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Instructors: Frank Kreith Mike Hannigan
Friday, Wednesday, 9 – 10 amDLC 205 ECME 251a
[email protected] [email protected]
Teaching Assistant:Jeanie Mar
Wednesday, 4 – 5 pm (ECME 215a)ECME 217 (a.k.a., the cave)
Sustainable ≡
Energy ≡
Ability to do work
Meets the needs of the current users without compromising the ability of future users to meet their needs.
Sustainable Energy ≡
Meets the work needs of the current population without compromising the ability of generations to meet their work
Definitions
General Structure
Tuesday Thursday
Week 4, Electric Power
Reading quiz dueReading discussedExample problemHomework discussed
Homework discussed
Reading assigned(week 5)
Overview lectureHomework assigned
Tuesday Thursday
Week 3, Conservation
Reading quiz dueReading discussedExample problemHomework discussed
Homework discussed (week2)
Reading assigned
Overview lectureHomework assigned
Each week we will cover a new topic
Schedule
1. IntroductionKen Hammond
2. EconomicsFrank Kreith
3. ConservationMoncef Krarti
4. Electric powerMike Hannigan
5. Co-genFrank Kreith
6. NuclearJoel Selbin
7. AgricultureMike Hannigan
8. TransportationRon West
9. Biofuels/bioenergyJim McMillan
10. Wind powerSandy Butterfield
11. Solar, thermal domesticFrank Kreith
12. Solar, thermal powerRandy Gee
13. Solar, photovoltaicRoland Winston
14. Waste managementFrank Kreith
15. Hydrogen economyFrank Kreith
Grading
MCEN 4228Homework 65
%
Reading quiz 20 %
Carbon game 10 %
Professionalism 5 %
MCEN 5228Homework 50
%
Reading quiz 20 %
Carbon game 10 %
Professionalism 5 %
Mini-projects 15 %
1st Law of Thermodynamics:You can’t win.
2nd Law of Thermodynamics:You can’t break even.
Energy “Sources”Energy “Sources”
Solar•solar thermal•photovoltaic (PV)•wind•water•biomass
Nuclear Fossil Solar•coal•oil•natural gas (NG)
Energy CarriersEnergy Carriers
Electrical H2 NG LNG Fuels•oil•diesel•gasoline•EtOH
Coal
How do we extract work from these carriers?
Ken HammondProfessor of Pyschology
Shouldn’t facts dictate society’s behavior?
Today
Readinghomework
Thursdayin class
Videohomework
Next week
Supply of EnergySources
Demandfor Power
PopulationGrowth
Economics
EnvironmentalImpacts
Is our current Energy System sustainable?
Actual Behavior
Quadrillion = 1 x 1015
Barrel of oil = 42 gal = 5.8 x 106 BTU
4 x 107 barrels of volume
Yearly US energy consumption is the equivalent of
~2,500 Folsom Stadiums full of oil.
Energy Intensity
Carbon Trading Game
Goal: Make the most money
Players: Each of you is country
CH4 + 2O2 —› 2H2O + CO2
How do you make (or lose) money?
Buy or Sell ….Oil, Coal, Natural Gas, Uranium, Electricity,
Certified Energy Reductions (CERs)
Rules1. You must supply your citizens with enough energy
to meet their demands. If you don’t you will be fined (or overthrown).
2. You cannot sell a thing if you do not have it. In other words, if you don’t have coal reserves in your country, you can’t sell coal.
3. You must meet the carbon dioxide emissions reductions prescribed for your country. If you don’t you will be fined.
4. All transactions must be reasonable or the UN will not give their stamp of approval.
Generation of a CER
1. GNP – generation of carbon neutral power production
2. SNK – creation of new carbon sink.
3. EFF – improvement of efficiency of existing carbon-based power generation system
4. SEQ – tail-pipe controls
If you cannot meet your citizens’ power needs and the prescribed CO2 emissions reductions, then you will need to buy CERs from other countries.
You might find it cheaper to buy a CER than to reduce your CO2 emissions.
Timeline
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
1 5 8 11 13 15
Year
Week
Republic of Angola
Government: multi-party presidential regimeCurrent Leader: Jose Eduardo Dos Santos (1975) (Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola)Administrative divisions: 18 provincesIndependence: From Portugal in 1975Legal system: Based on Portuguese civil lawLand Use: Arable, 2.65% Permanent crops, 0.23%
Population Projections(in thousands)
0
1,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
4,000,000
5,000,000
6,000,000
7,000,000
8,000,000
9,000,000
10,000,000
1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060
World
Africa
Asia
Europe
Latin America
Angola (x10)
Energy Intensity decreases are correlated with
GDP per capita growth
