International Aviation and Climate...International Aviation and Climate Change (1/5) 1) States and relevant organizations will work through Global Goals ICAO to achieve a global annual

ICAO Colloquium on Aviation and Climate ChangeICAO Colloquium on Aviation

and Climate ChangeICAO Colloquium on

Aviation and Climate ChangeICAO Colloquium on

Aviation and Climate Changeand Climate ChangeAviation and Climate ChangeAviation and Climate Change

Session 9: Programme of Action onSession 9: Programme of Action on International Aviation and Climate

Jane Hupe,

Chief EnvironmentChief Environment

Environment Branch ‐ ICAO1

ICAO Colloquium on Aviation and Climate Change

Climate Change Negotiations ProcessI

C

A

A‐36 Sep.

A‐37 Sep.

HLM Oct.

GIACC 4 May

GIACC 3 Feb.

GIACC 2 Jul.

GIACC 1 Feb.

DGCIGMar./Jun.

Climate Change Negotiations Process

2007

A

OCAEP/8 SG1 Nov.

CAEP/8 SG2 Sep.

CAEP/8 SG3Jun.

CAEP/8Feb.

CAEP/9SG1Nov.

CAAF Nov.

WAAF Feb.2008 2009 2010

UN

COP13/CMP3

COP14/CMP4

COP15/CMP5

COP16/CMP6

(Bali Roadmap)

NFCCC

CMP3 Dec.

CMP4 Dec.

CMP5 Dec.

CMP6 Dec.

AWG‐KP 5(1)Mar.

5(2)Jun.

6(1)Aug.

7Mar.

8(2)Aug.

8(1)Jun.

9(1)Sep.

9(2)Nov.

10Dec.

11Apr.

AWG LCA 1 2 3 4 5 6(1) 6(2) 7(1) 7(2) 8 9 10

6(2)Dec.

12Jun.

?

2

C AWG‐LCA 1Mar.

2Jun.

3Aug.

4Dec.

5Mar.

6(1)Jun.

6(2)Aug.

7(1)Sep.

7(2)Nov.

8Dec.

9Apr.

10Jun.

LegendA‐36 / A‐37: 36th ICAO Assembly / 37th ICAO Assembly COP: Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCCGIACC: Group on International Aviation and Climate Change CMP: Conference of the Parties serving as the Meeting of the PartiesHLM: High‐level Meeting on International Aviation and Climate Change to the Kyoto Protocol

?

HLM: High level Meeting on International Aviation and Climate Change to the Kyoto ProtocolDGCIG: Directors General Informal Climate Group AWG‐KP: Ad Hoc Working Group on Further Commitments for CAEP: Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection Annex I Parties under the Kyoto ProtocolCAEP SG: CAEP Steering Group AWG‐LCA: Ad Hoc Working Group on Long‐term Cooperative ActionWAAF: Workshop on Aviation and Alternative Fuels under the Convention CAAF: Conference on Aviation and Alternative Fuels


Steps from last Assembly Resolution:

• Group on International Aviation and Climate Change (GIACC) to develop an ICAO Programme of Action on International Aviation and ClimateAction on International Aviation and Climate Change

• High‐level Meeting in October 2009 adopted the Programme of Action – the first and only globally harmonized agreement from a sector on a goal to address its CO2 emissions

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ICAO Programme of Action onICAO Programme of Action onInternational Aviation and Climate Change (1/5)

1) States and relevant organizations will work through

Global Goals

) g gICAO to achieve a global annual average fuel efficiency improvement of 2% over the medium term until 2020 and an aspirational global fuelterm until 2020 and an aspirational global fuel efficiency improvement rate of 2% per annum in the long term from 2021 to 2050, calculated on the basis of volume of fuel used per revenue tonnekilometre performed

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Global Goals (cont’d)2) Taking into account the relevant outcomes of the UNFCCC

COP15, and recognizing that this declaration shall not prejudge

Global Goals (cont’d)

, g g p j gthe outcome of those negotiations, ICAO and its Member States, with relevant organizations will also keep working together in undertaking further work on medium and long‐g g gterm goals, including exploring the feasibility of goals of more ambition including carbon‐neutral growth and emissions reductions, taking into account the collective commitments , gannounced by ACI, CANSO, IATA and ICCAIA on behalf of the international air transport industry, the special circumstances and respective capabilities of developing countries and the p p p gsustainable growth of the international aviation industry, for consideration by the 37th Session of the ICAO Assembly 5



i i i

3) develop a global CO2 Standard for aircraft ‐ CAEP

Mitigation Measures

4) facilitate the development and deployment of sustainable alternative fuels for aviation ‐ CAAF

5) f ili h i l i f i l5) facilitate the implementation of operational changes and the improvement of air traffic management and airport systems ‐ Circular 303,management and airport systems Circular 303, Global Air Navigation Plan (Doc 9750) etc.

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Mitigation Measures (cont’d)

6) develop a framework for market‐based measures in international aviation

7) elaborate on measures to assist developing States as well as facilitate access to financial resources,as well as facilitate access to financial resources, technology transfer and capacity building

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8) States are encouraged to submit their action

Progress Monitoring

plans and annual reporting on international aviation CO2 emissions to ICAO

9) ICAO will regularly report CO2 emissions from international aviation to the UNFCCC, as part ofinternational aviation to the UNFCCC, as part of its contribution to assessing progress made in the implementation of actions in the sector

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UNFCCC COP15UNFCCC COP15• Debates were focused on the principles of CBDRDebates were focused on the principles of CBDR and on financing for adaptation activities rather than mitigation actions

• Questions concerning transparency and the need to ensure a democratic process

• Informal high‐level negotiations resulted in a political agreement called “Copenhagen Accord”, h h “ k ” bwhich was “taken note” by COP15

• No specific decision on how to address GHG i i f i t ti l i ti t COP15emissions from international aviation at COP15

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N S P li i l Ch llNext Steps ‐ Political Challenges

Hi h l l M ti R d ti• High‐level Meeting Recommendations:– More ambitious goalsFramework for market based measures– Framework for market‐based measures

– Assistance to States• How to find an appropriate balance between aviation’s• How to find an appropriate balance between aviation s future growth and its climate impacts ?

• How to apply both ICAO’s non‐discrimination principle pp y p pand UNFCCC’s CBDR principle ?

• Adaptation ‐ Levies on international aviation ( CCC/ G )(UNFCCC/AGF)

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h l h llNext Steps ‐ Technical Challenges

• 2 degree C target by Copenhagen Accord – what it means for aviation ?CO St d d• CO2 Standard

• Technological and Operational Goals• Circular 303• Circular 303• Mechanism for fuel consumption reporting by States to ICAOto ICAO

• Structure of States’ action plans (format, content etc.)

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How States and Industry can help ?

• Assembly (Sep ) CAEP SG (Nov ) COP16 (Dec ) in 2010• Assembly (Sep.), CAEP SG (Nov.), COP16 (Dec.) in 2010• “Cooperation, Coordination, Communication” are the key for success !!!y

Provide data, resources, best practices, global solutions etc. to overcome political and technical h llchallenges National coordination – better recognition of ICAO’s achievement in other bodies (UNFCCC)ICAO s achievement in other bodies (UNFCCC)Industry’s supportImprove perception

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Improve perceptionACT


Setting the SceneSetting the Scene

S ’ A i PlAustralia China Brazil EU UAE USA ATAG ICSA

States’ Action PlansCommon Themes

• Baselines, goals and timeframes• Quantification / footprinting• Monitoring, reporting and verification• Technological Advances• Operational Initiatives• Economic Measures

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• Alternative Fuels


Environmental Benefits of Operational Measuresp(reported during Colloquium)

ICAO ASPIRE CANADA NEW ZEALAND SESAR/AIRE

DATA LINK SEQUENCING AIRPORTTAXI 45 105s / flight

Ground 21.9 M kg fuel 69.2 M kg CO2

550,000 t CO2eCAD $178M

15,000 kW.h / year45‐105s / flight6‐60 t fuel30 s / app trajector

Dep / ArrCCD, CDA, TA 80‐1250 kg CO2 / flight25% fuel / descent

En‐Route

RVSM 80kg fuel / flight 10000 flights / day290000 t fuel / year

ADS‐B 678,000 t CO2eCAD $245MSurveillance1,275,000 t CO2eCA $44

SPACE OPTIMIZATION90‐1050 kg CO2 / flight / y

913500 t CO2 / year4350 t NOx / year

CAD $447M RVSM 3,970,000 t CO2eCAD $1256M

g / g

RNAV 1,759,000 t CO2e

RNAV STAR

PBN489 t fuel / day 3.9M t CO2 $400‐700M

1,759,000 t CO2eCAD $440M RNP231,000 t CO2eCAD $82M

1,170 t CO2RNP AR APP 46 diversions40 flight CNL

28000 to 5000 min TOTALi l

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CombinationASPIRE Flights32386 kg fuel101986 kg CO2

4.35M t CO2e CAD $331M1M t GHG

delay / month

1 ASPIRE flight 3500 kg fuel11000 kg CO2

1152 trials400 t CO2

1 AIRE flight2‐3 t fuel 6‐9 t CO2


ICAO’s 2nd Environmental Report

The ICAO Environmental Report 2010 will provide a comprehensive account of the work of ICAO includingthe work of ICAO including a synthesis of keys developments from CAEP/8 and other recentand other recent developments

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For more information on our activities please visit ICAO’s website or our stand outside the Assembly Hall

HTTP://WWW.ICAO.INT

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Documents

International Aviation and Climate...International Aviation and Climate Change (1/5) 1) States and relevant organizations will work through Global Goals ICAO to achieve a global annual