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Integrated Pest Management in Arboriculture
Igor Laćan
Neonic slides courtesy of
Dr. Andrew Sutherland,
Herbicide info. from
Dr. Cheryl Wilen,
UCIPM
CISR, UC Riverside
Outline
Pest developmentsof 2015…
please tell me what I am missing…!
Neonic situations by Dr. Andrew Sutherland
Glyphosate fun Roundup round-ups…
Discussion (rotten fruit throwing, etc.)
MENTION OF ANY PESTICIDE NAMES IS
NOT AN ENDORSEMENT NOR A RECOMMENDATION
four elements of
a pest problem
Plant
pathology
Host
Pest Environment
Time
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
IPM is a decision-making process
that uses all available pest management strategies,
including cultural, physical, biological & chemical control
to prevent economically damaging pest outbreaks
& reduce risks to human health & the environment
Drought and pests: Eucalyptus longhornedborer
(or: watering can be a part of IPM!)
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
IPM is a decision-making process
that uses all available pest management strategies,
including cultural, physical, biological & chemical control
to prevent economically damaging pest outbreaks
& reduce risks to human health & the environment
Environmentally Friendly or Less-Toxic Pest Management
• is an ecological strategy
• for preventing and reducing pest problems
• with minimum adverse impact on human health,
non-target organisms, and the environment.
Outline
Pest developmentsof 2015…
please tell me what I am missing…!
Neonic situations by Dr. Andrew Sutherland
Glyphosate fun Roundup round-ups…
Discussion (rotten fruit throwing, etc.)
MENTION OF ANY PESTICIDE NAMES IS
NOT AN ENDORSEMENT NOR A RECOMMENDATION
Prevention example: Goldspotted oak borerAgrilus auroguttatus
Host: Live oaks (Coast,
Canyon); California black oak
Range: Riverside and San
Diego Counties
CISR, UC Riverside
Polyphagous shothole borer and Fusarium dieback
Range: Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside and San Bernardino Counties
Akif Eskalen,Eskalenlab.ucr.edu
How did these
pests get here….?
Poster by Ed Lum
Prevention example:Thousand cankers diseaseGeosmithia morbida
Host: Walnuts (rarely the
edible one)
Vector: Walnut Twig Beetle
Pityophthorus juglandis
Range: state-wide
A.D. Graves
J.K. Hasey
Drought and pests:Foamy bark cankeron stressed oaks
Eskalenlab.ucr.edu
Management: (1) reduce stress (water!); (2) prevent construction damage;
Indirect stress:Pitch cankeron Monterey pine
Individual infections,
may progress
down the branches
Management: (1) prevent stress (water!); (2) prune out in initial stage(3) Suppress beetles, if present
Recurring problem:
Reminder:
Thresholds
“…If you observe more than 8 to 10
oakworms more than 1/4 inch long,
defoliation may occur if oaks are not
sprayed.
Alternatively, a density of 25
oakworms per 100 shoot terminals has
been suggested as a treatment
threshold.”
Oakworm as an example of thresholds-setting
fear…
vs.
reality…
Other strange things…
(1) Cankers on ‘Marina’ strawberry tree
(2) Bacterial leaf scorch on…? (oleander, liquidambar)
(3) Your turn!
Tree species selection
is a critical component
of pest management
Photos: USDA
& should consider both
the individual tree AND
the other urban trees
Elsewhere 1: Emerald Ash BorerAgrilus planipennis
www.emeraldashborer.info
Pest Vulnerability Matrix
Construction
1 Obtain pest-host
information
2 Arrange in table,
indicate severity
3 Verify local importance
Reminder of neonicotinoid names/uses
Neonic challenges: secondary pest outbreaks
Neonic challenges: nontarget damage
Different neonics = different toxicity to bees
FoE, 2013
Alternative chemistries (C. Sadoff, 2015)
• 510 670 5624 office
• 510 499 2930 cell
Outline
Pest developments of 2015…
please tell me what I am missing…!
Neonic situations by Dr. Andrew Sutherland
Glyphosate fun Roundup round-ups…
Discussion (rotten fruit throwing, etc.)
Glyphosate
Glyphosate (Roundup®)
October 2015: IARC Report
November 2015-now: pandemonium…
Glyphosate: What did IARC actually say…
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CbBkB81ySxQ
Glyphosate: some details behind the IARC rating…
~ based on the strength of evidence; NOT on the degree of risk
(no info on how carcinogenic, how many, what cancers etc.…)
~ in other words: how certain we are that it might be dangerous;
NOT “how dangerous” it is
~ Example: banana peel accidents vs. car accidents
but all this probably will not matter much…
Weed management in the new era…
1: Get communicatin’…! (emphasize IPM context, process)
2: Follow developments in your County and around the Bay
(e.g., San Francisco)
3: Look for resources – UC, for example
4: Continue communicating!
Weed management in the new era: alternatives
(1) hand weeding, edging, mulch, and mowing...
(2) The closest thing : glufosinate (Finale, Cheetah, others);
a non-selective herbicide, limited translocation.
but has a Warning label (vs. Caution for glyphosate)
(3)For smaller weeds: contact non-selective
Suppress, or Avenger (org).or lower risk, e.g. Scythe.
(4) Could try a combo: a grass- selective translocated -
Weed management in the new era: alternatives 2
(1) hand weeding, edging, mulch, and mowing...
(2) glufosinate (Finale, Cheetah, others);
(3)For smaller weeds: contact non-selective organics
(4) Or a combination of:
a grass-selective transl. (fluazifop, sethoxydim, clethodim)
+
a broadfelaf-selective herbcide e.g., Turflon, Lontrel.
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