Honors Integrated Science 3Genetics Plus Unit Exam – VERSION A

1) A molecule with the formula C16H32O16 is probably a a. Carbohydrateb. Lipidc. Proteind. Nucleic acide. Hydrocarbon

2) Proteins, unlike carbohydrates, containa. Carbon c. Hydrogenb. Oxygen d. Nitrogen

3) Any nucleotide contains each of the following excepta. Nitrogenous base c. Pyrimidineb. Sugar d. Phosphate group

4) The two strands of a DNA double helix are held together bya. Hydrogen bondsb. RNA polymerasec. Phosphate groupsd. Deoxyribose

5) Which of the following statements best summarizes the structural differences between DNA and RNA?

a. RNA is a protein, whereas DNA is a nucleic acidb. DNA is a protein, whereas RNA is a nucleic acidc. DNA’s nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA’s nucleotidesd. RNA is a double helix, whereas DNA is single strandede. A and D are both correct

6) One similarity between DNA and messenger RNA molecules is that they both contain…a. the same sugarb. genetic codes based on sequences of basesc. a nitrogenous base known as uracild. double-stranded polymers

7) 5’ GTA _ _ _ AA 3’3’ CAT G C A T T 5’ This segment of DNA has undergone a mutation in which three nucleotides have been deleted. A repair enzyme would replace them with _ _ _.

a. CGT b. GCA c. CGU d. GTA

8) After replication, _________________a. Each new DNA double helix consists of two old strandsb. One new DNA double helix consists of two old strands and the other new DNA

double helix consists of two new strandsc. Each new DNA double helix consists of two new strandsd. Each new DNA double helix consists of one old strand and one new strande. Each new DNA double helix contains 25% of the old DNA double helix

Honors Integrated Science 3Genetics Plus Unit Exam – VERSION A

9) During replication, __________ is the enzyme responsible for joining the nucleotides of a new DNA strand together

a. DNA helicasesb. DNA ligasec. DNA polymerased. DNA gyrasee. DNase

10) The “Central Dogma” of genetics states the usual order of events in protein synthesis proceeds along which of the following sequences?

a. RNA DNA Proteinb. DNA Ribosome RNAc. DNA Protein RNAd. DNA RNA Protein

11) The item labeled A in the above diagram refers to ____.a. the codonb. Amino acid attachment sitec. The anticodond. A hydrogen bond

12) The item labeled B in the above diagram refers to ___.a. the codonb. Amino acid attachment sitec. The anticodond. A hydrogen bond

13) Which defines a codon?a. a protein that begins transcription by breaking apart H bondsb. a free-floating base that attaches to an open DNA strandc. the genetic code word of three bases on mRNA that specify one amino acidd. the strong bond between two complementary nitrogen bases

A

B

Use the diagram for the next 3 questions

Honors Integrated Science 3Genetics Plus Unit Exam – VERSION A

14) What is the role of tRNA during translation?a. bond to open the DNA strand to carry the code for protein synthesis out of the

nucleusb. carry ribosomes to the site of protein synthesisc. break aparty mRNA and send it back to the nucleus so that it can be reusedd. Carry amino acids to the mRNA for correct placement into the protein chain

15) Which of the following is not part of protein synthesis?a. replicationb. translationc. transcriptiond. these are all parts of protein synthesis

Directions: For the following questions, refer to the diagram below and match the letter of the indicated structure.

16) Ribosome ___17) mRNA strand ___18) Polypeptide ___

19) Some events that take place during the synthesis of a specific protein are listed below. I. Messenger RNA attaches to a ribosome.II. DNA serves as a template for RNA production.III. Transfer RNA bonds to a specific codon.IV. Amino acids are bonded together.V. RNA moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.

CA

B

Honors Integrated Science 3Genetics Plus Unit Exam – VERSION A

The correct order of the events listed above isa. II, V, I, III, IVb. IV, I, V, III, IIc. II, III, V, IV, Id. III, II, I, V, IV

20) The human X and Y chromosomes area. Both present in every somatic cell of males and females alikeb. Of approximately equal sizec. Almost entirely homologous, despite their different namesd. Called “sex chromosomes” because they determine an individual’s sexe. All of the above

21) In the above diagram A refers to...a. a Sugar molecule.b. a Phosphate group.c. a Nitrogenous base.d. Hydrogen bonds.

B

A

C

Honors Integrated Science 3Genetics Plus Unit Exam – VERSION A

22) In the above diagram B refers to…a. a Sugar molecule.b. a Phosphate group.c. a Nitrogenous base.d. Hydrogen bonds

23) In the above diagram C refers to…a. a Sugar molecule.b. a Phosphate group.c. a Nitrogenous base.d. Hydrogen bonds.

24) The following sequence of DNA is part of a gene. How many amino acids are coded for by this segment? 5’ ATCAGCGCTGGC 3’

a. 4b. 8c. 12d. 20

25) Which of the following statements about Mendel’s breeding experiments is correct?a. None of the parent (P) plants were true-breedingb. All of the F2 offspring showed a phenotype that was intermediate between the

two parental (P) phenotypesc. Half of the F1 offspring had the same phenotype as one of the parental (P) plants,

and the other half had the same phenotype as the other plantd. All of the F1 offspring resembled one of the parental (P) plants, but only some of

the F2 offspring dide. None of the above

26) The F1 offspring in Mendel’s experiments always looks like one of the two parental varieties because

a. One allele was completely dominant over the otherb. Each allele affected phenotypic expressionc. The traits blended together during fertilizationd. No genes interact to produce the parental phenotypee. Different genes interacted to produce the parental phenotype

27) Which of the following is/are true for alleles?a. They can be identical or different for any given gene in a somatic cellb. They can be dominant or recessivec. The can represent alternative forms of a gened. Only A and B are correcte. A, B, and C are all correct

28) A 3:1 ratio of tall to short plants appearing in the F2 generation supports the theory of a. Mutationb. Recessivenessc. Segregationd. Crossing over

Honors Integrated Science 3Genetics Plus Unit Exam – VERSION A

29) Which of the following is not one of the four major groups of macromolecules found in living organisms?

a. Carbohydrates d. Nucleic acidsb. Glucose e. Proteinsc. Lipids

30) Polymers are synthesized from monomers by which process?a. Connecting monosaccharides together (condensation reactions)b. The addition of water to each monomer (hydrolysis)c. The removal of water (dehydration synthesis)d. Ionic bonding of monomerse. The formation of disulfide bonds

31) Cellular and nuclear membranes are made of this type of macromoleculea. Carbohydratesb. Glucosec. Lipidsd. Nucleic acidse. Proteins

32) Transfer RNA becomes attached to messenger RNA by a. Base pairingb. Peptide bondsc. Deoxyribosed. Ribose

33) The decoding of messenger RNA into a protein is known as a. Transcriptionb. Transformationc. Translationd. Replication

34) The information that directs protein synthesis is in the DNA’s a. Sugars c. Nitrogenous basesb. Phosphate groups d. Enzymes

35) It was important that Mendel examined not just the F1 generation in his breeding experiments, but also the F2 generation because

a. He obtained very few F1 offspring, making statistical analysis difficultb. Parental traits that were not observed in the F1 generation reappeared in the F2

generation, suggestion that the traits did not truly disappear in the F1 generationc. Analysis of the F1 offspring would have allowed him to discover the law of

segregation, but not the law of independent assortmentd. The dominant phenotypes were visible in the F2 generation, but not in the F1e. All of the above

36) In the alleles that determine blood type,a. A and B are codominantb. A and O are codominantc. B and O are codominant

Honors Integrated Science 3Genetics Plus Unit Exam – VERSION A

d. O is dominant

37) The gametes of an alligator contain 16 chromosomes. Therefore, all of the other cells in its body contain ________ chromosomes

a. 8 b. 12 c. 16 d. 32 e. 64

38) The inheritance of one trait does not influence the inheritance of a different trait. This is known as

a. Dominanceb. Chromosomal inheritancec. Segregationd. Independent assortment

39) Three babies were mixed up at the hospital. After considering the data table below, which of the following represents the correct baby and parent combinations?

Couple #Blood groups

IA and A

IIA and B

IIIB and O

Baby #Blood group

1A

2O

3AB

a. I-3, II-1, III-2b. I-1, II-3, III-2c. I-2, II-3, III-1d. I-2, II-1, III-3e. I-3, II-2, III-1

40) P = purple, pp = white. The offspring of a cross between two heterozygous purple-flowering plants (Pp x Pp) results in

a. All purple-flowered plantsb. Purple-flowered plants and white-flowered plantsc. Two type of white-flowered plants, Pp and PPd. All white-flowered plantse. All pink-flowered plants

41) A cross between an individual who is heterozygous for a trait and an individual that is recessive for the same trait will probably produce offspring with

a. All the same genotypes b. Two different genotypesc. Three different genotypes d. All the same characteristics

42) A sexually reproducing animal has two unlinked genes, one for head shape (H), and one of tail length (T). Its genotype is HhTt. Which of the following genotypes is possible in a gamete from this organism?

a. HTb. Hhc. HhTtd. Te. u

Honors Integrated Science 3Genetics Plus Unit Exam – VERSION A

43) Since the allele for colorblindness is located on the X chromosome, colorblindnessa. Cannot be inheritedb. Occurs only in adults c. Is linked to genderd. Occurs only in females

44) Genes are codes fora. Sugars b. Phosphate groups c. Bases d. Proteins

45) A plant having purple flowers is crossed with a plant that has white flowers, producing plants with pink flowers. This cross is an example of

a. Multiple allelesb. Incomplete dominancec. Dominanced. Multiple genes

46) Full lips (L) are dominant over thin lips (l). Dean is homozygous for full lips and Heather is heterozygous for full lips. What is the probability that their child will have thin lips?

a. 0% b. 25% c. 50% d. 75% e. 100%

47) In rabbits, the coat color black dominant (B) over brown (b). Short hair is dominant (S) over long (s). In a cross between a heterozygous black, heterozygous short-haired male and a brown, long-haired female, what would be the phenotypic ratio of the F1 generation? Use scratch paper or your answer document to construct a Punnett Square.

a. 75% black & short, 25% black & longb. 75% brown & short, 25% brown & longc. 50% black & short, 25% black & long, 25% brown & shortd. 50% black & short, 25% black & short, 25% brown & longe. 25% black & short, 25% black & long, 25% brown & short, 25%

brown & long

48) A sex-linked gene is usually located on a/ana. X chromosomeb. Y chromosomec. Male autosomed. Female autosome

49) Almost all known enzymes area. Lipids b. Proteinsc. Carbohydratesd. Nucleic acids

50) A man who carries an X-linked allele will pass it on toa. All of his daughtersb. Half of his daughtersc. All of his sonsd. Half of his sonse. All of his children

Honors Integrated Science 3Genetics Plus Unit Exam – VERSION A

51) What is the genotype of individual B5?a. WWb. Wwc. wwd. WW or wwe. Ww or Ww

52) What is the likelihood that the offspring of D3 and D4 will have wooly hair?a. 0%b. 25%c. 50%d. 75%e. 100%

53) What is the probability that C1 has the genotype Ww?a. 75%b. 25%c. 50%d. 66.7%e. 100%

Honors Integrated Science 3Genetics Plus Unit Exam – VERSION A

54) What amino acid sequence will be made, based on the following mRNA codon sequence, UUU-UCU-UAU-UGU-CUU

a. Leu-cys-tyr-ser-pheb. Phe-ser-tyr-cys-leuc. Cyc-phe-tryr-cys-leud. Leu-pro-asp-lys-glye. Phe-tyr-ile-cys- leu

55) A possible sequence of DNA nucleotides in the template strand that would code for the polypeptide sequence phe-leu-ile-val would be

a. TTG-CTA-CAG-TAGb. AAC-GAC-GUC-AUAc. AAA-GAA-TAA-CAAd. AUG-CTG-CAG-TATe. AAA-AAT-ATA-ACA

Use the following pedigree to answer the questions below.

56) How many generations are represented in the pedigree?57) How many females are shown in this pedigree?58) How many carriers are shown in this pedigree?59) Is this condition likely dominant or recessive?60) Identify the genotype for individual 3 in the 2nd generation.

mRNA/Amino Acid Chart