Integration of Electric Vehicles in Extreme Suburban Grids ... · Integration of Electric Vehicles in Extreme Suburban Grids with the Support of Extended Functionality of PV Storage

Integration of Electric Vehicles in Extreme Suburban Grids with the Support of Extended Functionality of PV Storage Systems Jonas Wussow, E-Mobility Power System Integration Symposium, 14.10.2019, Dublin

14.10.2019 | Jonas Wussow | Extended Functionality of PV Storage Systems | Page 2

Agenda

Introduction Challenges in Residentials Areas Impact of Charging Processes PV-Storage Systems as Approach Advanced Reactive Power Supply Multiple-Use of Storage Losses Conclusion


Introduction

2040 55 % new vehicle registrations 550 million EV

(33 % of global fleet)

Change in „refuel“ Charging at home Wallbox with charging power

up to 11/22 kW Hotspots with high number

of EV possible

Ramp-up of Electromobility


Agenda



Challenges in Residentials Areas Changes at Household Sector

0:00 4:00 8:00 12:00 16:00 20:00 0:00

Uhrzeit

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

Leis

tung

in k

W

Haushalt Elektrofahrzeug PV-Anlagen Auslastung Netzanschlusspunkt

Conventional Household

Consumer

Producer

Storage

Household Electric Vehicle PV System Load on Grid Connection Point


Challenges in Residentials Areas Investigated Grid and Scenarios

MV

/LV

(630 kVA)

MV grid

Remaining grid 75 households in 4 strings and 1 single household

Critical S

tring

~ ~

1 2

69

EV-Modell Realistic Charging Behaviour No Provision of Reactive Power by EV No Charging Delaying or Power Reduction

Further conditions Synthetic Household Profiles Voltage at Slack Bus: 1, 1.02 and 1.04 p.u. Consideration of Voltage Drop in MV grid


Agenda



Impact of Charging Processes 26 EVs without Measures possible

12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 24:00

Hour of Day

0.84

0.86

0.88

0.9

0.92

0.94

0.96

0.98

1

Vol

tage

in p

.u.

Voltage at slack bus

in p.u.

Minimum voltage at the end of the critical string in p.u.

Number of simultaneous charging processes*

0 4 8 1.00 0.910 0.876 0.852 1.02 0.924 0.900 0.882 1.04 0.952 0.922 0.906

*18 additional simultaneous charging processes in remaining grid

Limits according to EN 50160 are not exceeded

Without EV

With EV


Agenda



PV-Storage Systems as Approach Many Points in Time without Using the Storage

Power

Reactive Power

Capacity assumed to be 8 kWh

Non-Use especially in winter and on bad weather days Use of reactive power so far very low Charging: cos φ=1, Discharging: cos φ=0.9/0.95


Agenda



Advanced Reactive Power Supply Further EV possible at STATCOM

𝑈 in p.u.

0.93 0.97

1.03 1.07

𝑄

𝑄max

-𝑄max

𝑃

𝑄

𝑆

cos 𝜑 = 0,9/0,95

𝑃n

-𝑃n

𝑃

𝑄

𝑆𝑃n

-𝑃n

Q(V)-Characteristic

Provision of Reactive Power

according to demand

Operating Points Q(V) control

No Improvements:

P = 0 => Q = 0 No further EV

Operating Points STATCOM Mode

Reactive Power can always be

provided (Phase Shifter)

26 EV => 38 EV


Agenda



Multiple-Use of Storage Charging Storage from Grid enables a high Number of EV

12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 24:00

Hour of Day

0.84

0.86

0.88

0.9

0.92

0.94

0.96

0.98

1

Vol

tage

in p

.u.

Normal Operation Multiple-Use

Green-dotted: Eight EV Blue: 16 EV (both Critical String) A total of 65 EV possible in the Grid


Agenda



Losses Incentives necessary for Storage Charging from the Grid

92 % 92 %

85 %

STATCOM 0.22 kWh (Charging Process at end of critical string) Multiple-Use 0.05 kWh (Charging Process at end of critical string) (Provision Reactive Power)

1 kWh 1.18 kWh


Agenda



Conclusion

Without Measures STATCOM Mode STATCOM Mode

and Multiple-Use

0

20

40

60

80

100

Sim

ulta

neou

s ch

argi

ng p

roce

sses

+48 %

+150 %

Extreme Suburban Grid was investigated Penetration of 18 % possible without Measures Extended Functionality of PV Storage Systems are necessary Penetration can be increased

o STATCOM Mode: 26 % o STATCOM Mode and

Multiple-Use: 45 % Losses for Provision of Reactive Power

very low Incentives are necessary for Multiple-Use Grid expansion can be prevented

Thank you for your attention!

Jonas Wussow, TU Braunschweig - elenia Phone: +49 531 / 391 – 7707, Mail: [email protected]

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Integration of Electric Vehicles in Extreme Suburban Grids ... · Integration of Electric Vehicles in Extreme Suburban Grids with the Support of Extended Functionality of PV Storage