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International Response to large scale humanitarian crisis. Josef Reiterer ([email protected]). From an OCHA perspective. Increase the participants’ knowledge about international response to natural disasters and technological emergencies. Objectives. Definitions/ Terminology - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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International Response to large scale humanitarian crisis.
International Response to large scale humanitarian crisis.
From an OCHA perspectiveFrom an OCHA perspective
Josef Reiterer([email protected])
Josef Reiterer([email protected])
ObjectivesObjectives
• Definitions/Terminology
• ‘Actors’ in Humanitarian Crisis
• Response to Natural Disasters
• Definitions/Terminology
• ‘Actors’ in Humanitarian Crisis
• Response to Natural Disasters
Increase the participants’ knowledge about international response to natural disasters and technological emergencies.
MCDU EADRCC
UNDAC
INSARAG
HOCC
Oslo Guidlines
FCSS
IASC
SRSGDO
FSO
HC/RC
ResRep
UNDMT
CAP
OCHA
Interaction and Relationship between:
PSO
PKO
“We recommend that the United Nations system urgently consider a more assertive approach to coordination in insecure settings. The time is ripe for the UN, with the strong insistence of donor governments, to stop talking about coordination and move to a system of coordination by command rather than retain the current system of coordination, by consensus or default.”
Case Study, Kosovo; Brown University USA
Civil-Military CooperationCivil-Military Cooperation
Civil-Military Cooperation is the relationship of mutual support, joint planning, and constant exchange of information required at all levels between military forces structures and humanitarian organizations and agencies operating towards the same objectives in response to humanitarian emergency.
Civil-Military Cooperation is the relationship of mutual support, joint planning, and constant exchange of information required at all levels between military forces structures and humanitarian organizations and agencies operating towards the same objectives in response to humanitarian emergency.
CivilCivil Military Military Coordination Coordination (CMCoord)(CMCoord)
Complex Humanitarian Complex Humanitarian EmergencyEmergency
War-induced and sudden catastrophes involving substantial increases in involuntary displacements and in suffering (especially as measured by famine, disease, and human rights abuse) of noncombatants accompanied by a crises, and oftentimes a collapse, of state authority.
War-induced and sudden catastrophes involving substantial increases in involuntary displacements and in suffering (especially as measured by famine, disease, and human rights abuse) of noncombatants accompanied by a crises, and oftentimes a collapse, of state authority.
Natural DisasterNatural Disaster
The occurrence of a sudden or major misfortune which disrupts the basic fabric and normal functioning of a society (or community). An event or series of events which give rise to casualties and/or damage or loss of property, infrastructure, essential services or means of livelihood on a scale which is beyond the normal capacity of the affected communities to cope with unaided.
The occurrence of a sudden or major misfortune which disrupts the basic fabric and normal functioning of a society (or community). An event or series of events which give rise to casualties and/or damage or loss of property, infrastructure, essential services or means of livelihood on a scale which is beyond the normal capacity of the affected communities to cope with unaided.
Intergovernmental Intergovernmental Organization (IGO)Organization (IGO)
Organization composed of member states with common perspectives and interests.
Organization composed of member states with common perspectives and interests.
Private OrganizationPrivate Organization
Organization characterized by strength, obligation, funding, implementation of work, and ...The International Committee of the Red Cross is a special private organization.
Organization characterized by strength, obligation, funding, implementation of work, and ...The International Committee of the Red Cross is a special private organization.
Donor GovernmentDonor Government
Government intervening for historical diplomatic, economic, and political reasons by funding bilaterally or through intergovernmental/private organizations prior, during, and after emergency.
Government intervening for historical diplomatic, economic, and political reasons by funding bilaterally or through intergovernmental/private organizations prior, during, and after emergency.
•Host
government and
military forces
•Insurgent
political and
military forces
•National and
local private
organizations
Donor Donor GovernmentsGovernments
Intergovernmental Intergovernmental OrganizationsOrganizations
Seven major institutional actors making up the present system
Privat Privat OrganizationsOrganizations
Outside Outside Military ForcesMilitary Forces
UN
CM
Coord
Donor Donor GovernmentsGovernments
• Mission in Geneva and New York as contact points to the UN
• MCDA - Contact persons in donor governments
• Military - Civil defence assets
• National emergency relief funds
• Mission in Geneva and New York as contact points to the UN
• MCDA - Contact persons in donor governments
• Military - Civil defence assets
• National emergency relief funds
Non Governmental Non Governmental OrganizationsOrganizations
• 1951:
832 NGOs• 1982:
9398 NGOs• 2000:
20000 NGOsoperating in more than 3 countries
• 1951:
832 NGOs• 1982:
9398 NGOs• 2000:
20000 NGOsoperating in more than 3 countries
Red Cross & Red Cross & Red Crescent Red Crescent
MovementMovement
Red Cross & Red Cross & Red Crescent Red Crescent
MovementMovement• ICRC along with the IFRC• ICRC along with the IFRC
Intergovernmental Intergovernmental OrganizationsOrganizations
• NATO• ECHO• ICDO• IOM• WEU• ……??????
• NATO• ECHO• ICDO• IOM• WEU• ……??????
IGOsIGOs NGOsNGOsRedRed
CrossCross DONORDONORMediaMedia
IGOsIGOs NGOsNGOsRedRed
CrossCross DONORDONORMediaMedia
UN OCHAUN OCHA
OCHA Mission OCHA Mission StatementStatement“ To mobilize and coordinate the collective efforts of the international community, in particular those of the UN system, to meet in a coherent and timely manner the needs of those exposed to human suffering and material destruction in disasters and emergencies. This involves reducing vulnerability, promoting solutions to root causes and facilitating the smooth transition from relief to rehabilitation and development.”
IGOsIGOs NGOsNGOsRedRedCrossCross DONORDONORMediaMedia
Disaster prone/stricken countryDisaster prone/stricken country
National Governmen
t
National Governmen
t
National Emergency Response MechanismNational Emergency Response Mechanism
IGOsIGOs NGOsNGOsRedRedCrossCross DONORDONORMediaMedia
Disaster prone/stricken countryDisaster prone/stricken country
National Governmen
t
National Governmen
t
UN OCHAUN OCHA
•Response Coordination Branch•Emergency Services Branch•Humanitarian Emergency Branch•Inter Agency Standing Committee
•Response Coordination Branch•Emergency Services Branch•Humanitarian Emergency Branch•Inter Agency Standing Committee
UN OCHAUN OCHA
IGOsIGOs NGOsNGOsRedRedCrossCross DONORDONORMediaMedia
Disaster prone/stricken countryDisaster prone/stricken country
National Governmen
t
National Governmen
t
UNDPResident
Coordinator
UNDPResident
Coordinator
UNDP office in developing countries- Head of the UNDP office:= Resident Representative UNDP= Resident Coordinator of OCHA in case of emergency= Head of the UN Disaster Management Team (UNDMT)
IGOsIGOs NGOsNGOsRedRedCrossCross DONORDONORMediaMedia
Disaster prone/stricken countryDisaster prone/stricken country
National Governmen
t
National Governmen
t
UN OCHAUN OCHA UNDPUNDP
UN Agencies• UNDMT
UN Agencies• UNDMT
IGOsIGOs NGOsNGOsRedRedCrossCross DONORDONORMediaMedia
Disaster prone/stricken countryDisaster prone/stricken country
National Governmen
t
National Governmen
t
UN OCHAUN OCHA UNDPUNDP
UN Agencies• UNDMT
UN Agencies• UNDMT
Time for questions exno. 0500dTime for questions exno. 0500d
Please answer the following question(s) as a team? Time ...
Please answer the following question(s) as a team? Time ...Question No.: 28Question No.: 28
InternationalResponse to DisastersInternationalResponse to Disasters
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
Y
Local Government
ResRep.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
Natural, environmental ortechnological disaster
Natural, environmental ortechnological disaster
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
Y
Local Government
ResRep.
DonorCountries NGOsM
EDIAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
LEMA
Local Government activates theLocal Emergency Management
Authority (LEMA)
Local Government activates theLocal Emergency Management
Authority (LEMA)
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
Y
Local Government
ResRep.
DonorCountries NGOsM
EDIAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
LEMAUNDACUNDAC
Upon request of affected countryOCHA mobilizes an UN
Disaster Assessment andCoordination Stand-by Team
(UNDAC)
Upon request of affected countryOCHA mobilizes an UN
Disaster Assessment andCoordination Stand-by Team
(UNDAC)
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
Y
Local Government
ResRep.
DonorCountries NGOsM
EDIAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
LEMA
OSOCC OSOCC
The UNDAC team may establishesone or more On-Site OperationsCoordination Centres (OSOCC)
The UNDAC team may establishesone or more On-Site OperationsCoordination Centres (OSOCC)
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YA
FF
EC
T E DC O
UN
T
Y
Local Government
ResRep.
DonorCountries NGOsM
EDIAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
LEMA
OSOCC OSOCC
SAR
Upon request of the affected countrydonor countries may mobilize
Search and Rescue Teams (SAR)
Upon request of the affected countrydonor countries may mobilize
Search and Rescue Teams (SAR)
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YA
FF
EC
T E DC O
UN
T
Y
Local Government
ResRep.
DonorCountries NGOsM
EDIAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
LEMA
OSOCC OSOCC
SAR MCDA
Upon request of affected countrydonor countries may mobilize
military and/orcivil-defence assets
Upon request of affected countrydonor countries may mobilize
military and/orcivil-defence assets
1. Monitoring Phase2. Warning Phase
3. Alert and Mobilization Phase 4. Assessment and Operation
Phase5. Demobilization Phase
6. Post Relief Phase
LANOITA
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ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YResRep.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
Warning Phase
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YResRep.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
OCHA receives a disasterwarning through media
or from any other source
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
OCHA double-checks with the UNResident Coordinator
The ResCoord. gets official information from the local Govt
Alert and Mobilization PhaseAlert and Mobilization PhaseAlert and Mobilization PhaseAlert and Mobilization Phase
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
Situation Report 1
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMA
Local Govt activates the LEMA,UN Resident Coordinator investigates
with local Authorities
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMA
Field Situation Report 1
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMA
Alert UNDAC, SAR, ETC.
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMA
Appeal for international
assistance
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMA
MobilizeUNDAC Team(if necessary)
MobilizeUNDAC Team(if necessary)
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMA
Field SitRep 2
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMA
Alert MCDA
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMA
Provide up to 50,000 US$ from OCHA
Emergency Cash Grant
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMASAR
Mobilization of SAR
Assessment and Operation PhaseAssessment and Operation Phase
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMASAR
OSOCC
The UNDAC teamestablishes an OSOCC/HOCC
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMASAR
OSOCC
Disaster assessment and coordination in cooperation with Res Coord.
and local Authorities
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMASAR
OSOCC
Channel Cash Contributions
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMASAR
OSOCC
UNDAC ReportUNDAC Report
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMASAR
OSOCC
Deliver In-kind contributionsfrom/through UNHRD in Brindisi
LANOITA
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ETNI
C O MM U
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YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMASAR
OSOCC
UN agencies ‘assist’ according to theirmandate coordinated by the UNDMT,lead by the UN Resident Coordinator
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMASAR
OSOCC
Assistance by NGOs iscoordinated with the LEMA
LANOITA
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ETNI
C O MM U
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F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMASAR
OSOCC
Bilateral assistance iscoordinated by the LEMA
LANOITA
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F EC T E D C O U
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YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMASAR
OSOCC
The local Government or anyUN agency/organization can
request donor countries (through OCHA-Desk or MCDU)
for MCDA assistance
LANOITA
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ETNI
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F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMASAR
OSOCC
MCDA
Mobilization of MCDA
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMASAR
OSOCC
MCDA
International Teams arecoordinated by LEMAthrough the OSOCC
Demobilization PhaseDemobilization Phase
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YRes. Coord.
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
LEMASAR
OSOCC
MCDA
Demobilization of internationalteams is carried out in
coordination with the OSOCC(s)
Post ReliefPhasePost ReliefPhase
- Reconstruction- Rehabilitation- Mitigation
- Reconstruction- Rehabilitation- Mitigation
LANOITA
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F EC T E D C O U
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YResRep
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
OCHA reports to donors on theuse of their contributions
OCHA issues a final SitRep(SitRep 5)
LANOITA
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ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
YResRep
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UN agencies/organizations assistthe country in rehabilitation according
to their mandate
LANOITA
NR
ETNI
C O MM U
NIT
YAF
F EC T E D C O U
NT
Y
Local Government
ResRep
DonorCountries
DonorCountries NGOs
NGOsM
EDIA
MED
IAUN
OCHAUNDP
UNAgencies/Organiz.
UNDMT
R
IGOs
IGOs
National Government
Red Cross
Red Cross
UNAgencies/Organiz.
GOOD LUCK !!!!GOOD LUCK !!!!
