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Introduction. Calibration at NPL Summer 2009 Flight campaign Water vapour profiles So preliminary data comparisons Closing remarks. Radiometric calibration. At NPL 5 th - 15 th May 2009 Pre-campaign radiometric calibration with 2 external blackbody sources. NPLxBB and ICxBB . - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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CAVIAR Annual MeetingCosener’s House,14th Dec 2009
Page 1
Introduction
• Calibration at NPL• Summer 2009 Flight campaign• Water vapour profiles• So preliminary data comparisons• Closing remarks
Radiometric calibration
• At NPL 5th - 15th May 2009• Pre-campaign radiometric
calibration with 2 external blackbody sources. NPLxBB and ICxBB.
• Differential instrument, always measures the difference between two views.
• Temperatures viewed covers those found in flight.
• Additional runs with both external blackbodies at near-equal but cold temperatures, to isolate the instrument self-emission term.
CAVIAR Annual MeetingCosener’s House,14th Dec 2009
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Calibration run targets (2009)Run UW BB UW temp
(degC)DW BB DW temp
(degC)Internal BBshot/cold
A1 ICxBB -26.2 NPLxBB +5, -10, -25, -26.2
50/20
A2 ICxBB -31.8 NPLxBB +5, -10, -25,-31.8, -45, -55
60/amb
A3 ICxBB -32.4 NPLxBB +5, -10, -25, -32.4, -40, -55
amb/60(40)
B1 NPLxBB -10, -25, -40, -41.2, -42.2
ICxBB -41.2 50/20
B2 NPLxBB +5 ICxBB -44 60/amb
B3 NPLxBB +5, -10, -25, -40, -55
ICxBB -40 70/40
CAVIAR Annual MeetingCosener’s House,14th Dec 2009
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Summer flying 2009
• 13 July – 12 August 2009• Based out of Basel, Switzerland• 38.5hrs over 9 flights
CAVIAR Annual MeetingCosener’s House,14th Dec 2009
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CAVIAR 2008 Flight scheduleDate Flight Meteorology TAFTS performance
02/07/09 B465 N/A Test flight
16/07/09 B466 Clear (partial MC) R6-10 excellent; R1-6, 11,12 good
19/07/09 B467* Some thin Ci, ↓R3-7 R6-11.2 excellent; R1-5 good
20/07/09 B468 Night balloon launch R1,2,6,7 good; R3-5,8,9 ok
25/07/09 B469 StCu later in flight All runs excellent
26/07/09 B470* Occasional thin Ci All runs excellent
27/07/09 B471* Clear R1-4 excellent; R5,6 lost chs; No R7,8
29/07/09 B472 Clear R1-8 excellent; No R9-13 [ARIES]
01/08/09 B473 Clear Did not fly - Helium
04/08/09 B474* Partial MC R1-6 excellent; R7,8 lost chs; No R9-11
CAVIAR Annual MeetingCosener’s House,14th Dec 2009Page 5
MC – mountain cloud
B471 – 27/07/09
CAVIAR Annual MeetingCosener’s House,14th Dec 2009
Page 6Profile 7 ~18kft 09:58UTC
Profile 7 ~20kft 09:55UTC
Profile 2 ~16kft 07:40UTC
CAVIAR Annual MeetingCosener’s House,14th Dec 2009
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Elevation data from:http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/
CAVIAR Annual MeetingCosener’s House,14th Dec 2009
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Water Vapour profiles
• Each group (IC, MO, Reading) involved in the flight campaign need to know the water vapour profile (and uncertainty) to compare with measured spectra.
• There are a number of sources of data; dropsonde, models, aircraft in-situ, satellites.
• Need to be compared and combined in an intelligent manner.
• All participants need to be using same profiles, for better cross-comparison…
• Workshop in week 30 Nov – 4 Dec 2009 @ IC involving SN, LT and PG
CAVIAR Annual MeetingCosener’s House,14th Dec 2009
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Measuring Water Vapour
CAVIAR Annual MeetingCosener’s House,14th Dec 2009
Page 10
Measuring Water Vapour
CAVIAR Annual MeetingCosener’s House,15th Dec 2009
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Profile philosophy
• Dropsonde are most accurate measures of profile, but only occasional snap-shot.
• Aircraft in-situ measurements from frost-point hygrometer, fluorescence WV spectrometer and Nevzorov TWC, all have different response times and measurement characteristics. Provide profiles in ascents/descents and measure of variation along runs.
• ECMWF analysis model fields – 0.25° grid assimilating all available data, but produced via spherical harmonics scheme – limited detail.
• Swiss Met model• GPS water vapour from JFJ• JFJ surface measurements• Satellite data (SEVIRI, IASI, AIRS etc)• Microwave (MARSS) instrument on FAAM-146• And radiometer data itself – shouldn’t be forgotten.• So how best to combine…
CAVIAR flight debrief (2009)Reading 16th November 2009
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Profile philosophy
Dropsondes are an accurate snap-shot, ECMWF, even if biased, should give good idea of trend, temporally and spatially. Aircraft in-situ measurements as first check of this.
Initially:1) define a few points fixed points, representative of segments of the
run (Camborne – Ocean N, Camborne, Ocean S). In this case, NW-SE runs, fortuitously follows ECMWF grid diagonal.
2) Sonde drop locations, naturally cluster about these points – so attribute dropsonde data to these locations.
3) Look at time of ECMWF fields analysis/forecast, dropsonde launch and aircraft run pass. Interpolate the ECMWF fields in time between these epochs, and produce a shift in T(p),q(p) from change in ECMF field.
So, any good?
CAVIAR flight debrief (2009)Reading 16th November 2009
Page 13
Time variance of assimilation
CAVIAR Annual MeetingCosener’s House,14th Dec 2009
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Comparison of ECMWF correct profiles
CAVIAR Annual MeetingCosener’s House,14th Dec 2009
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B471 Run 1
CAVIAR Annual MeetingCosener’s House,14th Dec 2009
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B471 Run 1
CAVIAR Annual MeetingCosener’s House,14th Dec 2009
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Closing remarks
• Overall a very successful campaign. Best yet in terms of weather, instrument performance (TAFTS and others) and number of flights
• But lots to do…– Concentrate on B471.– Continue analysis of dropsonde / Payerne radiosonde data. – Determine most appropriate profile for each run – last week.– Calibrate B471 runs 2,3,4,5 and 6.– Compare with ARIES data (in cross-over region).– Uncertainty budget calculations with updated ε and ΔT from NPL-based
calibration work.– LBL code updates – HITRAN2008 / Tennyson list.– Make continuum assessment, then validate with other flights.
CAVIAR Annual MeetingCosener’s House,14th Dec 2009
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