International Training program for young researcher （ITP）

Microbial induced carbonate precipitation

for the remediation of soil and geo-environment

Akiko NAKANO, PhD (Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Kyushu University)

Supervised by Dr. Leon van Paassen

Technical University of Delft in the Netherlands

1. Asia preliminary survey

Water Resource University

(Hanoi, Vietnam)

24.AUG.2011~ 31.AUG.2011

• Water Resource University （Hanoi, Vietnam）

Thai Nguyen

Thai Nguyen Province (North of Hanoi) 100km north from Hanoi central city paddy field, corn and tea field

Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry

Dr. Nguyen Thi Thu Hang

Lecturer, PhD

• Erosion and collapse of slope area

Polluted river in Hanoi central city

2. EU Training Microbiological calcium carbonate precipitation

for ground improvement, “BioGrout”

Technical University of Delft (Delft, the Netherlands)

01. SEP. 2011 ~ 17. FEB. 2012

Supervised by Dr. Leon van PAASSEN (Delft University of Technology) Dr. Wouter van der STAR (Deltares, the Netherlands)

Dr. Leon van Paassen Assistant Professor

Dr. Wouter van der Star Principal Investigator

Dr. Timo Heimovaara Professor

Technical University of Delft (the Netherlands) Deltares (Delft, the Netherlands) Sep. 2011~May . 2012 (8months)

Grouting is a process whereby fluid materials such as chemical grout or cement material are injected into the subsurface soil or rock by using high pressure hydraulic pump.

Grouting is effective primarily for the improvement of soil strength and prevention of excessive settlement by filling the voids with some type of grouting materials .

Advantage: 1. Applicable for the ground

where any structures and buildings already exist .

Disadvantage: 1. High Cost 2. Influence for the

surrounding environment

What is Grouting?

In recent years, the innovative technique has lead to several investigations. That is based on microbial induced carbonate

precipitation, known as “Bio-Grout” .

-New grouting technique- Microbial induced carbonate precipitation

“Bio-Grouting”

Natural phenomenon of Bio cementation

Coral

Calcium carbonate stone at seashore

Limestone cave

BioGrout process (BioGrouting / Biocementation)

• nontoxic microorganisms (bacteria) instead of cement and/or chemical grout as grouting material

• Inorganic carbonate minerals (e.g. CaCO3) induced by bacterial catalysis with addition of some substrates for the reaction (= BioGrout)

urease positive bacteria － Most common process in recent Bio Grout researches

nitrifying/denitrifying bacteria Yeast another reducing bacteria for specific elements (e.g. iron Fe and sulfate SO4

2-)

Basic idea of BioGrouting by Urease positive bacteria

Urease positive bacteria

Ca2+

Effect of Bio Grout

It is expected that this technique will be various potential application for natural soil environment, soil foundation and construction.

• Liquefaction prevention

• Building settlement reduction

• Scour/Erosion prevention

• Bluff and slope stabilization

• Impermeable and reactive barriers

• Groundwater protection

• Emergency immobilization

• Aquifer storage and recovery

• Etc….

Bioreactor: Incubation of urease positive bacteria （Sporosarcina Pasteurii （DSM 33））

Column test

Water Flow 1 pv

(= 4.5 L) Per

40-50 min

Blank After Bio Grouting

NOT cemented (low or no CaCO3)

Well cemented (high CaCO3

concentration)

Launched by Deltares

Potential Application for Piping Construction

3. Asia Training

Water Resource University (Hanoi, Vietnam)

10.AUG.2012 ~ 21.AUG.2012

Supervised by Dr. Pham Huu Sy

Required research field for BioGrout

• Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology

• Marine Bio Chemical Institute

• Water Resources University

• Hanoi University of Mining and Geology

• Geotechnical Institute

Microbiology

Biotechnology

Geo-technology

Geology

Bio-Geo-technology