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INTEGRATED DB SERVER

ABSTRACTThe Database interface tool is designed and developed to test the database

connectivity features of JDBC drivers and their supported databases .The

environment chosen to develop this tool is ORACLE,. My-SQL .The tool

provides in depth control of the API sequence of the driver. The DBI tool

covers all methods defined in the JDBC specification. DBI tool provides

facility for processing queries .The tool provides an abstract format and

interface to submit an SQL statement and view the results.This mechanism

is further simplified with Load and Gocommand . For instance when a

Load & Go is used, the tool automatically takes SQL statement and view

the results creates a JDBC statement object ,executes the statement and

displays the result set. During the above sequence of operation the tool

doesnt wait for any user action or input block .This tool has other

additional useful feature for exporting the data in html or excel format.

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CHAPTER-1

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INTRODUCTION

1.1 AIM

Enterprise applications are changing more rapidly and the needs of enterprise is

increasing enormously, as the needs are growing towards decision making ,obtaining

accurate data in time plays a major role to withstand the fray .Ultimately the success lies

in how fast can we retrieve data and manipulate the information .To send queries and

process them quite efficiently is the task of drivers which lead us to connect to the

databases. When different companies provide different drivers to connect to their

databases ,we seldom found a server side application to interact with any database like

oracle , my -sql offered by a database providers and also there is a need to have an

user friendly interface to query the database and obtain the results from the server.

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1.2 INTRODUCTION

Database Interface is an industry-standard tool for application development . Using

Database Interface, developers can interact with any back end software (i.e. Oracle,

MS-Access, My-SQL etc). The database interface can be used to build, test and

debug PL/SQL packages, procedures, triggers, and functions. Database Interface

users can create and edit database objects such as tables, views, indexes, constraints, and

users. Database Interfaces SQL Editor provides an easy and efficient way to write and

test scripts and queries, and its powerful data grids provide an easy way to view and edit

data related to any DBMS/RDBMS tool.

The requirements of a database application developer will vary from project to

project. On a large team where DBAs manage the DDL, a developer may spend 90 of

development time coding and testing SELECT queries to issue from 3GL or 4GL

application code. In such an environment, a developer might be concerned only with

viewing the DDL and database code. On smaller teams, a developer might be responsible

for maintenance of the development schema, movement of test data between schemas,

writing procedure code, populating tables from legacy sources, and more. Database

Interface facilitates all of these needs.

For example if you are working with oracle, you dont have to be a PL/SQL expert

to access database objects with Database Interface. You can view the Oracle Dictionary,

tables, indexes, stored procedures, and more - all through a multi-tabbed browser.

Database Interface utilizes direct Oracle OCI calls for full access to the Oracle API.

Advanced editing features save time and increase productivity. Code can be created from

shortcuts and code templates. You can even create your own code templates.

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1.2.1 Use Database Interface to

Create, browse, or alter objects (tables, views, indexes, etc.) including Oracle8

TYPE objects

Graphically build, execute, and tune queries

Edit and Debug PL/SQL and profile stored procedures including functions,packages, and triggers

Find and fix database problems with constraints, triggers, extents, indexes, andgrants

1.3 IDENTIFICATION OF NEED

To clearly identify the need of this application, it is exemplified with one situation.

A project manager is dealing with an enterprise application, which is in the development

phase. This application has got different faces such as a desktop interface, a web interface

and mobile interface. Initially all these applications are not integrated. Once these entire

interfaces are working well, they are going to be integrated. In such occasion the

database which is being used must be same. But while designing these individual

modules, creating a sample database for each module and perform the test, it is not

possible practically. So for that reason, there must be a kind of tool, using which we

can carry the database to any another location and use the database there very easily.

The present application will fulfill the requirement. The current application can be

used just as a brief case of database.

1.4 PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION:

The present application can be differentiated into the following modules, which are

closely integrated with one another.

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1.Structure: It gives the list of all tables which are present in the current/selected user.

This module is used to browse and view the structure of an existing database object.

2.Properties: The properties module enables us to modify data types, size and constraints

assigned to each field.

3.SQL: Using this module, we can use and implement different kinds of SQL statements.

The result of the SQL statement will be displayed immediately after executing the

statement.

4.Import: This module gives an exclusive feature of importing the existing SQL scripts to

the existing schema.

5.Export: This module gives the feature of exporting existing schema object(s) to an SQL

file. Here the facility is there to export only tables, only single user or the entire schema.

6.Operations: This module will be used to create new database objects.

2. 3 FEASIBILITY STUDY

All projects are feasible given unlimited resources and infinite time! Unfortunately, the

development of computer-based system or product is more likely plagued by a scarcity

of resources and difficult delivery dates. It is both necessary and prudent to evaluate the

feasibility of a project at the earliest possible time. Months or years of effort, thousands

or millions of dollars, and untold professional embarrassment can be averted if an ill-

conceived system is recognized early in the definition phase.

Feasibility and risk analysis are related in many ways. If project risk is great the

feasibility of producing quality software is reduced. During product engineering,

however, we concentrate our attention on four primary areas of interest:

2.3.1Technical Feasibility

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configuration, system compatibility of any hardware and timing effective manner of

allocating systems and registering complaints.

2.3.3 Operational Feasibility:

In our application front end is developed using GUI. So it is very easy to the customer

to enter the necessary information. But customer has some knowledge on using web

applications before going to use our application.

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CHAPTER-2

REVIEW

OF

RELATED LITERATURE

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2.1 BASIC DATABASE CONCEPTS:

A database is a corporate collection of data with some inherent meaning, designed, built

and populated with data for a specific purpose. A database stores data that is useful to us.

This data is only a part of the entire data available in the world around us.

To be able to successfully design and maintain databases we have to do the

following:

Identify which part of the worlds data is of interest to us.

Identify what specific objects in that part of the worlds data are of interest to us.

Identify a relationship between the objects.

Hence the objects, their attributes and the relationship between them that are of interest to

us are still owed in the database that is designed, built and populated with data for a

specific purpose.

DBMS (Data base management systems) consists of database and a set of programs to

access that database .The primary goal of DBMS is to provide an environment that

is both convenient and efficient to use in retrieving and storing the database information.

2.1.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF DBMS:

It represents a complex relationship between data.

Keeps a tight control of debtor redundancy

Enforces user-defined rules to ensure integrity of table data.

Has a centralized data dictionary for the storage of information pertaining to data

and its manipulation.

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Ensures that data can be shared across applications.

Enforces data access authorization has automatic, intelligent backup and recovery

procedures for data.

Have different interfaces via which users can manipulate data.

2.2 DATA ABSTRACTION:

A major purpose of DBMS is to provide users with an abstract view of the data i..e

hidden details of how the data is stored and maintained,different data abstraction levels

are

2.2.1 Physical Level : It describes how the data is actually stored in binaryform.

2.2.2 Conceptual Level : The next higher level how the data is stored.

2.2.2 View Level : Many users of the database system will not concerned with all

that information .The system may provide many views for the same database.

2. 3 DATA MODELS:

The structure of the database is the conceptual model ,a collection of tools for describing

data, data relationships ,data semantics and consistency constraints. Different data models

are :

2.3.1Object based Models :Object-based logical models are used in describing data

at the conceptual and view levels.They allow data constraints to be specified to maintain

consistency,explicitly.Two types

2.3.1.1The Entity Relationship model :It is based on a perception of a real world

which consists of a collection of basic objects called Entities and relationships among

those objects.

2.3.1.2Object oriented model:It is based on the collection of objects.Objects

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contain same type of values and the same methods are grouped together into class.

2. 3.2 RECORD BASED LOGICAL MODEL:

Database is structured in fixed format records.Each record defines a fixed number of

fields,or attributes,and each field is usually of a fixed length.The three models are:

2.3.2.1 Relational Model: It represents the data and relationships among data by a

collection of tables.

2.3.2.2 Network model:It is represented by collection of records and relationships

among data are represented by links ,can be viewed as pointers.

2.3.2.3 Hierarchy Model: Data and relationships are represented by records andlinks

,where records are organized as collection of trees.

2.4 RELATIONAL DATABASE MODEL:

A relation database consists of a collection of tables ,each of which is assigned

uniquename .Each table contains number of columns with a unique name.

2.4.1 RELATIONAL DATABASE MANAGEMENT:

A relational database management system uses only its relational capabilities to manage

the information stored in its databases.

2.4.2INFORMATION REPRESENTATION : All information stored in a

relational database is represented only by data item values, which are stored in the tables

that make up the database. Associations between data items are not logically represented

in any other way, such as the use of pointers from one table to the other.

2.4.3LOGICAL ACCESSIBILITY:

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Every data item value stored in relational database is accessible by stating the nature of

the table it is stored in, the name of the column under which it is stored and the value of

the primary key that defines the row in which it is stored.

2.4.4 REPRESENTATION OF NULL VALUES:

The database management system has a consistent method for representing null

values.For example, null values for numeric data must be distinct from zero or any other

numeric and for the character data it must be different from a string of blanks or any

other character value.

2.4.5 CATALOGUE FACILITIES:

The logical description of the relation database is represented in the same manner

as ordinary data. This is done so that the facilities of the relation database management

system itself can be used to maintain database description.

2.4.6 DATA LANGUAGE:

The relational database management system may support many types of languages for

describing data and accessing the database. However, there must be at least one language

that uses ordinary character strings to support the definition of data, the definition of

views, the manipulation of data, constraints on data integrity, information concerning

authorization and the boundaries for recovery of units.

2.4.7 VIEW UPDATABILITY:

Any view that can be defined using combination of basic tables, that are theoretically

updateable, these capital of being updated by the relational database management

system.

2.4.8 INSERT, UPDATE AND DELETE:

Any operand that describes the results of a single retrieval operation is capable of being

applied to an insert update or delete operation as well.

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2.4.9 PHYSICAL DATA INDEPENDENCE:

Changes made to physical storage representation or access methods do not require

changes to be made to application programmers.

2.4.10 LOGICAL DATA INDEPENDENCE:

Changes made to tables, that do not modify any data stored in that table, do not

require changes to be made to application programmers

.

2.4.11INTEGRITY CONSTRAINTS:

Constraints that apply to entity integrity and referential integrity are specifiable by the

data language implemented by the database management system and not by the

statements coded into the application program.

2.4.12DATABASE DISTRIBUTION:

The data language implemented by the relation database management system supports

the ability to distribute the database without requiring changes to be made to application

programmers. This facilitymust be provided in thedata language, whether or not the

database management system itself supports distributed databases.

2.5Data Definition Language:

It allows u to define the structure of data. It facilitates to define and create tables in case

of relationaldatabase management system which will be stored in a special table called

Data Dictionary table.

2.6 Data Manipulation Language:

It allows us to modify and retrieve the data .That is :

Retrieving the information

Inserting the information

Deleting the information

Modification of data

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2.7 DATA CONTROL LANGUAGE:

It allows to control user access privileges of data. With this user access is restricted and

Controlled.

2.8 DATABASE METADATA:

It is also called Data dictionary ,which contains metadata ,data about data. It contains

information about the access permissions on a table ,creator(this happens by creating an

entry whenever a DDL statement is executed).

2.9 DATABASE MANAGER:It provides the interface between the low-level data stored in the database ,application

programs and queries submitted in the system.

2.10 DATABASE ADMINISTRATOR:

It maintains data dictionary table ,granting of authorization for data access to users and

integrity constraint specifications which is maintained in a special structure that is

consulted by the database manager whenever an update takes place in the system.

2.11 APPLICATION PROGRAMS:

Programmers interact with the system through DML calls , which are embedded in a

program written in a host language ,commonly referred to as application programs.

2.12 USERS:

Users interact with the system either submitting their requests in a database query

language or through a program. Query processor by taking the DML statement ,parse

he instructions that the DB manager understands.

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2.13 INTRODUCTION TO SQL:

SQL (Structured Query Language is a standard language for interacting with any

database ,which comprises of DDL,DML and DCL functionalitys within it. SQL is a

non-procedural language widely used as an interacting language in most of the RDBMS.

It supports all the types of languages like DDL ,DML ,DCL and query language

commands to create tables ,manipulate the data and retrieve the data efficiently.

Various SQL commands deals with Creating tables ,specifying constraints, adding

data to tables,retrieving data from tables modifying data in tables, deleting data from

tables.

2.14 INTRODUCTION TO JDBC AND ODBC:

Data is manipulated with the help of SQL only. For Business processes ,we need very

friendly user interfaces and support for diverse databases ,and support for integrating

existing applications program written in a particular language and programs that are

written in some other tool/language to share a common database. How a database

connects can be connected to other programs that is by JDBC,ODBC.ODBC was

developed by Microsoft as a standard databases .If a database is ODBC complaint ,it

means that any application program that has ODBC support can retrieve data from the

databases. JDBC is a front-end toll for connecting to a server and is similar to ODBC in

that respect JDBC can connect only java clients and it uses ODBC for the connectivity.

JDBC is essentially a low level application Programming interface. Why we need

JDBC ,once we have ODBC on hand .ODBC gives a C language API .which uses

pointers extensively .Since java does not have pointers ,Sun Microsystems ,inventor ofjava developed JDBC to suit its needs

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.

2.14.1 JDBCTM?

JDBCTM is a JavaTM API for executing SQL statements. (As a point of interest, JDBC is

a trademarked name and is not an acronym; nevertheless, JDBC is often thought of as

standing for Java Database Connectivity.) It consists of a set of classes and interfaces

written in the Java programming language. JDBC provides a standard API for tool or

database developers and makes it possible to write database applications using a pure

Java API. Using JDBC, it is easy to send SQL statements to virtually any relational

database. In other words, with the JDBC API, it isnt necessary to write one program to

access a Sybase database,another program to access an Oracle database,another program

to access an Informix database, and so on.

One can write a single program using the JDBC API, and the program

will be able to send SQL statements to the appropriate database.With an application

written in the Java programming language, one also doesnt have to worry about writing

different applications to run on different platforms. The combination of Java and JDBC

lets a programmer write it once and run it a nywhere. Java being robust, secure, easy to

use, easy to understand, and automatically downloadable on a network, is an excellent

language basis for database applications. What is needed is a way for Java applications

to talk to a variety of different databases. JDBC is the mechanism for doing this. JDBC

extends what can be done in Java. For example, with Java and the JDBC API, it is

possible to publish a web page containing an applet that uses information obtained from

a remote database. Or an enterprise can use JDBC to connect all its employees (even if

they are using a conglomeration of Windows, Macintosh, and UNIX machines) to one

or more internal databases via an intranet. With more and more programmers using the

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Java programming language, the need for easy database access from Java is continuing

to grow. MIS managers like the combination of Java and JDBC because it makes

disseminating information easy and economical. Businesses can continue to use their

installed databases and access information easily even if it is stored on different

database management systems. Development time for new applications is short.

Installation and version control are greatly simplified. A programmer can write an

application or an update once, put it on the server, and everybody has access to the latest

version. And for businesses selling information services, Java and JDBC offer a better

way of getting out information updates to external customers.

2.14.2JDBC DRIVER TYPES:

There are four types of JDBC drivers each having its own functionality. Each having

their own suitability aspects.They are classified based on how they acces data from the

database.

Native JDBC Driver: A JDBC Driver which is partly written in java and most of it is

implemented using methods to access the database.It can run on only on specific

platforms.

All-JAVA JDBC NET DRIVERS: It uses a common network protocal to connect to an

intermediate server , which in turn employs native calls to connect to the database. It is

suitable for applets.

JDBC-ODBC BRIDGE DRIVER:A bridge driver provided with JDBC can convert the

JDBC calls into ODBC calls using the native methods .It is recommended one since

using ODBC drivers which are industry standard as of now ,would make an application

truly portable across databases

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.

NATIVE PROTOCAL ALL_JAVA DRIVER: It is completely written in java ,and can

access the database by use of native protocols .It is suitable in case of intranets ,it is

provided by the vendor of the database.

COMPONENTS OF JDBC:

2.14.3.1.JDBC DRIVER MANAGER: Function of the driver manager is to find out

available drivers in the system and connect the application database, whenever a

connection is requested, Each driver should be registered by the driver manager.

JDBC ARCHITECTURE

2.14.3.2 JDBC DRIVER: Function is to accept the SQL calls from the application and

convert them into native calls to the database. It takes the help of some other drivers

depend upon the JDBC driver we are using.

2.14.3.3JDBC - ODBC BRIDGE: Sun soft provides a special driver called JDBC

ODBC bridge ,it can be connected to any existing database.

14.3.4 APPLICATION: It is a java program that needs the information to be modified

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Java Applications

JDBC API

JDBC DRIVER MANAGER

JDBC

DRIVER

JDBC

DRIVER

DBMS DBMS


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in some database or wants to retrieve the information.

2.15 CONNECTIVITY TO THE DATABASE:

The following section explains how to connect to a database using the database driver

and Driver manager.

2.15.1CONNECTION:

A connection object represents a connection with a database. A connection session

includes the SQL statements that are executed and the results that are returned over the

connection.

A single application can have one or more connections with a single

database, or it can have connections with many different databases.

2.15.2 OPENING A CONNECTION:

The standard way to establish a connection with a database is to call the method

DriverManager.getConnection . This method takes a string containing a URL. The

Driver Manager class, referred to a the JDBC management layer, attempts to locate a

driver than can connect to the database represented Driver classes, and when the method

get Connection is called, it checks with each driver in the list until it finds one that can

connect uses this URL to actually establish the connection.

-usually the driver or the database connectivity mechanism, which may

be supported by one or more drivers. A prominent example of a sub protocol name is

oracle, which has been reserved for URLs that specify thin-style data source names.

- a way to identify the database. The sub names can vary, depending on the

sub protocol, and it can have a sub name with any internal syntax the driver writer

chooses. The point of a sub name is to give enough information to locate the database.

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2.15.3 SENDING STATEMENT:

Once a connection is established, it is used to pass SQL statements to its underlying

database. JDBC does not put any restrictions on the kinds of SQL statements that can

be sent; this provides a great deal of flexibility, allowing the use of database-specificstatements or even non-SQL statements. It requires, that the user be responsible for

making sure that the underlying database can process the SQL statements being sent

and suffer the consequences if it cannot.

2.15.4 DRIVER MANAGER:

TheDriver Managerclass is the management layer of JDBC, working between the user

and the drivers. It keeps track of the drivers that are available and handles establishing a

connection between a database and the appropriate driver. It addition, the driver manager

class attends to things like driver login time limits and the printing of log and tracing

messages. The only method in this class that a general programmer needs to use directly

is DriverManager.getConnection.

As its name implies, this method establishes a connection to a database.The next

steps are :

Keeping track of JDBC Drivers:Class.forName();

Creating a statement :Statement stmt=con.createStatement();

Executing the statement and getting back the results:

Resultset rs=executeQuery();

Interpreting the results.

DATA CLASSIFICATION:

Databases are normally implemented by using a package called a Data Base Management

System (DBMS). Each particular DBMS has somewhat unique characteristics, and so

such, general techniques for the design of database are limited. One of the most useful

methods of analyzing the data required by the system for the data dictionary has

developed from research into relational database, particularly the work of E.F. Codd

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. this method of analyzing data is called Normalization. Unnormalized data are

converted into normalized data by three stages. Each stage has a procedure to follow.

2.17 NORMALIZATION

The first stage is normalization is to reduce the data to its first normal form, by removing

repeating items showing them as separate records but including in them the key fields of

the original record.

The next stage of reduction to the second normal form is to check that the record,

which one is first normal form, all the items in each record are entirely dependent on the

key of the record. If a data item is not dependent on the key of the record, but on the

other data item, then it is removed with its key to form another record. This is done until

each record contains data items, which are entirely dependent on the key of their record.

The final stage of the analysis, the reduction of third normal form involves

examining each record, which one is in second normal form to see whether any items are

mutually dependent. If there are any item there are removed to a separate record leaving

one of the items behind in the original record and using that as the key in the newly

created record.

2.18 DATABASE EXAMPLES:

2.18.1ORACLE:

Any programming environment used to create containers, to manage human data, in the

conceptualization as a Data Management System. Traditionally, the block of human data

being managed is called a Database. Hence, in very simple terms, these programming

environments can the conceptualized as Database Management Systems, in short DBMS

All Databases Management Systems (that is, Oracle is DBMS) allow users to create

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containers for data stories and management. These containers are called cells.

The minimum information that has to be given to Oracle for a suitable container to

be constructed, which can hold free from human data, is,

1. The cell name

2. The cell length

Another name that programming environments use for a Cell is Field. The version

here included is oracle8i.

2.18.2 MY-SQL :

My -sql is one type of database that is available freely , even it can be

downloaded from net .unlike oracle ,it cannot see for user , passward.

2.19 PROGRAMMING CONCEPTS:

2.19.1 JAVA:

2.19.2Creation of Java:

James Gosling conceived Java. Patrick Naughton, Chris Warth, Ed Frank and Mike

Sheridan at Sun Micro Systems Incorporation in 1991. It took 18 months to develop the

first working version. This language was initially called OAK in 1992 and public

announcement of Java in 1995, many more contributed to the design and evolution of the

language.

2.19.3Advantages of Java:

2.19.3.1 Java is Portable:

One of the biggest advantages Java offers is that it is portable. An application written in

Java will run on all the major platforms. Any computer with a Java based browser can

run the applications or applets written in the Java programming language. These means

that with the JDBC API extending Java, a programmer writing Java code can access all

the major relational databases on any platform that supports the Java virtual machine.

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2.19.3.2 Java is Object Oriented:

Java is Object Oriented, which makes program design focus on what you are dealing

with rather than on how you are going to do something. This makes it more useful for

programming in sophisticated projects because one can break the things down into

understandable components. A big benefit is that these components can then be reused.

2.19.3.3 Java Makes It Easy:

In addition to being portable and object oriented, Java facilitates writing correct code.

Programmers spend less time writing Java code and a lot less time debugging it. In fact,

developers have reported slashing development time by as much as two thirds.

2.19.3.4 Java is Extensible:

A big plus for Java is the fact it can be extended. It was purposely written to be lean with

the emphasis on doing what it does very well, instead of tying to do everything from the

beginning, it was return so that extending it is very easy. The java platform includes an

extensive class library so that programmers can use already existing classes, as it is,

create subclasses to modify existing classes, or implement to augment the capabilities of

classes.

2.19.3.5 Java is Secure:

It is important that a programmer not be able to write subversive code for applications or

applets. This is especially true with the Internet being used more and more extensively

for services such as electronic commerce and electronic distribution of software and

multimedia content.

2.19.3.6 JAVA Performs Well:

Java performance is better than one might expect. Javas many advantages, such as

having built in security and being interpreted as well as complied, do have a cost

attached to them. optimizations have been built, in, and the byte code interpreter can run

very fast, interpreted byte codes are usually more than adequate to run interactive

graphical end user applications.

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2.19.3.7 Java is Robust:

The multi plat formed environment of the WEB places extraordinary demands on a

Program , because it must execute reliably in a variety of systems. Thus the ability to

create robust programs was given a high priority in the design of Java.Java and Internet:

The Internet helped catapult Java to the forefront of programming and Java in turn has

had a profound effect on the Internet. The reason is simple: Java expands the universe of

objects that can move about freely in cyberspace. In a network, there are two broad

categories of objects transmitted between the Server and your Personal Computer:

passive information and dynamic, active programs like an object that can be transmitted

to your computer, which is a dynamic, self-executing program. Such a program would

be an active agent ton the client computer, yet the server would initiate it. As desirable as

dynamic, networked programs are, they also present serious problems in the areas of

security and portability. Prior to Java cyberspace was effectively closed to half the

entities that now live there. Java addresses these concerns and doing so, has opened the

door to an exiting a new form of program.

2.19.4SERVER SIDE APPLICATION:

The rise of server-side Java applications is one of the latest and most exciting trends in

Java programming. It was first hyped as a language for developing elaborate client-side

web content in the form of applets. Now, Java is coming into its own as a language

ideally suited for server-side development. Businesses in particular have been quick to

recognize Javas potential on the server-Java is inherently suited for large client/server

applications. The cross platform nature of Java is extremely useful for organizations that

have a heterogeneous collection of servers running various flavors of the Unix of

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Windows operating systems. Javas modern, object-oriented, memory-protected design

allows developers to cut development cycles and increase reliability. In addition, Javas

built-in support for networking and enterprise API provides access to legacy data, easing

the transition from older client/server systems.

SERVLETS:

Java Servlets are a key component of server-side java development. A Servlet is a small,

plug gable extension to a server that enhances the servers functionality. Servlets allow

developers to extend and customize and Java enabled server a web server, a mail server,

an application server, or any custom server with a unknown degree of portability

, flexibility and easy.with its requests and responses it is more helpful for the generation

of webpages.

In this project we have implemented three-tier model, commands are sent to a middle

tier of services, which then send SQL statements to the database. The database process

the SQL statements and sends the results back to the middle tier, which then sends them

to the user. JDBC is important to allow database access from a Java middle tier.

2.21. Java and Java Script:

Although the names are almost the same Java is not the same as Java Script. These are

two different techniques for Internet programming. Java is a programming language;

JavaScript is a scripting language (as the name implies). The difference is that we can

create real programs with Java. But often to make a nice effect without having to bother

about real programming. So JavaScript is meant to be easy to understand and easy to

use. JavaScript authors should not have to care too much about programming.

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2.20 HTML:

HTML is hypertext language because it supports font styled text ,pictures , graphics and

animations ,it provides the links used to browse the internet .It is the basis for creating

webpage .

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CHAPTER-3

ACTUAL

PROJECT WORK

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3.1 SOFTWARE ENGENEERING PARADIGM:

The linear sequential model for software engineering some times called the classic

model or the water fall model, the linear sequential suggests a systematic, sequential

approach to software development that begins at eth system level and process through

analysis, design, coding, testing, and maintenance.

System engineering and analysis encompasses requirements gathering at the system

level with a small amount of top-level analysis and design. Information engineering

encompasses requirements gathering at the strategic business level and at the strategic

business level and at the business area level.

3.1.1 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS :

It results in the specification of softwares operational characteristics ,indicates

softwares interface with other system elements and establishes constraints that software

must meet the requirements gathering process is intensified and focused specifically on

software. To understand the nature of the programs to be built, the software Engineer

must under stand the information domain for the software, as well as required function,

behavior, performance, and inter facing. Requirements for the both the system and the

software are documented and reviewed with the customer.

3.1.1.1 SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE SPECIFICATIONS

The following hardware using for developing the project

(i) Hardware requirement for developing

1. Pentium III Processor with @ 800 Mhz Speed

2. 128 RAM

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3. 20 GB HDD

4. 14 Color Monitor

5. 1.44 MB FDD

6. CD ROM drive

7. 105 keys keyboard

8. 4 Serial + 4 Parallel ports

9. Mouse

10. Printer

11. Ethernet card

12. Internet Modem

(ii) Software requirement for developing

1. Windows 2000 Operating system

2. Jdk 1.4

3. Tomcat Web Server 5.0.25

3.1.2 DESIGN :

Software design is actually a multi step process that focuses on four distinct attributes of

a program: data structure, software architecture, interface representations, and procedural

detail.

3.1.2.1ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN:

JAVA DATABASE INTERFACE .This is to make common database interface

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F

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HTML/Servlet (client)

Database dictionary representation(metadata)

JDBC engine to collect data from database

oracle mysql other

or

acle

m

ysql

ot

her

Vendor specificJDBC driver


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The design process translates requirements into a representation of the software that can

be assessed for quality before code generation begins. Like requirements the design is

documented and becomes part of the software configuration. Design of software involves

conceiving planning out and specifying the externally observable characteristics of the

software product. We have data design, architectural design and user interface design in

the design process. These are explained in the following section. The goals of design

process it to provide a blue print for implementation, testing, and maintenance activities

3.1.2.2 DATA DESIGN

The primary activity during data design is to select logical representations of data objects

Identified during requirement analysis and software analysis.

A data dictionary explicitly on the elements of the data structure. A data dictionary

should be established and used to define both data and program design .This project has

no specific data design ,irrespective of the structure of the data in the database it deals

with only connectivity to the back-end software.

For any database we use vendor specific JDBC Drivers. As these drivers are built on

JDBC Specifications we use JDBC as reference to access allDATA. We getconnection

based on the driver selected and rest is independent of database.

3.1.2.3 SYSTEM DESIGN:

Class diagramUser interacts with the system by having an interface with the content

what we have developed.GUI is developed with scripting lanaguage and the design is

interpreted with the help of class-diagram and other relationships .A class is a set of

objects that share a commonstructures and common behavior.Collectionof functions

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and attributes of an object.Object is the combination of data and logic. GUI component

is the main class here, menu ,input screen Report are the classes that generalizes the gui

class. Datamanipulator is the object that is instantiated from the main class which uses

the datastore class for storing the database. Description and listing of the db are the

classes that inherited from the datastore. List of operations alter ,rename ,edit ,empty are

the classes that inherited from the data manipulator class .This interpretates the class

diagram.

3.1.2.4 INTERFACE DESIGN:

The goal of design is to provide a blueprint for implementation, system responsibilities

are known by understanding how the user can use the system.This goal can be

accomplished by giving modules.

Use-case-diagram

The whole system represented as per the module wise .First of all the userselects the

particular driver and then according to the list of tables available in the system ,the user

selects the particular operation which are here described as modules .Each module

responsible for some operation structure ,retrieve ,query pane ,insert , some operations

which alters , rename, emptythe tables .user selects the particular operation which

are sequence of events represented as use cases with the user as actor.

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User

Stucture

Properties

SQL

ExportImport

SearchOperations

Select Driver

Sequential-diagram

The sequence of flow of events is interpreted through this diagram .Theuser enters with

this name and passward ,which are valid and able to access those tables which are

created under the user name .Then he is allowed to do the available operations .The

sequence of entire system is shown below and the flow of events for each module is also

interpretated .

For the entire system:

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: UserLoginValidate Structure Properties SQL Export Import Operations Search

(driver,url,username,pwd)(validate())

For the structure:

: User

Login Validate Structure Table StructureSelect Table

Name

(driver,url,userid,pwd)

(click on structure)

(select table name)

(validate())

(display table structure)

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For the retrieve(browse):

: UserLogin Validate Browse Display TableSettings

(driver,url,userid,pwd)(validate())

(select browse) (select column to be displayed)

For the querypane:

: User

Login Validate SQL Enter query


(validate())

(select SQL) (click on run)

For the import and export:

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: UserLogin Validate Export Export Table


(validate())

(select export) (Export table name, format)

: UserLogin Validate import browse


(validate())

(select import) (import from sql file)

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For the operations:

alterTabl: Login Operati(driver,url,useri

(validat(select (enter table name, field

STATE DIAGRAM:

The state diagram represents different number of states. Whether the user is valid or not

,it is checked as in one state and after the validation he will enter into the menu for the

operations.

3.1.3 IMPLEMENTATIONImplementation is the process of having systems personnel check out and put new

equipment into use, train users, install the new app Depending on the size of the

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unauthenticated Validation DB Menu

( Driver,username,pwd)

( invalid )

( valid )


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organization that will be involved in using the application and the risk associated with its

use, systems developers may choose to test the operation in only one area of the firm,

say in one department or with only one or two persons. Sometimes they will run the old

and new systems together to compare the results. In still other situation, developers will

stop using the old system one-day and begin using the new one the next. As we will see,

each implementation strategy has its merits, depending on the business situation in which

it is considered. Regardless of the implementation strategy used, developers strive to

ensure that the systems initial use in trouble-free.

Once installed, applications are often used for many years. However, both the

organization and the users will change, and the environment will be different over weeks

and months. Therefore, the application will undoubtedly have to be maintained;

modifications and changes will be made to the software, files, or procedures to meet

emerging user requirements. Since organization systems and the business environment

undergo continual change, the information systems should keep pace. In this sense,

implementation is ongoing process.

This project implementation is done with the help of the server i..e application server

TOMCAT .Start the server .Install oracle and mysql .Open the Internet Explorer and

through a request by typing the address the corresponding page is opened for response.

3.1.4 TESTING:

3.1.4.1 SOFTWARE TESTING TECHNIQUES:

Software testing is a critical element of software quality assurance and represents the

ultimate review of specification, designing and coding.

3.1.4.1.1 TESTING OBJECTIVES:

1. Testing is process of executing a program with the intent of finding anerror

.

2. A good test case design is one that has a probability of finding an as yet

undiscovered error.

3.A successful test is one that uncovers an as yet undiscovered error.

.

Testing cannot show the absence of defects, it can only show that software errors are

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4.1 Conclusion

This application has got very user friendly look and feel, so that it will

provide easy access to connect to the databases without the need of code implementation

externally.The tool performance including the security related aspects, result in the release

of this application as a product in the market.

4.2Future Enhancement

This application can be extended so that it will give maximum

performance including the security related aspects, releasing of this application as a

product in the open market. As it has got very user friendly look and feel, it will be

definitely succeeded in the market as a product.

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BIBLIOGRAPHYThe Knowledge required for developing this project is extracted from the following

books.

1. Patric Naughton , The Java2 Complete Referece

2. S. Horstmann & Gary Cornell ,Core Java2 Volume I FundamentalsSunSoft

Press

3. S. Horstmann & Gary Cornell ,Core Java2 Volume II Advanced Features ;

SunSoft Press

4. Karl moss, Java Database Programming with servlets

5 Roger S. Pressmans ,Software Engineering ,Mc Graw Hill

6. Raghu Ramakrishnan,Johannes Gehrke,Database Management Systems, Mc

Graw Hill (II Edition)

Documents

integrateddbserverDocumentation