INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMSIEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Council Newsletter Vol. 4, No. 1, January 2002 Council News From the Editor by Alberto Broggi Dear Colleague,

INTELLIGENTTRANSPORTATION

SYSTEMShttp://www.ieee.org/its

IEEE ITS COUNCIL NEWSLETTEREditor: Prof. Alberto Broggi, [email protected]

Vol. 4, No. 1, January 2002

In This Issue

Council News 3From the Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3From the IEEE ITS Council President . . . . . . . . . . . 3Human-Centered Intelligent Vehicles: Toward Multi-

modal Interface Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Calendar of Council Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Report on the 4th IEEE ITS Conference 2001 . . . . . . . 11Report on the IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium 2001 12Call for Participation: IEEE IV Symposium 2002 . . . . . 14CFP: The 5th IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems

Conference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Report on IEEE Transactions on ITS . . . . . . . . . . . 19IEEE Transactions on ITS - Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22CFP: IEEE Transactions on ITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Non-Council ITS News 27Intertraffic Innovation Award . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27CFP: IEEE Intelligent Systems Magazine . . . . . . . . . 28CFP: ATT Congress 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29CFP: ICARCV 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Web Archive

All past issues of this Newsletter in different electronic for-mats can be reached through the Council’s Official Web Site at:http://www.ieee.org/its

Electronic Newsletter Subscription

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ITS Council Executive Committee————–

President: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Daniel J. [email protected]

Immediate Past President: Umit [email protected]

Vice President Conferences: H. [email protected]

Vice President Finance: . .Emily [email protected]

Vice President Publications: . . Yilin [email protected]

Secretary: . . . . . . . . . . . . . Charles J. [email protected]

————–Transactions Editor: . . . Chelsea C. White

[email protected]

Newsletter Editor: . . . . . . . .Alberto [email protected]

World Congress Liaison: Chelsea C. [email protected]

Information for contributors————–

Announcements, feature articles, booksand meetings reviews, opinions, lettersto the editor, professional activities, ab-stracts of reports, and other materialof interest to the ITS community is so-licited.

Please submit electronic materialfor consideration in any of the fol-lowing formats: LATEX, plain ASCII,PDF, or Word, to the Editor [email protected] at least 1 monthprior to the newsletter’s distribution:

Issue Due dateJanuary December 1st

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Vol. 4, No. 1, January 2002 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Council Newsletter

THEIEEE INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS

COUNCIL——————————————

President: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Daniel J. Dailey, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA

Immediate Past President: . . . . . . . . . Umit Ozguner, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA

Vice President Conferences: . . . . . . . . Hideki Hashimoto, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 106-8558, Japan

Vice President Finance: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Emily Sopensky, The Iris Company, Austin, TX 78751, USA

Vice President Publications: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Yilin Zhao, Motorola, Libertyville, IL 60048, USA

Secretary: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Charles J. Herget, Livermore, CA 94550, USA

Transactions Editor: . . . .Chelsea C. White, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

Newsletter Editor: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alberto Broggi, Universita di Parma, Parma, I-43100, Italy

Committees

Finance Committee:

Emily Sopensky (Chair), Richard Klafter, Bill Scherer, Paul Kostek

Conferences and Meetings Committee:

Hideki Hashimoto (Chair), Masayoshi Aoki, Alberto Broggi, Toshio Fukuda, Fumio Harashima, Kat-sushi Ikeuchi, Petros Ioannou, Richard Klafter, Jim Rillings, Yoichi Sato, Chuck Thorpe, John Troxell,Pravin Varaiya, Shigeru Wako, Teruo Ymauchi

Nominations and Appointments Committee:

Umit Ozguner (Chair), Micha Avni, Toshio Fukuda, Ed Rezek, Tsuneo Takahashi

Publications Committee:

Yilin Zhao (Chair), Alberto Broggi, Toshio Fukuda, Ichiro Masaki, Roger Pollard, Fei-Yue Wang,Chelsea White, Yilin Zhao

Standards Committee:

Robert Gottschalk (Chair), Rye Case, Tom Kurihara, Yilin Zhao

Societies Representatives

Aerospace and Electronic Systems: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paul KostekAntennas and Propagation: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L. Wilson Pearson, W. Ross StoneCommunications: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vacantComputer: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Alberto BroggiConsumer Electronics: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Virginia WilliamsControl Systems: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Petros Ioannou, Ka C. CheokElectromagnetic Compatibility: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Andrew Drozd, Mark MontroseElectron Devices: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . John Troxell, Krishna ShenaiIndustrial Electronics: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shoichi Washino, Ren C. LuoInstrumentation and Measurement: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stephen Dyer, Carlos SunMicrowave Theory and Techniques: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Charlie JacksonPower Electronics: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seth Sanders, Dean PattersonReliability: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .O.D. ”Bud” Trapp, Ann CampbellRobotics and Automation: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Steve Hsia, Stefano StramigioliSignal Processing: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . James KrogmeierSystems, Man and Cybernetics: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fei-Yue Wang, William SchererVehicular Technology: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Robert M. Barrett, E. Ryerson Case

Page 2 THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS, INC.

IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Council Newsletter Vol. 4, No. 1, January 2002

Council News

From the Editorby Alberto Broggi

Dear Colleague,with this issue, our Newsletter is going into its fourth year of publication. During these four years, our

IEEE Council on Intelligent Transportation Systems reached many outstanding goals that range from theappearance of our own Transactions, to the ever growing success of our two main conferences, from theconsolidated cooperation with the Computer Society’s IEEE Intelligent Systems Magazine to a flourishingand stimulating exchange of information on our Newsletter.

Besides the usual feature article, this issue contains many Call-for-Papers, not only related to the Council-sponsored Conferences. This will allow us a better scheduling of our activities, in order to meet the submissiondeadlines.

Both the Transactions’ Editor and myself have new affiliations, which I encourage you to note for allyour future submissions to our Transactions and more informal interaction within the Newsletter.

Again, I encourage you to contact me via e-mail at [email protected] regarding ideas and suggestionson how to improve our Newsletter, the main IEEE sponsored means of communication among ITS researchers.

Thanks again to everyone for helping me completing this very interesting issue.

From the IEEE ITS Council Presidentby Daniel J. Dailey

As I end my first year as ITSC President I would like to reflect on the IEEE and the IEEE ITS activities.

IEEE is a worldwide technical professional association of more than 350,000 members in 150 countriesand publishes 30 percent of the world’s literature in electrical engineering, computers and control technology.The ITS activity in IEEE, lead by the ITSC, is officially defined to be the theoretical, experimental andoperational aspects of electrical and electronics engineering and information technologies as applied to Intel-ligent Transportation Systems (ITS), where Intelligent Transportation Systems are defined as those systemsutilizing synergistic technologies and systems engineering concepts to develop and improve transportationsystems of all kinds.

THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS, INC. Page 3





The history of ITS activities within IEEE extends back over thirty years to 1970 with the publication ofa special issue of the Transactions on Vehicular Technology. In the 1970’s the chip scale computing power torealize ITS was not readily available, however researchers at Stanford and other places where using ’cathoderay tubes’ to create the first vision of advanced public transportation systems.

In 1980 a second special issue of the Transactions on Vehicular Technology was published. By the mid80’s chip scale computing was in existence and the need was for sensor technologies to make the vision ofITS a reality.

By the mid 1980’s GPS satellites where being put in orbit and other chip level sensors where under con-struction creating a fertile environment for a variety of experiments in ITS at Universities and in Companiesaround the world. Once again in 1990 the VT transaction published a special issue on ITS, but by thistime several IEEE bodies where holding conferences for specialists to meet and exchange ideas. The twoIEEE specialists conferences were the Vehicle Navigation and Instrumentation Systems Conference of theIEEE Vehicular Technology Society, whose history is shown in Table 1, and the Intelligent VehiclesSymposium of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, whose history is shown in Table 2.

1989 Toronto, Canada1991 Dearborn, USA1993 Ottawa, Canada1994 Yokohama, Japan1995 Seattle, USA

Table 1. Vehicle Navigation and Instrumentation SystemsConference of the IEEE Vehicular Technology Society

1992 Detroit, MI, USA1993 Tokyo, Japan1994 Paris, France1995 Detroit, MI, USA1996 Tokyo, Japan1998 Stuttgart, Germany

Table 2. Intelligent Vehicles Symposium of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society

By 1990 many ITS activities were taking place in Asia, Europe and North America. A few pivotalactivities that influenced the IEEE participation are show in table 3. In 1993 the IEEE Technical ActivitiesBoard, in an effort to focus the ITS activities taking place in several societies, created an AdHoc committeeon ITS that was made up of two representative from 18 societies. And in 1999 TAB approved the ITS AdHoccommittee becoming the IEEE ITS Council the next step in becoming a society.

The ITS council is the sponsor of the two premier technical conferences on ITS: the The IEEE Interna-tional Conference on ITS and the IV symposium. The history of these two international conferences, underthe auspices of the ITS Council, are shown in Table 4. The conferences have emphasized the internationalnature of ITS by rotating between North America, Europe and Asia.

The Council’s two flagship conferences were held in 2001 on two different continents at different timesof the year. The IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV’01) was held in Tokyo, Japan in May of 2001.IV’01 brought together vehicle researchers from academia and industry for a very successful symposium.High quality technical presentations on a range of issues that effect the future of vehicular travel were thefocal point.



The 4th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, ITSC’01, was held Oak-land California, USA, and 220 reviewed papers appear in the proceedings. ITSC’01 was a truly internationalevent, the countries represented here include: Austria, Canada, Czech Republic, Egypt, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hong Kong SAR, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Morocco, Netherlands, P. R.China, Poland, Portugal, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, UK, Taiwan R.O.C., USA, Ukraine, and Uruguay. Theattendance numbers at the conference as well as the quantity and quality of the submission demonstrate thewide audience for ITS activities.

The past and future locations for these two premier technical conferences on ITS are shown in Table 4.

1990 ITS America established by USDOT1991 IEEE Standards Coordinating Committee on ITS

standards (SCC32) established1993 IEEE Technical Activities Board (TAB) approves

ITS Committee1994 1st ITS World Congress, Paris, France1996 IEEE funded as a Standards Developing Organiza-

tion for USDOT1999 IEEE TAB approves IEEE Council and the IEEE

Transactions on ITS2000 IEEE Transactions on ITS appears in print

Table 3. The nineteen nineties’

Year Intelligent Transportation Systems Conf. Intelligent Vehicles Symp.1997 Boston, USA1999 Tokyo, Japan Tokyo, Japan2000 Dearborn, USA Dearborn, USA2001 Oakland, USA Tokyo, Japan2002 Singapore Paris, France2003 Shanghai, PRC Columbus, USA2004 Washington DC, USA Parma, Italy2005 Vienna, Austria or Toronto, Canada Beijing, PRC2006 Asia ?

Table 4. IEEE ITS Council Conference Locations

In 1990 I could not have imagined that the Council and the Conferences would be so successful. Thissuccess is due to the contributions of the volunteers from the IEEE ITS community. I would like to thank the2001 conference organizers for their hard work, I would also like to thank the officers and council membersfor their support, and I would encourage those reading this that are not yet active to come join this successfulgroup!



Human-Centered Intelligent Vehicles:Toward Multimodal Interface Integrationby Massimo Cellario

Human-Centered Intelligent Vehicles:Toward Multimodal Interface Integration

Reprint of the article appeared onIEEE Intelligent Systems, July-August 2001, p.78–81

ITS technologies provide vehicles with different types and levels of intelligence to complement the driver.Information systems expand the driver’s knowledge of routes and locations. Warning systems, such ascollision-avoidance technologies, enhance the driver’s ability to sense the surrounding environment. Driverassistance and automation technologies simulate the driver’s sensorimotor system to operate a vehicle eithertemporarily during emergencies or for prolonged periods.

Such new information and control technologies that make vehicles smarter are arriving on the marketas optional equipment or specialty after-market components. These technologies are being developed andmarketed to increase driver safety, performance, and convenience. However, these disparate componentsrequire further significant integration efforts to create a coherent intelligent vehicle that complements thehuman driver, fully considering his or her requirements, capabilities, and limitations.

A fully intelligent vehicle must work cooperatively with the driver [1]. New, uncoordinated technologiescould deliver excessive, competing, or contradictory messages and demands that might distract, confuse,and overwhelm the driver. This could cause an overload of the driver’s limited cognitive resources, therebydecreasing the driver’s performance and safety. An intelligent system senses its environment and acts toreach its objectives. So, its interaction and communication channels –that is, its interface– greatly influencethe type of intelligence it can display.

Primary requirements for a definition of a coherent intelligent system therefore include intrasystem inte-gration (among all subsystems, including input/output if applicable) and intersystems integration (amongthe systems and environment, including the user if present). An integrated, coordinated system is thus adefining feature of a human-centered intelligent vehicle. Without it, the vehicle would simply be a containerof potentially overlapping or conflicting technologies.

The quest for human-centered interface design

Recognizing the importance of smart vehicles and the potential unintended consequences if human factorsare not at the center of their design, the US Department of Transportation launched the Intelligent VehicleInitiative in 1997. ”The nation that develops and integrates an architecture that provides a seamless interfaceto the driver will dominate the automobile industry for many years to come,” stated the US NationalScience and Technology Council [2]. Among near-term measurements and standards needs for developingintelligent systems, the US National Institute of Standards and Technology has underlined the importanceof architecture and interface standards to enable adding intelligence to technology effectively.

The EU as well has identified human-technology interaction (HTI) as a short-term priority for the de-ployment of road transport technology in Europe. The Japanese government has also provided excellentorganization and funding for such standardization.

In this direction, the IT industry has begun promoting PC software platforms as a standard, flexible,and integrated solution for coordinating in-vehicle information and control technologies. Such technologies




will include systems for security (warning, assistance, and automation), information (navigation assistanceand traffic news), communication (Internet access, email, cell phones, faxes, and pagers), and entertainment(backseat movies, video games, and news). Furthermore, personalization, a basic principle in PC technologydevelopment, is strategic from an overall market perspective, because customization is attractive to bothdevelopers and end users.

Interface design issues

The integration of individual in-vehicle technologies will be reflected in coordinated and streamlineddisplays and controls. Over time, the vehicle will become increasingly sophisticated in how it communicatesinformation to and accepts com- mands from the driver.

This increasing complexity has underscored the importance of providing system developers with humanfactors guidance early during design. Driver-centered design, however, means more than the ergonomics of”knobs and dials.” It also requires that designers adopt what the Japanese call kansei, the infusion of humansensibility.

A key criterion for the development and introduction of an innovative technology is that it provides theintended benefits without unintended adverse consequences. Dri- ving is potentially dangerous. Althoughin-vehicle technologies can enhance the driver’s capabilities and comfort, the distinctive and complex natureof these systems suggests that they could further strain driver capacities and, if not carefully implemented,actually exacerbate existing traffic problems. The design of the drivervehicle interface, where the driverinteracts physically and cognitively with the vehicle, is therefore critical.

When giving drivers access to such systems inside the vehicle, designers must consider not only safety (thatis, not overloading the driver’s information-processing resources) but also driver acceptance and usability[3]. Driver acceptance will play a critical role in how intelligent vehicles look and perform, and the systeminterface will strongly influence how a user views and understands the system’s functionality. Interfaces mustbe intelligent, user friendly, effective, and transparent to use.

Careful HTI design can address these concerns, although many ITS technologies will likely still requireadditional driver education and training. Accurate HTI design lets users easily and naturally decompose atask into subtasks and map them to the system’s functions [4]. So, the first step in the design process is tooutline the potential information requirements for a given hypothetical system. This involves understandingthe nature of users’ tasks, the ways in which users most naturally decompose them, and the informationrequired to perform these tasks.

Recent development of intelligent transportation systems suggests that drivers will soon face a mass ofnew visual, auditory, and tactile information. In an intelligent vehicle, drivers will have access to moreinformation than they are traditionally accustomed. So, the vehicle itself will have to filter information, byselecting and enhancing relevant information only. Therefore, designers will have to make many decisionsconcerning what information to present and how, where, and when to present it.

Information display issues that will directly and significantly affect the system’s safety, usability, andacceptance include

• modality (for example, auditory, visual, and or tactile),• format (for example, text, map, tone, or voice),• location (for example, concentration and distribution, and head-up or head-down), and• time (for example, start time, duration, and frequency).

Multimodality

Most research on information displays has focused on the acceptability of the visual or auditory modality.Traditionally, drivers depend largely on vision for driving-related information. However, with an invehicle in-formation system (IVIS), drivers must perceive many different types of information, and a system’s exclusiveuse of one modality might lead to driver overload.



The lack of coherent and specific guidelines and standards for multimodal in-vehicle displays has resultedso far in design by consensus, because similar studies often present contradictory results or general theoreticalprinciples too difficult to apply directly.

With the overall goal to develop a comprehensive, usable set of guidelines, the US Department of Trans-portation has recently begun conducting simulator experiments that relate display modality, format, andlocation to additional critical variables such as

• information type, priority, and complexity;• trip status and driving load; and• the driver’s age and subjective workload.

Overall, in virtually every circumstance, carefully designed multimodal displays appear to be more benefi-cial than any single-modality display. Multimodal displays have exhibited safer driving behavior under everydriving condition, have been more effective in route guidance and emergency response, and have exhibitedbetter scores on many subjective workload measures [5].

Generally, the information architecture should be as simple as possible. If complex information is in-evitable, a multimodal display will lower the driver’s workload and will result in better driving performance.

However, to avoid annoying the user, multimodal information presentation should be conservative andcarefully balanced according to the capacity and limits of human sensory channels. (For example, balancedvisual and auditory information redundancy might reinforce message effectiveness, whereas excessive redun-dancy might result in a frustrating and unusable system.) A full understanding of the subtle trade-offs ofmultimodal information display will require significant research.

Additionally, most research on in-vehicle systems has concentrated on the presentation of navigationand warning information, resulting in accurate and detailed comparative literature about past and presentinterface prototypes.6 On the other hand, research and documentation on automation systems interfaces(and on comprehensive multifunction systems integration) is relatively rare. At the Universities of Paviaand Parma, my colleagues and I are developing a prototype for an automation system interface as a flexibleframework suitable for further multimodal ITS functions integration and testing (see the sidebar). As moreapplications are developed and integrated into working systems, researchers should continue to reevaluatehow different modalities and modality combinations affect driver performance.

The vision of a human-centered intelligent vehicle is not fixed; it will continuously evolve along withtechnological innovation. A forward-looking approach to technology, however, will always focus on thehumanmachine interface, the medium through which a user communicates with a system, the point ofcontact between people and technology.

References

1. C. Little, ”The Intelligent Vehicle Initiative: Advancing ‘Human-Centered’ Smart Vehicles,” PublicRoads Magazine, vol. 61, no. 2, Sept./Oct. 1997, pp. 1825; www.tfhrc.gov/pubrds/pr97-10/p18.htm(current 18 July 2001).

2. NTSC Human Centered Transportation Safety Team, ”The Human Centered Transportation Systemof the Future,” Proc. ITS America 7th Ann. Meeting, ITS America, Washington D.C., 1997.

3. M.C. Hulse et al., Development of Human Factors Guidelines for Advanced Traveler Information Sys-tems and Commercial Vehicle Operations: Identification of the Strengths and Weaknesses of AlternativeInformation Display Formats, tech. report FHWA-RD-96-142, Federal Highway Administration, Wash-ington, D.C., 1998; www.fhwa.dot.gov/tfhrc/safety/pubs/96142/96142.html (current 16 July 2001).

4. J. Preece et al., A Guide to Usability: Human Factors in Computing, Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass.,1993.

5. Y. Liu and T.A. Dingus, Development of Human Factors Guidelines for Advanced Traveler Informa-tion Systems (ATIS) and Commercial Vehicle Operations (CVO): Human Factors Evaluation of theEffectiveness of Multi-Modality Displays in Advanced Traveler Information Systems, tech. reportFHWA-RD-96-150, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., 1999; www.fhwa.dot.gov/tfhrc/safety/pubs/96150/96150.html (current 16 July 2001).


http://www.tfhrc.gov/pubrds/pr97-10/p18.htm

http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/tfhrc/safety/pubs/96142/96142.html




6. C. Carney et al., ”In-Vehicle Display Icons and Other Information Elements: Literature Review,” tech.rep. FHWA-RD-98-164, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., 1998; www.fhwa.dot.gov/tfhrc/safety/pubs/98164/98164.html (current 26 July 2001).

Sidebar: An Autonomous Vehicle Interface Prototype

A recent collaboration between the University of Pavia’s Computer Vision Laboratory and the Universityof Parma’s Department of Information Engineering has lead to an integrated, multimodal interface prototypedeveloped for the ARGO autonomous vehicle. ARGO is a passenger car with a real-time vision-based controlsystem for extracting road and environmental information (lane markings, vehicles, and obstacles) and forautonomously steering the vehicle (see A. Broggi et al., Automatic Vehicle Guidance: The Experience of theARGO Autonomous Vehicle, World Scientific, Singapore, 1999).

The automatic driving system’s interface (see Figure A) lets the driver adjust various driving parametersand select one of these driving modes:

• Manual: The system monitors the driver’s activity and warns the driver of potentially dangeroussituations (options: lane departure warning and vehicle or obstacle detection).• Supervised: The system temporarily controls the vehicle to keep it safe in dangerous situations (options:

lane keeping and vehicle or obstacle collision avoidance).• Automatic: The system controls the vehicle for an extended period (options: lane or vehicle following).

In the first prototype

Figure A. Two interface prototypes for the ARGO autonomous vehicle: (1) thefirst prototype, a dashboard-integrated control panel; (2) the current prototype,a GUI on a Pocket PC (a sample screen shot showing automatic mode and thelane-following option).

(see Fig. A1), a dashboard-integrated control panelprovided buttons for set-ting the system’s driv-ing mode and other pa-rameters for the devel-oper. An LED-based dis-play indicated the car’sposition relative to thelane’s center. Audio mes-sages warned the driverof detected dangerous con-ditions and confirmed acommand’s reception andexecution through vocalmessages, simple tones,or special-purpose ”earcons” (auditory icons such as an alarm siren). An onboard video monitor functionedas a debugging tool, providing full visibility of all system data as well as vehicle status.

Although this first interface proved effective and simple enough for anyone to use, the limitations of itshard-coded interaction paradigm led us to develop a second prototype (see Figure A2). Although we stillprincipally intend the new interface architecture to support the developer (and only partially to support aneventual end user), we have designed and implemented it as an integrated, coherent, and flexible interactionframework (see Figure B). Such a framework is suitable for both automation system testing and furtherhuman-factors experiments in drivervehicle interaction. In particular, we have implemented a client-serverarchitecture on ARGO’s core Linux-PC system (the server) and on a Windows CEPocket PC subsystem(the client)-a personal, configurable, and mobile platform.

The prototype implements a simplified information architecture onto a basic and essential multimodal-interaction paradigm: a simple ”windowsbuttons” metaphor on the Pocket PC touch screen lets the drivereasily select the system’s driving modes and options while providing essential visual and auditory controlfeedback (for example, warning messages and command confirmations).




http://www.argo.ce.unipr.it


As I previously stated, the PC-based architecture provides a practical and flexible way to coordinateexisting in-vehicle information and control technologies. It also lets us easily expand the system’s capabilitiesuniformly and coherently. Furthermore, the Pocket PC’s graphical user interface is an attractive feature fordevelopers (who can easily redesign the interface and evaluate different interface languages) and end users(who can adapt the interaction dialogue to their preferences). The device’s mobility and extensibility (theability to integrate different functions and programs) offer additional, distinctive advantages for developersand users.

Future development

Figure B. The driver-vehicle-infrastructure interaction framework (a user-system-environment human-technology interaction scheme) for the second interfaceprototype (see Figure A2). A satellite handheld device (a Pocket PC) mediatesdriver interaction with the core automation system (a PC); existing additionaldriver-vehicle relations remain unmodified.

of ARGO’s system in-terface will focus on ad-vanced human-centeredmultimodal integration,gradually shifting the in-teraction paradigm to-ward the average end user.We’ll explore and eval-uate innovative in-vehicleinteraction languages anddevices, paying partic-ular attention to alter-native visual, auditory,and tactile inputoutputmetaphors (for example,different graphical solu-tions, directional sound, steering wheel feedback, speech recognition, and gaze and gesture recognition).

Calendar of Council Eventsby Charles J. Herget

Next Meetings are scheduled as follows:

ITS Executive Committee Meetings:

February 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . teleconferenceJune 17, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Versailles, France

during the IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium 2002July 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . teleconferenceSeptember 2, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Singapore

during IEEE ITSC 2002




ITS Council Meetings:

February 14, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tempe, Arizonaduring IEEE TAB meeting

(election of 2003 officers)September 2, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Singapore

during IEEE ITSC 2002

Report on the 4th IEEE ITS Conference 2001by Pravin Varaiya

There were six simulations sessions making a total of 63 sessions (both special and reviewed), with fourpapers each session.

The 4th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, ITSC’01, was held Oak-land California, USA, and 220 reviewed papers (from a total of 280 submissions) appear in the proceedings.The reviewed papers were presented in 55 sessions. An additional 8 sessions featured special invited panels.In all, 241 people attended the conference.

The plenary session which inaugurated the Conference consisted of four talks by Larry Burns, VP forResearch and Global Planning, GM; Jeff Morales, Director of California Dept. of Transportation, AnnFlemer, Deputy Director, Metropolitan Transportation Commission; and Carl Guardino, President andCEO of the Silicon Valley Manufacturing Group. Jeffrey Lindley, Director, office of Travel Management,FHWA, was the speaker at the Conference lunch.

The Bay Area Rapid Transit, Bay Area Traffic Mangament Center, and the California PATH programhosted technical tours on the day following the Conference. These tours were well attended.

ITSC’01 was a truly international event, the countries represented included: Austria, Canada, CzechRepublic, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong SAR, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea,Mexico, Morocco, Netherlands, P. R. China, Poland, Portugal, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, UK, TaiwanR.O.C., USA, Ukraine, and Uruguay.

Every continent except Antarctica was represented.

The attendance numbers at the conference as well as the quantity and quality of the submission demon-strate the wide audience for ITS activities.




Report on the IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium 2001by Shunsuke Kamijo

The IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Sym-

The entrance to the IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium 2001

posium 2001 was held on May 13-17,2001 in Tokyo, Japan, and about 177people participated in the symposium.The Symposium was composed of a sin-gle track of sessions that include oraland poster sessions where 84 papers werepublished. The topics of the sympo-sium were focused on technologies onautonomous driving systems and inter-vehicle communication systems, politi-cal issues, and some projects.

Tutorials

Tutorials were held on May 13.Dr. Angermann presented an interestingtalk on ”Heterogeneous communicationand navigation infrastructures for ITSand related mobile services”. And Dr.Tsugawa presented a talk on ”An Overview on AVCSS(AdvanceVehicle Control and Safety Systems) Research Activities”.

Conference: Orals and Posters

Lane Recognition and Lane Keeping:Detection technologies of white lanes or road sides without white lanes for autonomous driving waspresented. All of them employed vision sensors for lane detection. In particular a research on roadside detection showed to be robust against variations in illumination. Of these, an interesting researchchallenged autonomous tandem driving in snowy environment with successful results.

Oral presentations Poster presentations




Object Classification:Most of the papers were interested in classification among vehicles, pedestrians and obstacles, whereasa paper was interested in classifying occupancies of a vehicle for the purpose of smart airbags.

Obstacle Detection and Obstacle Avoidance:Vision sensors, laser Sensors and their fusions were employed to detect obstacles. Of these, an inter-esting research has tried early detection of children’s running on the road by detecting a bouncingball.

Projects:AVIP (Army’s Vehicle Intelligent Program) from U.S., projects of driver assistance from EU and Japanwere presented. In particular the two sessions were concentrated on DEMO2000 project for AHS froma Japanese research group.

Live demonstrations during the Technical Tours The outstanding banquet

Technical Tour

A technical tour based on DEMO2000 Experiment was held on May 17 at Tsukuba city where 35 peopleparticipated in the tour. Groups of MEL(Mechanical Engineering Laboratory) and PWRI (Public WorksResearch Institute) demonstrated their technologies on Advanced cruise-Assist Highway systems.

According to such great contributions of researchers from many countries, the IEEE Transaction on ITSis preparing a Special Issue on the best papers presented at IV2001; it will be published in early 2002.



Call For Participation: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium 2002by Michel Parent

The Intelligent Vehicle Symposium which will take place in Versailles, France, June 18-20 has attracteda very large list of proposals with more than 130 full papers received at the deadline (for only 45 slots fororal presentation). The symposium should therefore be of the highest quality. More than 300 participantsare expected in the very nice congress center located in downtown Versailles, just across from the famousPalace, with easy connection to downtown Paris.

This symposium will also be linked to ”Demo 02”, a large presentation of advanced vehicles also inVersailles on the test tracks of Satory, where the joint research laboratory of INRETS and LCPC on IntelligentVehicles (LIVIC) is located. The demos will take place on June 20-21.

The IV Symposium will also be the first opportunity to present together several automated city vehicleswhich are developed in the framework of the European project CyberCars (www.cybercars.org).

For more information, see www.inria.fr/iv2002

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SECOND

ANNOUNCEMENT

The IEEE 5th International

Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems

3-6 September 2002, Singapore Singapore International Convention & Exhibition Centre

www.itvs.eng.nus.edu.sg/itsc2002

Organiser: IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Council Host Centre for Transportation Research & Secretariat: National University of Singapore

CFP: The 5th IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conferenceby Der-Horng Lee




ABOUT THE CONFERENCE The IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems is a conference series sponsored by the IEEE ITS Council. The focus of this conference is on basic research and applications of leading advances in communications, computer, control, electronics and related technologies in ITS. Past conferences have been held in Boston, Massachusetts (1997), Tokyo, Japan (1999), Dearborn, Michigan (2000) and Oakland, California (2001). The fifth conference in the series will be held in Singapore from September 3-6, 2002. This is the first time the ITSC conference is being held outside U.S. and Japan. The coming conference is organized by the Centre for Transportation Research, National University of Singapore, and supported by the Land Transport Authority of Singapore. It is hope that delegates will, in additional to the exchange of technical information through formal sessions, see several large-scale and operational ITS systems in Singapore during the technical tours.

TECHNICAL PROGRAM COMMITTEE MEMBERS Baher Abdulhai, University of Toronto, Canada Masayoshi Aoki, Seikei University, Japan Michael Bell, University of New Castle upon Tyne, UK Yuanli Cai, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China Ismail Chabini, MIT, USA Kyung Soo Chon, Seoul National University, Korea Daniel Dailey, University of Washington, USA Hussein Dia, University of Queensland, Australia Mark Dougherty, Dalarna University, Sweden Karsten O. Fels, Daimler Chrysler, USA Takeshi Fujioka, University of Tokyo, Japan Takaaki Hasegawa, Saitama University, Japan Mark Hickman, University of Arizona, USA Chi-Hong Ho, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan Akio Hosaka, Advanced Cruise-Assist Highway System Research Association, Japan Hideneori Ishihara, Kagawa University, Japan R. Jayakrishnan, University of California at Irvine, USA Shunsuke Kamijo, University of Tokyo, Japan Wei Hua Lin, University of Arizona, USA Ryuji Kohno, Yokohama National University, Japan Hong K. Lo, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, China Filippo Logi, Technical University of Munich, Germany Pitu Merchandani, University of Arizona, USA Shashi Sathisan Nambisan, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, USA Peter Nelson, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA Markos Papageorgiou, Technical University of Crete, Greece Srinivas Peeta, Purdue University, USA Bin Ran, University of Wisconsin at Madison, USA Amelia Regan, University of California at Irvine, USA Qixin Shi, Tsinghua University, China Ryosuke Shibasaki, University of Tokyo, Japan Tsuneo Takahashi, Honda R&D Co Ltd., Japan Andrzej Tarko, Purdue University, USA Michael Taylor, University of South Australia, Australia S. C. Wong, University of Hong Kong Michael Zhang, University of California at Davis, USA Thanasis Ziliaskopoulos, Northwestern University, USA

ADVISORY COMMITTEE Dr. Kan Chen Professor Emeritus Dept. of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science University of Michigan USA Dr. Fumio Harashima President Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Technology Japan Dr. Katsushi Ikeuchi Professor Institute of industrial Science University of Tokyo Japan Dr. Masao Kuwahara Professor Institute of industrial Science University of Tokyo Japan Dr. Umit Ozguner TRC Inc. Chair on ITS Dept. of Electrical Engineering Ohio State University USA Dr. Stephen Ritchie Professor Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of California at Irvine USA Dr. Sadayuki Tsugawa ITS Research Group Leader Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Japan Mr. Tetsuo Sugimoto Director, International Affairs ITS Japan Japan Dr. Pravin Varaiya Nortel Networks Distinguished Professor Dept. of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science University of California at Berkeley USA Dr. C. Michael Walton Ernest H. Cockrell Centennial Chair Dept. of Civil Engineering University of Texas at Austin USA

PROGRAM TOPICS Sensors (infrastructure & vehicle-based) Communications (side area & vehicle-to-roadside) Simulation (continuous, discrete, real-time) Human-Computer Interfaces (displays, artificial speech) Control (adaptive, fuzzy, cooperative neuro) Decision Systems (expert systems, intelligent agents) Information Systems (databases, data fusion, security) Computers (hardware, software) Technology Forecasting & Transfer System/Subsystem Electromagnetic Compatibility Signal Processing Reliability & Quality Assurance Imaging & Image Analysis Vehicle Control Standards Traffic Theory in ITS Routing & Route Guidance Transit Applications Air Traffic Control Navigation & Guidance System Port and Terminal Automation



Special Events *Day 1 – Welcome Reception at Resort Island *Day 2 – Night Safari Tour with Dinner *Day 4 – Technical Tours

TECHNICAL TOUR 1: ELECTRONIC ROAD PRICING (ERP) SYSTEM Singapore currently has an extensive ERP system with more than 45 automated toll-collection gantries cordoning the central business district and at strategic locations along expressways and major arterials. Pricing charges, based on time-of-day and passenger car unit (PCU) of vehicle types, are revised every three months. This technical tour will take delegates to the ERP Control Centre at the Land Transport Authority. Participants will be able to view the central monitoring, control, and enforcement facilities, a roadside gantry and in-vehicle units. The presentation will also cover the history of road pricing in Singapore.

TECHNICAL TOUR 2: INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS CENTRE (ITSC) In this technical tour, participants will visit the Land Transport Authority's ITSC. This is a centralized facility that houses various transportation management systems: the Green Link Determination (GLIDE) traffic signal control systems covering more than 1600 intersections, and the Expressway Monitoring and Advisory System (EMAS), among others. Included in the EMAS system is the Central Expressway Tunnel Control System. There is also a Junction Eye intersection traffic monitoring system for several critical intersections.

TECHNICAL TOUR 3: MASS RAPID TRANSIT/LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT (MRT/LRT) SYSTEMS Singapore's MRT network consists of 83 km of track, of which 19 km are underground. There are 15 underground stations, 33 elevated stations and 1 station at ground level. The only LRT system is at the Bukit Panjang housing estate. It has 14 stations and 7.8 km of elevated guideway. All the LRT trains and stations are unmanned. This visit will take delegates to the Chua Chu Kang interchange that links the MRT, LRT and bus systems. Participants will have an opportunity to ride on the MRT and LRT trains. Included in this tour is a visit to the LRT Operations Control Centre, which is integrated with a commercial development.

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE General Co-Chairs Teck Seng Low, National University of Singapore Hideki Hashimoto, University of Tokyo Program Co-Chairs Tien Fang Fwa, National University of Singapore Chelsea White, Georgia Institute of Technology Shigeru Okuma, Nagoya University Finance Chair Marcelo H Ang Jr, National University of Singapore Treasurer Chor Eong Ong, National University of Singapore Secretary Der-Horng Lee, National University of Singapore Publication Co-Chairs Ruey Long Cheu, National University of Singapore Dipti Srinivasan, National University of Singapore Publicity Co-Chairs Weng Tat Chan, National University of Singapore Toshio Fukuda, Nagoya University Ka C. Cheok, Oakland University Stefano Stramigioli, University of Twente Registration Co-Chairs Adrian Cheok, National University of Singapore Kuntal Sengupta, National University of Singapore Local Arrangement Co-Chairs Jianxin Xu, National University of Singapore Che Sau Chang, National University of Singapore S V Rao, National University of Singapore Mong Kee Sing, Land Transport Authority, Singapore

TECHNICAL TOUR 4: GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) BASED TAXI DISPATCHING CENTRE Singapore currently has a total taxi population of approximately 18,000 vehicles operated by 4 taxi companies. Almost all the taxis are equipped with GPS-based automated dispatching system owned and operated by the respective companies. This technical visit will take delegates to one of the taxi companies in Singapore to view its automated call booking and dispatching facilities. This centre currently handles various modes of taxi booking and dispatching for the company's taxis. Participants will have a better understanding of the various modes of taxi services in Singapore.



PRELIMINARY PROGRAM

PAPER SUBMISSION Complete manuscripts in PDF format must be electronically submitted for review no later than March 1, 2002 at the following address:

www.itvs.eng.nus.edu.sg/itsc2002

Submitted manuscripts must be no longer than six (6) pages in IEEE two-column format, including figures, tables, and references. A LaTeX style file and a Microsoft Word template are available from the IEEE web site (www.ieee.org/organizations/pubs/authors.html). HOWEVER, submissions MUST be in PDF format.

In addition to the manuscript, a cover page (page 0) should be sent that includes: (1) the title of the paper, (2) the name(s) of the author(s), (3) the program topics, and (4) the name, mailing address, telephone and fax numbers, and email address of the corresponding author. Notification of acceptance is scheduled for May 15, 2002.

Important Dates

Paper submission deadline……………………… March 1, 2002 Notification of acceptance………………………. May 15, 2002 Camera-ready copy due………………………….. July 1, 2002



Report on IEEE Trans. on Intelligent Transportation Systemsby Chelsea C. White

IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems

Editor’s Report, 15 November 2001

We are pleased to announce that Volume 2, 2001 will be meeting the publication deadline. The totalnumber of pages published for 2000 was 252 pages. We expect the same number of pages for 2001. This isexactly 5% over the pages budget for each year.

The number of papers received per month is listed in the following table. Publication decisions forcompleted reviews are also listed according to the month in which the papers were received. Please keep inmind that the tables below do not include papers that were handled and accepted by the guest editors of thespecial issues. However, it should be noted that the editor sent formal letters of acceptance and informationfor completing the final manuscripts once the guest editors made their final paper selections. In addition,we prepared and sent the final manuscript materials to the publisher.

As the charts suggest, we could improve the turn around time for the papers. Messages will go out soonto associate editors indicating the status of the papers assigned to each according. We appreciate the effortsof each of the associate editors and hope that they will be able to reduce the time it takes to obtain reviews.

As of 1 January 2001, I will become a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology. My new addressinformation is as follows:

Chelsea C. White IIIGFB International Professor of Transportation and LogisticsSchool of Industrial and Systems Engineering (ISyE)765 Ferst AvenueAtlanta, Georgia 30332-0205 U.S.A.Phone 404 894 2307 - FAX 404 894 2301EMail: [email protected]

Updates on special issues are as follows:

The Special Issue on Automated Air Traffic Control Systems Part II was published in the hopes to theJune issue of the Transactions. Prof. N. Harris McClamroch and Dr. Banavar Sridar were Guest Editors.

The special issue on Communications Technology for ITS, Guest edited by Prof. Ryuji Kohno will bepublished as Vol. 2, No. 4, December 2001. This issue will contain 4 papers for the special issue and anadditional regular papers due to concern over making the page budget. One paper accepted for the specialissue was not received in time to make it into the special issue. It will be published at a later date in a regularissue. Prof. Kohno has also proposed a second special issue on Communications Technology containing thebest papers presented at IV2001.

Professors Alberto Broggi and Petros Ioannou are proceeding with their special issue special issue com-posed of the best papers presented at ITSC and IV 2000. We hope to publish this issue in March of 2001.





Markos Papageorgiou will be helping Prof. Ioannou with papers from the ITSC while Prof. Shoichi Washinowill be helping Prof. Broggi with the IV papers with the exception that they will not work with their ownpapers. Only those papers requiring minor revision being accepted for the special issue. The remainingpapers will be considered for submission to regular issues of the transactions.

Prof. Katsushi Ikeuchi has proposed a special issue of papers presented at IV 2001 in the area of IntelligentControl and Sensing in IV. He plans an issue of 5-6 papers with a 50page-budget. We hope to publish thatissue in June of 2001.

Prof. Shoichi Washino would like to propose a special issue from the ITS World Congress but at presentthe page budget is a limitation.

Prof. Angela Di Febbraro of DAUIN - Politecnico di Torino has submitted a proposal for a special issueon the ”Discrete Event Systems in Transportation.”

Given the interest in special issues and in accordance with the original plan, we have increased the pagebudget for 2002 to 360 pages. Most of the special issues seem to be able to generate 10 to 12 papers. Wehad to divide the first two special issues into two parts in order to avoid going over our page budget. Guesteditors Kohno, Broggi, and Ioannou have reduced the size of their special issues because of page budgetconstraints. However, with an increased page budget, this may not be as necessary in the future and mayresult in higher quality special issues. As mentioned above, the actual yearend page total may be no morethan plus or minus 5%.

We would like to thank everyone in advance for his or her patience with us during this very busy timeof transition. We will do everything in our power to make the move as quickly and smoothly as possibleso that there will be as little interruption in the editorial process as possible. However, we hope you willunderstand that it has been a very hectic few months for us. Therefore, a few glitches may be expected.Please call problems to our attention so that we can correct them as soon as time allows.



Year 1999Month Number

of Papers Received

Number of

Decisions

Accept Not Quite Ready

Resubmit Reject Not Appropriate

January 0 0February 2 2 1 1March 5 4 1 2 1April 1 1 1May 6 6 1 4 1June 1 1 1July 1 1 1August 1 1 1September 1 1 1October 2 1 1November 5 4 1 1 2December 2 1 1Total 27 23 5 2 8 7 1

Year 2000January 5 4 1 2 1February 9 7 3 1 2 1March 6 6 1 2 3April 7 7 1 1 3 2May 6 5 2 2 1June 10 8 3 3 2July 7 3 2 1August 3 1 1September 6 3 1 1 1October 4 0November 2 0December 2 2 1 1Total 67 46 12 3 16 13 2

Year 2001January 3February 2March 0April 5May 2June 7July 2August 7September 3October 5November 0 to dateTotal 36



IEEE Trans. on Intelligent Transportation Systems - Indexby Jerri White

Vol.2, No.3, September 2000

• Investigation for a Global AVL System, by N. Papadoglou (Vodafone Group, Newbury, U.K.)and E. Stipidis (University of Sussex, U.K.)

Abstract: Real-time reporting systems are now becoming widely available, in order to aid emer-gency dispatch assistance and traffic control management as being an important part of intelligenttransportation systems (ITS). Based on the fact that the Global System Mobile (GSM) standardis widely accepted as being the most comprehensively deployed of all the various second generationdigital cellular telephony standards, studies have been focused on using it as a communicationlink for real-time application reporting. This paper introduces a study made on an integratedsystem incorporating a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, a control area network (CAN)and the Short Message Service (SMS) of GSM as the transmission media. The goal of the researchstudy conducted, is to measure the end to end delays experienced, and consequently its practi-cality, when using a CAN bus and the GSM-SMS bearer service for position reporting for usein an ITS environment. The paper initially presents the previous research that has been carriedout relevant to this study. Following it outlines the system architecture of the integrated systemstudied together with its functionality in an ITS environment. The results obtained from the var-ious simulation scenarios are presented as well as an estimation algorithm that aims to diminishthe positioning error incorporated from the transmission delays occurred. Concluding this paperdiscusses the advantages of using this integrated system as a solution for position reporting inITS as well as proposing further research to be conducted.

• Ultrasonic Vehicle Detector for Side-Fire Implementation and Extensive Results Includ-ing Harsh Conditions, by H. Kim (Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea), J.-H. Lee (BluebirdsoftInc., Seoul, Korea), S.-W. Kim (Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea), J.-I. Ko (Bluebirdsoft Inc.,Seoul, Korea), and D. Cho (Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea)

Abstract: Vehicle detectors, which collect passing vehicle information and traffic conditions inreal time, are one of the most basic elements for the implementation of efficient traffic managementand information systems. This paper develops an ultrasonic vehicle detector (UVD) system thatcan be implemented in a side-fire configuration. Conventionally, UVD systems are installed usingover-hanging structure or bridges in overhead configurations. In this overhead configuration,the sensors are mounted directly over the road surface. If these sensors can be mounted fromthe side of a road, the installation cost can be reduced. In addition, the aesthetic integrity ofroadways will not be affected very much. However, this side-fire configuration has not been used,because of the fact that vehicles generally do not have sufficiently large oblique-angled surfacesto reflect the emitted ultrasonic wave back to the sensor for detection. This paper reports onthe feasibility of a side-fire UVD system. A new low-cost instrumentation and control systemfor side-fire implementation was developed, and comprehensive experiments were performed athighway and downtown test sites. Experimental conditions included various traffic conditionsas well as various weather conditions, including daylight, dusk, night, heavy rain, and heavysnow. Traffic data were generated for every five minutes. For the highway location, the vehiclecounting error was less than 1the downtown location, the error was approximately 3normal weatherconditions and approximately 5storm. The larger error in downtown is mainly attributed tovehicles changing lane. We believe that these side-fire implementations results are adequate forimplementing advanced traveler information systems (ATIS).




• LED Location Beacon System Based on Processing of Digital Images, by G.K.H. Pang (TheUniversity of Hong Kong, Hong Kong) and H.H.S. Liu (The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong)

Abstract: This paper is in the field of vehicle positioning technology for the Intelligent Trans-portation Systems. The ideas of an innovative light-emitting diode (LED)-based location beaconsystem are developed and verified. The system developed is a combination of several latest tech-nologies which include a CMOS vision sensor, high brightness LEDs, and digital image processingtechniques. It belongs to a new kind of simplex communication link. A digital camera is used tocapture images contained in the LED beacon signal. The captured digital images are processedby the algorithms developed and a location code is extracted. The location code can be usedfor calibration of a vehicle positioning system which may consist of a GPS, Inertial NavigationSystems (INS) and other sensors. The issues examined include the structure of the transmitterand the receiver, the signaling method, the transmission protocol of the LED panel, the relation-ship between the camera capturing rate and the LED pattern update rate, the digital cameraexposure technology, and the efficiency of the image processing algorithms. Experiments using aprototype transmitter and a receiver were performed. The experimental results provide a gooddemonstration of the viability of the ideas and methodologies developed.

• Content-Based Event Retrieval Using Semantic Scene Interpretation for Automated Traf-fic Surveillance, by Y.-K. Jung (Honam University, Kwangju, Korea), K.-W. Lee (Taejon University,Taejon, Korea), and Y.-S. Ho (Kwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Kwangju, Korea)

Abstract: This paper proposes an object segmentation and tracking algorithm for visual surveil-lance applications. In order to detect moving objects from a dynamic background scene whichmay have temporal clutters such as swaying plants, we devised an adaptive background updatemethod and a motion classification rule. A two-dimensional token-based tracking system usinga Kalman filter is designed to track individual objects under occlusion conditions. We proposea new occlusion reasoning approach where we consider two different types of occlusion: explicitocclusion and implicit occlusion. By tracking individual objects with segmented data, we cangenerate motion trajectories and set a motion model using polynomial curve fitting. The trajec-tory model is used as an indexing key for accessing the individual object in the semantic level.We also propose an efficient way of indexing and searching based on object-specific features atdifferent semantic levels. The proposed searching scheme supports various queries including queryby example, query by sketch, and query on weighting parameters for event-based retrieval. Whenretrieving an interested video clip, the system returns the best matching event in the similarityorder. In addition, we implement a temporal event graph for direct accessing and browsing of aspecific event in the video sequence.



CFP: IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systemsby Chelsea C. White

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Non-Council ITS News

Intertraffic Innovation Awardby Jacqueline van der Kooij

INTERTRAFFIC AMSTERDAM 2002 TO FEATURE

FIRST PRESENTATION OF NEW AWARD

The international trade fair Intertraffic Amsterdam 2002 will be held in Amsterdam from 15 to 18 April2002. During the fair a new prize for thebest innovation - the Intertraffic InnovationAward - will be presented for the first time.

This new event is to be held at leastonce every two years and should provide ev-ery opportunity for the companies that takepart to get extra exposure. Participation inthe competition is open to all exhibitors atthe exhibition. The competition entry pe-riod closes on 14 January 2002.

In the knowledge that Intertraffic Ams-terdam has for many years been the marketleader in its field, the organisers have triedto find a fresh incentive for both exhibitorsand visitors. With effect from the 2002 fair,which will be held from 15 to 18 April, theexhibitors will be invited to enter their lat-est products or services in the competitionfor the Intertraffic Innovation Award.

Companies that take part in Intertraf-fic Amsterdam 2002 can register their mostinnovative products to compete in the juryselection for the Intertraffic Innovation Award2002.




The entries will be assessed by an independent and expert jury consisting of:

• Professor I.A. Hansen, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology• Professor A. Broggi, Intelligent Transportation Systems Council - University of Parma, Italy• Mr H. Luikens, Director, Directorate-General of Public Works and Water Management Transport

Research Centre - AVV• Mr W. de Lange, Deputy Director General of the Royal Dutch Touring Club - ANWB• Mr B. Westerduin, former Director General of the Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water

Management - Directorate-General for Freight Transport

Entries in the competition must be registered with the organisers before 14 January 2002, after which thejury will make its first assessment by reference to the particulars submitted on paper. This will be followedby an assessment of the shortlisted products at the exhibition itself on 16 April 2002. The winner will beannounced that same evening (i.e. 16 April) at a meeting held at 7 p.m.

Intertraffic Amsterdam 2002 will be open from 11 a.m. to 7 p.m. on 15, 16 and 17 April 2002 and from11 a.m. to 5 p.m. on 18 April 2002.

More information about participation in the competition for the Intertraffic Innovation Award 2002 canbe obtained from the Intertraffic Project Team, tel.: +31(0)20 5491212.

CFP: IEEE Intelligent Systems Magazineby Alberto Broggi

IEEE Intelligent Systems Magazine

Call for Short Papers/Reports

IEEE Intelligent Systems Magazine has started a regular department on Intelligent TransportationSystems. This department (published in each issue) describes current trends and ideas for future sys-tems/realizations/projects in the field of ITS.

People willing to share their ideas and disseminate the results oftheir projects are invited to prepare a short article (from 2 to 5 mag-azine pages) describing current trends, projects, research directions,and their experience in any field of Intelligent Transportation Systems.

For further publication guidelines and for suggestions, contact theeditor at [email protected] with a possible outline of the proposedarticle or browse www.ce.unipr.it/broggi/is-department for a quicklook at past installations of this department.

Thanks to an agreement with the Magazine, published articles arereprinted in this Newsletter.




http://www.ce.unipr.it/broggi/is-department


CFP: ATT Congress 2002by Alyson Stonehouse

(A) TOTAL VEHICLE ISSUES• EUROPEAN REGULATIONS

• GLOBAL HARMONISATION

• LEGAL ISSUES

• ADAPTING DESIGNS FOR DISABLED DRIVERS

AND OCCUPANTS

• CO-OPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAMMES

(B) BODY ENGINEERING ISSUES• BODY ENGINEERING

• OCCUPANT PROTECTION AND SAFETY

• REAR AND SIDE IMPACT

• HUMAN FACTORS: SEATING, LIGHTING, COMFORT,DRIVING AND TELEMATICS

• AIRBAGS

• SAFETY

• AERODYNAMICS

• BIOMECHANICS

• CAD/CAM(C) POWERTRAIN• DIESEL ENGINES

ADVANCED COMBUSTION

ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROLS

ALTERNATIVE FUELS

DIESEL COMBUSTION PROCESSES

NEW DIESEL ENGINES AND COMPONENTS

IN-CYLINDER DIESEL PARTICULATE AND NOX

CONTROL

CI ENGINE MODELLING

MULTI-DIMENSIONAL MODELLING

DIESEL FUEL INJECTION AND SPRAYS

NVH SYSTEMS

ENGINE BEARINGS

ENGINE COOLANTS

COOLING SYSTEM COMPONENTS

• SPARK IGNITION ENGINES

ADVANCED COMBUSTION

NEW SI ENGINE DESIGN

SI ENGINE COMPONENTS TECHNOLOGY

VEHICLE AND ENGINE SYSTEMS MODELS

ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROLS

TWO STROKE ENGINES (COMBUSTION, SCAV- ENGING, MODELLING, ENGINE DESIGN, ETC.)

SI FUEL INJECTION AND SPRAYS

SMALL FOUR STROKE ENGINES

VARIABLE VALVE ACTUATION AND CONTROL

VARIABLE COMPRESSION ENGINE CONTROL

ADIABATICS

NVH SYSTEMS

MULTI-DIMENSIONAL MODELLING

SI ENGINE MODELLING

DIRECT INJECTED FOUR-STROKE ENGINES

COMBUSTION AND FLOW DIAGNOSTICS

IN-CYLINDER VELOCITY MEASUREMENTS

ADVANCED TURBOCHARGERS AND POWERBOOST

STIRLING ENGINES

ADVANCED CONCEPTS IN POWERPLANTS

ROTARY ENGINES

AUTOMOTIVE GAS TURBINES

CERAMICS FOR HEAT ENGINES

ADVANCED HYBRID VEHICLE POWERTRAINS

FUEL CELLS FOR TRANSPORTATION

• PASSENGER CAR AND LIGHT DUTY ENGINES

NEW PRODUCTION ENGINE DESIGN ENGINE

COMPONENTS

FILTRATION

BEARINGS

HOMOGENEOUS OR PREMIXED CHARGED COM- PRESSION IGNITION ENGINES (CONTROLLED

AUTO-IGNITION)

Automotive & TransportationTechnology Congress

2002 Automotive & Transportation Technology Congress9-11 July • Palais des Congrès • Paris, France

CALL FOR PAPERSThe Automotive & Transportation Technology Congress (ATT) is pleased to announce that the 2002 event will be co-located withthe SAE International Body Engineering Conference & Exhibition (IBEC) providing an excellent opportunity to showcase recenttrends and technology in the global automotive community. This collaboration will bring together industry experts in an expandedhigh quality technical program to address almost every aspect of ground vehicle engineering. Planning has begun and abstractsare now being invited on (but not limited to) the following subjects:

(D) FUELS• PETROLEUM

• DIESEL AND BIO-DIESEL

• ETHANOL

• COMPRESSED OR LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS

• HYDROGEN AND HYDROGEN BLENDS

• REFORMULATED LIQUID FUEL

• ALTERNATIVE LIQUID FUEL

(E) HEAT TRANSFERS AND HEATEXCHANGERS

• UNDERHOOD TEMPERATURE CONTROL

• ENGINE COOLING AND WARM-UP

• COLD WEATHER CONDITIONS

• BASIC REFRIGERANTS

• CLIMATE CONTROL

(F) MANUFACTURING• MANUFACTURING PROCESSES

• INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

• SUPPLY CHAIN

• QUALITY

• LEAN MANUFACTURING

• JOINING APPLICATIONS

• ROBOTICS

• OPTICAL METROLOGY

(G) MATERIALS• FERROUS

COATED MATERIALS

CASTINGS

FATIGUE RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS

JOINING AND WELDING

APPLICATIONS FOR HIGH STRENGTH STEEL BAR

AND MICROALLOYED FORGINGS

STAMPING TECHNOLOGY

• NON-FERROUS

METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES

ALUMINIUM APPLICATIONS

MAGNESIUM

NON-FERROUS VEHICLES STRUCTURES AND

APPLICATIONS

ZINC ALLOYS

• POLYMERS AND COATINGS

INTERIOR ENERGY MANAGEMENT AND OCCUPANT

SAFETY

ELASTOMERS AND PLASTICS FOR FUELS, OILS

AND FLUIDS

COATINGS

COMPONENTS

WINDOW ENCAPSULATION

BUMPER SYSTEMS

SMC DEVELOPMENTS

POLYMER COMPOSITES AND PROCESSING

METHODS

EXTERIOR BODY PANELS

INTERIOR TRIM

SEATING

UNDERHOOD COMPONENTS

PLASTICS RECYCLING

INSTRUMENT PANELS

HEADLINERS

NON-ENGINE VOCEMISSIONS

• POWDER METALS

CORROSION RESISTANCE

COMPONENTS APPLICATIONS AND PROCESSING

(H) ELECTRONICS• ACCELERATED TESTING

• COMPUTER APPLICATIONS: SIMULATION AND

OPTIMISATION

• ELECTRIC VEHICLE

• ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS/SYSTEMS

PACKAGING

IN-VEHICLE NETWORKS

VEHICLE SENSORS AND ACTUATORS

AUDIO

EMBEDDED SOFTWARE

42-VOLT SYSTEMS

• ITS – INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS

• TESTING AND INSTRUMENTATION

(I) CHASSIS• BRAKES

ABSTCS

• SEALS

• NOISE AND VIBRATION

• STEERING, CHASSIS AND SUSPENSION

VEHICLE DYNAMICS

• TYRES AND WHEELS

• TRANSMISSIONS AND DRIVELINES

(J) EMISSIONS• CATALYST TECHNOLOGY

• TECHNOLOGY ADVANCES FOR SUBSTITUTION

FOR PLATINUM GROUP METALS

• EMISSIONS MEASUREMENT AND TESTING

• GAS DIRECT INJECTION AFTERTREATMENT

• NON-THERMAL PLASMA AFTERTREATMENT

• CATALYTIC CONVERTER TECHNOLOGY

• ALTERNATIVE FUELS FOR SI AND CI ENGINES

• EURO III AND EURO IV EMISSIONS

• LEAN NOX CATALYSTS

• EMISSIONS PROCESSES FOR SI ENGINES

• SUBSTRATE TECHNOLOGY

• COLD START EMISSIONS CONTROL

TECHNOLOGIES

• SURFACE ENGINEERING AND TRIBOLOGY

• DIESEL EXHAUST EMISSIONS CONTROL

(K) ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY• DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE FOR THE

ENVIRONMENT

ENVIRONMENTALLY CONSCIOUS MANUFACTURING

PRODUCT DESIGN FOR THE ENVIRONMENT

(DFE)GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL VEHICLES

TOOLS TO SUPPORT DFE• LIFE EXTENDING TECHNOLOGIES

VEHICLE SERVICING

REUSE

REMANUFACTURE

MAINTENANCE TECHNOLOGY

NEED FOR TECHNICAL STANDARDS

• VEHICLE RECYCLING

MATERIAL RECYCLING

END-OF-LIFE VEHICLE MANAGEMENT

SCRAP VEHICLE INDUSTRIES

• REGULATORY/POLICY/LABELLING

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

SYSTEMS (ISO14000)GLOBAL STANDARDS

INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY

ANALYSIS OF PROPOSED REGULATIONS AND

POLICIES

• EXTENDED PRODUCT RESPONSIBILITY

INTEGRATED PRODUCT PROGRAMMES

SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP

SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES NEED FOR EPR• GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

CO 2 AND OTHER GLOBAL WARMING GASES

GLOBAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS

GLOBAL HARMONISATION

• TOTAL LIFE CYCLE TECHNOLOGY

LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS/ASSESSMENT (LCA)HYBRID LC MODELS

LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT

APPLICATIONS OF LCA(L) FUTURE MASS TRANSPORTATION• ADVANCED VEHICLES AND SYSTEMS

• ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION MODES

• MAGLEV AND HIGH SPEED RAIL

• BUS DEVELOPMENTS

Deadline for submitting paper offers ..................................... 15 December 2001Draft manuscripts due to session organisers ............................ 18 January 2002Final manuscripts due to SAE International ................................... 15 April 2002

Each paper/presentation offer should include:1. A digest of 200-300 words that states the objective of the paper/presentation,

outlines the problem requiring solution, or the method of approach to research,is explicit with respect to the types of data to be included, and summarisesthe conclusions that will be made.

2. Tentative title.3. Name of author/co-authors, positi0on, business affiliation, mailing address and

and telephone and fax numbers.

The offered paper shall not have been published elsewhnere; and if accepted,contributors will not release their paper for publication through other media. Thepreferred method for receipt of the offered paper/presentation is via e-mail.Submit offers to individuals indicated below, according to the letters in ( )s shownbefore each subject heading:

A-F Sandra Sullivan ... e-mail: [email protected] Samantha Glover ... e-mail: [email protected]

ATT, Epsom House, 10C East Street, Epsom, Surrey KT17 1HH, UKFax: +44 1372101 General e-mail: [email protected]

For other details, please call the Automotive and TransportationTechnology Congress staff on +44 1372 720620




CFP: ICARCV 2002by Wang Han

CALL FOR PAPERS

SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONTROL,AUTOMATION, ROBOTICS AND VISION (ICARCV2002)

3 - 6 December 2002, Singapore

The conference will provide a forum for Control and Automation professionals, manufacturing engineersand academic researchers to exchange up-to-date technical knowledge and experiences. The conference willfocus on both theory and applications. In addition to the technical sessions, there will be plenary, invitedand tutorial sessions.

Email: [email protected]: http://www.ntu.edu.sg/eee/icarcv

Important Dates:

Deadline for full paper submission: 30-4-2002Notification of Acceptance: 31-7-2002Submission of Camera Ready Manuscripts: 15-9-2002

Conference topics include but are not limited to the following areas: control, automation, robotics,computer vision, and emerging technologies such as intelligent transportation.

Submission Procedure:Please submit full papers, in .pdf or .ps files, to the website address http://www.ntu.edu.sg/eee/icarcvby April 30, 2002.

Invited Sessions:The Technical Programme Committee is soliciting proposals for invited sessions focusing on topicsof ICARCV 2002. Prospective organisers should submit proposals to the Technical Programme Co-Chairman by 30 April 2002.

Best Paper Award:Selection of the best paper will be made at the Conference based on both the technical contents andpresentation.




http://www.ntu.edu.sg/eee/icarcv

http://www.ntu.edu.sg/eee/icarcv

Documents

INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMSIEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Council Newsletter Vol. 4, No. 1, January 2002 Council News From the Editor by Alberto Broggi Dear Colleague,