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Internship Report

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About E-Mart Culture Centre

The cCentre where I worked is a non-profit organisation for lifelong education in

various cultural areas. It is called E-Mart Culture Centre, located in Sacheon in South

Korea. This centre is run by E-Mart which is one of the biggest distribution

companies in South Korea. The culture centre in Sacheon opened in March of the

year, 2011, with the opening of the E-Mart Sacheon branch. At the firsttime, the

centre started with about two hundreds classes which are aimed at housewives,

children and pregnant women. These classes are were about various cultural

activities like art, music, cooking, and handicrafts. The centre functions tries to

appeal to the public, making by encouraging people to spend their spare time by

participating in the classes and by offering practical ideas and information. The

organisation works for the people in Sacheon who want to receive educations in

various culture cultural areas. Moreover, it offers diverse cultural programs in order

for to suit personal preferences. Furthermore, to satisfy different tastes of the local

people, the centre plans novel events. The term of the centre is divided into by

quarters. Its reputation seems good and it is easy to join the classes. To sum up, E-

Mart Culture Centre in Sacheon plays a the role of a cultural experience space.

(Website of EMART Culture Centre )

The goals of E-Mart Culture Centre in Sacheon

Firstly, E-Mart aims to be a global composite distribution company which offers all

products and services across the customer’s life, from food, clothing and shelter to

hobby hobbies and leisure pursuits. Moreover, it has designed three strategies which

are multi-channel, life-solution and global company. Multi- channel company means

a diversification of a distribution channel like a multi- shopping mall, a specialty store,

a discount warehouse, online mall and so on. E-Mart believes that this strategy will

be a pave the way for the new growth power. Furthermore, E-Mart expects that it

would will maximise the synergy effects among various channels in the base of the

discount store, E-Mart, which is the core business. The strategy, ‘life-solution

company’, suggests the reinforcement of the service sector in distribution so that this

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will realise result in E-Mart which designings customers’ precedent life style.

Therefore, E-Mart pledges to understand its guests through a specialised system

and do its utmost to satisfy its customers by suggesting an optimised life style. Lastly,

E-Mart will realise become a global E-Mart tocompany by approaching more

customers through theas their stores spreading throughout the world. Moreover, E-

Mart expects to strengthen their competitive power of product through global

sourcing. (Website of EMART)

E-Mart Cculture centre Centre was established by a marketing strategy of E-Mart., it

It is a non-profit organisation which suggests a particular life style as one part of their

customer service through cultural education and events. It could should be explained

that E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre is influenced by the strategies, multi-

channel and life solution company. (Website of EMART Culture Centre )

E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre aims to enhance cultural welfare of a

community and as well as help the cultural artistic education to approachof the

public, thus performing a the role of messenger. Furthermore, through its cultural

education classes and events, this centre is trying to make their society become

getting used to enjoying culture and art through its cultural education classes and

events which the centre has designed. By doing this, the E-Mart culture Culture

centre Centre wants to build up a culturally vibrant city which makes gives people

could easily the chance to enjoy cultural events and products in their daily life. On As

to their the goals, the centre believes that people in this community are assured of

convenient ce for shopping and also get an experience space for the new living

culture. (Website of EMART Culture Centre)

EspeciallyIn particular, the E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre in Sacheon has a

plan to offer more specific programs with using the best teachers and various anda

variety of practical programs for children education and for families so that they areto

be able to participate easily. Therefore, it wants to approach to local peoples’s livesfe

naturally through these cultural classes and events. (Website of EMART Culture

Centre)

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The people and departments of E-Mart Culture Centre in Sacheon

E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre works on programs by divided over four terms,

December to February, March to May, June to August and September to November.

There are sixty three branches of E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre and the

branches are managed by the department, ‘Marketing Strategy Support Team’, in

their head office. The department designs concepts for every term’s programs and

various events.

E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre in Sacheon is operated by four employees.

Their positions are manager, assistant manager and two associates. Roles are

different by theaccording to their positions. The manager, for example, takes on all

work about programs and events. Firstly, the manager designs the programs and

events, and then looks for teachers. Moreover, the manager arranges the schedule

for the programs and ensures the events focus on customers and teachers. Finally,

she also makes a catalogue is made for each term. The assistant manager has the

responsibility for the management of members, such as receiving applications,

consulting and informing. In addition, the assistant manager checks the attendance

of members. One associate helps the assistant manager and the, another associate

manages the lecture rooms. For example, there are several lectures in one lecture

room a day, so the associate changes the room setting in accordance with each

lecture. Normally, they are busy in the period before every term, it is the fact thatby

they advertisinge for new members and open starting the registration of members.

The PEST analysis of E-Mart Culture Centre in Sacheon

“The origin of the PEST analysis (framework) is unknown. However, Johnson and

Scholes (2003) point out that PEST analysis is a popular strategic analysis method

used since the 1990s, which aims to identify and evaluate environmental influences

on strategy, significant trends, developments, opportunities, and threats for any

organisation and industry.” (Khosowpour, 2007:365)

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E-Mart Culture Centre is a culture cultural space which offers education, events and

cultural trends. Therefore, it is influenced by the education industry and culture

industry in South Korea.

-Political Factors

The E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre in of Sacheon is located in the city itself

and in , Sacheon of South Korea. As E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre is a

lifelong education organisation, it is influenced by laws, the Korean Lifelong

Education Act, the and Establishment and Management of Private Educational

Institute, and the Extracurricular Lesson Act. (National Institute For For Lifelong

Education) Firstly, under chapter 19 of the Korean Lifelong Education Act, the

Korean government established the National Institute For Lifelong Education to

support Lifelong lifelong Educationeducation. (Korean Ministry of Government

Legistlation) In this context, E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre could be explained

seen that it hasas having a good prospect with because of the government support

policy. Moreover, the government of Geun-Hye Park puts forwards the ‘construction

of national lifelong system for the age of home-hundred’ as one of their national

administration subjects.(Kang,2013 and Lee,2013) The National Institute For

Lifelong Education expresses that it has a weak connection now among

organisations associated with lifelong education and a poor accessibility of local

people. Therefore, as a solutions, it is expected to expand cyber lifelong programs,

moreover, networking among lifelong education facilities like librarylibraries,

galleriesy and museums five years later. (National Institute For Lifelong

Education)(Kim, 2013)

On the other hand, there was a bada new law change to seriously affected E-Mart

culture Culture centreCentre. The law about the Private Educational Institute was

changed in 2012, and there was the contentstated that if lifelong education

organisations accept students who are in the age frombetween three to nineteen

years of age, they should register as a private education institute.(Kim, 2013)

According to this law change, E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre could not to open

a class for these age groups. Therefore, the centre accepted the law, and

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determined to do away with these classesfor them.

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As theAn analysis of the political factors of E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre in

Sacheun, suggests that they it seems to be weighted on toward more benefits a

good prospect, although it has hadthere have been some disadvantages from these

policies.

-Economics Factors

In Regarding economic factors, the world economic depression is one of the most

influential aspects. An increasing number of people prefer ‘Saving Life’, which

reduces useless consumption by from the after-effects of the economic depression

and the highness prices. With the number of these consumers having risen, some

things have gained popularity like home appliances having with multi-functions of

and a reasonable price, DIY that where people can make their own products for at

low prices, and outlet stores. In particularEspecially, DIY is known to attracts the

attention of housewives’ attention as it can lead to a high value side line business

item in thisduring an economic depression. (Lee, 2013) Moreover, the numbers of

self-sufficiency sufficient consumers who solve the problems of having the

necessities of life on their own are rising under the influence of the economic

depression. (You, 2012) In addition, many people chose classes about DIY in order

to economise on the family budget. (Kang, 2013) Therefore, a culture centre could

be a good organisation in this depression. F, first of all, many people can get cultural

classes with at a reasonable price and these classes which are helpful in stretching

the to economise family budget. To sum up, E-Mart Culture Centre might wield a

strong influence on theto local community through this depression, with by offering

classes for Saving Life.

-Social Factors

The eElderly population rate in Korea is rapidly increasing, and this means Korea is

quickly becoming into an aging society in fast speed. Infact, in 2000, Korea entered

turned into an aging society with that the population rate of the proportion of people

group over 65 years old being was over seven percent. (Park, 2013) In an aging

society, the need of lifelong education would be increased. Therefore the

government of Geun-Hye Park puts forwards the ‘construction of national lifelong

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education system for the age of home-hundred’ as one of their national

administration subjectspolicies. According to the policysubject, the National Institute

For Lifelong Education and associations for lifelong education, which are established

by local governments, extent must extend their activities. (Kang,2013 and

Lee,2013)

The market of cultural consumption in Korea is growing by the diversification of

cultural contents and structural changes in society like an increase of income and

leisure time, and the perception change about cultural consumption. Choi anticipates

that there is a high probability of a growth of an average expenditure in

entertainment and culture. It is the a fact that the average expenditure has risen by

seven percent each year for the last three years; however the average rate of GDP

(3.7%) is lower than other countries’ rate, 5.1%., as 3.7%. (Choi, 2013) Moreover,

these days many Koreans pursue mental well-being rather than material well-being

these days and, according to as a result of increasing of leisure time, many people

now pursue change to follow the value to pursuea more cultural and creative life.

(Lee, 2013 and Kang, 2013) These changes of lifestyle lead to the development of

culture centres.

-Technological Factors

Above of all, the Iinternet could be explained that it isas one of the most influential

technological factors.(Kim,2002) With the development of the internetInternet, the

culture centre could make an online homepage and offer a the service of registration

service for classes through its online homepage. Moreover, the centre opened an

online community for members to share their information. In the near future, the

centre might open online classes according to the development of the internet. To

open online classes, it is important to prepare alternatives. The centre might, for

example, be asked to change the form of its organisation. To sum up, technology

brought some good changes to the centre however the centre seems tomight need

to prepare alternatives through by the development of technology.

Evaluation about E-Mart Culture Centre in Sacheon

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First of all, E-Mart Culture Centre in Sacheon is a culture space for the local people

in Sacheon. It is due to thatAs a result people can experience various forms of

culture al through various cultural and artistic programs of held by the centre.

Therefore, the centre could be evaluated by three aspects: which are ‘artistic’,

‘educational’ and ‘social’ aspect.

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-Artistic

Humans is have a creative existence, and has an desire to express themselves

artisticallyexpression desire. Therefore, one characteristic of a human is to create a

work of art and enjoy it although it is not directly connected to an instinct for survival.

(Dutton, 2009:1-12) Art represents one’s value and emotion by through visual

formative language. (Dutton, 2009:1-12) Moreover it shows various forms according

to religion, tradition, era and so on. Art has contributed to the mental health and

lifestyle of humans. (Dutton, 2009:1-12) In this context, a culture centre could be

explained as a creative space which creates various forms of art and culture. (Ra,

2004; Lee and Cho, 2006:109-132). Artistic activities take place in a culture centre

through its programs about art and culture. Therefore the E-Mart culture Culture

centre Centre in Sacheon could be evaluated as an artistic space where help is

provided for people to be able to create and enjoy art works. There are many artistic

programs in E-Mart Culture Centre in Sacheon such as crafts, painting, ballet and

music. The centre helps for local people to fill up theirfulfil their desire for artistic

expression desire through their programs in a broad spectrum of art and culture.

-Educational

E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre has an educational function which is the

foundation for people to develop creativity and imagination within the rapid changes

in contemporary society. In addition, the centre offers information of about culture

and art, and an opportunity for people to learn skills. Tthus, people are able to

develop themselves in the areas of culture and art. (Lee, 2008) E-Mart culture

Culture centre Centre in Sacheon has tried to develop cultural education programs

and offer creative programs in diverse fields. In Sacheon, local people are exposed

to artistic and cultural experiences by because of the E-Mart culture Culture

centreCentre. Through the programs in the centre, people can get an educations

which cannot be received from school. One purpose of education is the building up

of one’s character in an idiographic dimensiondimension; hence art education

contributes to character development in balance by with the expressing of the liberal

spirit and creative insight. (You,1997:38-39) In this context, therefore, E-Mart culture

Culture centre Centre could be described that it hasas having an educational

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function. E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre offers programs fit for various age and

taste groups. For instance, there is a clay art class for children to be able to enhance

creativity, imagination and colour sensation. Moreover, there are various craft

classes for adults to learn specialised skills. In addition, the teachers for programs in

the centre have a lot of experience in their professional fields. Ttherefore, classes

have are of a high quality to and give attendee satisfaction.

-Social

Cultural exchange has occurred in a culture centre. Cultural activities are one of

various social activities, then, and this gives the culture centre has a social meaning.

(Raeff and Benson, 2003:39)Various artistic exchanges are realised and are

generated in a culture centre. Therefore, E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre is a

social space for local people to be able to communicate with culture and art. First of

all, its classes and events have played a the role of a messenger between the local

society and culture cultural education. By Through cultural education, attendees

seem to be able to enjoy their leisure time and to receive information in diverse

culture cultural fields. For instance, in its various crafts classes, customers make

their own creative results. Through these making classes they are pleased due to

their creative activities. Moreover, the centre has held cultural events such as

concerts and gallery galleries for the society, although the size of each events is not

huge. Through these events, E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre intends to make a

tight connection with local people and its potential customers. In terms of the social

aspect, Homeplus Lifelong Education School is a competitor in Sacheon. Although

the location of the culture centre is more disadvantageous than Homeplus, the

centre is more popular than Homeplus according to the records that show the

number of attendees in E-Mart has been higher than in Homeplus by around 800

cases than Homeplus every each terms.

-The Overall Evaluation

E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre has a multi-functional meaning with regard to in

the aspects of art, education and society. In the artistic aspect, E-Mart culture

Culture centre Centre is an artistic space where which helps for people to be able to

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create and enjoy art works. In the educational aspect, the centre is a foundation for

people to develop creativity and imagination with specialised information, and to

learn skills which help development in the various areas of culture and art. Finally, in

the social aspect, E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre is a social messenger

between the local people and culture education by being able to communicate with

culture and art. In conclusion, E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre in Sacheon is

evaluated as a cultural space to help art activities, communication and education.

EVALUATION OF THE MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION OF THE

ORGANISATION AND A VIEW ON HOW ENTREPRENEURIAL IT IS

-Overall organisational structure

(표 만들기)

Firstly, E-Mart is divided into a head office and branches. The Hhead office is roughly

categorised into seven departments:, as Management Support, Strategy

Management, Marketing, Merchandising, Store Management, Store Support, and Et

cetraEtcetera. In Management Support, there are Human Resouse Resource Affairs,

Financial Affairs, General Affairs and Judicial Affairs. In Strategy Management, there

are Plan of strategy Strategy Department and Creative Strategy Department. In

Merchandising, there are Perchase Purchase Department and International Soursing

Sourcing Department. In Store Support, there are Personnel and general General

Department and et cetra Etcetera. Moreover there are Quality Control, Development

Store, Online Business, Distribution, Business Ethics, Corporation Business and IT.

In Marketing, there is Marketing Strategy Support Department. Moreover, in the this

department, there is a Culture Centre Team and in the team, there are sixty three

culture centre branches. In E-Mart Culture Centre in Sacheon, there are four

employees, of manager, assistant manager and two staffs. (EMART website)

-The main management processes

Management processes are all activities to achieve management purpose, such as

Comment [.1]: Is \Etcetera’ the name of

a department? If you are just continuing

the list then just say “and so on’.

Comment [.2]: Again, is this a

department?

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planning, controlling and organising. .(Koontz and O’donnellO’Donnell, 1972:46-57)

Moreover, these processes make one process circulation and they are put into a

mutual and close relations. (Koontz and O’donnellO’Donnell, 1972:46-57)

The management processes of .E-Mart Culture Centre are operated by over four

terms. The four terms are divided into three month a piece:s as spring, summer,

autumn and winter. The management processes of E-Mart Culture Centre are

operated with the same cycle in each term. One term has three months, therefore

and so one term is able to be divided into 12 weeks. Before one semester, the plan

for the next semester is already designed. Normally, there is a meeting with each

region to make a rough plan roughly for the first week of the next term in the first

week. Then, there is a head office meeting with every branch to present reports

about planning for next term, and a direction of the plan is decided in the second

week. In the third and fourth week, every manager in each branch makes a detailed

report and budget according to the plan. Then, the managers liaise with the

instructors and make a schedule for the programs and create a catalogue for the

next term. In the seventh week, the managers give a report, budget and catalogue

for next term to a head manager and the head manager checks them and confirms

them. From the eighth week, the culture centres accepts the registration of programs

for next term. In the eleventh and twelfth week, a rough research for the semester

term two semesters terms later is started. In addition, every managers checks

applicants and decides whether or not to opening or cancelling and then they give a

report to head office.

According to Koonts and O’Donnell (1972:46-57), there are five management

processes of planning, organising, staffing, directing and controlling. Then, putting

the management structures of E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre in to the Koonts

and O’Donnell’s model, the management processes of E-Mart Culture Centre is like

that; planning - organising - directing -– staffing - controlling and then planning again.

-How day-to-day tasks are carried out

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Tasks of each employee are decided by their position. In the culture centre team in

the head office, there are four members; a head manager who acts as a team leader,

a manager and two assistant managers. The team leader manages personnel and

takes overall responsibility for E-Mart Culture Centre. The manager controls every

branch to operate smoothly. Moreover, one assistant manager takes a responsibility

for programs in all branches and another manages budgets. Head office makes

workdoes everything to foropeningof a new branch.

In E-Mart Culture Centre in Sacheon, day-to-day tasks are decided by every term

schedule. Moreover, each staffsevery staff group have their own exclusive tasks and

hence all staffs work according to their tasks. The manager takes charge on of

overall planning and management of the centre in Sacheon. The assistant manager

handles all tasks for the operation of the centre. One member of staff helps the

manager and the assistant manager, and another is in charge in of setting of the

classrooms. When all staffs carry out their charged tasks, the culture centre is able

to operate smoothly. In other words, all tasks are accomplished for the smooth

functioning of the culture centre.

-How do the lines of communication work?

The lines of communication work by the relationship between subordinates and

superiors. Head office manages every branchs of E-Mart and each branch is

managed by the directions of the head office. There are positions in every

department, according to the positions each employee’s role is decided. Normally, a

person who holds a high position has a the right of decision-making of for every

project in the organisation. In this context, there is a single line of communication in

the centre. (Boone and Kurtz, 2011:241-243)

-How do departments or sections fit together?

When looked at as a whole, all departments of E-Mart have their own roles and

responsibilities which are needed for E-mart to be operated effectively. These all All

departments carry out their roles and responsibilities by the wholeas per the policy.

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As seen in the organisational structure of E-Mart, departments of personnel,

financeial, general and judicial affairs take charge of their own specialised works,

and these are interacting with each other. Therefore, to achieve one purpose of E-

Mart, a smooth communication is needed among all departments. Each department

has its own responsibilitiesy, rights and dutiesy under one purpose. These helps a

quick decision making, and it is due to this that all departments do not need to report

their daily tasks to a superior office. (Rao, 2006:134-135) One big planning is

decided by executives, and then all departments carry out tasks for that plannin by

using their specialties.

As seen in upper textpreviously mentioned, the task processes of E-Mart culture

Culture centre Centre in Sacheon are also progressed by in the same way as E-Mart.

When the culture centre receives one planning from the head office, they divide their

tasks to achieve the planning by using their specialty and position. Each employee

could be one section. Then, each section carries out its daily tasks with its

responsibility responsibilities under the one command. The sections are in a

complementary relationship under the one command and, therefore, they arefit

together with their specialty.

-Is there provision for the organisation or individuals to develop and learn?

There are various training services for all employees in E-Mart such as language

classes, library, reading communication and cyber learning classes. These services

support for the individuals into improvinge their specialty. Through language classes,

E-Mart trains globally talented people. In addition, by through cyber learning classes,

individuals are able to develop specialtiesy and capabilitiesy. Through reading

communication, individuals improve their creativity and imagination. E-Mart also

offers rewards by for individuals’ capability and outcome. This reward system

encourages employees to try to improve their capabilities.

(http://job.shinsegae.com/job_intro/emart/emart04.jsp)

-A metaphor for the management progress of the whole organisation.

I think that having a wedding is a useful example to describe the process of

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management in E-Mart and E-Mart Culture Centre. There is a A couple to is havinge

a wedding. Here the couple should be a manager for the wedding. Firstly, the couple

make a rough plan for the wedding, considering possible dates, place, concept, and

so on. Then, they draw a detailed picture for the wedding, organising categories

which are works to be needed for to prepareing the wedding. There might be works a

need to work onabout food, flowers, dress, pictures, and music and so on. Then, a

detailed plan might be made with a budget. Next The next step is to find

professionals for the workscapable of fulfilling the needs of the wedding and that fit

according to the budget and then they decide which professionals who wouldwill

carry out each categorised jobworks. The professionals might be musicians, florists,

chef and a photo artist. Then, the couple make their requests to the professionals

what they want and check whether or not each job would be the workareconducted

well or not. After all these processes are done, they would have a good wedding

ceremony which they designed.

As having for a wedding, the progress of management in E-Mart Culture Centre is

progressed. At the first, it makes plan for the next term and organising tasks

according to the plan. Then, the centre finds teachers for newly designed lectures

and makes a detailed plan with a budget. The centre directs works for each lecturer

and controls them under the plan. This process is applicable to the head office of E-

Mart and each branch.

CONTEXT

Place the organisation in context, this will mean reviewing it against sector

developments, or it may mean that you reference writings on consumer behaviour or

whatever else is relevant for your placement. This is an opportunity to look beyond

the immediate experience in the organisation.

Handy (1996:13-35) describes the culture of management with four gods in Greek

mythology. The four gods are Zeus, Apollo, Athena and Dionysus. (Handy,1996:13-

35) Charles Handy explains that Zeus represents the club culture, Apollo represents

the role culture, Athena represents the task culture and Dionysus represents the

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existentialist culture. (Handy,1996:13-35) Considering the culture of management of

E-Mart with these four gods, E-Mart is close to Zeus in its whole structure. Therefore,

making a decision is quick and each department empathises familiar relation among

employees. Apollonian organisation is seen in each department of E-Mart, for

example, employees have their own roles and positions. Moreover, their tasks are

decided by the certain positions. A person who is in top position is in charge of

making decisions. In each branch of E-Mart, branch managers are in Athena, task

culture. The branch managers are hired by their capabilities. Moreover they are

contract workers, and evaluated often according to their records. Lastly, finance and

judicial affairs show Dionysus. The individuals in these departments are

professionals in their specialised area, and have a the power to make a decisions by

themselves. In conclusion, E-Mart shows the four gods in their management culture.

According to Charles Handy (1996), the four cultures of gods should be balanced for

an organisation to operate well. In this context, E-Mart seems a good organisation by

having the four cultures.

WORKING CONTEXT AND EXPERIENCE GAINED

-Motivation and the Reason why I chose E-Mart Culture Centre

First of all, the reason why I chose E-mart Culture Centre is that the centre is a

lifelong education organisation affiliated with E-Mart. In other words, the main

business of E-Mart is as a big supermarket, and the culture centre is operated by

one of the marketing strategies. Moreover, the culture centre is a non-profit

organisation to and offers various cultural classes and events to local people and

the E-Mart is a commercial business. The main consumers of the supermarket are

housewives and they come to the supermarket to buy daily necessitaries and food

for their family. In this context, the supermarket is only a place for people to consume

commercial products. However, E-Mart operates a culture centre and offers their

consumers various cultural classes and events. By this point, E-Mart satisfies

consumers to have two places for consuming and enjoying leisure time. As an

entrepreneur in of the future, I was motivated by this company which operates two

Comment [.3]: This sentence in not clear

you need to rewrite this sentence?

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places on relation coexistence.

-What I wanted to get through this internship

Before I worked in E-Mart Culture Centre, I decided set several goals to get achieve

during the my internship. First of all, I wanted to know the process whereby that

intangible cultural education becomes to a form of products. Moreover, I also would

wanted to search the consumer behaviour through the classes and events which are

offered by the culture centre, and then, catch thatdetermine how the classes and

events lead for consumers to consume other products. In other words, I would like to

know that how to operate a culture centre, as one of the marketing strategies, and

what effects bring ondevelop consumers behaviour. Lastly, I would search roles and

tasks for operating a culture centre. To sum up, I wanted to search products,

consumers, and employees through this internship.

-The description what I have done forof E-Mart Culture Centre in Sacheon

I worked for E-Mart Culture Centre in Sacheon, as an assistant of the manager. I

went to work twice a week, on Tuesday and Friday, and I worked for 8 hours a day

from 9 a.m. to 6p.m. All tasks in the centre are focus on the classes, hence, I worked

according to the schedule of the classes.

General Office Work

There were always various classes and events in the centre. Thus, I mainly did to

prepared brochures related to each class and event, and I was in a charge of a basic

and simple customer call service, and I also I gave information about classes to

people who come came to the centre and offered materials like catalogues which

customers wanted to have. Sometimes, classes were cancelled by for several

reasons like weather, teachers’ personal circumstances and public holidays, and

then I rang round the attandeesattendees of the class to inform them of the

cancellation. Moreover, I did basic document tasks like making reports, organising

various documents and copying them.

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Organising & Setting Class Rooms

Normally, I organised and cleaned every class rooms before starting classes with

one staff member. It is needed necessary to change class rooms according to each

classes, it is the fact thatand there are four rooms in the centre.

On Tuesday, there were classes for babies and children which are were ‘Clay Art’,

‘Everyday Kids Sports Day’ and ‘Kids’ English Gym’., Ffor adults, especially for

housewives, there were which are ‘easy to learn pencil potraitportrait’, ‘Traditional

Boudoir Craft’, ‘Felt Craft’, ‘The Art of the Handwritten Letter’ and ‘Ribbob Ribbon

Craft’. Furthermore, there were the courses for various licenses:, which are ‘Oral

Narration of a Fairy Tale’, ‘Clay Art’, ‘European Florist’, ‘Gift Packing & Ribbon’, and

‘POP Handwritten Letter’.

On Friday, there were classes for adults which are were ‘Jum-Sun Park’s Luxury

Cooking Class’, ‘Making Socks Doll’, ‘Making Soap and Cosmetics Using Natural

Materials’, ‘Oriental Painting’, ‘Making Clothes’, ‘Making Kids Clothes’, ‘Home

fashion’, ‘Healing Yoga’ and ‘Diet Dance’. In addition, as a license programs, there

are were ‘I Leader School’s Experience math teacher’ and ‘Napkin Art Teacher’.,

Mmoreover, for children, ‘Performance Art Playground’, ‘Book Art : Making my own

style book’ and ‘ Creative art class through famous painting’ were held.

-Other works

*When I went to work as an intern at for the first time, it was a registration period

which is was very busy and has I had a lot of work to do. In thise period, I helped the

assistant manager by organising things for the registration.

*I wrote a report about ideas for a new program and event.

*I researched references for various programs

-Analysis of the Skills what I have learned

*Organisational skills

E-Mart culture Culture centre Centre is operated on a program basis. It is the a fact

20

that the centre is a cultural education organisation. Therefore, the order of tasks is

prioritised by the schedule of programs. I did tasks about regarding the programs

first, like classroom setting and checking for any class cancelations of classes. Then,

I carried out other tasks what the manager gave me. Firstly, what I have gotten

gained in organisational skills is to decide the order of priority in all tasks. The order

of tasks is decided on a the purpose of an organisation, therefore the tasks close to

the purpose should be done first.

*Communication skills

My communication skills have been improved through consumers’ telephone

inquiries. To communicate with customers, I needed to practice the basic phone

etiquette of E-Mart. Moreover, I listened carefully about what customers wanted and I

tried to solve their problems. I learned two communication skills: . One thing is

goodphone etiquette and another is listening.

*Programming

The manager asked me to suggest new ideas about for programs, so I tried to come

up with various ideas. To do this the idea work, I searched various cultural news and

books. Then I made developed an idea to be documentation to help understanding.

This process made me to understand how to start programming.

-Thoughts

This internship was helpful and made me to get diverse experiences in the real

working place. It was a good opportunity for me to learn about that how the an

organisation works and what tasks need to beare done for it. By facing real tasks in a

work place, I realised the difference between imagination and real activities. I

thought that a non-profit organisation does not need to make profits, however, by

doing this internship, I got to know that a non-profit organisation is also needsed

management strategies and profit structure.

To be an entrepreneur, it is important to make marketing strategies and analyse

management, whatever a company’s type. In addition, I realised that I need to have

a lot of knowledge in diverse areas to run a business.

Comment [.4]: Rewrite this sentence as

it is not clear.

21

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE FUTURE

-Recommendations for E-Mart (Lee,2007)

Creative management has been a big topic in Korea. (Kim,2013) According to John

Howkins,(2001) creative management is to vitalises manufacturing, the service

industry and distribution industry with a new idea, that is creativity. In other words,

the creative ideas with unlimited imagination and opened thinking lead to the

success of companies. Therefore, to improve the management processes of E-Mart,

creative management should be needed. To be a creative organisation, E-Mart

should make groups to communicate freely among individuals. Firstly, E-Mart should

move toward a boundary-less organisation, this means that employees could can

think by themselves and voice a variety of opinions when the boundaries in

organisations and individuals are pulled down. (Skorstad and Ramsdl, 2009:175-177)

Moreover, this leads for the employees to self develop in an atmosphere of freedom.

Secondly, E-Mart should build up federalism. (Handy, 2001:71-74) Federalism is that

an organisation that is able to protect individuals’ identity with when keeping one

organisational system. (Handy, 2001:71-74) Moreover, an organisation has two

efficiencies of centralisation and decentralisation. (Handy, 2001:71-74) Thirdly, E-

Mart needs to operate a matrix system. (Milne, 2004) As seen upper contextabove,

E-Mart has the a single communication line system. The single line could can be

quick and correct, . Hhowever, it is not fit suitable for a complicated organisation.

Therefore, E-Mart should make several communication lines between consumers

and the right section, local and the right section, and section and section under the

main decision making line. In To conclude, E-Mart should take a leap to become a

global company with creative management whereich employees display their abilities.

Recommendations for E-Mart Culture Centre in Sacheon

First of all, E-Mart Culture Centre is a lifelong educational organisation. Therefore,

the education programs are one of the important elements needed to achieve the

goals of the Centrecentre. Firstly, the programs are limited in diversity, thus the

centre should develop many programs in various artistic genres. Moreover, ways of

22

education are have stayed in an existing format; therefore the centre needs to try

more creative ways for cultural education. Secondly, the centre should expand the

participants. The existing programs are dominated by the target group of housewives

and children. However, to approach the this mission, the centre needs to develop

programs for more diverse age groups. Finally, the centre should offer various

cultural information and references for local people to encounter cultural education

more easily. Moreover, the participation rate could increase by building a community

for participants. This community would help for participants to connect continuously

with the centre.

.

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Comment [u5]: This looks strange I have

never seen this before - check with

whatever referencing style you are using

23

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APPENDICES These may contain examples of work produced or an organisational

chart of the project line of management.

증명서/법/카달로그/ 강의실 사진/ 통계자료