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Introduction. Rice is the staple food for 60 % of world population. In India rice is grown on 45 million ha land. Rice is grown in all the states in India. West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh have highest production where as Punjab have highest rice productivity. Standing Rice crop in the field. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Introduction
• Rice is the staple food for 60 % of
world population. In India rice is
grown on 45 million ha land.
• Rice is grown in all the states in
India. West Bengal and Uttar
Pradesh have highest production
where as Punjab have highest rice
productivity.
Standing Rice crop in the field
Climatic Requirements
• Rice is grown in various climatic conditions and it extends from as
low as at sea level to as high as 3000 meter above mean sea level.
• Rice crop ideally belongs to hot and humid climate and best suited
to regions with high humidity, prolonged sunshine, and an assured
irrigation water.
• Temperatures: The temperature required for rice seedling growth
under nursery condition ranges from 21-370 C. Post transplantation
stages require higher temperatures.
• Photoperiod: Photo periodically rice is short day plant. However,
there are some varieties which are non sensitive to photoperiodic
conditions.
• Relative Humidity: The relative humidity during growing season
should be 85-95% to prevent excessive water loss from the plant
through transpiration.
• Season: Rice growing seasons vary in different parts of India,
depending on temperature, rainfall, and other climatic conditions.
There are three seasons for growing rice in India, namely,
Monsoon, Winter and summer .
Climatic Requirements
Crop Season Local Name Sowing time Harvest time
Monsoon(Kharif) Aus (W.B., Bihar) May- June Sept.- Oct.
Winter (Rabi) Aman or Aghani June- July Nov.- Dec.
Summer (Spring)Dalua (Orissa)Boro (Bengal)
Nov.- Dec. March- April
Climatic Requirements
Soil Requirement
• In India rice is grown under diverse soil conditions from acidic
to alkaline soils. Soils with good water retention capacity and
with good amount of clay and organic matter are ideal for
raising rice nursery.
• Clay or clay loam soils are most suited for rice cultivation.
Such soils are capable of holding water for long time and
helps sustain crop and crop production.
• Rice is semi aquatic crop, grows best under submerged and
partially submerged conditions, rice crop is mainly grown
under low land conditions.
• Rice plant is able to tolerate wide range of soil reactions, however is
well suited to acidic soils having a pH from 5.5 and 6.5. It can be grown
on alkali soils after treatment with gypsum or pyrite.
Different types of soils used to raise rice nursery
Soil Requirement