388 Ahstrocts i Lung Cancer 15 (1996) 381-399

detecting patients of advanced diseases with bone metastases or patients who might develop the malignancy associated hypercalcemia.

Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in the staging of small cell lung cancer Bohuslavizki KH, Brenner W, Gunther M, Eberhardt J-U, Jahn N. Tinnemeyer S. Clmic of Nuclear Medicine, Christian-Albrechts- Universitat, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 9, D-241 05 Kiel. Nucl Med Commun 1996;17:191-6.

The aim of this study was to evaluate somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) in the staging of patients with small cell lung cancer. Prior to chemotherapy, 20 patients were investigated up to 24 h following an injection of 200 MBq “‘In-octreotide. Following chemotherapy and restaging, four patients were reevaluated. Primary tumour was detected in I8 of 23 studies, which exhibited increasing target-to-background ratios over time. Lymph node metastases and distant metastases were detected in 7 of 27 and 8 of 31 sites, respectively. Thus, the overall sensitivity for detecting metastases was less than 26%. SRS did not result in any upstaging of patients. We conclude that in patients with small cell lung cancer, functional imaging by SRS has no impact on clinical decision making.

Serum levels of cytokines in patients with untreated primary lung cancer Katsumata N. Eguchi K. Fukuda M. Yamamoto N. Ohe Y. Oshita E et al.Depariment Medicat Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-I Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104. Clin Cant Res 1996;2:553-9.

To evaluate the relationships between serum endogenous cytokine levels and their clinical implications in cancer patients, we measured the serum levels of endogenous granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), and interleukin 6 (IL- 6) in patients with untreated primary lung cancer. The serum G-CSF level was measured using a chemiluminescent ELISA, and the other cytokine levels were measured using ELISA. Fifty healthy adults and I83 patients with primary lung cancer were studied. The mean M-CSF level in the lung cancer patients (1106.4 units/ml) was significantly higher than that in the healthy adults (836 units/ml, P = 0.0001). In patients with large cell carcinoma, endogenous G-CSF, M-CSF, and IL-6 levels were significantly higher than those in patients with carcinomas of other cell types (P < 0.05). Univariate analysis showed that survival of 159 non-small cell lung cancer patients with high (more than cutoff level) G-CSF, M-CSF, and IL-6 levels was significantly poorer than that of patients with low levels (Wilcoxon’s test, P = 0.018, P < 0.0001, and P < 0.0001, respectively). Survival of patients with high levels of two or more cytokines was poorer than that ofthose with high levels of one cytokine or normal cytokine levels (P < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis using Cox’s proportional hazards model showed that high M-CSF and C-reactive protein levels correlated significantly with poor survival (P = 0.037 and 0.037, respectively). Our preliminary data suggest that high M-CSF levels in non-small cell lung cancer may

We stained resected specimens from I I7 patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma for insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) by the avidin- biotin-peroxidase (ABC) method and evaluated the usefulness of IGF- II as a prognostic factor. The patients were classified into the IGF-II (+) groups showing staining of 1% or more cancer cells (60 patients) and the IGF-II (-) groups showing staining of ~1% (57 patients). The 5- year survival rate was 22% in the IGF-II (+) group and 54% in the IGF- II (-) group 8 C 0.01). Gur results suggest the usefulness of IGF-II stainability as a prognostic factor of pulmonary adenocarcinoma.

Missed lung cancer at CT: Imaging findings in nine patients Gurney JW. Department ofRadiology. UniversiQ Hospital. 600 S42nd St, Omaha, NE 68198-1045. Radiology 1996;199: 117-22.

Purpose: To assess the imaging findings and course of lung cancers missed on computed tomographic (CT) scans. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of CT scans was performed in nine patients who underwent CT examination for various clinical indications and in whom a lung cancer had been missed. Subspecialty chest radiologists determined whether retrospectively identified lesions were missed due to observer error or technical failure. Results: Five missed tumors were peripheral and four were central in location. All peripheral tumors were less than 3 mm in diameter. The interval from initial examination to detection of peripheral tumors ranged from 8 to 95 months. This interval for central tumors was shorter (3- 14 months). Estimated doubling times ranged from 24 to 285 days. Conclusion: Small lung cancers that are near the threshold for detectability may be missed at CT. Such failure of detection is attributable primarily to the poor conspicuity of lesions. Retrospective identification at CT raises medicolegal issues.

Characterization of a small-cell-lung-carcinoma cell line from a patient with cancer-associated retinopathy Yamaji Y, Matsubara S, Yamadori I, Sato M, Fujita T, Fujita J. Firer Department Internal Medicine, Kagawa Medical School, I?SO-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-07. Int J Cancer l996;65:671-6.

We examined the biologic properties of a small-cell-lung- carcinoma (SCLC) cell line (designated MN-1112) established from a patient with SCLC who showed paraneoplastic retinopathy syndrome. Morphologic and immtmocytochemical analyses showed that MN-I 1 I2 cells possess features of the classic type of SCLC. MN-I I12 cells grew in suspension forming relatively Iarge clumps of cells with a doubling time of 72 hr. By light-microscope examination. the cells were relatively small and had scanty cytoplasm. The cells produced NSE, ACTH and CK (BB isozyme); they also expressed recoverin, a novel photoreceptor protein, detected by Northern-blot and Western-immunoblot analysis using human recoverin-specific DNA probe and anti-bovine-recoverin polyclonal antibody. This report shows that human recoverin is expressed in cultured SCLC cells. Our results support the hypothesis that. in cancer- associated retinopathy (CAR) patients, auto-immune antibody targeting for ectopic recoverin in SCLC is initially produced and cross-reacts with the retinal protein, resulting in the retinal degeneration that occurs in CAR patients,

be of poor prognostic value. Frequent TP53 gene alterations (mutation. allelic loss, nuclear -

Insulin-like growth factor-II as a prognostic factor in pulmo- nary adenocarcinoma Takanami I, lmamuma T, Hashizume T, Kikuchi K, Yamamoto Y, Yamamoto T et al. First Department of Surgery, Teikyo University of Medicine, 11-l. Kaga 2-Chome, Itabashi-Ku. Tokyo 173. J Surg Gncol 1996;61:205-8.

accumulation) in primary non-small cell lung cancer Shipman R, Schraml P, Colombi M, Raefle G, Dalquen P, Ludwig C. Molecular Oncology, Lab 405 (ZLF), Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Base1 Eur J Cancer Part A Gen Top 1996:32:335-41.

Mutations ofthe TP53 tumour suppressor gene have been reported for many human cancers. A variety of TP53 mutations have also been reported for both primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and