Integration of 802.11 and Integration of 802.11 and Third-Generation Wireless Third-Generation Wireless Data NetworksData Networks• 1.Introduction • 2.Service scenario in Integrated 802.11&3G• 3.Two architecture for 802.11 & 3G integration• 4.The IOTA 802.11 gateway• 5.IOTA client software • 6.Experimental results• 7.Conclusion Speaker : 林家彬

1.Introduction 1.Introduction 802.11 vs. 3G(roughly)802.11 vs. 3G(roughly)

DataRate

Cover Areas

802.11b

11M~54Mbps

Small areas, suitable for hot-spot application in hotels and airports.(1km^2)

3G 64kbps~2Mbps

Wider area of coverage that enables ubiquitous connectivity

1.1 Why is it the challenging 1.1 Why is it the challenging task to integrate themtask to integrate them??

• Environment enterprise and home networks VS. global areas

• Capability 1.WLAN lack AAA and billing mechanisms

2.CDMA2000 or UMTS and their extension to 802.11

• QOS• POLICY

1.2Research Contributions1.2Research Contributions

2. Service Scenario in integrated 2. Service Scenario in integrated 802.11 and 3G networks: problem 802.11 and 3G networks: problem statementstatement• Issues on John’s case:

1.Security association

2.Switching occurs when John is on sessions. 3.User profile obtained (AAA server) 4.Revenue sharing

3.Two architecture for 802.11 3.Two architecture for 802.11 and 3G integrationand 3G integration

• A. Tightly-coupled Interworking -- The rationale:802.11 as another 3G access network. • B. Loosely-coupled Interworking – It completely separates the data paths in 802.11 and 3

G networks

A. Tightly-coupled InterworkingA. Tightly-coupled Interworking

Disadvantages of tightly-coupled InteDisadvantages of tightly-coupled Interworkingrworking • 1.Traffic engineering -Operator must own both the 802.11 and 3G parts of th

e network. -setup of the entire network should be remodified because traffic load increased 25~100 times .• 2.The configuration of the client devices -built-in USIM,R-UIM slots or external cards must bi plu

gged separately in to the subscriber devices .

B. Loosely-coupled InterworkingB. Loosely-coupled Interworking

Advantages to the loosely-Advantages to the loosely-coupled integrationcoupled integration• 11.Independent deployment and traffic

engineering of 802.11 and 3G• 22.Roaming agreements with many

partners can result in widespread coverage.

• 33.No longer establish separate accounts• 44..Allows WISP to provide its own hot-spot

4.The IOTA 802.11 Gateway4.The IOTA 802.11 Gateway• 1. Integration of two access technologies (IOTA)• 2. Allows the mobile node to access the network.• 3. IOTA integrates RADIUS server, Mobile-IP, dynamic firewall, QOS module and accounting module.• 4. IOTA building blocks are implemented as software modules ,and run on Linux.

• A.RADIUS server -It enables roaming agreements between 3G and 802.11

-provides authentication services to the 802.11 cloud.

• B. Mobile-IP agent -supports the roles of both home and foreign agents (HA,FA)

• C. Dynamic firewall -implemented using the Linux IP filter architecture.

Obtained from the subscriber’s home AAA.

D.QOS module -750Kbps for Gold. -250Kbps for Silver . -125 Kbps for Bronze.

E. Accounting module -share revenue

F. Integrated web cacheF. Integrated web cache

• G. Simple-IP operation -offers integrated authentication and billing.

-Does not support seamless mobility, and requires manual user intervention to switch network access.

• H. Integration with UMTS -The current UMTS standards do not include support for

the I ET F AAA and Mobile –IP protocol

-It is expected that the definition of usage for AAA and Mobile-IP within UMTS will soon become standardized.

5.IOTA client software5.IOTA client software• Support mobility across several kinds of

physical interfaces.• Seamless:

-A user doesn’t see any changes in his connections.

• Selection of interface to use dependent on user preference:

• The GUI allows the user to configure, monitor, and control the state of the client.

A. A. Interface Selection AlgorithmInterface Selection Algorithm

• A novel interface-selection algorithm that uses the current signal strength and the priority of the interfaces to select the active interface.

• Goal—introduce a hysteresis effect and let the client stay with the current interface to prevent data loss.

•6. Experimental result • A. Performance of Mobile-IP agents• First-registration delay= AAA authentication + setting up packet fi

lter+ creating tunnels• Re-registration delay= AAA authentication• Switching-registration delay=AAA authentication + creating tunn

els

B. Performance of QOS B. Performance of QOS mechanisms (two scenarios)mechanisms (two scenarios)

• The first scenario illustrates restricting per-user traffic to 3.5Mbps

The second scenario :class-based with The second scenario :class-based with Gold ,Silver and Bronze.Gold ,Silver and Bronze.

7.Conclusion7.Conclusion• 1.Two architectural choices for the

integration: tightly & loosely• 2.Described in detail our realization of the

loosely-coupled architecture in the form of the IOTA gateway

• 3.Described client software .• 4.Sample experimental results .