Inter-American Development Bank Presentation on Citizen Security

SUMMIT IMPLEMENTATION REVIEW GROUP (SIRG) OEA/Ser.ESecond Regular Meeting of 2009 GRIC/O.2/doc.5/09February 9-13, 2009 9 February 2009Rubén Dario Room – 1889 F Street NW, DC 20006 Original: EnglishWashington, D.C.

CITIZEN SECURITY CITIZEN SECURITY -The IDB experience in the region--The IDB experience in the region-

INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANKINTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANKOEA-GRIC, February 2009OEA-GRIC, February 2009

Institutional Capacity & Finance Sector (ICF)Institutional Capacity & Finance Sector (ICF)Institutional Capacity of State Division (ICS)Institutional Capacity of State Division (ICS)

I. IDB’s INTERVENTION STRATEGY: -Ten years of I. IDB’s INTERVENTION STRATEGY: -Ten years of lessons learned and innovative interventions lessons learned and innovative interventions in the sectorin the sector

II.II. CHALLENGES AND CURRENT ACTION LINESCHALLENGES AND CURRENT ACTION LINES

I. I. IDB’s INTERVENTION STRATEGY: IDB’s INTERVENTION STRATEGY: Ten years of lessons learned Ten years of lessons learned

and innovative interventions in the and innovative interventions in the sectorsector

The IDB has approved 11 Projects in Citizen Security for the The IDB has approved 11 Projects in Citizen Security for the following countries :following countries :

What have we done in the sector?What have we done in the sector?

ChileColombiaGuyana JamaicaPanamaUruguay Trinidad y Tobago

In Central America: El Salvador Honduras Nicaragua Guatemala

More than 25 technical cooperations

The contextThe context

30

29

26

22

22

17

9

8

7

4

3

2

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Caribe

Africa del Sur y Oeste

América del Sur

Asia del Este y Sureste

Centroamerica

Europa del Este

Asia Central

Africa del Este

América del Norte

Sur de Asia

Oceanía

Europa Central y Occidental

Tasa de homicidios por Tasa de homicidios por 100.000 habitantes (2002 o 100.000 habitantes (2002 o

más reciente) más reciente) ( (Fuente: Fuente: Crime, Violence, Crime, Violence, and Development: Trends, Costs, and and Development: Trends, Costs, and Policy Options in the Caribbean, Banco Policy Options in the Caribbean, Banco

Mundial y UNODC, 2007)Mundial y UNODC, 2007)

Tasa de muerte por arma de Tasa de muerte por arma de fuego por 100.000 habitantes fuego por 100.000 habitantes (Fuente: Small Arms Survey, (Fuente: Small Arms Survey,

2008)2008)

The contextThe context

Tasa de homicidios por 100.000 habitantes (2006) Tasa de homicidios por 100.000 habitantes (2006) ( (Fuente: Fuente: Elaboración propia con datos de Ministerios de Justicia, Interior, policías y

observatorios de la violencia de la Región. ))

Tasa de homicidios por 100.000 habitantes, 2006.

55.3

49.145.2 45.0

42.9

37.3

28.425.0

21.4

15.012.4 11.3

5.3 4.31.9

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

ES JA GU VE HO CO TT ME GY EC NI PN AR UR CH

Fuente: Latinobarómetro 1995-2007

People’s voicePeople’s voice

5%

7% 7%8% 8%

9%

7%8%

9%

14%

16%17%

23%

21%

19%20%

21%

23%

25%

29% 29%30%

24%

18%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

1995 1996 1997 1998 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Año

Delincuencia

Desempleo

Institutional CapitalInstitutional Capital

The IDB has contributed considerably to the Citizen Security sector The IDB has contributed considerably to the Citizen Security sector in the last decade: in the last decade:

• Studies to identify the magnitude and cost of violence for Peru, Studies to identify the magnitude and cost of violence for Peru, Mexico, Venezuela, Colombia, El Salvador, Panama and Brazil.Mexico, Venezuela, Colombia, El Salvador, Panama and Brazil.

• An interdisciplinary expert regional network (specialists in: An interdisciplinary expert regional network (specialists in: institutional reforms, criminology, violence prevention, police institutional reforms, criminology, violence prevention, police reform, among others).reform, among others).

• Conferences and seminars to disseminate best practices at the Conferences and seminars to disseminate best practices at the regional level. (Inter America Forum in Medellín, 2006; Lima, 2007; regional level. (Inter America Forum in Medellín, 2006; Lima, 2007; and Jamaica, and Jamaica,

• Strategic alliances and partnerships with the international Strategic alliances and partnerships with the international community working in the sector (UNODC; WOLA, IACPV, OEA, community working in the sector (UNODC; WOLA, IACPV, OEA, PAHO, among others).PAHO, among others).

• Publications related to: juvenile violence (a regional study to Publications related to: juvenile violence (a regional study to characterize juvenile violence, based on victimization, habits and characterize juvenile violence, based on victimization, habits and values survey; domestic violence; urban development; values survey; domestic violence; urban development; penitentiary and police reform, among others).penitentiary and police reform, among others).

• Citizen Security Technical Notes (including Sector’s institutional Citizen Security Technical Notes (including Sector’s institutional analyses and evaluations of programs for violence prevention).analyses and evaluations of programs for violence prevention).

• Project Impact Evaluations.Project Impact Evaluations.

• Knowledge Management Network to constantly hone IDB staff Knowledge Management Network to constantly hone IDB staff skills.skills.

Institutional Capital Institutional Capital

The IDB’s Operational frameworkThe IDB’s Operational framework

Public Policy Planning

Prevention

Activities

Law Enforcement

Criminal Justice and Alternatives

Measures

Rehabilitation of convicts or

juvenile delinquents

Comprehensive Analysis of Citizen security

Laboratories for “Good Government for Security” Follow-up and evaluation mechanisms

Institutional Strengthening of Sector-Related Entities

Activities and Projects directed at juvenile delinquentsPrevention of Domestic Violence

Actvities targeting communities

Crime Prevention Through Environmental DesignStrategies for engaging the media

Public Policy Planning

Prevention

Activities

Law Enforcement

Criminal Justice and Alternatives

Measures

Rehabilitation of convicts or

juvenile delinquents

The IDB’s Operational frameworkThe IDB’s Operational framework

The IDB’s Operational frameworkThe IDB’s Operational framework

Public Policy Planning

Prevention

Activities

Law Enforcement

Criminal Justice and Alternatives

Measures

Rehabilitation of convicts or

juvenile delinquents

Institutional reorganization and internal administrative planning

Recruitment process improvement

Police Management

Community Policing

Strengthening of technical and professional skills of police officers and prison guards to improve attention and respect for Human RightsCitizen participation

Training in the use of new IT systems

Improvement of internal control and accountability mechanisms of the police with community participation

Studies and strategic discussion groups facilitation

Personal, psychological, social and medical attentionFormal education

Training and Education for microenterprise developmentDevelopment of alternative disciplinary methods and improvement of social skills

Peaceful Conflict Resolution

The IDB’s Operational frameworkThe IDB’s Operational framework

Public Policy Planning

Prevention

Activities

Law Enforcement

Criminal Justice and Alternatives

Measures

Rehabilitation of convicts or

juvenile delinquents

Drug and Alcohol Addiction TreatmentJob Placement Assistance through alliances with private sector

Development and strengthening of alternative penitentiary mechanisms with supervisory systemsDevelopment of support mechanisms and follow-up following prison release

II. II. Challenges and Challenges and Current Lines of Current Lines of

ActionAction

ChallengesChallenges

Continuing the design of innovative interventions Continuing the design of innovative interventions in the public security areain the public security area

Adapting the Bank’s support to each country Adapting the Bank’s support to each country specific background and current demands specific background and current demands

Promoting a long term vision in the region, Promoting a long term vision in the region, through the support for security public policies’ through the support for security public policies’ implementationimplementation

Emphasizing sub-national governments’ Emphasizing sub-national governments’

participation in the prevention area.participation in the prevention area.

Current Action LinesCurrent Action Lines

1. 1. Quality Information in Citizen Security: Regional Quality Information in Citizen Security: Regional Public GoodPublic Good

Establishment of standardized information Establishment of standardized information systems (Regional Public Good)systems (Regional Public Good)

Technical cooperation approved and currently Technical cooperation approved and currently

being executedbeing executed

Civil Society participationCivil Society participation

Regional Victimization Survey / Quality of Life Regional Victimization Survey / Quality of Life StudyStudy

2.Regional Laboratory of Citizen Security2.Regional Laboratory of Citizen Security

Scientific analyses of reforms processes Scientific analyses of reforms processes Dissemination of best practices Dissemination of best practices Research on cutting-edge interventions in the Research on cutting-edge interventions in the

sectorsector Analytical documentation of methodologies and Analytical documentation of methodologies and

lessons learnedlessons learned Identification and promotion of innovative Identification and promotion of innovative

practices at the local government levelpractices at the local government level Promotion of networks linking academia and Promotion of networks linking academia and

policy-makerspolicy-makers

Current Action LinesCurrent Action Lines

3. Regional Dialogue of State Policies for Citizen Security 3. Regional Dialogue of State Policies for Citizen Security (Permanent Forum)(Permanent Forum)

Political, economic and social sustainabilityPolitical, economic and social sustainability Consensus-building dialogue around the sector’s Consensus-building dialogue around the sector’s

policy guidelines at the national and sub-national policy guidelines at the national and sub-national level level

Feedback for other actions undertaken by the Feedback for other actions undertaken by the IDB in the sectorIDB in the sector

Promotion of citizen security policies at the local Promotion of citizen security policies at the local level, articulated with national policies, through level, articulated with national policies, through a Mayoral Network a Mayoral Network

Current Action LinesCurrent Action Lines

4. 4. Citizen security as an element in the Citizen security as an element in the Corporate and Social Responsibility Corporate and Social Responsibility

Agenda for the Private SectorAgenda for the Private Sector

Mapping exercise of best Mapping exercise of best practices and innovative actionspractices and innovative actions

Demonstrative cases as models Demonstrative cases as models for the regionfor the region

Update of the costs of violence Update of the costs of violence analyses at the micro and macro analyses at the micro and macro levelslevels

Current Action LinesCurrent Action Lines

Thank you !Thank you !Thank you !Thank you !

Banco Inter-Americano de DesarrolloFebrero 2009.