International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables: Citrus Fruits

Trade and Agriculture

International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables

Citrus

Electronic version(English)

The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Organisation or of the Governments of its Member Countries.

For more information on the Scheme, see http://www.oecd.org/tad/fv.

http://www.oecd.org/tad/fv

International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables: Citrus Fruits

UN/ECE Standard text + OECD InterpretationThe text is based on document TRADE/WP.7/GE.1/2004/25/Add.7 (the UN/ECE Standard for Citrus Fruit) as amended in accordance with ECE/TRADE/C/WP.7/2008/3 (the UNECE Standard Layout for Fresh Fruit and Vegetables adopted by the Working Party during its 64th session) and contains the amendments proposed by the OECD Working Group for Citrus.

The official UNECE text of the standard is in blue bold.The OECD explanatory text is in normal italics.

Definition of Product IndexGrading Tables– Oranges – Easy Peelers – Lemons & Limes – Grapefruit & Pummelos

Illustrations Index– Oranges – Easy Peelers – Lemons & Limes – Grapefruit & Pummelos


UN/ECE Standard + OECD Interpretation

I. Definition of produce II. Quality requirementsA. Minimum requirementsB. Minimum maturity

requirementsC. Classification

III. SizingA. Minimum sizeB. Size scalesC. Uniformity

IV. TolerancesA. Quality tolerancesB. Size tolerances

V. PresentationA. UniformityB. Packaging

VI. Marking

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Illustrations IndexI. “Definition of Product”II. OrangesII. Easy PeelersII. Lemons & LimesII. Grapefruit & PummelosIII. Sizing

Oranges / Easy Peelers / Lemons and Limes

V. PresentationExtra Class / Class I / Class II / Presentation – Other / Sales Packages

VI. MarkingHome Index: Text Index: Illustrations


“Definition of Product” IndexOranges– Navel / Washington– Moro / Blood Orange– Sanguinelli / Blood Orange– Shamouti– Navel – Late– Navel – Lane Late

Easy Peelers– Navelinas– Or– Clemenules– Novas– Satsumas

Lemons and Limes– Eureka Allen

Grapefruit– Red / Star Ruby– Sweetie / Marsh

Pummelo– Chandler– White / Goliath



Illustrations Index: OrangesExternal ColourDefects in ShapeProtruding NavelsInternal NavelsRibbed NavelsSkin texture-smooth/roughScratchingRubbingSuperficial Light Coloured Silver Scurfs **Superficial Dark Coloured Silver Scurfs **CreasingSunburnHail damageStalks

Shriveling/Wrinkles (Aging)**Chilling injuries **Scale insects (presence) **Scale insects (damage) **Rust mite damageThrips damageCicada damage **Alternaria damage **Fruit fly damage (Infertile)Fruit fly damage (Fertile) **Brown rotGreen mould

Grading Table: Oranges

** NB: Easy Peelers illustration used for this parameter

Healed injuries **Torn stem-endsSooty Mould ("Unclean")Presence of Foreign matter (copper/soiling)Spray damage **Pitting (Superficial)Torn navelsUnhealed injuries **Oil spotting (Oleocellosis)Internal frost damagePuffed fruit **Stem-end breakdown **Pitting (Non-Superficial)

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Illustrations Index: Easy PeelersExternal ColourDefects in ShapeSkin texture-smooth/roughRibbingRingsScratching *RubbingSuperficial Light Coloured Silver ScurfsSuperficial Dark Coloured Silver ScurfsCreasing *SunburnHail damage *Stalks *

Shrivelling/Wrinkles (Aging)Chilling injuriesScale insects (presence)Scale insects (damage)Rust mite damage *Thrips damage *Cicada damageAlternaria damageFruit fly damage (Infertile) *Fruit fly damage (Fertile)Brown rotGreen mould

Grading Table: Easy Peelers

* NB: Oranges illustration used for this parameter

Healed injuriesTorn stem-ends *Sooty Mould ("Unclean")Presence of Foreign matterSpray damagePitting (Superficial) *Drying damage of the skinTorn navels *Unhealed injuriesOil spotting (Oleocellosis)External frost damageInternal frost damagePuffed fruitStem-end breakdownPitting (Non-Superficial) *

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Illustrations Index: Lemons & LimesExternal ColourDefects in ShapeShape of Styler EndGreen Styler EndSkin texture-smooth/roughSuperficial Light Coloured Silver ScurfsStalks *Healed injuriesSooty Mould ("Unclean")Presence of Foreign matter (copper/soiling) */**Unhealed injuries

Oil spotting (Oleocellosis): Green skin Oil spotting (Oleocellosis): Yellow skin External frost damageInternal frost damageAging fruitScale insects (presence)Canker (Xhantomona)Black pitBrown rot */**Green mould */**

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Grading Table: Lemons

* NB: Oranges illustration used for this parameter** NB: Easy Peelers illustration used for this parameter


Illustrations Index: Grapefruit & PummelosExternal Colour

– Grapefruit Star Ruby – Grapefruit Sweetie-

Marsh – Pummelo Chandler – Pummelo Goliath

Internal Colour – Pummelo ChandlerDefects in Shape

– Grapefruit Star Ruby – Pummelo Chandler – Pummelo Goliath

Peel thickness – Pummelo ChandlerPips-Seeds - Pummelo Scratching - Grapefruit

External frost damageInternal frost damageMiner-fly damage Mealy bugs (Damage) Scale insects (presence)

– Grapefruit Star Ruby – Pummelo Chandler

Fruit fly damage (Infertile) *Fruit fly damage (Fertile) **Brown rot */**Green mould */**Moth damage

– Grapefruit Star Ruby – Pummelo Chandler

Grading Table: Grapefruit/Pummelos

* NB: Oranges illustration used for this parameter** NB: Easy Peelers illustration used for this parameter

Superficial Silver Scurfs- Grapefruit Star Ruby - Pummelo Chandler - Pummelo Goliath

Sunburn– Grapefruit Star Ruby – Pummelo Goliath

Stalks *Healed injuries Torn stem-ends Sooty Mould ("Unclean")Presence of Foreign matter (copper/soiling) */**Unhealed injuriesOil spotting (Oleocellosis)

– Grapefruit Star Ruby – Grapefruit Sweetie-Marsh – Pummelo Goliath

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Grading TablesOranges 1 / 2

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Grading TableEasy Peelers 1 / 2

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Grading TableEasy Peelers 1 / 2

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Grading TableLemons & Limes

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Grading TableGrapefruit & Pummelo 1 / 2

Index: Grapefruit/Pummelos

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Grading TableGrapefruit & Pummelo 1 / 2


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I. Definition of ProduceThis standard applies to the following fruit, classified as "citrus fruit", to be supplied

fresh to the consumer, citrus fruit for industrial processing being excluded:lemons of varieties (cultivars) grown from the species Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.limes of varieties (cultivars) grown from the species Citrus latifolia (Yu. Tanaka) Tanaka which is a large fruited acid lime known also as Bearss, Persian, Tahiti and its hybrids.mandarins (Citrus reticulata Blanco), including satsumas (Citrus unshiu Marcow.), clementines (Citrus clementina hort. ex Tanaka), common mandarins (Citrus deliciosaTen.) and tangerines (Citrus tangerina hort. ex Tanaka) grown from these species and its hybrids.oranges of varieties (cultivars) grown from the species Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck .grapefruit of the varieties (cultivars) grown from the species Citrus paradisi Macfad. and its hybrids. pummelos or Shaddock of varieties (cultivars) grown from the species Citrus maxima(Burm.) Merr. and their hybrids.



II. Provisions Concerning QualityThe purpose of the standard is to define the quality requirements of the citrus fruit at the

export control stage, after preparation and packaging.However, if applied at stages following export, products may show in relation to the

requirements of the standard:A slight lack of freshness and turgidityFor products graded in classes other than the “Extra” Class, a slight deterioration due to their development and their tendency to perish.

The holder/seller of products may not display such products or offer them for sale, or deliver or market them in any manner other than in conformity with this standard. The holder shall be responsible for observing such conformity.



II. Provisions Concerning QualityA. Minimum Requirements

In all classes, subject to the special provisions for each class and the tolerances allowed, the citrus fruit must be:intact:

– means not having any mutilation or injury spoiling the integrity of the fruit, such as cuts or punctures or other significant physical damage sustained during harvesting or post harvest handling.

free of bruising and/or extensive healed over cuts– the fruit must be practically free of oleocellosis, bruises and / or extensive healed over

cuts.– Oleocellosis: or rind-oil spotting. The result of impact or compression damages the skin

and causes green or brown discolouration.sound; produce affected by rotting or deterioration such as to make it unfit for consumption is excluded

– the fruit must be free from disease or serious deterioration which appreciably affects its appearance, edibility, or market value. In particular, this excludes produce affected by rotting, even if the signs are very slight but liable to make the produce unfit for consumption upon arrival at its destination.



II. Provisions Concerning QualityA. Minimum requirements

Clean practically free of any visible foreign matter– citrus fruit must be practically free of visible soil, dust, chemical residues or other visible

foreign matter.Practically free from pests

– Citrus fruit must be practically free from insects, mites or any other pests. The presence of pests can detract from the commercial presentation and acceptance of the fruit.

Free from damage caused by pests affecting the flesh– Citrus fruit must be free from damage caused by insects, mites or any other pests that

affects the fruit flesh. Pest damage affecting the flesh makes the produce unfit for consumption.

Free of signs of internal shrivelling– Damage cause by evaporation of water from the fruit due to extreme temperature.

Free of damage caused by low temperature or frost– Damage caused by frost prior to harvest or by chilling due to low temperature during

storage or transportation.




Free of any foreign smell and/or taste.– this refers particularly to citrus fruit which have been stored on badly kept premises or have

travelled in a badly maintained vehicle, especially fruit which has acquired strong smell from other produce stored on the same premises or travelling in the same vehicle.

– It does not refer to any smell emanating from products used in conformity with the regulations for their use to improve keeping properties. For example, care should be taken to use only non-smelling materials as protection in packaging.

The citrus fruit must have reached an appropriate degree of development and ripeness, account being taken of criteria proper to the variety, the time of picking and the growing are.The development and condition of the citrus fruit must be such as to enable them:– To withstand transport and handling, and– To arrive in satisfactory condition at the place of destination.




Citrus fruit meeting this ripeness requirement may be "degreened". This treatment is permitted only if the other natural organoleptic characteristics are not modified.

The state of ripeness must allow the fruit to withstand transport and handling and to arrive in satisfactory condition at the place of destination.

The fruit must have reached an appropriate degree of development and ripeness in accordance with criteria proper to the variety and the area in which they are grown.

The degree of colouring shall be such that following normal progress of colour change, the citrus fruit reach their normal variety colour.

Citrus fruit meeting this ripeness requirement may by “degreened”. This treatment is permitted only if the other natural organoleptic characteristics are not modified.



II. Provisions Concerning QualityB. Minimum Maturity Requirements

Maturity of citrus fruit is defined by the following parameters specified for each species below:

1. Minimum juice contentA reference method to determine the juice content is described in the Guidance on Objective Test to Determine Quality of Fruit and Vegetables and Dry and Dried Produce(http://www.oecd.org/agr/fv ).

2. Minimum total soluble solids content (TSS), i.e. minimum sugar contentA reference method to determine the refractometric index (TSS) is described in the Guidance on Objective Test to Determine Quality of Fruit and Vegetables and Dry and Dried Produce(http://www.oecd.org/agr/fv ).

3. Colouring

Home Index: Text Index: IllustrationsLemons & Limes / Easy Peelers / Oranges / Grapefruit & Pummelos

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Maturity of citrus fruit is defined by the following parameters specified for each species below:

1. Minimum juice content2. Minimum total soluble solids content (TSS), i.e. minimum sugar content3. Colouring

The degree of colouring shall be such that, following normal development the citrus fruit reach the colour typical of the variety at their destination point.Colour is a progressive parameter. The transport conveyance time and/or means may be taken into consideration when inspecting fruit at the export control point.De – greeningThe minimum colouring prescribed by this standard may in some cases be obtained at the dispatch stage by "de-greening".It should, however, be emphasized that this practice should be applied only to remove the green colour and obtain a uniform colour, without affecting any of the fruit's natural characteristics.Consequently:

1. only fruit showing the required degree of development and ripeness may be de-greened.2. the operation must be performed in such a way that the fruit's intrinsic characteristics are not at all affected.3. when the operation is completed the "de-greened" fruit is equivalent to naturally coloured fruit, according to the

requirements in the standard.Lemons & Limes / Easy Peelers / Oranges / Grapefruit & Pummelos




Lemons Minimum juice content

Verdelli and Primofiore lemons 20%

Other lemons 25%

Colouring

Must be typical of the variety. However fruit with a green (but not dark green) colour are allowed provided they satisfy the minimum requirements as to juice content.

Limes Minimum juice content 42%

Colouring

Must be typical of the variety on at least two-thirds of the total fruit surface. The fruit should be green but may show discolouring (yellow patches) up to 30% of its surface.

Lemons & Limes / Easy Peelers / Oranges / Grapefruit & Pummelos




Satsumas, clementines, other mandarin varieties and their hybridsMinimum juice content

Satsumas, other mandarin varieties and their hybrids

33%

Clementines 40%

ColouringMust be typical of the variety on at least one-third of the surface of the fruit.





Oranges Minimum juice contentBlood oranges 30%Navels group 33%Other varieties 35%

ColouringMust be typical of the variety. However, fruit with light green colour not exceeding one-fifth of the total surface area of the fruit are allowed, provided they satisfy the minimum requirements as to juice content mentioned above. Oranges produced in areas with high temperatures and high relative humidity conditions during the developing period having a green colour exceeding one-fifth of the surface area of the fruit are allowed provided they satisfy the minimum requirements as to juice content mentioned below.

Minimum juice contentMosambi, Sathgudi and Pacitan 33%

Other varieties 45%Reservation of Israel: A minimum sugar/acid ratio of 6.0:1 for oranges and 5.5:1 for pigmented oranges should be included in the standard.





Grapefruit and its hybrids

Minimum juice content 33%

Minimum sugar content (TSS)

Oroblanco 9%

Colouring

Must be typical of the variety. However, fruit with a greenish colour (green in Oroblanco) are allowed, provided they satisfy the minimum requirements as to juice content.

Pummelos (Shaddock) and their hybrids

Minimum sugar content (TSS) 8%

Colouring

Must be typical of the variety on at least two-thirds of the surface of the fruit.




II. Provisions Concerning QualityC. Classification

Citrus fruit are classified in three classes defined below:“Extra” Class / Class I / Class II(i) "Extra" ClassCitrus fruit in this class must be of superior quality. In shape, external appearance,

development and colouring they must be characteristic of the variety and/or commercial type.

They must be free from defects with the exception of very slight superficial defects, provided these do not affect the general appearance of the produce, the quality, the keeping quality and presentation in the package.




Citrus fruit are classified in three classes defined below:“Extra” Class / Class I / Class II(ii) Class ICitrus fruit in this class must be of good quality. They must be characteristic of

the variety and/or commercial type.Class I quality requirements are less strict than for “Extra” class.

The following slight defects, however, may be allowed, provided these do not affect the general appearance of the produce, the quality, the keeping quality and presentation in the package:slight defect in shapeslight defect in colouringslight skin defects occurring during the formation of the fruit, such as silver scurfs, russets, pest damage, etc.slight healed defects due to a mechanical cause such as hail damage, rubbing, damage from handling, etc.




Citrus fruit are classified in three classes defined below:“Extra” Class / Class I / Class II(iii) Class IIThis class includes citrus fruit which do not qualify for inclusion in the higher classes but

satisfy the minimum requirements specified above.Citrus fruit in this class must be of reasonable quality and are suitable for human consumption.. .

The following defects may be allowed, provided the citrus fruit retain their essential characteristics as regards the quality, the keeping quality and presentation:defect in shapedefect in colouringskin defects occurring during the formation of the fruit, such as silver scurfs, russets, etc.healed defects due to a mechanical cause such as hail damage, rubbing, damage from handling, etc.superficial healed skin alterationsrough skina slight and partial detachment of the peel (or rind) for oranges and a partial detachment of the peel (or rind) for fruit of the mandarin group.



III. Provisions Concerning SizingSize is determined by the maximum diameter of the equatorial section of the fruit.A. Minimum SizeFruit of less than the following minimum sizes are excluded:

Lemons 45 mmLimes 42 mmSatsumas,other mandarin varieties and their hybrids

45 mm

Clementines 35 mmOranges 53 mmGrapefruit and its hybrids 70 mmPummelos and their hybrids 100 mm

B. Size scalesLemons & Limes / Easy Peelers / Oranges / Grapefruit & Pummelos

Citrus fruit may be packed by count. In this case, provided the size uniformity required by the standard is retained, the size range in the package may fall outside a single size code, but within two adjacent codes.



III. Provisions Concerning SizingB. Size Scales

Lemons LimesSize Code Diameter in mm Size Code Diameter in mm

0 79 - 90

1 72 - 83 1 58 – 67

2 68 - 78 2 53 – 62

3 63 - 72 3 48 – 57

4 58 - 67 4 45 – 52

5 53 - 62 5 42 – 49

6 48 - 57

7 45 - 52




Satsumas, clementines, and other mandarin varieties and their hybrids Oranges

Size Code Diameter in mm Size Code Diameter in mm1 - XXX 78 and above 0 92 – 1101 - XX 67 - 78 1 87 – 1001 or 1 - X 63 - 74 2 84 – 962 58 - 69 3 81 – 923 54 - 64 4 77 – 884 50 - 60 5 73 – 845 46 - 56 6 70 – 806* 43 - 52 7 67 – 767 41 - 48 8 64 – 738 39 - 46 9 62 – 709 37 - 44 10 60 – 6810 35 - 42 11 58 – 66

12 56 – 6313 53 – 60



* Sizes below 45 mm refer only to clementines.





Grapefruit and its hybrids Pummelos and their hybridsSize Code Diameter in mm Size Code Diameter in mm0 >139 0 >1701 109 – 139 1 156 – 1702 100 – 119 2 148 – 1623 93 – 110 3 140 – 1544 88 – 102 4 132 – 1465 84 – 97 5 123 – 1386 81 – 93 6 116 – 1297 77 – 89 7 100 – 1188 73 – 859 70 – 80



III. Provisions Concerning SizingC. Uniformity

Uniformity in size is achieved by the above mentioned size scales, unless otherwise stated as follows:

(i) For fruit arranged in regular layers in the package, including unit consumer packages, the maximum difference between the smallest and the largest fruit, within a single size code or, in the case of citrus fruit packed by count, within two adjacent codes, must not exceed the following maxima: (go to table)

(ii) For fruit not arranged in regular layers in packages and in individual rigid packages for direct sale to the consumer, the difference between the smallest and the largest fruit in the same package must not exceed the range of the appropriate size code in the size scale or, in the case of citrus fruit packed by count, the range in mm of one of the two adjacent consecutive size codes concerned.

(iii) For fruit in bulk bins and fruit in individual non-rigid (nets, bags,...) packages for direct sale to the consumer, the difference between the smallest and the largest fruit in the same package must not exceed the range obtained by grouping three consecutive size codes in the size scale.



III. Provisions Concerning SizingC. Uniformity - table

Size CodeMaximum difference between fruit in the same package in mm

Lemons 0 – 7 7

Limes 1 – 5 7

Satsumas, clementines, other mandarin varieties and their hybrids

1–XXX - 4 9

5 - 6 8

7 – 10 7

Oranges 0-2 11

3-6 9

7-13 7

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IV. Provisions Concerning TolerancesA. Quality Tolerances

Tolerances in respect of quality and size shall be allowed in each package for produce not satisfying the requirements of the class indicated.Tolerances are provided to allow for deviation in handling and for natural deterioration of fresh produce over time. To determine conformity with tolerances samples are taken according Annex II. of Council decision [reference] Decision on conformity of the lot is taken depending on the percentage of non-conforming produce in the total sample..

A. Quality tolerances“Extra” Class / Class I / Class II



IV. Provisions Concerning TolerancesA. Quality Tolerances

(i) "Extra" ClassA total tolerance of 5 per cent, by number or weight, of citrus fruit not satisfying the requirements of the class but meeting those of Class I is allowed. Within this tolerance not more than 0.5 per cent in total may consist of produce satisfying the requirements of Class II quality.

(ii) Class IA total tolerance of 10 per cent, by number or weight, of citrus fruit not satisfying the requirements of the class, but meeting those of Class II is allowed. Within this tolerance not more than 1 per cent in total may consist of produce satisfying neither the requirements of Class II quality nor the minimum requirements. Produce affected by rotting or any other deterioration rendering it unfit for consumption is excluded.

(iii) Class IIIA total tolerance of 10 per cent, by number or weight, of citrus fruit satisfying neither the requirements of the class nor the minimum requirements is allowed. Produce affected by rotting or any other deterioration rendering it unfit for consumption is excluded.



IV. Provisions Concerning TolerancesB. Size tolerances

B. Size tolerancesFor all classes and types of presentation: a total tolerance of 10 per cent, by number or weight, of citrus fruit corresponding to the size immediately below and/or above that (or those, in the case of the combination of three sizes) mentioned on the package is allowed.In any case, the tolerance of 10 per cent applies only to fruit not smaller than the following minima:

Lemons 43 mmLimes 40 mmSatsumas,other mandarin varieties and their hybrids

43 mm

Clementines 34 mm50 mm

Grapefruit and its hybrids 67 mmPummelos and their hybrids 98 mm



V. Provisions Concerning PresentationA. Uniformity

The contents of each package must be uniform and contain only citrus fruit of the same origin, variety or commercial type, quality, and size, and appreciably of the same degree of ripeness and development.

In addition, for the "Extra" Class, uniformity in colouring is required.The visible part of the contents of the package must be representative of the entire

contents.Presentation should not be misleading. , i.e. concealing in the lower layers of the package produce inferior in quality and size to that displayed and marked.

Sales packages of a net weight not exceeding 3 kilogrammes may contain mixtures of citrus fruit of different species, provided they are uniform in quality and, for each species concerned, they are uniform in origin, variety or commercial type and size, and appreciably of the same degree of ripeness and development.



V. Provisions Concerning PresentationB. Packaging

The citrus fruit must be packed in such a way as to protect the produce properly.Packages must be of a quality, strength and characteristics to protect the fruit during transport and handling.

The materials used inside the package must be new, clean and of a quality such as to avoid causing any external or internal damage to the produce. The use of materials, particularly of paper or stamps bearing trade specifications, is allowed provided the printing or labelling has been done with non-toxic ink or glue.

Stickers individually affixed on the produce shall be such that, when removed, they neither leave visible traces of glue, nor lead to skin defects.

If the fruit are wrapped, thin, dry, new and odourless* paper must be used.The use of any substance tending to modify the natural characteristics of the citrus fruit,

especially its taste or smell*, is prohibited.Packages must be free of all foreign matter. However, a presentation where a short (not

wooden) twig with some green leaves adheres to the fruit is allowed.A visible lack of cleanliness in several packages could result in the produce being rejected.

* The use of preserving agents or any other chemical substance liable to leave a foreign smell on the skin of the fruit is permitted where it is compatible with the regulations of the importing country. Home Index: Text Index: Illustrations


VI. Provisions Concerning MarkingA. Identification

Each package must bear the following particulars, in letters grouped on the same side, legibly and indelibly marked, and visible from the outside.In the case of packed produce, all particulars must be grouped on the same side of the package, either on a label attached to or printed on the package with water-insoluble ink.In the case of reused packages, all previous labels must be carefully removed and previous indications deleted

A. Identification

For inspection purposes, the “packer” is the person or firm responsible for the packaging of the produce (this does not mean the staff who actually carry out the work, who are responsible only to their employer). The code mark is not a trademark, but an official control system enabling the person or firm responsible for packaging to be readily identified. The dispatcher and/or shipper may, assume sole responsibility, in which case identification of the “packer” as defined above is optional.


Packerand/orDispatcher/ shipper

)))

Name and physical address (e.g. street/city/region/postal code and,if different from the country of origin, the country) ora code mark officially recognized by the national authority


VI. Provisions Concerning MarkingB. Nature of produce

Name of the species if the produce is not visible from the outside, except for satsumas, clementines, other mandarin varieties and their hybrids for which the name of the species or variety is compulsory.Name of the variety, for oranges.Name of the type:

– for lemons: the indication "Verdelli" and "Primofiore" where appropriate,– for clementines: the indication “Clementines, pipless”, “Clementines” (1 to 10

pips), “Clementines with pips” (more than 10 pips) where appropriate,– for grapefruit and its hybrids: the indication “pink” or “red” where appropriate,– for pummelos and their hybrids: the indication “pink” or “red” where appropriate.

In case of sales packages containing a mixture of citrus fruit of different species, the names of the different species shall appear in addition to the details listed above.

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VI. Provisions Concerning MarkingC. Origin of produce

Country of origin and, optionally, district where grown, or national, regional or local place name.

In the case of sales packages containing a mixture of citrus fruit of different species of different origins, the indication of each country of origin shall appear next to the name of the species concerned.Marking must include the country of origin, i.e. the country in which the citrus fruit is grown (e.g. Israel, Spain, South Africa). Optionally, district of origin in national, regional or local terms may also be shown.

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VI. Provisions Concerning MarkingD. Commercial specifications & E. Official control mark

D. Commercial specificationsClass.stating the class is compulsorySize code (or, when fruit packed by count fall under two adjacent codes, size codes or minimum and maximum diameter in mm) for fruit presented in accordance with the size scale or the lower and the upper limiting size code in the case of three consecutive sizes of the size scale.Size code (or, when fruit packed by count fall under two adjacent codes, size codes or minimum and maximum diameter in mm) and number of fruit, in the case of fruit arranged in layers in the package.Where appropriate, mention of the preserving agents or other chemical substance used, where such use is compatible with the regulations of the importing country.

E. Official control mark

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1 Definition of ProductOranges - Navel-Washington

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2 Definition of ProductOranges - Moro

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3 Definition of ProductOranges - Sanguinelli

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4 Definition of ProductOranges - Shamouti

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Index: Oranges

5 Definition of ProductNavel Late


6 Definition of ProductOranges - Navel Lane Late

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7 Definition of ProductOranges - Navelinas

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Index: Oranges


8 Definition of ProductEasy Peelers - Or

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9 Definition of ProductEasy Peelers - Clemenules


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10 Definition of ProductEasy Peelers - Novas


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11 Definition of ProductEasy Peelers - Satsumas


12 Definition of ProductLemons - Eureka Allen

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13 Definition of ProductGrapefruit - Red / Star Ruby

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14 Definition of ProductGrapefruit - Sweetie-Marsh

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15 Definition of ProductPummelos - Chandler

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16 Definition of ProductPummelos – White / Goliath

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20 External Colour - oranges

Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade Notes

External Colour

Non-Tropical: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 6, 7, 8 Uniformity: only 3 adjacent colour degrees allowed within the same consignmentTropical: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 8

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21 Defects in Shape - oranges

Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesDefects in Shape 1, 2 3, 4 5, 6, 7 8

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Limit allowed Extra Class

Limit allowed Class I

Limit allowed Class II


22 Protruding Navels - oranges

Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesProtruding Navels 1, 2 3 4, 5 6

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23 Internal Navels - oranges

Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesInternal Navels 1, 2, 3 4, 5, 6 7 8

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24 Ribbed Navels - oranges

Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesRibbed Navels 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Uniformity: only 3 adjacent fruit allowed within the same

consignment

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25 Skin texture-smooth/rough - oranges

Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesSkin texture-smooth/rough 1 2, 3, 4, 5 6 7, 8 Uniformity: only 3 adjacent fruit allowed within the

same consignment

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26 Scratching - oranges

Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesScratching 1, 2 3, 4, 5 6, 7 8 This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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27 Rubbing - oranges

Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesRubbing x 1 2, 3, 4 5, 6

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28 Superficial Light Coloured Silver Scurfs - oranges

Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesSuperficial Light Coloured Silver Scurfs 1, 2 3, 4, 5, 6 7 8

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29 Superficial Dark Coloured Silver Scurfs - oranges

Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesSuperficial Dark Coloured Silver Scurfs 1, 2 3, 4, 5 6, 7 8

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30 Creasing - oranges


Creasing x 1, 2 3 4, 5, 6 •Warning: this may result in split peel during transport & handling•This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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31 Sunburn - oranges

Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesSunburn x 1, 2 3, 4 5, 6

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32 Hail damage - oranges


Hail damage 1 2, 3, 4 5, 6, 7 8 •Superficial•This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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Limit allowed Extra Class Limit allowed

Class I



Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesStalks 1, 2 3 This illustration used for all product groups

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Limit allowed


34 Torn stem-ends - oranges


Torn stem-ends 1, 2 3, 4•Warning: If the fruit was not disinfected in a timely manner, this defect may lead to rotting•This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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Limit allowed


35 Unclean - oranges

Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesSooty Mould ("Unclean") x 1 2, 3, 4 5, 6

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36 Presence of Foreign matter (copper/soiling) – O/EP/L

Oranges / Easy Peelers / Lemons Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesPresence of Foreign matter (copper/soiling) X 1 - 6 This illustration used for all product groups

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Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesPitting (Superficial) x 1, 2 3, 4 5, 6, 7 This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesTorn navels x 1 2 3, 4 This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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39 Oil spotting (Oleocellosis) - oranges


Oil spotting (Oleocellosis) x 1, 2, 3 4, 5, 6, 7 8 Note: colour changes (light to dark) of the oil spotting take place within a few days of packing

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40 Internal frost damage - oranges

Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesInternal frost damage x 1, 2, 3 4, 5, 6

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Limit allowed


41 Pitting (Non-Superficial) - oranges

Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesPitting (Non-Superficial) x 1 - 7 This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesRust mite damage x 1 2 3, 4 This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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43 Thrips damage - oranges

Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesThrips damage x 1 2, 3, 4 5 This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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44 Fruit fly damage (Infertile) - oranges

Oranges Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesFruit fly damage (Infertile) x 1 2, 3 4 •Flesh unaffected

•This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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Oranges / Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade Notes

Brown rot X 1 - 4 •No tolerance•This illustration used for all product groups

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46 Green Mould - oranges

Oranges / Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade Notes

Moulds X 1 , 2 •No tolerance•This illustration used for all product groups

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Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade Notes

External Colour 1 - 9 10 - 12•Progressive•Uniformity: only 3 adjacent colour degrees allowed within the same consignmentI.

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Limit allowed


Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesDefects in Shape X 1 2 3, 4

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Skin texture-smooth/rough 1 2 3, 4 5, 6 Uniformity: only 3 adjacent fruit allowed within the same consignment

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Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesRibbing 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Uniformity: only 3 adjacent fruit allowed within the same consignment

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Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesRings x 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 6, 7 8

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Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesRubbing 1 2, 3 4, 5 6

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Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesSuperficial Light Coloured Silver Scurfs 1 2, 3, 4, 5 6, 7 8

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Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesSuperficial Dark Coloured Silver Scurfs 1 2, 3, 4, 5 6, 7 8

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Limit allowedClass II


Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesSunburn x 1 2, 3, 4 5, 6

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Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesHealed injuries x 1 2, 3, 4 5, 6, 7 •Provided flesh unaffected

•This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesSooty mould (“Unclean”) x 1 2 3

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Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesSpray damage x 1, 2 3 4 This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesDrying damage of the skin x 1, 2, 3, 4 5

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Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesUnhealed injuries x 1-7 This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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Oil spotting (Oleocellosis) x 1, 2, 3, 4 5, 6, 7 8 Note: colour changes (light to dark) of the oil spotting take place within a few days of packing

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Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesExternal frost damage x 1 - 8

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Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesInternal frost damage x 1 - 6

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Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesPuffed fruit x 1 - 4 This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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Stem-end breakdown X 1, 2 3 4, 5, 6

•Superficial•Provided flesh unaffected•This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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79 Shrivelling/Wrinkles (Aging) – easy peelers

Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesShriveling/Wrinkles (Aging) x 1 - 4

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Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesChilling injuries

x 1-6•10% tolerance for fruit # 1, 2, 3 in Class II•No tolerance for fruit # 4, 5, 6•This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesScale insects (presence) x 1, 2 3 4, 5 This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesScale insects (damage) 1 2, 3, 4 5, 6, 7 8 This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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Class I



Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesCicada damage x 1, 2 3, 4 5 This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesAlternaria damage 1 2, 3 4, 5, 6 7, 8 This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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Easy Peelers Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesFruit fly damage (fertile) x 1 - 3 This illustration used for both Oranges and Easy Peelers

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Lemons Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesExternal Colour 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 10 Uniformity: only 3 adjacent colour degrees allowed within the

same consignment

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Limit allowed


Lemons Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesDefects in Shape x 1 2 3, 4, 5

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Lemons Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesShape of Styler End 1, 2 3, 4, 5 6, 7 8

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103 Green Styler End - lemons

Lemons Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesGreen Styler End 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Uniformity: only 3 adjacent colour degrees

allowed within the same consignment

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Lemons Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesSkin texture-smooth/rough 1, 2 3, 4, 5 6, 7, 8, 9 10 Uniformity: only 3 adjacent fruit degrees allowed within the

same consignment

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Lemons Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesSuperficial Light Coloured Silver Scurfs 1 2, 3, 4 5, 6 7, 8

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Class I



Lemons Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesHealed injuries x 1 2 3, 4 Provided flesh unaffected

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Lemons Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesUnclean (“Sooty Mold”) x 1, 2 3, 4, 5 6, 7

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108 Un-healed injuries - lemons

Lemons Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesUnhealed injuries x 1, 2

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Lemons Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesOil spotting (Oleocellosis) –green peel x 1, 2, 3, 4 5, 6, 7 8 Note: colour changes (light to dark) of the oil spotting

take place within a few days of packing

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Lemons Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesOil spotting (Oleocellosis) – yellow peel

x 1, 2, 3, 4 5, 6 7, 8 Note: colour changes (light to dark) of the oil spotting take place within a few days of packing

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111 External frost damage - lemons

Lemons Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesExternal frost damage x 1 - 3

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Lemons Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesInternal frost damage x 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

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Lemons Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade Notes

Aging fruit x 1 - 8•Progressive •Pre-harvest defect (perfect external appearance, very light fruit, low juice content)

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Lemons Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesScale insects (presence) 1 2, 3 4, 5, 6 7, 8

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115 Cancer “Xanthomona” - lemons

Lemons Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesCanker (Xhantomona) x 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

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116 Black pit - lemons

Lemons Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesBlack pit x 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

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Grapefruit Star Ruby

Extra Class

Class I

Class II Out of Grade Notes

External Colour 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 8

•Progressive•Uniformity: only 3 adjacent colour degrees allowed within the same consignment in Extra class and Class I. No colour uniformity limitations in class II

Limit allowed


Pummelo –Sweetie-Marsh

Extra Class Class I Class II Out of

Grade Notes

External colour 1 - 8•Progressive•Uniformity: only 3 adjacent colour degrees allowed within the same consignment in Extra class and class I. No colour uniformity limitations in class II

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Pummelo – Chandler Extra Class Class I Class II Out of

Grade Notes

External colour 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8

•Progressive•Uniformity: only 3 adjacent colour degrees allowed within the same consignment in Extra class and class I. No colour uniformity limitations in class II

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Pummelo – Goliath Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade Notes

External colour 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 8

•Progressive•Uniformity: only 3 adjacent colour degrees allowed within the same consignment in Extra class and class I. No colour uniformity limitations in class II

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Limit allowed


Pummelo – Chandler Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesInternal Colour 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 7, 8 10% of fruit #7 allowed in Class II

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Limit allowed


Grapefruit - Star Ruby Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesDefects in shape 1 2, 3, 4 5, 6 7

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Class I



Pummelo – Chandler Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesDefects in shape 1 2 3, 4 5

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Pummelo – Goliath Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesDefects in shape x 1 2, 3 4

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Pummelo –Chandler Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade Notes

Peel thickness 1, 2 3NB. This parameter is not included in the UNECE Standard Peel thickness greater than 30% of total fruit diameter is not acceptable.

Calculation method

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Limit allowed


External Ø – Internal ØExternal Ø

X 100

Peel thickness

Peel thickness is determined by the ratio of the internal fruit (pulp) diameter to the external fruit diameter (pulp & peel).

Fruit should be cut across the equatorial section.

Diameters should be measured across the fruit at the point where the peel is thinnest.

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Internal DiameterExternal Diameter

International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables: Citrus Fruits129 Pips-Seeds – G/P

Pummelo –Chander / Goliath

Extra Class Class I Class II Out of

Grade Notes

Pips-Seeds•This parameter is not included in the UNECE Standard •Too many pips/seeds affects the eating quality

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Grapefruit - Star Ruby Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesScratching 1, 2 3, 4 5, 6, 7 8

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Grapefruit - Star Ruby Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesSuperficial Silver Scurfs 1 2, 3 4, 5, 6 7, 8 Can also be caused by pests

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Pummelo – Chandler Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesSuperficial Silver Scurfs 1 2, 3, 4 5, 6, 7 8 Can also be caused by pests

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Class I



Pummelo – Goliath Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesSuperficial Silver Scurfs 1 2, 3, 4, 5 6, 7 8 Can also be caused by pests

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Grapefruit - Star Ruby Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesSunburn x 1, 2, 3 4, 5, 6 7, 8

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Pummelo – Goliath Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesSunburn x 1, 2 3, 4, 5 6

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Grapefruit - Star Ruby Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesHealed injuries x 1, 2 3, 4 5, 6

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Grapefruit – Sweetie-Marsh Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesTorn stem-ends 1, 2 3, 4

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Limit allowed


Grapefruit - Star Ruby Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesUnclean x 1 2, 3, 4 5

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Grapefruit - Star Ruby Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesUnhealed injuries x 1 - 4

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Grapefruit - Star Ruby Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade Notes

Oil spotting x 1, 2, 3, 4 5, 6, 7 8 Note: colour changes (light to dark) of the oil spotting take place within a few days of packing

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PummeloSweetie-Marsh Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade Notes

Oil spotting X 1, 2, 3, 4 5, 6 7, 8 Note: colour changes (light to dark) of the oil spotting take place within a few days of packing

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Oil spotting (Oleocellosis)




Pummelo – Goliath Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade Notes

Oil spotting x 1, 2, 3 4, 5 6 Note: colour changes (light to dark) of the oil spotting take place within a few days of packing

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Grapefruit - Star Ruby Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesExternal frost damage x 1, 2, 3

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Grapefruit - Star Ruby Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesInternal frost damage x 1 2, 3, 4

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Limit allowed


Grapefruit / Pummelo Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesMiner-fly damage x 1, 2 3, 4, 5 6

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Pummelo - Sweetie-Marsh Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesMealy bugs (damage) x 1, 2 3 4

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Grapefruit - Star Ruby Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesScale insects (presence) x 1, 2, 3 4, 5 6

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Pummelo – Chandler Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesScale insects (presence) Chandler x 1, 2 3 4

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Grapefruit - Star Ruby Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesMoth damage x 1 - 3

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Pummelo – Chandler/Goliath Extra Class Class I Class II Out of Grade NotesMoth damage – Chandler x 1, 2

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OrangesEasy Peelers

Lemons & Limes

Size CodeMaximum difference between fruit in the same package in mm

Oranges 0-2 11

3-6 9

7-13 7




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OrangesEasy Peelers

Lemons & Limes

Size CodeMaximum difference between fruit in the

same package in mm

Satsumas, clementines, other mandarin varieties and their hybrids

1–XXX - 4 9

5 - 6 8

7 – 10 7


172 III. Provisions Concerning SizingC. Uniformity

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OrangesEasy Peelers

Lemons & LimesSize Code

Maximum difference between fruit in the same package in mm

Lemons 0 – 7 7

Limes 1 – 5 7


V. Presentation:Extra Class

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V. Presentation: Class I

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Oranges Easy PeelersOranges


V. Presentation: Class II

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Oranges Easy Peelers


V. PresentationOther

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V. PresentationSales Packages

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VI. Marking

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Packer/Dispatcher: Mehadrin Tnuport ExportNature of Produce: Oranges NavelsOrigin: IsraelClass: ISize Code: 7

Documents

International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables: Citrus Fruits