Integrated Network Management V

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IFIP - The International Federation for Information Processing

IFIP was founded in 1960 under the auspices of UNESCO, following the First World Computer Congress held in Paris the previous year. An umbrella organization for societies working in information processing, IFIP's aim is two-fold: to support information processing within its member countries and to encourage technology transfer to developing nations. As its mission statement clearly states,

IFIP's mission is to be the leading, truly international, apolitical organization which encourages and assists in the development, exploitation and application of information technology for the benefit of all people.

IFIP is a non-profitmaking organization, run almost solely by 2500 volunteers. It operates through a number of technical committees, which organize events and publications. IFW's events range from an international congress to local seminars, but the most important are:

• the IFIP World Computer Congress, held every second year; • open conferences; • working conferences.

The flagship event is the IFIP World Computer Congress, at which both invited and contributed papers are presented. Contributed papers are rigorously refereed and the rejection rate is high.

As with the Congress, participation in the open conferences is open to all and papers may be invited or submitted. Again, submitted papers are stringently refereed.

The working conferences are structured differently. They are usually run by a working group and attendance is small and by invitation only. Their purpose is to create an atmosphere conducive to innovation and development. Refereeing is less rigorous and papers are subjected to extensive group discussion.

Publications arising from IFIP events vary. The papers presented at the IFIP World Computer Congress and at open conferences are published as conference proceedings, while the results of the working conferences are often published as collections of selected and edited papers.

Any national society whose primary activity is in information may apply to become a full member of IFIP, although full membership is restricted to one society per country. Full members are entitled to vote at the annual General Assembly, National societies preferring a less committed involvement may apply for associate or corresponding membership. Associate members enjoy the same benefits as full members, but without voting rights. Corresponding members are not represented in IFIP bodies. Affiliated membership is open to non-national societies, and individual and honorary membership schemes are also offered.

Integrated Network Management V Integrated management in a virtual world Proceedings of the Fifth IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management San Diego, California, U.S.A., May 12-16, 1997 Sponsored by IFIP TC6 WG6 on Network Management, co-sponsored by the IEEE Communications Society CNOM

Edited by

Aurel A. Lazar Department of Electrical Engineering and Center for Telecommunications Research Columbia University New York, U.S.A.

Roberto Saracco CSELT Torino, Italy

and

Rolf Stadler Department of Electrical Engineering and Center for Telecommunications Research Columbia University New York, U.S.A.

IU n1 SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA. B.V.

First edition 1m

© 1m Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Chapman & Hali in 1997

ISBN 978-1-4757-5519-0 ISBN 978-0-387-35180-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-0-387-35180-3

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The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard 10 the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may he made.

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Preface

Symposium Committees

List of Reviewers

Introduction

CONTENTS

Integrated management in a virtual world S.B. Calo

TRACK I

xi

xiii

xvi

xix

PART ONE New Approaches to Customer Network Management 3

1 Multi-level reasoning for managing distributed enterprises and their networks J. Frey and L. Lewis 5

2 Integrated customer-focused network management: architectural perspectives L. Feldkhun, M. Marini and S. Borioni 17

3 Customer facing components for network management systems I. Busse and S. Covaci 31

4 A VPN management architecture for supporting CNM services in ATM networks J. T. Park, J.H. Lee, J. W. Hong, Y.M. Kim and S.B. Kim 44

PART TWO Web and Java Approaches 59

5 Network management using internet technologies F. Barillaud, L. Deri and M. Feridun 61

6 Using the world wide web and Java for network service management M.C. Maston 71

7 Distributed systems management on the web B. Reed, M. Peercy and E. Robinson 85

PART THREE TMN - Today and Tomorrow 97

8 Integrated TMN service provisioning and management environment G. Chen and Q. Kong 99

9 The use of allomorphism for the access control service in OSI management environment A.M. Ramos and E.S. Specialski 113

vi Contents

10 Experiences on building a distributed computing platform prototype for telecom network and service management S. Rahkila and S. Stenberg 127

11 Active objects in TMN A. Vassila, G. Pavlou and G. Knight 139

PART FOUR Standards, Protocols and Interoperability 151

12 Joint inter domain management: CORBA, CMIP and SNMP N. Soukouti and U. Hollberg 153

13 A service engineering approach to inter-domain TMN system development T. Tiropanis, D. Lewis, A. Richter and R. Shi 165

14 TMN/C++: an object-oriented API for GDMO, CMIS and ASN.l T.R. Chatt, M. Curry, U. Hollberg and J. Seppa 177

15 SNMP and TI.-1: simply integrating management oflegacy systems? A. Clemm 192

PART FIVE Management Paradigms 205

16 Determining the availability of distributed applications G. Dreo Rodosek and T. Kaiser 201

17 Secure service management in virtual service networks H. QuandT. Saydam 219

18 Intelligent agents for network fault diagnosis and testing G. Grimes and B.P. Adley 232

TRACKD 245

PART ONE Broadband Network Management 247

19 Layered bandwidth management in ATM/SDH networks T.H. Noh 249

20 Unified fault, resource management and control in ATM-based IBCN S. Sartzetakis, P. Georgatsos, G. Konstantoulakis, G. Pavlou and D.P. Griffin 262

21 Performance management of public ATM networks -a scaleable and flexible approach R. Davison and M. Azmoodeh 275

22 DIVA: a Distributed & dynamic YP management Algorithm S. Srinivasan and M. Veeraraghavan 287

PART TWO Service Management 299

23 Customer management and control of broadband VPN services M. C. Chan, A.A. Lazar and R. Stadler 301

24 ATM network resources management using layer and virtual network concepts G. Woodruff, N. Perinpanathan, F. Chang, P. Appanna and A. Leon-Garcia 315

Contents

25 Management of new federated services P. Bhoj, D. Caswell, S. Chutani, G. Gopal and M. Kosarchyn

PART THREE Management and Control in ATM Networks

26 A general framework for routing management in multi-service ATMnetworks P. Georgatsos and D.P. Griffin

27 Switchlets and dynamic virtual ATM networks J.E. van der Merwe and l.M. Leslie

28 The Hollowman: an innovative ATM control architecture S. Rooney

PART FOUR Multimedia Services, Applications, Policies

29 lmmersive and non-immersive virtual reality techniques applied to telecommunications network management M. Kahani and H. W. Peter Beadle

30 Broadband video/audio/data distribution networks - the need for network management A.R. Brenner and B.N. Meandzija

31 Management of an ATM based integrated voice and data network -a pragmatic solution W. Filip and G. Zoerntlein

32 Conflict analysis for management policies E. Lupu and M. Sloman

PART FIVE Testing the Management Information Base

33 Implementation and evaluation of MIB tester for OSI management K. Sugiyama, H. Horiuchi, S. Obana and K. Suzuki

34 Design and testing of information models in a virtual environment R. Eberhardt, S. Mazziotta and D. Sidou

35 Formal specification and testing of a management architecture G.P.A. Fernandes and J. Derrick

TRACK III

PART ONE CORBA-Based Management

36 Incorporating manageability into distributed software R. Chadha and S. Wuu

37 Designing scaleable applications using CORBA R.B. Whitner

38 ACE: an environment for specifying, developing and generating TINA services P.G. Bosco, D. LoGiudice, G. Martini and C. Moiso

vii

327

341

343

355

369

381

383

396

418

430

445

447

461

473

485

487

489

503

515

viii Contents

39 Supporting dynamic policy change using CORBA system management facilities S. Howard, H. Lutfiyya, M. Katchabaw and M. Bauer

PART TWO Network Monitoring Policies

40 Deriving variable polling frequency policies for pro-active management in networks and distributed systems P. Dini and R. Boutaba

41 Agent based management of distributed systems with variable polling frequency policies P. Dini, G. v. Bochmann, T. Koch and B. Kramer

42 A nonblocking mechanism for regulating the transmission of network management polls A.B. Bondi

PART THREE Fault Management I

43 Fault isolation and event correlation for integrated fault management S. Kiitker and M. Paterok

44 Non-broadcast network fault-monitoring based on system-level diagnosis E.P. Duarte Jr., G. Mansfield, T. Nanya and S. Noguchi

45 Proactive management of computer networks using artificial intelligence agents and techniques M.A. da Rocha and C. Becker Westphall

PART FOUR Information Models

46 Event modeling with the MODEL language A. Mayer; S. Kliger; D. Ohsie and S. Yemini

47 Network management services using a temporal information model T.K. Apostolopoulos and V.C. Daskalou

48 Meta managed objects J. Seitz

49 ReiMan: a GRM-based relationship manager E. Nataf, 0. Festor and L Andrey

PART FIVE Fault Management ll

50 Divide and conquer technique for network fault management K. Ohta, T. Mori, N. Kato, H. Sone, G. Mansfield and Y. Nemoto

51 Automated proactive anomaly detection C.S. Hood and C. Ji

52 Generating diagnostic tools for network fault management M. Sabin, R.D. Russell and E. C. Freuder

527

539

541

553

565

581

583

597

610

623

625

638

650

661

673

675

688

700

Contents IX

PART SIX Intelligent Agents 713

53 An agent-based approach to service management- towards service independent network architecture G. Hjalmtjsson and A. Jain 715

54 Distributed network management with dynamic rule-based managing agents T. Trammer and R. Konopka 730

55 Delegation agents: design and implementation M. Suzuki, Y. Kiriha and S. Nakai 742

56 A spreadsheet-based scripting environment for SNMP P. Kalyanasundaram, A.S. Sethi, C.M. Sherwin and D. Zhu 752

KEYNOTES AND PANEL SESSIONS 767

PART ONE Keynote Addresses 769

57 The first anniversary of the Tivoli/IBM merger: the present and future of TME 10 F.H. Moss

58 When societies are built from bits WH. Davidow

59 The future of integrated network and systems management Y. Gupta

60 Why bad things happen to good systems L. Bernstein

PART TWO Panel Sessions

61 Distinguished experts panel: integrated management in a virtual world Chair: J. Herman

62 Web-based management Chair: B. Murril

63 Challenges in managing intranets Chair: S. Handelman

64 Managing mobility Chair: N. Anerousis

65 New technologies bridging the gap between computer and telecommunications Chair: R.S. Cohen

66 Open network control Chair: A.A. Lazar

POSTERS

67 Implementation of duplicate MD (proxy-agent) with distributed functions and high reliability S.-H. Yun, Y. Shoji andY. Ohta

771

772

773

774

775

777

778

779

780

781

782

783

785

X Contents

68 An open distributed VPN management system for a multi-domain management world H. Khayat, L.H. Bjerring, R.S. Lund and L.M. Ericsson 786

69 SNMP-based network security management P.C. Hyland and R. Sandhu 787

70 Managing personal communication systems in a multi-domain environment A. Richter and M. Tschichholz 788

71 A layered architecture for capacity planning in hybrid networks U. Datta and L. Lewis 789

72 Network management agents supported by a Java environment G. Luderer, H. Ku, B. Subbiah and A. Narayanan 790

73 Integrating SNMP and CMIP alarm processing in a TMN management environment F. Munoz-Mansilla, J. Sanchez, V. Carneiro and J. Coego 791

74 Distributed service and network management using intelligent filters C. Cicalese, J. DeCarlo, H. Folts, M. Kahn and E. Zeisler 792

75 TINA service management principle H. Kamata and T. Hamada 793

Index of contributors 795

Keyword index 797

Preface

Welcome to IM'97! We hope you had the opportunity to attend the Conference in beautiful San Diego. If that was the case, you will want to get back to these proceedings for further read­ings and reflections. You'll find e-mail addresses of the main author of each paper, and you are surely encouraged to get in touch for further discussions. You can also take advantage of the CNOM (Committee on Network Operation and Management) web site where a virtual discus­sion agora has been set up for IM'97 (URL: http://www.cselt.stet.it/CNOMWWWIIM97.html). At this site you will find a brief summary of discussions that took place in the various panels, and slides that accompanied some of the presentations--all courtesy of the participants. If you have not been to the Conference, leafing through these proceedings may give you food for thought. Hopefully, you will also be joining the virtual world on the web for discussions with authors and others who were at the Conference.

At IM'97 the two worlds of computer networks and telecommunications systems came to­gether, each proposing a view to management that stems from their own paradigms. Each world made clear the need for end-to-end management and, therefore, each one stepped into the oth­er's field. We feel that there is no winner but a mutual enrichment. The time is ripe for integra­tion and it is likely that the next Conference will bear its fruit.

The technical papers presented in this volume were selected from among 138 submissions through a rigorous review process. Each paper was reviewed by at least 3 referees and carefully evaluated by the program committee to ensure the highest quality. The contents of the proceed­ings include the 56 selected submissions, and abstracts from the keynote addresses presented by leading visionaries of integrated systems management, short descriptions of 6 panels involving some of the best technical experts in the field, and abstracts of papers presented as posters. The table of contents is organized following the conference framework (tracks/sessions). Three main tracks, including sessions, have been identified as follows:

0 Track/ 0 New Approaches to Customer Network Management 0 Web and Java Approaches 0 TMN - Today and Tomorrow 0 Standards, Protocols and Interoperability 0 Management Paradigms

0 Track// 0 Broadband Network Management 0 Service Management 0 Management and Control of A TM Networks 0 Multimedia Services, Applications, Policies 0 Testing the Management Information Base

x.ii

CJ Track III

0 CORBA-based Management

0 Network Monitoring Policies

0 Fault Management - I 0 Information Models

0 Fault Management - II

0 Intelligent Agents

CJ Keynote and Panel Sessions

0 Keynote Addresses

0 Panel Sessions

CJ Posters

Preface

When we read the proceedings, new challenges become apparent and new technologies ap­pear to be full of promise. Managing new services on many different types of networks with many different players are among the challenges. Along with them is the need for seamless in­teroperability and independence between services and networks, between market strategies, niche markets and global markets·, and between one-point management and independent man­agement. These challenges are discussed in the sessions on Broadband Network Management, Service Management, Fault Management, Management and Control of ATM Networks, Net­work Monitoring Policies, Standards, Protocols and Interoperability, Information Models, Mul­timedia Services, Applications, and Policies, and Testing the Management Information Base. New technologies are promising different ways of approaching management issues, thereby leading to novel management requirements. These are discussed in the sessions on New Ap­proaches to Customer Network Management, Web and Java Approaches, Corba-based Man­agement, TMN Today and Tomorrow, Management Paradigms and Intelligent Agents.

The work included in this volume represents the collective contributions of authors, dedi­cated reviewers and a committed program committee. We wish to extend our gratitude to the authors of the technical papers and posters, without whom this symposium would not have been possible, the efforts of truly tireless reviewers, and the members of the Program Committee for their help with paper solicitation and review.

Special thanks go to Andreas Eggenberger for helping with the design and implementation of the paper handling software. Last but not least, we thank Constantin Adam, Cristina Aurreco­echea, Jit Biswas, Marco Borla, Cristina Calderaro, and Andreas Eggenberger for their help with the handling of paper submissions and many other tasks.

Aurel A. Lazar, Roberto Saracco and Rolf Stadler January 30, 1997

Symposium Committees

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE MEMBERS

Dan Stokesberry Seraphin B. Calo

Aurel A. Lazar Roberto Saracco Rolf Stadler Yvonne Hildebrand

Joseph Diamand Varoozh Harikian

Joseph L. Hellerstein Jim Herman

Branislav Meandzija

Anne-Marie Lambert

Kenneth J. Lutz Tom Stevenson BinaySugla

U.S.A., General Chair IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, U.S.A., Vice-Chair, Acting Chair Columbia University, U.S.A., Program Co-Chair CSELT, Italy, Program Co-Chair Columbia University, U.S.A., Program Committee Copper Mountain Networks, U.S.A., Local Arrangements Chair General Instruments, U.S.A., Vendor Program Chair IBM Int'l Technical Support Organization, U.S.A., Tutorials Chair IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, U.S.A., Secretary Northeast Consulting, U.S.A., Special Technical Events Chair Meta Communications, Inc., U.S.A., Advisory Board Chair Parlance Corporation (subsidiary of BBN), U.S.A., Publicity and Marketing Bellcore, U.S.A., IEEE/CNOM Coordinator IEEE ComSoc, U.S.A., IEEE ComSoc Coordinator AT&T Research, U.S.A., Treasurer

ADVISORY BOARD MEMBERS

Lawrence Bernstein Seraphin B. Calo Branislav Meandzija Wolfgang Zimmer Douglas N. Zuckerman

Price Waterhouse and Network Programs, Inc., U.S.A. IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, U.S.A. Meta Communications, Inc., U.S.A., Chair GMD FIRST, Germany Bellcore, U.S.A.

xiv Symposium Committees

PROGRAM COMMITTEE MEMBERS

Members of the Organizing Committee and the Advisory Board are also members of the Program Committee.

Nikos G. Anerousis Joseph Betser Jit Biswas Walter Buga Laura Cerchio William Donnelly Janusz Filipiak KurtGeihs German Goldszmidt Rodney M. Goodman Gita Gopal Shri Goyal Sigmund Handelman Satoshi Hasegawa Heinz-Gerd Hegering James W. Hong GautamKar Shaygan Kheradpir Wolfgang Kleinoeder Kenichi Kitami Subrata Mazumdar Keith McCloghrie PaulS. Min George Mouradian Shoichiro Nakai Giovanni Pacifici Jong-Tae Park George Pavlou PradeepRay Yves Raynaud JanRoos IzhakRubin Veli Sahin Stelios Sartzetakis Adarshpal S. Sethi Morris Sloman

AT&T Labs, U.S.A. The Aerospace Corporation, U.S.A. Institute of Systems Science, Singapore Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, U.S.A. CSELT, Italy Broadcom Eireann Research, Ireland University of Cracow, Poland University of Frankfurt, Germany ffiM T.J. Watson Research Center, U.S.A. California Inst. of Technology, U.S.A. HP Labs, U.S.A. GTE Laboratories, U.S.A. ffiM T.J. Watson Research Center, U.S.A.

NEC Corporation, Japan University of Munich, Germany Pohang University of Science and Technology, Korea

ffiM T.J. Watson Research Center, U.S.A. GTE Laboratories, U.S.A. ffiM Zurich Research Laboratory, Switzerland NTT,Japan Bell Laboratories, U.S.A. Cisco, U.S.A. Washington University, U.S.A. AT&T Labs, U.S.A. NEC Corporation, Japan ffiM T.J.Watson Research Center, U.S.A. Kyungpook National University, Korea University College London, U.K. University of Technology, Australia Universite Paul Sabatier, France University of Pretoria, South Africa University of California at Los Angeles, U.S.A. NEC America, U.S.A. ICS-FORTH, Greece University of Delaware, U.S.A. Imperial College London, U.K.

Symposium Committees

PROGRAM COMMITTEE MEMBERS (Continued)

Liba Svobodova MarkSylor Paolo Tiribelli Mitsuru Tsuchida Fabienne Vincent-Franc Carlos Becker Westphall Yechiam Yemini

IBM Zurich Research Laboratory, Switzerland Digital Equipment Corporation, U.S.A Sodalia, Italy Mitsubishi, Japan Centre National des Etudes Spatiales, France Federal University of SC, Brazil Columbia University, U.S.A.

XV

List of Reviewers

A. Abdulmalak J.M. Goett E.Lupu A. Adas G. Goldszmidt K.J. Lutz N. Anerousis R.M. Goodman F. Malabocchia M.S.M. Annoni Notare G.Gopal J.B. Mangueira Sobral C. Aurrecoechea S. Goyal A. Mann B. Baer E. Grasso M. Mansouri-Samani E. Bagnasco D. Griffin F. Marconcini C. Becker Westphall H. Gruender M. Marini M. Bert S. Gugliermetti J. Martinka J. Betser S. Handelman S.Mazumdar A. Biliris V. Harikian K. McCloghrie R. Bisio S. Hasegawa B. Meandzija J. Biswas H.-G. Hegering P.S.Min D.J. Bobko S. Heilbronner P. Mishra S. Borioni K. Heiler K. Moore P.G. Bosco G. Hjalmtysson M.Mountzia S. Brady Y. Hoffner G. Mouradian R. Brockett G.Jakobson S. Nakai W. Buga D. Jordaan B.Neumair S.B. Calo S. Kaetker R.Ordower D. Caswell G. Kaleeswaran G. Pacifici T.A. Cauble C. Kalmanek G. Pavlou L. Cerchio P. Kalyanasundaram E. Perry M.C.Chan G.Kar R. Pillai T. Chandra G. Karayannopoulos P. Porras G. Chen G. Karjoth E. Pring W.Choe M. Karsten A. Puder C.W.Choi A. Keller P. Putter S. Chutani P. Kelly S. Ramanathan W.J. Davis K. Kitami G.Ratta A.S.M. De Franceschi B. Kitson P.Ray L. Deri W. Kleinoeder Y.Raynaud J. Dilley D.S. Klett B.G. Riso W. Donnelly R. Koch J. Roos G. Dreo Rodosek Q.Kong C. Rosado-Sosa F. Duda W. Korfhage I. Rubin B. Dvais L.F. Kormann R. Saracco R. Farsi M. Kosarchyn B. Sarikaya L. Feldkhun A.A. Lazar S. Sartzetakis H. Fossa D. Lewis T.Saydam B. Fraley K.-S. Lim A. Schade P. Garg G. LoRusso S. Schonberger C. Gbaguidi C. Louison S. Schwerdtner K. Geihs W.P.Lu A. Sethi

H.V. Shah S.K. Sharma C. Sherwin C. Shim J. Siwko M.Sloman R. Stadler P. Steenekamp N. Stoffel B. Sugla

List of Reviewers

LIST OF REVIEWERS (Continued)

C. Sundaramurthy L. Svobodova M. Sylor P. Tiribelli T. Tiropanis M. Tsuchida J. Turek A. Valderruten Vidal F. Vincent-Franc

J. White w. Whitt R. Wies Y. Yemini S.C. Young M.Zapf D.Zhu W.Zimmer D.N. Zuckerman

XVII

Introduction

Integrated management in a virtual world

Seraphin B. CALO, ffiM Research Division, U.S.A.

1. The Spirit Continues

During the two years since our last International Symposium on Integrated Network Management, ISINM '95 in Santa Barbara, there has been an increasing recognition of the critical importance of network and systems management technologies. Business needs and global competition have led to a greater reliance on information processing systems, while the size and complexity of such systems has continued to grow. At the same time the Internet phenomenon has produced new opportunities for large scale electronic services. Effective and efficient management technologies are clearly neces­sary for the successful realization of a worldwide information infrastructure.

This trend towards increasing interconnection and electronic access, however, is pro­ducing large, heterogeneous, distributed systems whose size, scope, and organizational boundaries pose challenging management problems. Enterprise management solutions must make greater advances in scalability, automation, and integration in order to re­main cost effective in complex, distributed, mission critical systems environments. Ad­vances in network and systems management are thus at the center of this dynamic world of evolving electronic services; and, the demand for seamless integration of computer applications and communications services into network, systems and technology infra­structures that are robust, flexible and cost-effective continues to increase.

The fifth international symposium on Integrated Network Management, 1M '97, covers many of these topics. Its principal theme, however, is Integrated Management in a Vir­tual World, emphasizing the pivotal role that integrated network management plays in worldwide information networks and distributed systems that cross geographical and political boundaries. Indeed, these networks extend beyond physical boundaries to sup­port virtual corporations, virtual LANs, inter-enterprise inter-networking, real and vir­tual service management, outsourcing and electronic commerce.

XX Introduction

The 1997 symposium offers a world-class program of high-quality technical sessions presented by recognized leaders in their field. They address the relevant current issues, future trends, and emerging technologies involved in formulating overall management solutions across all types of networks, enterprise communication systems, distributed computing systems and applications. The technical presentations show an excellent mix of topics, organizations and international contributions.

2. History of the IFIPIIEEE Symposium on Integrated Network Management

Known by the acronym "ISINM" until this year's change to "IM", which is much eas­ier to say, this biennial symposium series has earned a worldwide reputation as one of the network management industry's leading events.

Since 1989, the symposium has provided a technical forum for the research, standards, development, systems integrator, vendor and user communities. Each ISINM program and its related theme has reflected the historic events in integrated network manage­ment, and has indeed helped shape them.

- 1989: Improving Global Communication Through Network Management When the first ISINM was held in Boston in 1989, the need for comprehensive network manage­ment capabilities was apparent after major disasters had occurred in the telecommuni­cations industries in the years before. Standards for enabling integrated network management across multiple vendor networking resources were under development in international and regional arenas. While some thought that the development of these standards was the most difficult obstacle to integrated management solutions, many re­alized a few years later that standards were just the beginning of a long journey. Inte­grated network management emerged as one of the most complex and hard to solve problems in heterogeneous communications.

- 1991: Worldwide Advances in Integrated Network Management Two years later at the second ISINM in Washington, D.C., the need for enterprise-oriented management across data and telecommunications applications and distributed systems became in­creasingly apparent. The principal problems related to providing coherent, integrated network management solutions across standards-based, multi-vendor components. Multi-vendor demonstrations in North America, Europe and Japan seemed to indicate that the time had come when users could competitively procure network management products in any of several countries and be confident that they would inter-operate with comparable products in other parts of the world. That wasn't so.

- 1993: Strategies For The Nineties We have learned that we are not at the end of the road; we are not even in the middle. We are only at the beginning, and will remain there probably for the greater part of the nineties. Worldwide coordinated strategies are needed to evolve integrated network management in the best way. The beginning of the

Introduction xxi

nineties was characterized by big political, ecological and technical changes in all areas worldwide. The exponential growth of inter-networking in general and new multimedia applications based on broadband and mobile network technology will remain the driv­ing forces in the communications area. However, the element of uncertainty plays a dominant role in all environments. Down-sizing, while up-sizing in volume and time requires flexibility to change. A paradigm shift took place during these phases: network management systems used for crisis situations in the past evolved to powerful tools for the day-to-day management of systems, services, applications and, of course networks.

-1995: Rightsizing in the Nineties During this sometimes turbulent period of rightsiz­ing in all areas, the need for management systems is greater than ever before. Manage­ment is a fundamental part of a reliable information infrastructure. It assures the correct, efficient and mission-directed behavior of the hardware, software, procedures and peo­ple that use and provide all the information services. Effective management of the in­formation infrastructure is becoming as essential as marketing and selling products. In addition, it helps to raise customer satisfaction. In order to get the maximum benefit from management technologies, a number of challenges must be faced: management functions need to be considered an integral part of the total enterprise, and appropriately incorporated in newly re-engineered business processes; their value needs to be as­sessed in terms of cost avoidance and customer satisfaction; appropriate privacy and se­curity protection has to be provided; and , management software must be extensible, meet high performance requirements, and be highly reliable. Integrated network man­agement belongs to the enabling technologies of a worldwide information infrastruc­ture. The global trends towards interconnection and electronic access continue.

The goal remains affordable and instant access to any information, independent of the geographical location of clients and servers worldwide. Integrated network manage­ment solutions are intrinsic to achieving that goal. This brings us to 1997 and 'Inte­grated Management in a Virtual World.'

3. Integrated Management in a Virtual World

Our theme reflects the increasing interest in overall management applied across all types of networks, distributed computing systems and applications in an integrated fashion. It challenges us to consider comprehensive management solutions in a world increasingly filled with virtual corporations, virtual LANs, inter-enterprise networking, real and virtual service management, outsourcing and electronic commerce.

The evolution and increased deployment of computer communications and informa­tion systems has produced several major trends in management technologies. Manage­ability has become a recognized systems requirement. The explosion in the number and types of users, and the concomitant need to support users of all skill levels means that component systems must evolve to be as self-managing as possible. Standards, proto­cols, and techniques are being developed that allow information about computing re-

xxii Introduction

sources to be provided by the resources themselves. These capabilities form the basis for increased automation and remote management of systems components, easing the management burden on end users and system administrators alike.

In order to provide self-manageability, all elements of a resource (hardware, software, communications capabilities and information requirements) need to be more tightly in­tegrated. This Task Oriented Integration is most evident in the functionality being pro­vided in PC and workstation operating systems and middleware components.

Due to size, scope, and organizational boundaries, services will be provided by multi­ple independently controlled systems, so that the movement towards Distributed Con­trol will continue. In this context, Policy-directed management will become important as a way to define overall goals, constraints, and requirements, and allow the delegation of responsibility to local systems to execute them appropriately in their environments.

While many of these trends can be seen within enterprises themselves, there will be an increasing Inter-Enterprise Orientation. As electronic commerce expands, and utilizes common network interconnections, the need for reliable, secure, inter-enterprise pro­cesses with predictable performance characteristics must be met.

The future of network computing will be driven by the desire of people to connect to other people and enterprises around the world, leveraging powerful new technologies that can transcend distance and time, lowering boundaries between markets, cultures and individuals. The Internet is the most prominent representation of global network­ing, with predictions that by the year 2000 more than 200 million people will be active users. The technologies underlying this phenomenon are already being deployed in In­tranets within enterprises and Extranets between associated enterprises, for business and commercial uses. The implications for network and systems management are just beginning to be understood.

The sixteen paper sessions and six panel sessions that make up the IM '97 technical program thus cover a wide range oftopics. There are presentations on basic technology issues, the impact of standards, system architecture, services, the application of internet technology, and new management approaches.

We believe that the papers in this collection present a comprehensive view of the cur­rent state of management technology. They should form an excellent basis for anyone interested in understanding the important and dynamic fields of inquiry that they cover.

4. Future Events

As the management world continues evolving, this ongoing series of international symposia will continue to foster and promote cooperation among individuals of diverse

Introduction xxiii

and complementary backgrounds, and to encourage international information exchange on all aspects of network and distributed systems management.

To broaden the scope of these symposia, the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) Working Group (WG) 6.6 on Network Management for Communi­cation Networks, as the main organizer ofiM events, has been successfully collaborat­ing with the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Communications Society's (COMSOC) Committee on Network Operations and Management (CNOM). 1M and the Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS) are the premier technical conferences in the area of network and systems management, operations and control. 1M is held in odd-numbered years, and NOMS is held in even-numbered years. CNOM and IFIP WG 6.6 have been working together as a team to develop both these symposia.

NOMS '98 will take place in New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, February 14-18, 1998. The next International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM '99) will be held in the Spring of 1999, on the East Coast of North America.

Starting in 1990, IFIP WG 6.6 together with IEEE CNOM has also been organizing the International Workshops on Distributed Systems: Operations and Management (DSOM) which take place in October of every year and alternate in location interna­tionally. DSOM '97 will be held in Sydney, Australia, October 21-23, 1997 and will be jointly hosted by the University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), and the University of Western Sydney, Nepean (UWSN), Australia.

For more information on future IM, NOMS, and DSOM events, and other related ac­tivities please get in touch with us.

5. Acknowledgments

1M '97 is the result of a great coordinated effort of a number of volunteers and organi­zations. First of all, we would like to thank our main sponsors, IFIP Working Group 6.6 on Network Management and the IEEE Communications Society Committee on Net­work Operations and Management (CNOM) for their support. Our thanks also to GMD-FIRST, AT&T Bell Laboratories, IBM and the various other organizations that make it possible for our volunteers to dedicate their time.

Following the very huge success of ISINM '95, a small corps of dedicated individuals took it upon themselves to see that the tradition would continue with an even better event in 1997. We owe a debt of gratitude to Branislav Meandzija, Wolfgang Zimmer, and Doug Zuckerman who worked so hard in the beginning to form the vision for an 1M '97 that would most effectively meet the needs of the network management com­munity.

xxiv Introduction

A very special acknowledgment to Dan Stokesberry, who served as the General Chair of the IM'97 Organizing Committee throughout much of its existence. We were all sad­dened by his unexpected death last December. His contributions were many, and the success of IM'97 is a tribute to his leadership.

The organizing committee of 1M '97 has been the main force behind the symposium. We would like to thank (in alphabetical order): Joe Diamand, Varoozh Harikian, Joe Hellerstein, Jim Herman, Yvonr..e Hildebrand, Anne-Marie Lambert, Aurel Lazar, Branislav Meandzija, Roberto Saracco, Tom Stevenson, and Binay Sugla for their un­flagging effort throughout the long months of bringing it all together.

The program committee under the able leadership of Aurel Lazar and Roberto Saracco, and with the tireless assistance of Rolf Stadler, has once again defined the standard for conferences and proceedings in network management. Its creative work, represented in this book, clearly delineates the main problem areas of integrated network management and displays the most promising solutions available. Our deepest thanks go to Salah Ai­darous, Nikos G. Aneroussis, Jit Biswas, Walter Buga, Laura Cerchio, German Gold­szmidt, Sigmund Handelman, James Won-Ki Hong, Pramod Kalyanasundaram, Wolfgang Kleinoeder, Subrata Mazumdar, Shoichiro Nakai, Jong-Tae Park, George Pavlou, Pradeep Ray, Gabi Dreo Rodosek, Stelios Sartzetakis, Morris Sloman, Liba Svobodova, Yechiam Yemini and the members of the Organizing Committee who par­ticipated at the well attended Program Committee meeting in L' Aquila, all other mem­bers of the program committee, and all the additional reviewers who created the outstanding program.

Finally, we would like to thank Clark DesSoye for producing our main symposium bro­chures such as the advance and final programs, and the 1M Web pages; Steve Adler for his enthusiastic pursuit of vendor patrons; and, last but certainly not least, all vendor patrons for their key role in the vendor program and showcase.