INTRAMUROS.docx

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INTRAMUROS: PRESERVING ITS HISTORICAL BEAUTY

A thesis Presented to the

School of International Hospitality Management

World Citi Colleges

Quezon City

In Partial Fulfillment

Of the e!uirements in esearch "#hesis $%

Of &achelor of Science in #ourism Management

AMPLER, JUDY ANN

DATO, KLARIZZE REGINE D.

GAGARIN, APRIL JAYNE

HUGO, ARLON JOHN

JAO, ANGERICA

SALAS, MARJORIE

TOTANES, CZARINA

#A&'( OF CO)#()#S


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Page

Appro*al sheet

Chapter

$ #H( PO&'(M A)+ I#S &AC,-O.)+

Introduction

e*ie/ of elated 'iterature #heoretical Frame/or01Conceptual Frame/or0

esearch Paradigm

Statement of the Pro2lem Assumption

Significance of the Study

Scope and 'imitation of the Study +efinition of #erms

3 M(#HO+O'O-4

esearch +esign Population and Sampling

espondents of the Study

esearch Instrument +ata -athering Procedure

Statistical #reatment of +ata

CHAPTER I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

#he story of Intramuros is an incredi2le one as it has 2een /itness to many 0ey

e*ents that comprise the history of the Philippines5 It has 2een the scene of multi6cultural

contact among the Chinese7 Spanish and American nations8 it has seen the repression and

oppression of the Filipino people8 it has 2een the sym2ol of foreign occupation 2y the

Spanish7 9apanese and7 to certain e:tent7 the .nited States5 It is also a story of

colonialism7 de6colonialism and the de*elopment of national identity7 for instead of


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hiding these relics of a past that 2rings up mi:ed images in the Filipino heart7 the people

of the Philippines ha*e em2raced this site full heartedly and made it their o/n5 It is today

a proud Philippine attraction7 as /ell as a fully functioning part of Metro Manila5

#oday7 Intramuros gains attention 2ecause of its reno*ated infrastructures and

sceneries /hile the historical essence of the old 2uildings /ith Spanish influences is

maintained5 As future tourism practitioners7 it came to our attention that Intramuros can

2e a potential site in promoting Philippine culture and heritage5 With our eager desire to

help7 /e /ish to identify and focus on the influences regarding the current progress /ith

the increasing num2er of tourists /ithin the location5 #hrough conducting !uantitati*e

and !ualitati*e methods of research /e /ill ha*e a lucid *ie/ of ho/ tourism gro/th is

affected 2y the ne/est trends in the tourism industry

Intramuros holds the 0ey to the door of our rich history5 &ecause of our eagerness

to redisco*er the city of our ancestors; dreams7 /e ha*e follo/ed the footsteps of our

heroes and /ent to *isit our past5 When someone says7


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physical care must also 2een preser*ed as a composition of the cultural property5 It has

2een significantly important to the community7 ho/e*er7 to 2e effecti*ely protected it

must deal /ith specific *ulnera2ility5

Cultural heritage preser*ation started 2ecause of the desire of preser*ing cultural

relics in (urope to the enlightenment /hich led to the appreciation of the material

culture5 It /as mentioned that the )on6Western culture tends to *alue the spiritual *ie/

more than the material *ie/ of the past5 For effecti*e heritage tourism7 it must emphasize

the fle:i2ility and adapta2ility /ith the site7 ena2les to meet consumers needs and

integrated /ith other systems5 It must 2e from the society that /ants to conser*e a

specific place5

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Loca R!a"!# L$"!%a"&%!

Within the /alls of Manila;s Intramuros7 the original Spanish settlement7 the

Spanish colonial influence onto the nation and people persists through Intramuros;

continued usage and significance to the modern city8 through ethnography and

archaeology7 this study aims to analyze modes through /hich the Filipino people and

go*ernment interact /ith and represent their history and identity5 I hope to e:amine the

conflict 2et/een e*eryday functional uses of the site 2y its inha2itants7 the traditional7

2ygone uses of an elite class7 and the increasing gentrification7 as mediated 2y the


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management of and reno*ation 2y the Intramuros Administration5 Pedestrian sur*eys7

!uestionnaires7 archi*al research7 and inter*ie/s /ith 0ey go*ernmental agencies and

community ad*ocates /ill address !uestions a2out the continued role and importance of

Intramuros in terms of its spatial and cultural legitimacy to modern Filipino identity5 #his

approach to a study of Intramuros dri*es understanding into the inner /or0ings not only

of Manila the city7 2ut that of the people themsel*es in relation to their past7 their

go*ernment7 and their presentation to the /orld at large5

#he Intramuros Administration "IA%7 an agency of the +epartment of #ourism7 is

cele2rating its Bth anni*ersary on April $?7 3?$@5 It /as created 2y Presidential +ecree

$$ in $DED7 /ith primary tas0 of preser*ing the rich cultural and historical heritage

/ithin the 6hectare /alled city of Intramuros5

IA efforts ha*e transformed Intramuros into a top tourist destination5 #he .nited

)ations World #ourism Organization cited the IA for its uni!ue approach in

implementing Intramuros reconstruction as tourism de*elopment model for heritage

conser*ation5 IA is 2eing assisted 2y 2usinesses7 esta2lishments7 and uni*ersities to

preser*e and restore 2uildings7 monuments7 and forts5 #hey ma0e the area more tourist6

friendly7 and pro*ide transports such as 0alesa7 Geepney7 pedica27 and electric chariot7 or

encourage /al0ing along its /ide7 co22lestone streets5

epu2lic Act @DE declared Intramuros a )ational Historical Monument5 O*er the

years7 IA has restored fi*e original stone gates Isa2el II7 Parian7 eal7 Santa 'ucia7 and

Postigo as /ell as plazas Plaza oma7 Plaza Sampalucan7 Puerta Sta5 'ucia7 and

Puerta del Parian e*ellin5 +e*eloped as tourists spots /ere Fort Santiago7 and the

adGacent Maestranza Wall7 used as soldiers; !uarters during the /ar5 e2uilt /ere Casa


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Manila7 a museum depicting $Dth Century lifestyle7 and (l Amanecer7 a reproduction of

$Dth Century to/nhouse5 Museo de Intramuros7 reconstructed on the site of old San

Ignacio Church7 sho/cases a cultural and historical collection from the Spanish era to the

pre6/ar period7 including religious images7 ta2le/are7 sanctuary sil*er7 inlaid furniture7

ceramics7 and /ood o2Gects5

Intramuros /as the seat of go*ernment as /ell as center of commerce7 education7

politics7 and religion during the Spanish period5 It ser*ed as main trading lin0 2et/een

Spain and China5 In e:change for Spanish sil*er7 Chinese traders ga*e sil0s and fine

finished products7 /hich the Spanish transported to Acapulco5 (sta2lished 2y Miguel

'opez de 'egazpi in $@E$ along the 2an0 of Pasig i*er7 it /as 2uilt to protect the

go*ernment seat from foreign in*asion7 /ith to/ering /alls separating it from the rest of

Manila5 It /as hea*ily damaged during the /ar7 2ut has since 2een restored 2y IA to its

former glory5

Here are 2eautiful churches such as San Agustin Church7 a .)(SCO /orld

heritage site7 and the Manila Cathedral7 as /ell as the -o*ernor;s Palace7 the official

residence of Spanish officials5 #he national shrine Fort Santiago is /here national hero

+r5 9ose P5 izal /as detained 2efore he /as e:ecuted in &agum2ayan7 no/ izal Par05 A

2ust of +r5 izal is found at Intramuros; AS(A) -arden5

Fo%!$'( R!a"!# L$"!%a"&%!

#he .) World #ourism Organization7 through its Secretary6-eneral #ali2 aifi7

has recently commended the Intramuros Administration "IA% for its uni!ue approach in

formulating the Intramuros Master Plan "IMP% as a consultati*e tourism de*elopment


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model for heritage conser*ation5 IA Administrator7 9ose A5 Capistrano7 9r5 /ith his team7

/ill highlight the components and the reasons 2ehind the IMP /ith the end o2Gecti*e of

enhancing Intramuros as a sustaina2le tourist attraction5

&uilt on the $th6century palisades of aGa Sulayman;s fort7 it /as during the

country;s the Spanish colonial era5 Although left untouched in recognition of its heritage

!ualities 2y the $D?@ +aniel &urnham Plan for Manila7 /hich /as commissioned in the

early days of the American colonial go*ernment7 Intramuros did not sur*i*e World War

II5 &om2s practically /iped out Intramuros during the American recon!uest of Manila in

the last days of World War II5

A /al0 through Intramuros today is a study in contrasts of sensiti*ely restored

fortifications and the World Heritage San Agustin Church8 of reconstructed Spanish6era

2ahay6na62ato standing in 2rute contrast ne:t to 2loc0s of informal6settler d/ellings7 a

sight that dashes romantic notions of re*i*ing 2ygone colonial Intramuros gentility5

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK)THEORETICAL FRAMWORK

#his study /ill focus on ho/ go*ernment preser*es Intramuros; historical 2eauty5

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

6 +emographic

profile of the

respondents in termsof

a5 Age

25 -ender

c5 )ationality

6Preser*ing

Intramuros;

historical 2eauty 2e

descri2ed in terms

of

a5 Historical

Structures

25 Attractions

c5 Historyd5 'ocation

e5 Culture

#his aims to analyze

the past and present

life of the city that plays a 2ig part of

the culture and

history of our

country5 Also7 this

/ill ma0e Filipinos

appreciate and gi*e

importance of the

past to the future5

6 Conducting of

sur*ey through

distri2ution of

!uestionnaires

6Analysis of +ata

Collected

6+iscussion of the

+ata


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RESEARCH PARADIGM

#he locals from Manila /ill 2e the input of this study5 #hey /ill 2e the one /ho

/ill ans/er the !uestionnaire pro*ided 2y the researchers 2ecause they are familiar a2out

the historical 2eauty of Intramuros and the !uestions that /ill 2e pro*ided 2y the

researchers5 #hus7 they /ill 2e a2le to gi*e appropriate and 2est ans/ers to the

researchers5 #hey /ill 2e determined and segregated in terms of their demographic

profile including their age7 gender and nationality5

Feed2ac0


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In the process of doing this research paper to get the output7 the researchers /ill

conduct a sur*ey through distri2uting !uestionnaires made7 and analysis and discussion

of the gathered data5

#his aims to analyze the past and present life of the city that plays a 2ig part of the

culture and history of our country5 Also7 this /ill ma0e Filipinos appreciate and gi*e

more importance of the past to the future /ill 2e the output of this research study5 It /ill

also identify the impact of Intramuros in the line /ith the tourism industry5

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

#his study /ill find out ho/ go*ernment and locals preser*e Intramuros historical

2eauty5 Specifically7 this study /ill ans/er the follo/ing !uestions

$5 What are the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of

a5 Age

25 -ender c5 )ationality

35 Ho/ does the go*ernment and locals preser*e Intramuros; historical 2eauty 2e

descri2ed in terms of

a5 Historical structures

25 Attractions

c5 Historyd5 'ocation

e5 Culture

B5 Is there any significant relationship 2et/een the demographic profile of the

respondents and *aria2les of preser*ing Intramuros; historical 2eautyJ

5 Is there any significant difference among the *aria2les of preser*ing Intramuros;

historical 2eautyJ

ASSUMPTION


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#here is no significant relationship 2et/een the demographic profile of the

respondents and the *aria2les of preser*ing Intramuros; historical 2eauty5

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

R!*!a%c+!%*

#he study aims to gi*e *alua2le information to the researchers on ho/ to

ameliorate and em2ellish the city of intramuros and on ho/ to preser*e its historical

2eauty /ith regards to the industry of tourism5

To&%$*"

#he tourist can help 2y encouraging other tourist to e:plore and ac0no/ledge the

2eauty of Intramuros5 #hereafter7 the gro/ing num2er of tourist /ould 2e a great help

also a huge contri2ution to the country5

Co&($"-

#he study 2rings 0no/ledge and a/areness to the community furthermore7 this

/ill increase their idea a2out the place5 For this reason7 the community /ould 2e more

appreciati*e and cautious a2out their area5


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S"!("*

#his study /ould 2e significant to the tourism students thus using this as their

reference for the future studies5

SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

#his study /ill focus on preser*ing Intramuros; historical 2eauty5 #he respondents

/ill 2e one hundred "$??% locals from Manila5 #hey /ill 2e segmented 2y means of their

age7 gender7 and nationality5 #hese /ill 2e the respondents of the study 2ecause they are

the people familiar to one of the historical places in the Philippines /hich is Intramuros

as /ell as the !uestions that /ill 2e pro*ided thus7 /ill 2e a2le to gi*e the 2est ans/ers

that /ill 2e needed 2y the researchers5

#he purposi*e sampling /ill 2e used in selecting the respondents in this study5

#his is the sampling that /ill 2e used 2ecause the researchers ha*e set a particular

characteristics that they /ill need for their respondents such as locals or tourists /ho

ha*e 0no/n the historical place Intramuros and ha*e a thorough 0no/ledge a2out the

said place5 #he !ualifications set 2y the researchers should meet 2y the respondents5 #he

research instrument that /ill 2e used is a sur*ey6!uestionnaire that /ill consist of t/o "3%

parts Part one "$%7 the demographic profile and part t/o "3%7 the preser*ing Intramuros;


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historical 2eauty 2e descri2ed of historical structures7 attractions7 history7 location and

culture5

#his study /ill focus only on the mentioned *aria2les of preser*ing Intramuros;

historical 2eauty5

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Attractions something interesting or enGoya2le that people /ant to *isit7 see7 or do5

Beauty the !ualities in a person or a thing that gi*e pleasure to the senses or the mind5

Culture a particular society that has its o/n 2eliefs7 /ay of life7 art7 etc5

Historical arranged in the order that things happened or came to 2e5

Infrastructure the 2asic e!uipment and structures that are needed for a country7 region

or organization to function properly5

Locals characterized 2y or relating to position in space8 ha*ing a definite spatial form or

location5

Preserving to 0eep something in its original state on in good condition5

Site the place /here something "such as 2uilding% is7 /as or /ill 2e located5

Tourism the acti*ity of tra*elling to a place for pleasure5

Tourists a person /ho tra*els to a place for pleasure5


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CHAPTER II. METHODOLOGY

R!*!a%c+ D!*$'(

+escripti*e method /as used in the study7 specifically the sur*ey form to gather

the data needed in the study5 #he instrument gi*es information that primarily descri2es

the preser*ation of Intramuros; historical 2eauty5 It descri2es /hat is5 It descri2es /ith

emphasis /hat actually e:ists such as current conditions8 practices8 situations8 or any

phenomena5

Po/&a"$o( a(# Sa/$('

#he study focused on the local residents of Manila7 their perspecti*e regarding the

historical 2eauty of Intramuros5 #he target population consisted of $?? local residents in

Manila5


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R!*/o(#!("* o0 "+! S"-

#he respondents of the study /ill 2e the local residents in Manila5 #hey are the

chosen respondents 2ecause they are 0no/ledgea2le a2out the preser*ation of the

historical 2eauty of Intamuros5

R!*!a%c+ I(*"%&!("

#he study used a comprehensi*e and structured form of sur*ey5 espondents are

to chec0 the 2o: of their respecti*e ans/er5 #he sur*ey consists of ten !uestions in a form

of li0ert scale5

Da"a Ga"+!%$(' P%oc!#&%!

#he study ac!uired necessary data and information needed through the use of

sur*ey5 #his sur*ey /as distri2uted to one hundred respecti*e residents of Manila5 On the

day the sur*ey form /as appro*ed7 data gathering started and it ended on the same day5

S"a"$*"$ca T%!a"!(" Da"a


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After gathering the data it /as organized and analyzed5 With the used of

fre!uency count7 percentage7 /eighted mean and chi s!uare test7 the ans/er to the study

can 2e calculated and interpreted5

$5 Fre!uency Counts6 this classified the respondents according to their gender /herein

arithmetical /as made5

35 Percentage6 this is used as descripti*e measure to determine the fre!uency of

respondents against the total num2er of respondents this /ill ho/ the profile of the

respondents5

p=f

n x 100

Where p K percentage

f K fre!uency

n K total num2er of respondents

B5 Weighted mean to get the perception of selected indi*idual from Manila in terms of

their gender5

5 'i0ert Scale

SCA'( L(&A' I)#(P(#A#IO)

@ Strongly Agree

Moderately Agree

B Agree

3 +isagree

$ Strongly +isagree


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@5 #6 test to test the significant difference 2et/een the perception of male and

female indi*idual from the residents and tourists in Manila5

REFERENCES

http11///5m25com5ph1preser*ing6intramuros6illustrious6past1

http11/e25stanford5edu1group1ho/i/rite12log1archi*es13??@1$31literaturere*i5html

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