INTERVENTIONS, ACCOMMODATIONS

AND MODIFICATIONS

Starting with General Education

Strategies implemented within the general education setting. Small groups and differentiation Team problem solving/consultation Examples of interventions available to general

education students: Basic skills instruction Freshman Academy

I&RS Intervention and Referral Team (I&RS) action

plan School I&RS team composed of teachers,

administrator, guidance, and CST member. Any teacher or parent can refer a student to the

I&RS team for academic concerns I&RS team can develop an action plan that

include accommodations within the classroom As a team, can identify any school wide issues

and recommend action

Section 504 Accommodations Section 504

For general education students with a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits access to an appropriate education

Provides reasonable accommodations not modifications to the curriculum

Based on Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) “No otherwise qualified individual with a disability in

the United States… shall, solely by reason of his or her disability, be excluded from the participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to, discrimination under any program or activity receiving federal financial assistance.” 29 U.S.C. Sec. 794

WHO MUST COMPLY?PROHIBITS DISCRIMINATION BY RECIPIENTS OF FEDERAL

FUNDING.

Public schools Private or charter

schools Child care centers Before and after

school programs Municipal and

recreation programs

Prohibits discrimination in employment, education and public accommodations.

Prohibits discrimination by colleges and universities that receive federal financial assistance.

Who is protected?Individual who has, has had or perceived as having:

A physical, or mental impairment which substantially limits one or more major life activities:Caring for oneself ConcentratingWalking ThinkingSeeing CommunicatingSpeaking WorkingLearning HelpingBreathing EatingSleeping BendingStanding Operating Bodily FunctionsLifting ReadingSitting StoopingReaching Procreating

What is substantially limiting? Unable to perform a major life activity that

most people in the general population can perform

Or Significantly restricted as to the condition,

manner or duration under which an individual can perform a particular major life activity as compared to the condition, manner and duration under which most people in the general population can perform the same major life activity.

Section 504 Accommodations Who decides?

504 team decides on eligibility and development of plan A multi-disciplinary team of educators,

counselors, and/or related service professionals within the school.

Parent and medical documentation is considered when making the determination.

504 Accommodations at the Post Secondary Level

An IEP does not follow your student to college! Pre-Admission:

Contact student support services to see if your student qualifies for a 504 plan for testing accommodations

Students may not be denied admission because they have a disability. However, the college may have academic standards that are a requirement for admission.

You have no obligation to inform a post secondary institution that you have a disability.

Post Admission: The student is responsible for obtaining documentation

(recent testing, IEP, 504 plan) and presenting to institution. Post secondary institutions are NOT responsible for, and

generally will NOT pay for evaluations.

Special Education and Related Services

Covered by Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA): Provides accommodations and/or

modifications for individuals with disabilities wherein the disability adversely affects the student's educational performance and prevents to ensure Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)

Parent or I&RS team can refer student for a Child Study Team Evaluation. Require parent permission.

Special Education and Related Services

How is eligibility determined? Must be found eligible under one of the categories

as specified by state code. Disability must adversely affect student’s

educational performance Student must be in need of special education or

related services. IEPs:

Outlines programming and needed accommodations and modifications within both general education and special education classrooms.

Individualized goals

What is an accommodation? Accommodations

Support students with disabilities so they can access general education

Does not “water down” curriculum or reduce academic expectations.

Supports based on a students needs so the student can do the same work and meet the same outcome goals as their peers.

What is an accommodation?

Examples of accommodations: Presentation – repeating directions, reading

aloud, large print Response – using a different answer book,

pointing Setting – testing in separate room, preferential

seating Timing – extended time, frequent breaks

What is a modification? Modifications to curriculum:

a change from the general curriculum in what is taught or expected from the student.

Based on an individuals needs Begins with the general education curriculum

and then is individualized for the student.

What is a modification? Examples of modifications:

Reduction of required homework or classwork Alternative reading books. Modified testing – reduced amount of material

covered, reduced amount of multiple choice answers

Modified grading – i.e. grading by pass/fail

Science - Example #1Original Question: Use a ruler to measure the length of your table in

centimeters (cm): ___________________ length in cm

Modified Question:Metric Rulers are fairly easy to read. They deal with centimeters (cm) and millimeters (mm) only. You won’t have to worry

much about fractions. Take a look at the metric ruler above. The larger lines with numbers are centimeters and the smallest lines are millimeters. Since millimeters are 1/10 of a centimeter, if you measure 7 marks after a centimeter it is 1.7 cm long.

Directions: Use a ruler to measure the length of your lab table in centimeters (cm): Length in centimeters (cm) =________________________________________

Modifications Made: Copy of the ruler was added to the handout so that the student had a

visual aid. Description of a metric ruler was given so that the student had an

understanding and a reference to go to while completing the assignment.

Science – Example #2Original Question:Add a drop of Brom thymol blue to cavity 2, 3, 4, & 6.Modified Question:Add a drop of Brom thymol blue to cavity 2. Note information about the contents on the vials of solution

number 1-4 (formula). Record this information in the appropriate spaces on the Data Chart.

Add a drop of Brom thymol blue to cavity 3. Note information about the contents on the vials of solution

number 1-4 (formula). Record this information in the appropriate spaces on the Data Chart.

Modifications Made:The steps of the problem were broken down into 1 step

directions so that the students are not confused.

English – Example #3Original Question:

Use QASI to answer the following question from The Pardoner’s Tale, The Wife of Bath:

Question: is direct and indirect characterization used in your story? How is one of the main character(s) in your story depicted (give examples of quotes from the reading)? Does your character evolve from the beginning of the story to the end.

Modified Question: Original Question Plus:Remember:

Direct Characterization- the writer makes direct statements about a character’s personality and tells the reader what the character is like. Indirect Characterization- the writer reveals information about a character and his personality through the character’s thoughts, words, and actions, along with how the other characters respond to him/her.Question: is direct and indirect characterization used in your story? How is one of the main character(s) in your story depicted (give examples of quotes from the reading)? Does your character evolve from the beginning of the story to the end.

Modifications Made:• Students were given the definitions of Direct and Indirect Characterization • Students were given a QASI graphic organizer to complete (next slide)

      

Students were also given a QASI Graphic Organizer:

Q (Restate the question in the form of a statement- answer the question: Is indirect and direct characterization used in your story?)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A (Provide an answer to the question- what is your position?- do not use “I think” or “In my opinion” – How is one of the main character(s) in your story depicted?)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

S1 (Supporting details- give at least 2 quotes to support the position your taking- go back and find these two quotes from the reading- INTRODUCE the quote and EXPLAIN what the quote means.)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

S2 (Supporting details- give at least 2 quotes to support the position your taking- go back and find these two quotes from the reading- INTRODUCE the quote and EXPLAIN what the quote means.)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I (Insight- this is where you give your opinion about the open-ended question…use ideas from your personal life, your community, or from the news: Does your character evolve from the beginning of the story to the end, and give examples of someone you know that fits this description.)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Math – Example #4Original Question:Find the slope of the line that passes through the points (5, -2) and

(5, 8).You need to use the Slope Formula.

Modified Question: Find the slope of the line that passes through the points (1,2)

and (7,7). Use the Slope Formula: Y2-Y1

X2-X1

Example: (1,2) and (7,7) = 7-2 = 5 7-1 6

Modifications Made: Add the Slope Formula and offer an example to the students

to remind them of the necessary steps.

Math – Example #5Original Question:

Solve the equation for y. -6x + y = 11Modified Question:

Solve the equation for y. Remember the answer will be in the format y =

-6x + y = 11Modification Made:

Even though an example of how to solve the problem was not given, the student is still reminded of the proper format for the correct answer.

History - Example #6Original Question:

What is the cause of the troop surge?

Modified Question:What is the cause of the troop surge?A. Resurgence (coming back of) the Taliban/Al-QaidaB. The United States is now fighting with PakistanC. The United States is preparing for World War III

Modification Made:By making this a multiple choice question, a

student who has difficulty with written expression can still show that they know the correct answer.

History - Example #7… PowerPoint :

The newest literature, music, art, science and philosophies were regularly discussed in salons, informal social gatherings were writers, artists and philosophies exchanged ideas.

Modifications Made: Gossip in the title gets the students’

attention Note the change of color and size increase

for the vocabulary word and that the definition follows it.

Gossip at the Salons

Additionally… Try to give students information ahead of

time, especially the following: Vocabulary lists Power Point handouts Required ORAL readings for class

Put all of your class notes, Power Point presentations, homework assignments, and class assignments on your teacher web page in a timely manner.