23
Introduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in the winter of December 1959 in a meeting at the California Institute of Technology (CalTech) when a rather modest scientist (136 IQ compared to 142 of Einstein) who went by the name of Richard Feynman delivered a lecture titled “There is plenty of room at the bottom”. Although it did not include the term “Nanotechnology”, the ideas and concepts of nanotechnology were the principal objective of the lecture. Feynman’s lecture opened up a new area of physics altogether. He described a process in which scientists could control and manipulate atoms and or anything which was in the size range 10^ -9 meters. This revolutionized the entire world of physics and now we have the use of Nanotechnology everywhere, from fluoride nano-crystals in your toothpaste to gold nano particles’ use in the early detection of Cancer to future uses of nanobots to cure diseases spontaneously.

Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in

Introduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology

Abstract It all began in the winter of December 1959 in a meeting at the California Institute of

Technology (CalTech) when a rather modest scientist (136 IQ compared to 142 of Einstein) who went by the name of Richard Feynman delivered a lecture titled “There is plenty of room at the

bottom”. Although it did not include the term “Nanotechnology”, the ideas and concepts of nanotechnology were the principal objective of the lecture.

Feynman’s lecture opened up a new area of physics altogether. He described a process in which scientists could control and manipulate atoms and or anything which was in the size range 10^-9

meters. This revolutionized the entire world of physics and now we have the use of Nanotechnology everywhere, from fluoride nano-crystals in your toothpaste to gold nano particles’ use in the early detection of Cancer to future uses of nanobots to cure diseases

spontaneously.

Page 2: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in

Introduc

In Decemindividua

- There a

- On a coearth.

The abilithing, buexact reathese ato(ScanninNanotech

Even thomaterialsmedievalstained gcreate thworking

ction

mber 1959,al atoms and

are 25,400,00

omparative s

ity to maniput the fact thaction of scioms, manipung Tunnelinhnology gain

ough nano-scs have been l churches, yglass windowhese glass w

with.

Richard Fd molecules

of ronanotePhysic

After Norio and laof nan

The tewhich nanotedimenone ofquantu

So how

0 nanometer

scale, if a ma

pulate atomsat we could ientists of thlating these ng Microsned a very po

cience and nused from ayou have seews used alte

windows led

Le

Feynman delat the Califo

oom at theechnology acists.

almost a decTaniguchi u

ater it was ponotechnology

erm “nano”means dwa

echnology ansion sized bf the dimenum mechanic

w much exac

rs in one inch

arble were a

s and molecuse it for ou

hat time, butatoms was a

scope)[3] anositive push

nanotechnola long time. Ien a spectacernate sized

to the chan

ecture I

livered a leornia Institute bottom”, and opened

cade in his eused the termopularized by and its rela

has been darf. The Natas “The mabetween 1 tonsions shoulcal effects to

ctly is one n

h;

a nanometer,

cules at the ur benefit is t they did noa very far ofnd the Atowards the

logy as a brIf you mightcle of nano-ssilver and g

nges in the

ecture on mute of Techno

which acd up a ne

exploration orm “nanotechby Drexler [2]

ated branche

derived fromtional Nanotanipulation o 100 nanomld be betweo take place)

nanometer?

, then one m

molecular leeven more

ot even havff thing. But

AFM (Atome right direct

ranch of sciet have seen science maggold particlecomposition

manipulationology calledcted as fouew branch

of ultra-prechnology” fo], and thus b

es.

m the Greetechnology of matter w

meters” (It ien 1 to 100).

meter would b

evel itself ismind-boggli

ve the apparat after the asmic Force tion.

ence is quitethe stained g

gic. The artises. The procn of the mat

n and contrd “There is punding stepall-together

cision machior the first tibegan the jou

ek word “naInitiative de

with at-leastis imperative0 nanometer

be the size o

s a very excing. This waatuses to obscent of the

Microscop

e new, nanoglass windowsts creating cess they usterials they

ol of plenty p of r for

ining, ime[1] urney

anos” efines t one e that rs for

of the

citing as the

bserve STM pe)[4],

oscale ws of these

sed to were

Page 3: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in

In the pnanoscalenhanced

Beauty oIslands o

present scene devices asd properties t

of Fine Dotof Grand Je

ario, scientis they are mthan materia

E

s – Makingette.

ists use a wmore durablals of normal

Essence of

g sense of sm

wide varietye, have a hil sizes (>10^

f Nanotech

mall nothin

y of techniqigher streng^-9).

hnology

ngs – Seuret

ques and mgth, lighter w

t :Sunday a

methods to cweight and

afternoon on

create other

n the

Page 4: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in
Page 5: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in
Page 6: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in
Page 7: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in
Page 8: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in
Page 9: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in
Page 10: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in
Page 11: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in
Page 12: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in
Page 13: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in
Page 14: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in
Page 15: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in
Page 16: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in
Page 17: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in
Page 18: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in
Page 19: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in
Page 20: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in
Page 21: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in
Page 22: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in
Page 23: Introduction, history and Timeline of …nptel.ac.in/courses/118107015/module1/lecture1/lecture1.pdfIntroduction, history and Timeline of Nanobiotechnology Abstract It all began in