Project Proposal

Intelligence Bus Information System

Group Members Mr. Nuttakit Tungtong 5422781708 Mr Varote Siriluesai 5422792762

Advisor Dr. Bunyarit Uyyanonvara (Associate Professor)

School of Information, Computer and Communication Technology,

Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University

Semester 1, Academic Year 2014 9th December 2014

Table of Contents

1 INTRODUCTION 1

2 BACKGROUND 2

3 OBJECTIVES 4

4 OUTPUTS AND EXPECTED BENEFITS 5

4.1 OUTPUTS 5 4.2 BENEFITS 5

5 LITERATURE REVIEW 6

6 METHODOLOGY 8

6.1 APPROACH 8 6.2 TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES 9

7 PROJECT SCHEDULE 10

8 REFERENCES 11

Statement of Contribution

By submitting this document, all students in the group agree that their contribution in the project so far, including the preparation of this document, is as follows:

Mr. Nuttakit Tungtong 5422781708 50%

Mr. Varote Siriluesai 5422792762 50%

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1 Introduction Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit- card sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor or

TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. It is capable of doing almost everything a desktop

computer could do, from browsing the internet and playing high definition, to making spread sheets,

word-processing, and playing games[1].

Furthermore, Raspberry Pi has the ability to interact with the outside world. It has been used in

a wide array of digital maker projects, like Pi arcade machine, controller for robotic arm, and

weather station. The reason that we chose this project is because we are interested in the application

of the Raspberry Pi embedded board system. In this project, we will build a people counting device

to be used on the bus based on Raspberry Pi.

There are a total of 9 sections in this proposal. Section 2 provides the project background,

primarily explaining about the problems and the reasons to why we want to solve it. Section 3

describes the objectives we want to achieve. Section 4 outlines the output, things that are going to be

developed from the project and its benefit. Section 5 reviews similar system. Section 6 describes the

approach for our systems and the methods, tools and techniques used to implement it. Section 7

outlines the tentative project schedule. Section 8 highlights the technical aspects of the project. The

last section contains the list of references used in this report and project.

Figure 1:The bus

Figure 2:CCTV sign for showing security area

Figure 3:Counter passenger device

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2 Background Bus is the number one transportation for long distance trips in Thailand. The network is

very dense, the bus rotations are numerous. There are public buses the less expensive and many private companies offering VIP bus offering a little more comfort and better service. Most buses are very good condition and air conditioned[2].

Bangkok has an extensive bus network providing local transit services within the Greater

Bangkok area. The Bangkok Mass Transit Authority (BMTA) operates a monopoly on bus services,

with substantial concessions granted to private operators. 3,506 BMTA buses, together with private

joint buses, minibuses, song thaeo buses and vans totalling 16,321 in number, operate on 470 routes

throughout the region. Although a large number of commuters still ride the buses daily, passenger

numbers have been almost consistently on decline in the last two decades. The BMTA reported an

average of 1,048,442 trips per day in 2010, a quarter of the 4,073,883 reported in 1992 [3].

Eventually, they will face an organization problem. For example; Deficit, Less profit, Driving

habit, Corruption, and Better choice. That is why we try to develop new device available for

installation on transit vehicles including buses and rail vehicles which accurately records boarding

and alighting data. This technology can improve the accuracy and reliability of tracking transit

ridership over traditional methods of manual accounting by drivers or estimation through random

surveying. These devices are becoming more common among American transit operators seeking to

improve the accuracy of reporting patronage as well as analysing transit use patterns by linking

boarding and alighting data with stop or station location.

Due to the above, to solve the problem, we therefore will introduce an infrared sensing

technology into the embedded board “Raspberry pi”. To combine them together, a device could be

show the available seat in the bus to the passenger to decide which bus that passenger will get in.

For another feature, we will introduce a server webcam to give more security and staying safe day

and night.

To implement an infrared sensing technology, we choose infrared sensor. It can be used to count

objects, motions or represent that pass the sensor at a set distance. For the programming, we choose

Python for developing the device.

server

Database

PIR sensor

Usb hub

Figure 4: The component of application

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IR Sensors work by using a specific light sensor to detect a select light wavelength in the Infra-Red

(IR) spectrum. By using an LED which produces light at the same wavelength as what the sensor is

looking for, you can look at the intensity of the received light. When an object is close to the sensor,

the light from the LED bounces off the object and into the light sensor. This results in a large jump in

the intensity, which we already know can be detected using a threshold.[4]

Figure 5: Depiction of the operation

of an IR Sensor

In figure4, The CCTV Surveillance System is very important for security of your valuable

assets and your beloved ones. The security center can continuously monitor the bus and prevent

misuse of resources or track lazy workers, you can secure your bus or vehicle, in case of theft or any

incident you can easily extract the recordings and use it for investigations. We also provide night

vision and high resolution image capturing with latest high-tech digital video recorders. We also

provide solution for mobile CCTV security surveillance systems. We provide a server for real time

recording and store data online.

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3 Objectives There are two main objectives for this project. The first objective is to show available seat in the bus and record number of passenger with a high accuracy. The second objective is to try increasing the service of the bus by improving upon existing techniques and feature and apply it to the NGV bus at Thammasat University.

In order to achieve these aims, the following requirement must be met:

1. Study and report on the design and deployment issues of existing intelligent bus Information

2. Design and develop the intelligent bus information system with the following capabilities: Accurate counting passenger Camera for security in Real-Time Store number of passenger that get on and get off the bus in Real-Time Information display on the NGV TU app can be easily understand Sensor can detect passenger that pass the doorways of the bus

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4 Outputs and Expected Benefits

4.1 Outputs

There are two main outputs to be developed from this project

1. Counting device: The main objective of this project is to develop a counting device

that accurately counts the number of people using the bus. The counting information

will be able use in real time to check the availability of the bus.

2. Surveillance system: The second objective is to set up camera that could be used as a

surveillance system on the bus. The information must be able to send to the server

in real time and be use by authorized person for safety issues.

4.2 Benefits

The complete project will benefit two groups of people. The first group is the bus users. With the information provided, the bus user can know in real time the availability of the seats in the bus they plan to use. The cameras also provide safety for the bus users. The second group is the bus company. With the counting device, information about the number of users could be plot into graph to show the number of people using the bus. The bus company could check if the profits they gain match the number of people using. Furthermore, the bus company could also increase or decrease the bus to match the number of user base on the information.

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5 Literature Review There are many projects that other people have done that use raspberry pi to create a

counting device. People counters are typically expensive device used in the retail industry, but using raspberry pi to build a functional people counter is much cheaper. Some of project listed in this section will provide some basic idea of how to implement a raspberry pi as a counting device [5].

Figure 6: bi-directional counter

Figure6 show a bi-directional person or object counter which can be used to monitor the number of objects entering or exiting through it. This project has two variants: laser diode and LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) combination, and IR (infrared) led and photodiode combination. The laser diode-LDR version can be used where the distance between the source (laser diode) and the sensor (LDR) is large whereas the IR-photodiode can only be used for short distances and is comparatively less accurate .

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Figure 7: PIR counter

Figure7 show a counter that uses a motion sensor to detect if a person or an object passes in front of the raspberry pi. This project use raspberry pi connected to PIR sensor to detect the motion. One problem with using PIR is that it can only detect motion. The system cannot identify if a person is moving in or moving out [6].

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6 Methodology

6.1 Approach

There are 9 main steps in the implementation of this project as follow

1. Study about the development tools

In this step, because of we don’t have knowledge in developing embedded system

“raspberry pi” and infrared sensing technology, so we prefer to study first before setting a scope.

Many different development tools will be studied in order to see strong and weakness of each of

them. Some may be good in terms of easiness of using, however they may not cover a particular

functionality. At the end, our group decides to focus on the infrared sensor for counting as we think

that it is the most appropriate function equipped with all required functionalities. However, other

feature may be also used.

2. Functional design and conceptualization

In this step, we have to discuss about the concept of the device like what it is about and the

type of device. It will be design base on the possibility of creation with the present technology. At

the end, we come up with our own idea of concept of solving problem in daily life and the problem

of bus. 3. Collecting information related to development

After we finished the design and the concept, we have to study in deep detail the

development and the tools for the implementation. The information that we will search for will be

based on the embedded design.

4. Developing a demo product

After we understand the implementation, we have to try to build the prototype to test whether

the information we have collected are correct.

5. Create the product

This step is very important. In this step, we have to create hardware with system that will be

in the system together with programming. The programming will be created by coding in Python

Language.

6. Build the cover of product

After we finished, we have to build the cover of hardware, so the product can be protect and

strong harden to broken.

7. Testing device

The final step, we have to test the device whether it conform to the requirement. If it

conforms to the requirement, Next step we will test it to find bugs from coding step.

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6.2 Tools and Techniques

Tools that is used in this project:

Raspberry pi - The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized.

Figure 8:Raspberry Pi VS. Woman Hand

PIR sensor -Infrared sensor

Figure 9:PIR sensor

Webcam

Figure 10:HP webcam

Programming language that is used in this project:

Python

All stages of our classification system (as mentioned in the previous part), we will be using the Python programming language to record and process the number data.

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7 Project Schedule

Task Description Person Duration Status

1 Discuss the project topic with advisor NT & VS 2w 100% Completed

2 Finalise the topic NT & VS 1w 100% Completed

3 Research about the embedded board and decide on which board to be use

NT & VS 2w 100% Completed

4 Study about the similar system NT & VS 2w 100% Completed

5 Get a hold on raspberry pi and start getting familiar with it

NT & VS 3w 100% Completed

6 Write the proposal report and prepare for presentation

NT & VS 1w 100% Completed

7 Start developing the counting system NT & VS 2w 0% Completed

8 Test the system NT & VS 1w 0% Completed

9 Hook up the system to send data to server NT & VS 3w 0% Completed

10 Test the system in real situation NT & VS 2w 0% Completed

11 Write the final report and prepare for presentation

NT & VS 1w 0% Completed

Note: NT and VT are Nuttakit Tungtong and Varote Siriluesai respectively

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8 References

[1] http://www.zdnet.com/article/raspberry-pi-11-reasons-why-its-the-perfect-small-server/

[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_in_Thailand

[3] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_in_Bangkok

[4] http://www.education.rec.ri.cmu.edu/content/electronics/boe/ir_sensor/1.html

[5] http://www.instructables.com/id/IR-laser-person-counter/

[6] http://www.instructables.com/id/How-to-build-a-People-Counter-with-Raspberry-Pi-an/

[Figure1]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/MTC_white_line_bus.

jpg

[Figure2]http://www.epsomcoaches.com/wp-content/uploads/bus_cctv.jpg

[Figure3]http://thumbs.dreamstime.com/z/counting-people-hand-held-tally-counter-

headcount-queue-35151370.jpg

[Figure5]http://www.education.rec.ri.cmu.edu/content/electronics/boe/ir_sensor/image

s/409px- IR_Sensor_Principles.png

[Figure6]http://cdn.instructables.com/FX9/VQS4/HXSD7NJ7/FX9VQS4HXSD7NJ7.

LARGE.jpg

[Figure7]http://cdn.instructables.com/F6D/NX78/I0ENLJIQ/F6DNX78I0ENLJIQ.LA

RGE.jpg

[Figure8]http://kickstarter.ttmschool.org/wpcontent/uploads/edd/2013/11/raspberry_pi

_on_hand.jpg

[Figure9]https://www.futurlec.com/Pictures/PIR_Module.jpg

[Figure10]http://www9.pcmag.com/media/images/271184-hp-webcam-hd-5210.jpg