Institute of Advanced Studies 60 Years · Institute of Advanced Studies ... Prof CN Yang and Prof TD Lee received the Nobel Prize in Physics for their ... Chen Ning Yang’s contributions

Institute of Advanced Studies

CN Yang and Robert Mills

Conference on 60 Years of

Yang-Mills Gauge Field TheoriesCN Yang’s Contributions to Physics

25 to 28 May 2015Nanyang Technological University

Singapore

ContentsForeword

Organising Committee

Program

Abstracts Invited Talks

Contributed Talks

Poster Presentations

Useful Contacts

Directional Map to Nanyang Auditorium (Venue for Public Lecture)

IAS Forthcoming Events

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Foreword We would like to welcome all of you to this Conference on 60 Years of Yang-Mills Gauge Field Theories: CN Yang's Contributions to Physics! In 1957, Prof CN Yang and Prof TD Lee received the Nobel Prize in Physics for their discovery that parity is not conserved in the weak interactions. This was a monumental discovery that shaped much of the future of particle physics. However, when history is rewritten in future, we will see that Prof Yang's greatest achievement is really the discovery of the non-abelian gauge theories, the Yang-Mills Gauge Field Theories, in 1954.

The first formulation of Yang-Mills Theory occurred six decades ago. During the past six decades, Yang-Mills Theory has increasingly become the cornerstone of theoretical physics. It is seemingly the only fully consistent relativistically invariant quantum many-body theory in four spacetime dimensions. As such, it is the underlying theoretical framework for the Standard Model of Particle Physics, which has been shown to be the correct theory at the energies that we now can measure at the large accelerators. It has also been studied from many different perspectives. Apart from high energy physics, there have also been many new and unexpected features uncovered from this theory in recent decades. Yang-Mills Theory has been actively applied to other branches of physics such as statistical physics, condensed matter physics, non-linear systems etc. The widespread applications have made Yang-Mills Gauge Field Theories an indispensable topic to learn for everyone who is involved in physics. It also plays a significant role in modern mathematics, and it has been used successfully to prove new powerful theorems. Its importance in that field continues to grow to this day.

We welcome all interested faculty, researchers and students to actively participate in this exciting conference! Prof Kok-Khoo Phua (Co-Chair) Institute of Advanced Studies Nanyang Technological University

Prof Lars Brink (Co-Chair) Chalmers University of Technology

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Foreword We would like to welcome all of you to this Conference on 60 Years of Yang-Mills Gauge Field Theories: CN Yang's Contributions to Physics! In 1957, Prof CN Yang and Prof TD Lee received the Nobel Prize in Physics for their discovery that parity is not conserved in the weak interactions. This was a monumental discovery that shaped much of the future of particle physics. However, when history is rewritten in future, we will see that Prof Yang's greatest achievement is really the discovery of the non-abelian gauge theories, the Yang-Mills Gauge Field Theories, in 1954.

The first formulation of Yang-Mills Theory occurred six decades ago. During the past six decades, Yang-Mills Theory has increasingly become the cornerstone of theoretical physics. It is seemingly the only fully consistent relativistically invariant quantum many-body theory in four spacetime dimensions. As such, it is the underlying theoretical framework for the Standard Model of Particle Physics, which has been shown to be the correct theory at the energies that we now can measure at the large accelerators. It has also been studied from many different perspectives. Apart from high energy physics, there have also been many new and unexpected features uncovered from this theory in recent decades. Yang-Mills Theory has been actively applied to other branches of physics such as statistical physics, condensed matter physics, non-linear systems etc. The widespread applications have made Yang-Mills Gauge Field Theories an indispensable topic to learn for everyone who is involved in physics. It also plays a significant role in modern mathematics, and it has been used successfully to prove new powerful theorems. Its importance in that field continues to grow to this day.

We welcome all interested faculty, researchers and students to actively participate in this exciting conference! Prof Kok-Khoo Phua (Co-Chair) Institute of Advanced Studies Nanyang Technological University

Prof Lars Brink (Co-Chair) Chalmers University of Technology

- 4 -


Co-Chairs NAME INSTITUTION Lars BRINK Chalmers University of Technology Kok Khoo PHUA IAS, Nanyang Technological University

Advisory Board NAME INSTITUTION Sir Michael ATIYAH The University of Edinburgh; Fields Medalist 1966 David GROSS UC Santa Barbara; Nobel Laureate in Physics 2004 Ludwig FADDEEV Steklov Institute of Mathematics, RAS Peter GODDARD IAS, Princeton Roman JACKIW MIT

International Organising Committee NAME INSTITUTION Lay Nam CHANG Virginia Tech Ngee Pong CHANG City College of New York & NTU, Singapore Yongmin CHO Konkuk University Da Hsuan FENG University of Macau Kazuo FUJIKAWA RIKEN Molin GE Nankai University Hua Zhong LI Sun Yat-sen University Zhong Qi MA Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS Bruce MCKELLAR CoEPP & University of Melbourne Antti NIEMI Uppsala University George STERMAN Stony Brook University Edward WITTEN IAS, Princeton Tai Tsun WU Harvard University Kenneth YOUNG The Chinese University of Hong Kong Bang Fen ZHU IAS, Tsinghua University

Organising Committee Local Organising Committee

NAME INSTITUTION David ADAMS Nanyang Technological University Weizhu BAO National University of Singapore Belal BAAQUIE National University of Singapore Phil CHAN National University of Singapore Chi Tat CHONG National University of Singapore Leong Chuan KWEK IAS, Nanyang Technological University Choy Heng LAI National University of Singapore Hwee Boon LOW IAS, Nanyang Technological University Brett MCINNES National University of Singapore Ali NAMAZIE National University of Singapore Choo Hiap OH National University of Singapore Pinaki SENGUPTA Nanyang Technological University Haibin SU Nanyang Technological University Meng Chwan TAN National University of Singapore Seng Ghee TAN Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Edward TEO National University of Singapore Kien Boon TEO National University of Singapore Ye YEO National University of Singapore

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Co-Chairs NAME INSTITUTION Lars BRINK Chalmers University of Technology Kok Khoo PHUA IAS, Nanyang Technological University

Advisory Board NAME INSTITUTION Sir Michael ATIYAH The University of Edinburgh; Fields Medalist 1966 David GROSS UC Santa Barbara; Nobel Laureate in Physics 2004 Ludwig FADDEEV Steklov Institute of Mathematics, RAS Peter GODDARD IAS, Princeton Roman JACKIW MIT

International Organising Committee NAME INSTITUTION Lay Nam CHANG Virginia Tech Ngee Pong CHANG City College of New York & NTU, Singapore Yongmin CHO Konkuk University Da Hsuan FENG University of Macau Kazuo FUJIKAWA RIKEN Molin GE Nankai University Hua Zhong LI Sun Yat-sen University Zhong Qi MA Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS Bruce MCKELLAR CoEPP & University of Melbourne Antti NIEMI Uppsala University George STERMAN Stony Brook University Edward WITTEN IAS, Princeton Tai Tsun WU Harvard University Kenneth YOUNG The Chinese University of Hong Kong Bang Fen ZHU IAS, Tsinghua University

Organising Committee Local Organising Committee

NAME INSTITUTION David ADAMS Nanyang Technological University Weizhu BAO National University of Singapore Belal BAAQUIE National University of Singapore Phil CHAN National University of Singapore Chi Tat CHONG National University of Singapore Leong Chuan KWEK IAS, Nanyang Technological University Choy Heng LAI National University of Singapore Hwee Boon LOW IAS, Nanyang Technological University Brett MCINNES National University of Singapore Ali NAMAZIE National University of Singapore Choo Hiap OH National University of Singapore Pinaki SENGUPTA Nanyang Technological University Haibin SU Nanyang Technological University Meng Chwan TAN National University of Singapore Seng Ghee TAN Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Edward TEO National University of Singapore Kien Boon TEO National University of Singapore Ye YEO National University of Singapore

Day 1 – Monday, 25 May 2015

8.00 – 9.00 Registration

Opening Ceremony

9.00 – 9.15 Welcome:

Kok Khoo PHUA (IAS, NTU)

Lars BRINK (Chalmers University of Technology)

Opening:

Guest of Honour: Guaning SU (President Emeritus, NTU)

Session Chair: Lars BRINK (Chalmers University of Technology)

9.15 – 9.40 Chen Ning YANG (Tsinghua University)

Remembrance of Early Days of Particle Physics

9.40 – 10.25 David GROSS (UC Santa Barbara)

Quantum Chromodynamics - The Perfect Yang-Mills Gauge Field Theories

10.25 – 11.00 Group Photo & Coffee Break

Session Chair: Kok Khoo PHUA (IAS, NTU)

11.00 – 11.30 Tai Tsun WU (Harvard University)

Yang-Mills Gauge Theory and Higgs Boson

11.30 – 12.00 Anthony ZEE (UC Santa Barbara)

Some Thoughts about Yang-Mills Theory

12.00 – 12.30 Sau Lan WU (University of Wisconsin)

Discovery of the First Yang-Mills Gauge Particle - The Gluon

12.30 – 1.45 Lunch

Session Chair: Yifang WANG (Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS)

1.45 – 2.15 Lars BRINK (Chalmers University of Technology)

Maximally Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory

2.15 – 2.45 Burt OVRUT (University of Pennsylvania)

The Minimal Supersymmtric B-L Theory: From Unification to the LHC

2.45 – 3.15 Antti NIEMI (Uppsala University)

Folding Proteins at the Speed of Life

3.15 – 3.45 Henrik JOHANSSON (Uppsala University & CERN)

UV Properties of Supergravity and Yang-Mills Theory Squared

3.45 – 4.15 Coffee Break

4.30 Depart for the Public Lecture

Public Lecture: Personal Perspectives on Physics

Day 1 – Monday, 25 May 2015

Venue: Nanyang Auditorium, NTU

Chairman: Guaning SU (President Emeritus, NTU)

5.00 – 5.05 Welcome address by Guaning SU

5.05 – 5.20 Chen Ning YANG (Tsinghua University)

The Future of Physics -- Revisited

5.20 – 6.05 Michael FISHER (University of Maryland)

Pictures, Models, Approximations and Reality: Phase Transitions and Our Understanding of the Physical World

6.05 – 6.50 David GROSS (UC Santa Barbara)

Frontiers of Fundamental Physics

6.50 – 7.10 Questions and Answers

7.10 – 7.20 Presentation of Mementoes

Day 2 – Tuesday, 26 May 2015

Session Chair: Antti NIEMI (Uppsala University)

9.00 – 9.45 Ludwig FADDEEV (Steklov Institute of Mathematics, RAS)

Scenario for the Renormalization in the 4D Yang-Mills Theory

9.45 – 10.15 Hong Mo CHAN (Rutherford Appleton Laboratory)

The Framed Standard Model I - A Case for Framing the Yang-Mills Theory (SFSM1)

10.15 – 10.45 Sheung Tsun TSOU (Mathematical Institute, Oxford)

The Framed Standard Model II - A First Test against Experiment (SFSM2)


Session Chair: Ching Ray CHANG (National Taiwan University)

11.15 – 11.45 Alexander CHAO (SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford)

A New Storage-Ring Light Source

11.45 – 12.15 Bangfen ZHU (IAS, Tsinghua University)

Chen Ning Yang’s contributions to physics after he returned to where he had his beginning

12.15 – 12.45 Jie WEI (Michigan State University)

Particle Accelerator Developments: Selected Examples

12.45 – 1.45 Lunch

Session Chair: Burt OVRUT (University of Pennsylvania)

1.45 – 2.15 George STERMAN (Stony Brook University)

Yang-Mills Theory at High Energy Accelerators

2.15 – 2.45 Michael CREUTZ (Brookhaven)

The Lattice and Quantized Yang-Mills Theory

2.45 – 3.15 Henry TYE (IAS, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)

Sphaleron Physics in Yang-Mills Theory

3.15 – 3.45 Bruce MCKELLAR (CoEPP & University of Melbourne)

Quantum Phases in Maxwell and Yang-Mills Theories


Chairman: Ngee Pong CHANG (City College of New York and NTU, Singapore)

4.00 – 5.45 Roundtable Discussion: International Collaboration on Theoretical/Fundamental Physics

Panel speakers:

David GROSS (UC Santa Barbara)

Lars BRINK (Chalmers University of Technology)

Kok Khoo PHUA (IAS, NTU)

Ching Ray CHANG (National Taiwan University)

Auttakit CHATRABHUTI (Chulalongkorn University)

Henry TYE (IAS, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)

Yifang WANG (Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS)

Hishamuddin ZAINUDDIN (Universiti Putra Malaysia)

6.00 Depart for conference banquet

7.00 – 10.00 Conference banquet (by invitation only)

Conference Banquet - Returned transportation between NEC and Chui Huay Lim Club will be provided. Please assemble at the NEC Guest Wing Lobby (Level 1) at 6pm.

Day 3 – Wednesday, 27 May 2015

Session Chair: Kenneth YOUNG (The Chinese University of Hong Kong)

9.00 – 9.45 Paul CHU (University of Houston)

A Possible Paradigm-Shift in the Search for Higher Tc?

9.45 – 10.15 Kazuo FUJIKAWA (RIKEN)

Yang-Mills Theory and Fermionic Path Integrals

10.15 – 10.45 Tohru EGUCHI (Rikkyo University)

Quotient Singularities and the Gauge Symmetry


Session Chair: Kazuo FUJIKAWA (RIKEN)

11.15 – 11.45 Robert CREASE (Stony Brook University)

Yang-Mills for Historians and Philosophers

11.45 – 12.15 Zhong Qi MA (Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS)

New Contributions to Physics by Prof C. N. Yang: 2009 - 2011

12.15 – 12.45 Yu SHI (Fudan University)

Brief Overview of Prof C. N. Yang’s 13 Important Contributions to Physics

12.45 – 1.45 Lunch

Session Chair: George STERMAN (Stony Brook University)

1.45 – 2.15 Louis KAUFFMAN (University of Illinois at Chicago)

Clifford Algebra, Majorana Particles and the Dirac Equation

2.15 – 2.45 Ngee Pong CHANG (City College of New York & IAS, NTU)

Yang-Mills Gauge Theory and the Higgs Boson Family

2.45 – 3.15 George SAVVIDY (Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics, Demokritos)

Generalization of the Yang-Mills Theory

3.15 – 3.45 Ralf HOFMANN (Heidelberg University)

SU(2) Yang-Mills Thermodynamics


Session Chair: Bruce MCKELLAR (CoEPP & University of Melbourne)

4.15 – 4.45 Mario GRECO (INFN & Rome Tre University)

On the Study of the Higgs Properties in a Muon Collider

4.45 – 5.15 Sen HU (University of Science and Technology of China)

On Gauge Theories over Non-Commutative Spaces: An Non-Perturbative Approach

5.15 – 5.45 Weizhu BAO (National University of Singapore)

Modeling, Analysis and Simulation for Degenerate Dipolar Quantum Gas

5.45 – 6.00 Nigel David CUNDY (Seoul National University)

Confinement and the Gauge Invariant Abelian Decomposition

6.30 BBQ Dinner at Campus Clubhouse, NEC

Day 4 – Thursday, 28 May 2015

Session Chair: Da Hsuan FENG (University of Macau)

9.00 – 9.45 Michael FISHER (University of Maryland)

Statistical Physics in the Oeuvre of Chen Ning Yang

9.45 – 10.15 Yong Shi WU (University of Utah & Fudan University)

Gauging Quantum Groups: Yang-Baxter Joining Yang-Mills

10.15 – 10.45 Ren Bao LIU (The Chinese University of Hong Kong)

Observation of Lee-Yang Zeros


Session Chair: Louis KAUFFMAN (University of Illinois at Chicago)

11.15 – 11.45 Xiwen GUAN (Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, CAS)

Yang-Yang Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics: A Brilliant Method

11.45 – 12.15 Seng Ghee TAN (Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore)

Gauge Concepts in Theoretical Applied Physics

12.15 – 12.45 Edward YAO (University of Michigan)

The Scattering Equation

12.45 – 1.45 Lunch

Session Chair: Belal BAAQUIE (National University Singapore)

1.45– 2.15 Hui ZHAI (IAS, Tsinghua University)

Gauge Field, LHY Correction and ODLRO in Cold Atom Physics

2.15 – 2.30 Hwee Kuan LEE (Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, Singapore)

Time Travel and Transition Matrices

2.30 – 2.45 Masashi HAMANAKA (Nagoya University)

Yang-Mills Instantons in Noncommutative Spaces

2.45 – 3.00 Fangzhou ZHANG (University of Wisconsin)

Measurement of the Higgs Boson Coupling Strength in the ATLAS Experiment

3.00 – 3.15 Richard AMOROSO (Noetic Advanced Studies Institute)

Yang-Mills Kaluza-Klein Equivalence: An Empirical Path for Extending the Standard Model

3.15 – 3.30 Zhuo Bin SIU (National University of Singapore)

Spin Hall effect in the Luttinger Hamiltonian

3.30 – 3.45 Parthasarathi MAJUMDAR (Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda University)

Some Physical Aspects of Gauge Theories


Session Chair: Seng Ghee TAN (Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore)

4.15 – 4.30 Chi XIONG (IAS, Nanyang Technological University)

Decomposition of Yang-Mills Theory and Its Applications in QCD

4.30 – 4.45 David VERCAUTEREN (Duy Tan University)

The Polyakov Loop in the Gribov-Zwanziger Formalism

4.45 – 5.00 Kazunari SHIMA (Saitama Institute of Technology)

Nonlinear Supersymmetric General Relativity Theory and Unity of Nature II

5.00 – 5.15 Shannon SEAH (National University of Singapore)

Multiplicity Distributions and Lee-Yang Circle Analysis at LHC Energies

5.15 – 5.30 Cong Son HO (National University of Singapore)

Gate-Controlled Spinmotive Force: A Gauge Field Approach

End of Conference

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Abstracts | Invited Talks

Author(s) : Weizhu BAO

Affiliation(s) : National University of Singapore

Email : [email protected]

Title : Modeling, Analysis and Simulation for Degenerate Dipolar Quantum Gas

Abstract

In this talk, I will be presenting our recent work on mathematical models, asymptotic analysis and

numerical simulation for degenerate dipolar quantum gas. As preparatory steps, I begin with the three-

dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation with a long-range dipolar interaction potential which is used to

model the degenerate dipolar quantum gas and reformulate it as a Gross-Pitaevskii-Poisson type

system by decoupling the two-body dipolar interaction potential which is highly singular into short-range

(or local) and long-range interactions (or repulsive and attractive interactions). Based on this new

mathematical formulation, we prove rigorously existence and uniqueness as well as nonexistence of the

ground states, and discuss the existence of global weak solution and finite time blow-up of the dynamics

in different parameter regimes of dipolar quantum gas. In addition, a backward Euler sine

pseudospectral method is presented for computing the ground states and a time-splitting sine

pseudospectral method is proposed for computing the dynamics of dipolar BECs. Due to the adoption of

new mathematical formulation, our new numerical methods avoid evaluating integrals with high

singularity and thus they are more efficient and accurate than those numerical methods currently used

in literatures for solving the problem. In addition, new mathematical formulations in two-dimensions and

one dimension for dipolar quantum gas are obtained when the external trapping potential is highly

confined in one or two directions. Numerical results are presented to confirm our analytical results and

demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of our numerical methods. Some interesting physical

phenomena are discussed too.

Author(s) : Lars BRINK

Affiliation(s) : Chalmers University of Technology


Title : Maximally Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory

Abstract

In this talk, I will tell the history of N=4 Yang-Mills Theory, the maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills

Theory. I will then show the unique quantum properties of the theory and eventually its role in the

AdS/CFT duality.

- 15 -

Author(s) : Weizhu BAO



Title : Modeling, Analysis and Simulation for Degenerate Dipolar Quantum Gas

Abstract

In this talk, I will be presenting our recent work on mathematical models, asymptotic analysis and

numerical simulation for degenerate dipolar quantum gas. As preparatory steps, I begin with the three-

dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation with a long-range dipolar interaction potential which is used to

model the degenerate dipolar quantum gas and reformulate it as a Gross-Pitaevskii-Poisson type

system by decoupling the two-body dipolar interaction potential which is highly singular into short-range

(or local) and long-range interactions (or repulsive and attractive interactions). Based on this new

mathematical formulation, we prove rigorously existence and uniqueness as well as nonexistence of the

ground states, and discuss the existence of global weak solution and finite time blow-up of the dynamics

in different parameter regimes of dipolar quantum gas. In addition, a backward Euler sine

pseudospectral method is presented for computing the ground states and a time-splitting sine

pseudospectral method is proposed for computing the dynamics of dipolar BECs. Due to the adoption of

new mathematical formulation, our new numerical methods avoid evaluating integrals with high

singularity and thus they are more efficient and accurate than those numerical methods currently used

in literatures for solving the problem. In addition, new mathematical formulations in two-dimensions and

one dimension for dipolar quantum gas are obtained when the external trapping potential is highly

confined in one or two directions. Numerical results are presented to confirm our analytical results and

demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of our numerical methods. Some interesting physical

phenomena are discussed too.

Author(s) : Lars BRINK

Affiliation(s) : Chalmers University of Technology


Title : Maximally Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory

Abstract

In this talk, I will tell the history of N=4 Yang-Mills Theory, the maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills

Theory. I will then show the unique quantum properties of the theory and eventually its role in the

AdS/CFT duality.

- 16 -

Author(s) : Hong Mo CHAN and Sheung Tsun TSOU

Affiliation(s) : Rutherford Appleton Laboratory; Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford


Title : The Framed Standard Model I - A Case for Framing the Yang-Mills Theory (SFSM1)

Abstract

Introducing, in the underlying gauge theory of the Standard Model, the frame vectors in internal space

as field variables (framons), in addition to the usual gauge boson and matter fermions fields, one

obtains:

• the standard Higgs scalar as the framon in the electroweak sector;

• a global 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠�(3) symmetry dual to colour to play the role of fermion generations.

Renormalization via framon loops changes the orientation in generation space of the vacuum, hence

also of the mass matrices of leptons and quarks, thus making them rotate with changing scale μ. From

previous work, it is already known that a rotating mass matrix will lead automatically to:

• CKM mixing and neutrino oscillations,

• hierarchical masses for quarks and leptons,

• a solution to the strong-CP problem transforming the theta-angle into a Kobayashi-Maskawa phase.

Here in the FSM, the renormalization group equation has some special properties which explain the

main qualitative features seen in experiment for the mixing matrices of quark and leptons, as for their

mass spectra. Quantitative results will be given in SFSM2.

Author(s) : Ngee Pong CHANG

Affiliation(s) : City College of CUNY & IAS, Nanyang Technological University


Title : Yang-Mills Gauge Theory and the Higgs Boson Family

Abstract

The gauge symmetry principles of the Yang-Mills field of 1954 provide the solid rock foundation for the

Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. To give masses to the quarks and leptons, however, SM

calls on the solitary Higgs field using a set of mysterious complex Yukawa coupling matrices.

We enrich the SM by reducing the Yukawa coupling matrices to a single Yukawa coupling constant,

and endowing it with a family of Higgs fields that are degenerate in mass.

The recent experimental discovery of the Higgs resonance at 125.09 0.21 GeV does not preclude

this possibility. Instead, it presents an opportunity to explore the interference effects in background

events at the LHC.

We present a study based on the maximally symmetric Higgs potential in a leading hierarchy scenario.

Author(s) : Alexander CHAO

Affiliation(s) : SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University


Title : A New Storage-Ring Light Source

Abstract

A recently proposed technique in storage ring accelerators is applied to provide potential high-power

sources of photon radiation. The technique is based on the steady-state microbunching (SSMB)

mechanism [1]. As examples of this application, one may consider a high-power DUV photon source

for research in atomic and molecular physics or a high-power EUV radiation source for industrial

lithography. A less challenging proof-of-principle test to produce IR radiation using an existing storage

ring is also proposed.

Reference

[1] Daniel F. Ratner and Alexander W. Chao, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 154801 (2010).

- 17 -

Author(s) : Hong Mo CHAN and Sheung Tsun TSOU



Title : The Framed Standard Model I - A Case for Framing the Yang-Mills Theory (SFSM1)

Abstract

Introducing, in the underlying gauge theory of the Standard Model, the frame vectors in internal space

as field variables (framons), in addition to the usual gauge boson and matter fermions fields, one

obtains:

• the standard Higgs scalar as the framon in the electroweak sector;

• a global 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠�(3) symmetry dual to colour to play the role of fermion generations.

Renormalization via framon loops changes the orientation in generation space of the vacuum, hence

also of the mass matrices of leptons and quarks, thus making them rotate with changing scale μ. From

previous work, it is already known that a rotating mass matrix will lead automatically to:

• CKM mixing and neutrino oscillations,

• hierarchical masses for quarks and leptons,

• a solution to the strong-CP problem transforming the theta-angle into a Kobayashi-Maskawa phase.

Here in the FSM, the renormalization group equation has some special properties which explain the

main qualitative features seen in experiment for the mixing matrices of quark and leptons, as for their

mass spectra. Quantitative results will be given in SFSM2.

Author(s) : Ngee Pong CHANG

Affiliation(s) : City College of CUNY & IAS, Nanyang Technological University


Title : Yang-Mills Gauge Theory and the Higgs Boson Family

Abstract

The gauge symmetry principles of the Yang-Mills field of 1954 provide the solid rock foundation for the

Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. To give masses to the quarks and leptons, however, SM

calls on the solitary Higgs field using a set of mysterious complex Yukawa coupling matrices.

We enrich the SM by reducing the Yukawa coupling matrices to a single Yukawa coupling constant,

and endowing it with a family of Higgs fields that are degenerate in mass.

The recent experimental discovery of the Higgs resonance at 125.09 0.21 GeV does not preclude

this possibility. Instead, it presents an opportunity to explore the interference effects in background

events at the LHC.

We present a study based on the maximally symmetric Higgs potential in a leading hierarchy scenario.

Author(s) : Alexander CHAO

Affiliation(s) : SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University


Title : A New Storage-Ring Light Source

Abstract

A recently proposed technique in storage ring accelerators is applied to provide potential high-power

sources of photon radiation. The technique is based on the steady-state microbunching (SSMB)

mechanism [1]. As examples of this application, one may consider a high-power DUV photon source

for research in atomic and molecular physics or a high-power EUV radiation source for industrial

lithography. A less challenging proof-of-principle test to produce IR radiation using an existing storage

ring is also proposed.

Reference

[1] Daniel F. Ratner and Alexander W. Chao, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 154801 (2010).

- 18 -

Author(s) : Yongmin CHO

Affiliation(s) : Konkuk University


Title : Monopole Condensation in QCD

Abstract

We demonstrate the monopole condensation in QCD. Using the Abelian decomposition we integrate

the valence gluons in the presence of the monopole background in SU(2) QCD, and show that the

effective potential acquires a non-trivial vacuum made of monopole condensation gauge

independently. We show how to generalize this to SU(3) QCD. We discuss the physical implications,

in particular the dimensional transmutation and the color confinement, of the monopole condensation.

Author(s) : Paul C. W. CHU, B. LV, L. Z. DENG, M. GOOCH and B. LORENZ

Affiliation(s) : University of Houston; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Taiwan

Comprehensive University System


Title : A Possible Paradigm-Shift in the Search for Higher Tc?

Abstract

In the last 29 years, great progress has been made in all areas of high temperature superconductivity

(HTS) research from raising the transition temperature TC, discovering new HTS compounds,

developing theoretical models of HTS, and fabricating HTS prototype devices. For example, the TC has

been increased to 164 K in cuprates under 30 GPa in 1993 and to the yet-to-be-confirmed 190 K in

H2S under 190 GPa in 2014; more than 200 HTS compounds have been found; numerous theoretical

models have been developed; and many HTS prototype devices have been tested to display superior

performance to that of their non-superconducting counterparts. Several glaring questions remain: 1)

Why do all TCs above 77 K occur in cuprates until very recently? 2) Why is there such a long

stagnation in TC in cuprate HTS since 1993? 3) Is the strong electron correlation characteristic of

cuprates necessary and sufficient for high TC as suggested by many models? 4) What is the prospect

of interface-enhanced TC? 5) Will there be a paradigm-shift need for our understanding of high

temperature superconductivity and for the search for higher TC, especially if 190 K TC is confirmed? A

brief review of HTS and our recent results will be presented leading to the above listed questions.

Author(s) : Robert P. CREASE

Affiliation(s) : Stony Brook University


Title : Yang-Mills for Historians and Philosophers

Abstract

The phrase “Yang-Mills” can be used 1) to refer to the specific theory proposed by Yang and Mills in

1954; or 2) as shorthand for any non-Abelian gauge theory. The 1954 version, physically speaking,

had a famous show-stopping defect in the form of what might be called the “Pauli snag,” or the

requirement that, in the Lagrangian for non-Abelian gauge theory the mass term for the gauge field

has to be zero. How, then, was it possible for 1) to turn into 2)? What unfolding sequence of events

made this transition possible, and what does this evolution say about the nature of theories in physics?

This talk uses the transition between 1) and 2) to illustrate how scientists, historians, and philosophers

might look at a key turning point in science with different interests.

Author(s) : Michael CREUTZ

Affiliation(s) : Brookhaven National Laboratory


Title : The Lattice and Quantized Yang-Mills Theory

Abstract

Quantized Yang-Mills fields lie at the heart of our understanding of the strong nuclear force. To

understand the theory at low energies, we must work in the strong coupling regime. The primary

technique for this is the lattice. While basically an ultraviolet regulator, the lattice avoids the use of a

perturbative expansion. I discuss the historical circumstances that drove us to this approach which has

had immense success, convincingly demonstrating quark confinement and obtaining crucial properties

of the strong interactions from first principles.

- 19 -

Author(s) : Yongmin CHO

Affiliation(s) : Konkuk University


Title : Monopole Condensation in QCD

Abstract

We demonstrate the monopole condensation in QCD. Using the Abelian decomposition we integrate

the valence gluons in the presence of the monopole background in SU(2) QCD, and show that the

effective potential acquires a non-trivial vacuum made of monopole condensation gauge

independently. We show how to generalize this to SU(3) QCD. We discuss the physical implications,

in particular the dimensional transmutation and the color confinement, of the monopole condensation.

Author(s) : Paul C. W. CHU, B. LV, L. Z. DENG, M. GOOCH and B. LORENZ

Affiliation(s) : University of Houston; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Taiwan

Comprehensive University System


Title : A Possible Paradigm-Shift in the Search for Higher Tc?

Abstract

In the last 29 years, great progress has been made in all areas of high temperature superconductivity

(HTS) research from raising the transition temperature TC, discovering new HTS compounds,

developing theoretical models of HTS, and fabricating HTS prototype devices. For example, the TC has

been increased to 164 K in cuprates under 30 GPa in 1993 and to the yet-to-be-confirmed 190 K in

H2S under 190 GPa in 2014; more than 200 HTS compounds have been found; numerous theoretical

models have been developed; and many HTS prototype devices have been tested to display superior

performance to that of their non-superconducting counterparts. Several glaring questions remain: 1)

Why do all TCs above 77 K occur in cuprates until very recently? 2) Why is there such a long

stagnation in TC in cuprate HTS since 1993? 3) Is the strong electron correlation characteristic of

cuprates necessary and sufficient for high TC as suggested by many models? 4) What is the prospect

of interface-enhanced TC? 5) Will there be a paradigm-shift need for our understanding of high

temperature superconductivity and for the search for higher TC, especially if 190 K TC is confirmed? A

brief review of HTS and our recent results will be presented leading to the above listed questions.

Author(s) : Robert P. CREASE



Title : Yang-Mills for Historians and Philosophers

Abstract

The phrase “Yang-Mills” can be used 1) to refer to the specific theory proposed by Yang and Mills in

1954; or 2) as shorthand for any non-Abelian gauge theory. The 1954 version, physically speaking,

had a famous show-stopping defect in the form of what might be called the “Pauli snag,” or the

requirement that, in the Lagrangian for non-Abelian gauge theory the mass term for the gauge field

has to be zero. How, then, was it possible for 1) to turn into 2)? What unfolding sequence of events

made this transition possible, and what does this evolution say about the nature of theories in physics?

This talk uses the transition between 1) and 2) to illustrate how scientists, historians, and philosophers

might look at a key turning point in science with different interests.

Author(s) : Michael CREUTZ

Affiliation(s) : Brookhaven National Laboratory


Title : The Lattice and Quantized Yang-Mills Theory

Abstract

Quantized Yang-Mills fields lie at the heart of our understanding of the strong nuclear force. To

understand the theory at low energies, we must work in the strong coupling regime. The primary

technique for this is the lattice. While basically an ultraviolet regulator, the lattice avoids the use of a

perturbative expansion. I discuss the historical circumstances that drove us to this approach which has

had immense success, convincingly demonstrating quark confinement and obtaining crucial properties

of the strong interactions from first principles.

- 20 -

Author(s) : Tohru EGUCHI

Affiliation(s) : Rikkyo University


Title : Quotient Singularities and the Gauge Symmetry

Abstract

It is known when we divide the flat 4-dimensional space C2 by a discrete subgroup Γ of SU(2),

quotient space C2 /Γ has a singularity at the origin. One can resolve the singularity by replacing the

origin by a chain of 2-dimensional spheres. In the simple case of Γ= Zn, we obtain a chain of n-1

spheres with neighbouring spheres touching at a point.

In string theory, there are D-branes which wrap around holomorphic cycles. When a D2 brane wraps

around a 2-sphere, one obtains a gauge field. In the case of Γ= Zn gauge fields are arranged in

exactly the way to generate SU(n) gauge symmetry.

Relation between discrete groups of SU(2) and A-D-E type Lie groups has been known as McKay

correspondence. In string theory McKay, correspondence is enhanced to a mechanism generating

Yang-Mills gauge symmetry from quotient singularities in 4 space-time dimensions.

Author(s) : Ludwig FADDEEV

Affiliation(s) : Steklov Institute of Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences


Title : Scenario for the Renormalization in the 4D Yang-Mills Theory

Abstract

I comment on the renormalization procedure in the Yang-Mills theory in 4D using a variant of the

background field method.

Author(s) : Michael E. FISHER

Affiliation(s) : Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland


Title : Statistical Physics in the Oeuvre of Chen Ning Yang

Abstract

From his early years, C.N. Yang has contributed notably to statistical mechanics and its applications.

Some aspects of his basic studies will be highlighted.

Author(s) : Kazuo FUJIKAWA

Affiliation(s) : RIKEN


Title : Yang-Mills Theory and Fermionic Path Integrals

Abstract

Yang-Mills theory stimulated the use of path integrals in field theory not only for bosonic fields but also

for fermionic fields. I will briefly review fermionic path integrals which are based on the use of the

elements of Grassmann algebra. The topics covered includes the general treatment of chiral and Weyl

(conformal) anomalies and their applications in various space-time dimensions. If time permits, I will

also discuss the path integral for non-local theories, which is related to Yang-Feldman formalism, and

its application to the treatment of a possible non-local neutrino mass term in the Standard Model which

breaks CPT symmetry and induces neutrino-antineutrino mass splitting.

- 21 -

Author(s) : Tohru EGUCHI

Affiliation(s) : Rikkyo University


Title : Quotient Singularities and the Gauge Symmetry

Abstract

It is known when we divide the flat 4-dimensional space C2 by a discrete subgroup Γ of SU(2),

quotient space C2 /Γ has a singularity at the origin. One can resolve the singularity by replacing the

origin by a chain of 2-dimensional spheres. In the simple case of Γ= Zn, we obtain a chain of n-1

spheres with neighbouring spheres touching at a point.

In string theory, there are D-branes which wrap around holomorphic cycles. When a D2 brane wraps

around a 2-sphere, one obtains a gauge field. In the case of Γ= Zn gauge fields are arranged in

exactly the way to generate SU(n) gauge symmetry.

Relation between discrete groups of SU(2) and A-D-E type Lie groups has been known as McKay

correspondence. In string theory McKay, correspondence is enhanced to a mechanism generating

Yang-Mills gauge symmetry from quotient singularities in 4 space-time dimensions.

Author(s) : Ludwig FADDEEV

Affiliation(s) : Steklov Institute of Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences


Title : Scenario for the Renormalization in the 4D Yang-Mills Theory

Abstract

I comment on the renormalization procedure in the Yang-Mills theory in 4D using a variant of the

background field method.

Author(s) : Michael E. FISHER

Affiliation(s) : Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland


Title : Statistical Physics in the Oeuvre of Chen Ning Yang

Abstract

From his early years, C.N. Yang has contributed notably to statistical mechanics and its applications.

Some aspects of his basic studies will be highlighted.

Author(s) : Kazuo FUJIKAWA

Affiliation(s) : RIKEN


Title : Yang-Mills Theory and Fermionic Path Integrals

Abstract

Yang-Mills theory stimulated the use of path integrals in field theory not only for bosonic fields but also

for fermionic fields. I will briefly review fermionic path integrals which are based on the use of the

elements of Grassmann algebra. The topics covered includes the general treatment of chiral and Weyl

(conformal) anomalies and their applications in various space-time dimensions. If time permits, I will

also discuss the path integral for non-local theories, which is related to Yang-Feldman formalism, and

its application to the treatment of a possible non-local neutrino mass term in the Standard Model which

breaks CPT symmetry and induces neutrino-antineutrino mass splitting.

- 22 -

Author(s) : David GROSS

Affiliation(s) : University Of California, Santa Barbara


Title : Quantum Chromodynamics - The Perfect Yang-Mills Gauge Field Theories

Abstract

To be announced.

Author(s) : Xiwen GUAN

Affiliation(s) : Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences


Title : Yang-Yang Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics: A Brilliant Method

Abstract

On the occasion of the 24th Statistical Physics Conference held in Australia in 2010, I was very

honoured that Professor C. N. Yang explained to me twice, the essence of one of his most important

papers about a rigorous approach to the thermodynamics of the one-dimensional system of bosons

with delta-function interactions, published with his brother Professor C. P. Yang in 1969. This paper

was a breakthrough in exact statistical mechanics, after Professor C. N. Yang published his seminal

paper on the discovery of the Yang-Baxter equation in 1967. These brilliant discoveries yield

significant applications in a wide range of fields of physics and mathematics, including recent elegant

applications in ultracold atomic systems and in super-Yang-Mills theories, among others.

In this talk, I will briefly discuss the essence of the Yang-Yang equilibrium statistical mechanics and

review its recent applications in ultracold atomic systems related to integrable models of interacting

fermions, bosons and spins. I will demonstrate how the exact results of these models provide precise

understanding of universal thermodynamics, correlations and critical behaviour of many-body systems.

These studies will further place integrable systems in the lab for a wide range of physical phenomena.

References

[1] C. N. Yang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 19, 1312 (1967).

[2] C. N. Yang and C. P. Yang, J. Math. Phys. 10, 1115 (1969).

Author(s) : Sen HU

Affiliation(s) : University of Science and Technology of China


Title : On Gauge Theories over Non-Commutative Spaces: An Non-Perturbative

Approach

Abstract

We will construct a class of matrix models over some lattices. Such theories obey A-infinity

symmetries. By considering large N limit, it gives interesting theory over a continuum. We will also

construct observables which give emergent geometric objects.

Author(s) : Henrik JOHANSSON

Affiliation(s) : Uppsala University & CERN


Title : UV Properties of Supergravity and Yang-Mills Theory Squared

Abstract

Recent perturbative calculations in supergravity theories have revealed surprisingly tame ultraviolet

qualities. In particular, through four loops N=8 supergravity has been shown to exhibit the same

power-counting behavior as N=4 super-Yang-Mills, a UV-finite theory. These high-loop calculations

were made possible from the observation that (super-)gravity can be identified with the square of

(super-)Yang-Mills theory, order by order in perturbation theory. The squaring relation is believed to

originate from a hidden kinematic Lie algebra in Yang-Mills theory, dual to the color Lie algebra.

- 23 -

Author(s) : David GROSS

Affiliation(s) : University Of California, Santa Barbara


Title : Quantum Chromodynamics - The Perfect Yang-Mills Gauge Field Theories

Abstract

To be announced.

Author(s) : Xiwen GUAN

Affiliation(s) : Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences


Title : Yang-Yang Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics: A Brilliant Method

Abstract

On the occasion of the 24th Statistical Physics Conference held in Australia in 2010, I was very

honoured that Professor C. N. Yang explained to me twice, the essence of one of his most important

papers about a rigorous approach to the thermodynamics of the one-dimensional system of bosons

with delta-function interactions, published with his brother Professor C. P. Yang in 1969. This paper

was a breakthrough in exact statistical mechanics, after Professor C. N. Yang published his seminal

paper on the discovery of the Yang-Baxter equation in 1967. These brilliant discoveries yield

significant applications in a wide range of fields of physics and mathematics, including recent elegant

applications in ultracold atomic systems and in super-Yang-Mills theories, among others.

In this talk, I will briefly discuss the essence of the Yang-Yang equilibrium statistical mechanics and

review its recent applications in ultracold atomic systems related to integrable models of interacting

fermions, bosons and spins. I will demonstrate how the exact results of these models provide precise

understanding of universal thermodynamics, correlations and critical behaviour of many-body systems.

These studies will further place integrable systems in the lab for a wide range of physical phenomena.

References

[1] C. N. Yang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 19, 1312 (1967).

[2] C. N. Yang and C. P. Yang, J. Math. Phys. 10, 1115 (1969).

Author(s) : Sen HU

Affiliation(s) : University of Science and Technology of China


Title : On Gauge Theories over Non-Commutative Spaces: An Non-Perturbative

Approach

Abstract

We will construct a class of matrix models over some lattices. Such theories obey A-infinity

symmetries. By considering large N limit, it gives interesting theory over a continuum. We will also

construct observables which give emergent geometric objects.

Author(s) : Henrik JOHANSSON

Affiliation(s) : Uppsala University & CERN


Title : UV Properties of Supergravity and Yang-Mills Theory Squared

Abstract

Recent perturbative calculations in supergravity theories have revealed surprisingly tame ultraviolet

qualities. In particular, through four loops N=8 supergravity has been shown to exhibit the same

power-counting behavior as N=4 super-Yang-Mills, a UV-finite theory. These high-loop calculations

were made possible from the observation that (super-)gravity can be identified with the square of

(super-)Yang-Mills theory, order by order in perturbation theory. The squaring relation is believed to

originate from a hidden kinematic Lie algebra in Yang-Mills theory, dual to the color Lie algebra.

- 24 -

Author(s) : Louis H. KAUFFMAN

Affiliation(s) : University of Illinois at Chicago


Title : Clifford Algebra, Majorana Particles and the Dirac Equation

Abstract

We use the Temperley-Lieb recoupling theory to create a complete and concise model of the

Fibonacci anyons approach to topological computing. This approach embodies the properties of the

Jones polynomial at its base and will become important in the future when aspects of fractional

quantum Hall effect are physically measurable. As mathematical entities, Fibonacci anyons are

Majorana particles. They are their own anti-particles. A single such anyon can interact with itself to

annihilate itself (or it can interact to produce itself). In the Fibonacci model such anyons have

topological braiding properties whereby a non-trivial phase factor occurs in the wave function when

two such particles exchange position. It is this braiding that is related to the structure of the Jones

polynomial. There are other mathematical sources of Majorana particles. One can construct, at the

mathematical level, a Clifford algebra so that for any two generators a and b, a2 =b2 =1and ab+ba =0.

One then finds that there are fundamental representations of the braid group associated with such

Clifford algebras, and that the braiding is strong enough to support partial topological computation.

Furthermore, Clifford operators of this sort can be regarded as Majorana operators that can combine

to form the quantum field theoretic operator algebra for a standard Fermion, such as an electron. (via

F = (𝑎𝑎 + 𝑖𝑖 𝑏𝑏)/√2 and F* = (𝑎𝑎 − 𝑖𝑖 𝑏𝑏)/√2 . This has led to the speculation that Fermions such as

electrons may exhibit, under very special circumstances, the properties of Majorana particles.

Experiments involving electrons at low temperatures in nanowires have suggested that this may

actually happen. Thus it is possible that Clifford algebra representations of the braid group may

someday lie at the heart of topological quantum computing. In this talk we will discuss the braid group

representations associated with the Fibonacci particles and with the Majorana particles via the Clifford

algebra discussed above. We will also discuss the structure of the Dirac equation in relation to this

algebra, showing how the Fermion algebra arises naturally in relation to solutions to the Dirac

equation. Much of this material is fundamentally related to Chern-Simons gauge theory and hence to

the themes of the conference.

Author(s) : Ren Bao LIU

Affiliation(s) : The Chinese University of Hong Kong


Title : Observation of Lee-Yang Zeros

Abstract

In two foundational papers published in 1952, Lee and Yang established rigorously the connection

between the analytic properties of thermodynamic functions and phase transitions. In particular, they

proved that the zero points of the partition functions of lattice gases (called Lee-Yang zeros) are all

located along the unit circle in the complex plane of fugacity (Lee-Yang theorem), or equivalently,

along the imaginary axis of magnetic field for ferromagnetic Ising models. The Lee-Yang zeros,

however, have never been observed in experiments since the complex parameters are generally

regarded as unphysical. Recently, we discovered that the quantum coherence of a probe spin coupled

to a bath is equivalent to the partition function of the bath, with the evolution time corresponding to an

imaginary physical parameter. This makes it possible to experimentally study Lee-Yang zeros in

particular and thermodynamics for complex parameters in general. Based on this idea, Lee-Yang

zeros have been experimentally observed for the first time. We further find that the Yang-Lee edges,

i.e. the starting and ending points of the Lee-Yang zeros, lead to a new type of phase transitions,

namely, time-domain phase transitions, which manifest themselves in the probe coherence as sudden

changes when the bath approaches to the thermodynamic limit. Starting from that, we developed a

systematic theory on phase transitions in the complex plane of physical parameters, which can be

measured as abrupt changes of the probe coherence evolutions even at temperatures higher than the

critical points for conventional phase transitions. We expect a wealth of new, experimentally verifiable

physics to be explored in the complex plane of physical parameters.

This work was supported by Hong Kong RGC. I acknowledge collaborations with B. B. Wei, X. H.

Peng, S. W. Chen, H. C. Po, H. Zhou, J. Cui, and J. Du.

- 25 -

Author(s) : Louis H. KAUFFMAN

Affiliation(s) : University of Illinois at Chicago


Title : Clifford Algebra, Majorana Particles and the Dirac Equation

Abstract

We use the Temperley-Lieb recoupling theory to create a complete and concise model of the

Fibonacci anyons approach to topological computing. This approach embodies the properties of the

Jones polynomial at its base and will become important in the future when aspects of fractional

quantum Hall effect are physically measurable. As mathematical entities, Fibonacci anyons are

Majorana particles. They are their own anti-particles. A single such anyon can interact with itself to

annihilate itself (or it can interact to produce itself). In the Fibonacci model such anyons have

topological braiding properties whereby a non-trivial phase factor occurs in the wave function when

two such particles exchange position. It is this braiding that is related to the structure of the Jones

polynomial. There are other mathematical sources of Majorana particles. One can construct, at the

mathematical level, a Clifford algebra so that for any two generators a and b, a2 =b2 =1and ab+ba =0.

One then finds that there are fundamental representations of the braid group associated with such

Clifford algebras, and that the braiding is strong enough to support partial topological computation.

Furthermore, Clifford operators of this sort can be regarded as Majorana operators that can combine

to form the quantum field theoretic operator algebra for a standard Fermion, such as an electron. (via

F = (𝑎𝑎 + 𝑖𝑖 𝑏𝑏)/√2 and F* = (𝑎𝑎 − 𝑖𝑖 𝑏𝑏)/√2 . This has led to the speculation that Fermions such as

electrons may exhibit, under very special circumstances, the properties of Majorana particles.

Experiments involving electrons at low temperatures in nanowires have suggested that this may

actually happen. Thus it is possible that Clifford algebra representations of the braid group may

someday lie at the heart of topological quantum computing. In this talk we will discuss the braid group

representations associated with the Fibonacci particles and with the Majorana particles via the Clifford

algebra discussed above. We will also discuss the structure of the Dirac equation in relation to this

algebra, showing how the Fermion algebra arises naturally in relation to solutions to the Dirac

equation. Much of this material is fundamentally related to Chern-Simons gauge theory and hence to

the themes of the conference.

Author(s) : Ren Bao LIU



Title : Observation of Lee-Yang Zeros

Abstract

In two foundational papers published in 1952, Lee and Yang established rigorously the connection

between the analytic properties of thermodynamic functions and phase transitions. In particular, they

proved that the zero points of the partition functions of lattice gases (called Lee-Yang zeros) are all

located along the unit circle in the complex plane of fugacity (Lee-Yang theorem), or equivalently,

along the imaginary axis of magnetic field for ferromagnetic Ising models. The Lee-Yang zeros,

however, have never been observed in experiments since the complex parameters are generally

regarded as unphysical. Recently, we discovered that the quantum coherence of a probe spin coupled

to a bath is equivalent to the partition function of the bath, with the evolution time corresponding to an

imaginary physical parameter. This makes it possible to experimentally study Lee-Yang zeros in

particular and thermodynamics for complex parameters in general. Based on this idea, Lee-Yang

zeros have been experimentally observed for the first time. We further find that the Yang-Lee edges,

i.e. the starting and ending points of the Lee-Yang zeros, lead to a new type of phase transitions,

namely, time-domain phase transitions, which manifest themselves in the probe coherence as sudden

changes when the bath approaches to the thermodynamic limit. Starting from that, we developed a

systematic theory on phase transitions in the complex plane of physical parameters, which can be

measured as abrupt changes of the probe coherence evolutions even at temperatures higher than the

critical points for conventional phase transitions. We expect a wealth of new, experimentally verifiable

physics to be explored in the complex plane of physical parameters.

This work was supported by Hong Kong RGC. I acknowledge collaborations with B. B. Wei, X. H.

Peng, S. W. Chen, H. C. Po, H. Zhou, J. Cui, and J. Du.

- 26 -

Author(s) : Zhong Qi MA

Affiliation(s) : Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences


Title : New Contributions to Physics by Prof. C. N. Yang: 2009 - 2011

Abstract

In a seminal paper of 1967, Professor Chen Ning Yang found the full solution of the one-dimensional

Fermi gas with a repulsive delta function interaction by using the Bethe ansatz and group theory. This

work with a brilliant discovery of the Yang-Baxter equation has been inspiring new developments in

mathematical physics, statistical physics, and many-body physics. Based on experimental

developments in simulating many-body physics of one-dimensional systems of ultracold atoms, during

a period from 2009 to 2011, Prof Yang published seven papers on the exact properties of the ground

state of bosonic and fermionic atoms with the repulsive delta function interaction and a confined

potential to one-dimension. In this talk I would like to share my experience in doing research work

fortunately under the direct supervision of Prof Yang in that period.

Author(s) : Bruce H J MCKELLAR

Affiliation(s) : CoEPP & University of Melbourne


Title : Quantum Phases in Maxwell and Yang-Mills Theories

Abstract

I will review Aharonov Bohm and related quantum phases in Maxwell and Yang Mills theories,

emphasising the situations under which topological phases exist.

Author(s) : Antti NIEMI

Affiliation(s) : Uppsala University


Title : Folding Proteins at the Speed of Life

Abstract

Despite impressive progress in the development of all-atom force fields and special purpose

computers, it would still take around 1000 years or more to fold a relatively simple protein such as

myoglobin from a random chain to the native state, at all atom level. To resolve the protein folding

problem, a new paradigm is needed. Accordingly, we propose to use techniques of modern theoretical

physics including gauge invariance in combination of geometry and the concept of integrability, to

derive an essentially unique energy function that governs proteins and their dynamics in the limit of

slow spatial variations. We observe that this energy function supports topological solitons as classical

solutions, and we argue that the solitons can be identified as the modular building blocks from which

all folded proteins are composed. We show how crystallographic protein structures are modelled in

terms of these building blocks, with experimental precision; in the case of myoglobin we are able to

reach the native state within a couple of seconds, using an ordinary laptop computer.

Author(s) : Burt OVRUT

Affiliation(s) : University of Pennsylvania


Title : The Minimal Supersymmtric B-L Theory: From Unification to the LHC

Abstract

This talk will introduce a random statistical scan over the high-energy initial parameter space of the

minimal SUSY B-L model - denoted as the B-L MSSM. Each initial set of points is renormalization

group evolved to the electroweak scale - being subjected, sequentially, to the requirement of radiative

B-L and electroweak symmetry breaking, the present experimental lower bounds on the B-L vector

boson and sparticle masses, as well as the lightest neutral Higgs mass of ~125 GeV. The subspace of

initial parameters that satisfies all such constraints is presented, shown to be robust and to contain a

wide range of different configurations of soft supersymmetry breaking masses. The low-energy

predictions of each such “valid” point - such as the sparticle mass spectrum and, in particular, the LSP

- are computed and then statistically analyzed over the full subspace of valid points. Finally, the

amount of fine-tuning required is quantified and compared to the MSSM computed using an identical

random scan. The B-L MSSM is shown to generically require less fine-tuning.

- 27 -

Author(s) : Zhong Qi MA

Affiliation(s) : Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences


Title : New Contributions to Physics by Prof. C. N. Yang: 2009 - 2011

Abstract

In a seminal paper of 1967, Professor Chen Ning Yang found the full solution of the one-dimensional

Fermi gas with a repulsive delta function interaction by using the Bethe ansatz and group theory. This

work with a brilliant discovery of the Yang-Baxter equation has been inspiring new developments in

mathematical physics, statistical physics, and many-body physics. Based on experimental

developments in simulating many-body physics of one-dimensional systems of ultracold atoms, during

a period from 2009 to 2011, Prof Yang published seven papers on the exact properties of the ground

state of bosonic and fermionic atoms with the repulsive delta function interaction and a confined

potential to one-dimension. In this talk I would like to share my experience in doing research work

fortunately under the direct supervision of Prof Yang in that period.

Author(s) : Bruce H J MCKELLAR

Affiliation(s) : CoEPP & University of Melbourne


Title : Quantum Phases in Maxwell and Yang-Mills Theories

Abstract

I will review Aharonov Bohm and related quantum phases in Maxwell and Yang Mills theories,

emphasising the situations under which topological phases exist.

Author(s) : Antti NIEMI

Affiliation(s) : Uppsala University


Title : Folding Proteins at the Speed of Life

Abstract

Despite impressive progress in the development of all-atom force fields and special purpose

computers, it would still take around 1000 years or more to fold a relatively simple protein such as

myoglobin from a random chain to the native state, at all atom level. To resolve the protein folding

problem, a new paradigm is needed. Accordingly, we propose to use techniques of modern theoretical

physics including gauge invariance in combination of geometry and the concept of integrability, to

derive an essentially unique energy function that governs proteins and their dynamics in the limit of

slow spatial variations. We observe that this energy function supports topological solitons as classical

solutions, and we argue that the solitons can be identified as the modular building blocks from which

all folded proteins are composed. We show how crystallographic protein structures are modelled in

terms of these building blocks, with experimental precision; in the case of myoglobin we are able to

reach the native state within a couple of seconds, using an ordinary laptop computer.

Author(s) : Burt OVRUT

Affiliation(s) : University of Pennsylvania


Title : The Minimal Supersymmtric B-L Theory: From Unification to the LHC

Abstract

This talk will introduce a random statistical scan over the high-energy initial parameter space of the

minimal SUSY B-L model - denoted as the B-L MSSM. Each initial set of points is renormalization

group evolved to the electroweak scale - being subjected, sequentially, to the requirement of radiative

B-L and electroweak symmetry breaking, the present experimental lower bounds on the B-L vector

boson and sparticle masses, as well as the lightest neutral Higgs mass of ~125 GeV. The subspace of

initial parameters that satisfies all such constraints is presented, shown to be robust and to contain a

wide range of different configurations of soft supersymmetry breaking masses. The low-energy

predictions of each such “valid” point - such as the sparticle mass spectrum and, in particular, the LSP

- are computed and then statistically analyzed over the full subspace of valid points. Finally, the

amount of fine-tuning required is quantified and compared to the MSSM computed using an identical

random scan. The B-L MSSM is shown to generically require less fine-tuning.

- 28 -

Author(s) : George SAVVIDY

Affiliation(s) : Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics; Demokritos National Research

Center

Email : [email protected], [email protected]

Title : Generalization of the Yang-Mills Theory

Abstract

We suggest extension of the gauge principle which includes tensor gauge fields. In this extension of

the Yang–Mills theory, the vector gauge boson becomes a member of a bigger family of gauge bosons

of arbitrary large integer spins. We calculated the one-loop contribution of the non-Abelian tensor

gauge fields into the Callan–Symanzik beta function. This contribution is negative and corresponds to

the asymptotically free theory. We consider a possibility that inside the proton and, more generally,

inside the hadrons there are additional partons - tensor-gluons, which can carry a part of the proton

momentum. This extension of QCD influences the unification scale at which the coupling constants of

the Standard Model merge, shifting its value to lower energies.

Author(s) : Yu SHI

Affiliation(s) : Fudan University


Title : Brief Overview of Prof. C. N. Yang's 13 Important Contributions to Physics

Abstract

We make a brief overview of Professor Chen Ning Yang’s 13 important contributions to physics,

especially his contributions to gauge theory. Commentary is made on his distinctive style and his

trailblazing role in the history of physics. The great impact of his relevant papers is also analysed.

Author(s) : George STERMAN



Title : Yang-Mills Theory at High Energy Accelerators

Abstract

Searches for new laws of fundamental physics using particle accelerators have required the study of

non-Abelian fields in their perturbation realizations. The connection between the Yang-Mills theories of

the Standard Model and the design and analysis of experiments at high energy relies on fundamental

features of quantum gauge theories. I will review some of these developments in historical context,

and sketch ways in which new windows into the perturbative and non-perturbative dynamics of gauge

fields may be found in novel analyses of high-energy collisions.

- 29 -

Author(s) : George SAVVIDY

Affiliation(s) : Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics; Demokritos National Research

Center


Title : Generalization of the Yang-Mills Theory

Abstract

We suggest extension of the gauge principle which includes tensor gauge fields. In this extension of

the Yang–Mills theory, the vector gauge boson becomes a member of a bigger family of gauge bosons

of arbitrary large integer spins. We calculated the one-loop contribution of the non-Abelian tensor

gauge fields into the Callan–Symanzik beta function. This contribution is negative and corresponds to

the asymptotically free theory. We consider a possibility that inside the proton and, more generally,

inside the hadrons there are additional partons - tensor-gluons, which can carry a part of the proton

momentum. This extension of QCD influences the unification scale at which the coupling constants of

the Standard Model merge, shifting its value to lower energies.

Author(s) : Yu SHI

Affiliation(s) : Fudan University


Title : Brief Overview of Prof. C. N. Yang's 13 Important Contributions to Physics

Abstract

We make a brief overview of Professor Chen Ning Yang’s 13 important contributions to physics,

especially his contributions to gauge theory. Commentary is made on his distinctive style and his

trailblazing role in the history of physics. The great impact of his relevant papers is also analysed.

Author(s) : George STERMAN



Title : Yang-Mills Theory at High Energy Accelerators

Abstract

Searches for new laws of fundamental physics using particle accelerators have required the study of

non-Abelian fields in their perturbation realizations. The connection between the Yang-Mills theories of

the Standard Model and the design and analysis of experiments at high energy relies on fundamental

features of quantum gauge theories. I will review some of these developments in historical context,

and sketch ways in which new windows into the perturbative and non-perturbative dynamics of gauge

fields may be found in novel analyses of high-energy collisions.

- 30 -

Author(s) : Seng Ghee TAN(1,2), Mansoor BA JALIL(2)

Affiliation(s) : (1) Data Storage Institute, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and

Research), Singapore

(2) Computational Nanoelectronics and Nano-device Laboratory, National

University of Singapore


Title : Gauge Concepts in Theoretical Applied Physics

Abstract

Gauge concept evolved [1] from Faraday’s electrotonic state of matter, Maxwell’s gauge freedom,

Weyl’s gauge invariance, to Yang and Mills’ non-commutative symmetry in the standard model. In

condensed matter, gauge theory is studied in superconductivity and quantum Hall effects. Recently

(21st century), gauge concepts emerged with interesting physical significance in the technologies of

electronics, spintronics, and photonics, on the meso/nanoscale as well as the quantum-info scale.

These technologies can be realized in solid state materials from metal, semiconductor, carbon

(graphene), to insulators (topological). In this talk, we will describe the non-Abelian gauge physics [2,3]

that exists in a wide range of material system with spin orbit coupling. We discuss its relation to the

classical notion of forces and velocities, and its measurement in technologically relevant parameters of

conductivity and voltage. We will give a specific introduction to the spin orbit torque, which is gaining

popularity in the engineering physics community working on magnetic non-volatile memory. We first

derived a concise formula for the field-like spin orbit torque in 2007 [4] based on the gauge theory, and

the formula was experimentally confirmed recently [5]. Today research is ongoing in using the physics

of spin orbit torque to switch the binary states of magnetic memory. We will also introduce the

significance of gauge theory in the spin Hall effect (SHE), the spin version of the classical Hall effect.

We also describe a full treatment of SHE using the gauge theoretic approach, and show the need for

corrections to the results of SHE conductivity previously derived in many well-known material systems.

References

[1] CN Yang, Phys. Today 67, 45 (2014).

[2] Takashi Fujita, MBA Jalil, SG Tan, Shuichi Murakami, J. Appl. Phys. (Appl. Phys. Rev.) 110,

121301 (2011); Seng Ghee Tan, Mansoor BA Jalil, J. Phys. Soc. Japan 82, 094714 (2013).

[3] Seng Ghee Tan, Mansoor BA Jalil, Introduction to the Physics of Nanoelectronics, Woodhead

Publishing (2012).

[4] SG Tan, MBA. Jalil, and X.-J. Liu, arXiv:0705.3502 (2007); SG Tan, MBA Jalil, X.-J. Liu, and T.

Fujita, Ann. Phys. 326, 207 (2011).

[5] Loan Mihai Miron et al. Nature Materials 9, 230 (2010); JunYeon Kim et al., Nature Materials 12,

240 (2013); JunYeon Kim et al., Phys. Rev. B 89, 174424 (2014).

Author(s) : Sheung Tsun TSOU and Hong Mo CHAN



Title : The Framed Standard Model ll - A First Test against Experiment (SFSM2)

Abstract

Apart from the qualitative features described in SFSM1, the renormalization group equation derived for

the rotation of the fermion mass matrices are amenable to quantitative study. The equation depends

on a coupling and a fudge factor and, on integration, on 3 integration constants. Its application to data

analysis, however, requires the input from experiment of the heaviest generation masses 𝑚𝑚𝑡𝑡, 𝑚𝑚𝑏𝑏, 𝑚𝑚𝜏𝜏,

𝑚𝑚𝜈𝜈3 all of which are known, except for 𝑚𝑚𝜈𝜈3.

Together then with the theta-angle in the QCD action, there are in all, 7 real unknown parameters.

Determining these 7 parameters by fitting to the experimental values of the masses 𝑚𝑚𝑐𝑐, 𝑚𝑚𝜇𝜇, 𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑒, the

CKM elements | 𝑉𝑉𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢|, | 𝑉𝑉𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢|, and the neutrino oscillation angle sin2 2 𝜃𝜃13, one can then calculate and

compare with experiment the following 12 quantities 𝑚𝑚𝑠𝑠, 𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑢 / 𝑚𝑚𝑑𝑑, | 𝑉𝑉𝑢𝑢𝑑𝑑|, | 𝑉𝑉𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑢|, | 𝑉𝑉𝑡𝑡𝑢𝑢|, | 𝑉𝑉𝑐𝑐𝑑𝑑|, | 𝑉𝑉𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑢|, | 𝑉𝑉𝑡𝑡𝑢𝑢|,

| 𝑉𝑉𝑡𝑡𝑑𝑑|, J, sin2 2 𝜃𝜃12, sin2 2 𝜃𝜃23, and they all agree reasonably well with data, often to within the stringent

experimental error now achieved. Counting the predictions not yet measured by experiment, this

means that 17 independent parameters of the standard model are now replaced by 7 in the FSM.

Author(s) : Henry TYE

Affiliation(s) : The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST Jockey Club

Institute for Advanced Study)


Title : Sphaleron Physics in Yang-Mills Theory

Abstract

A new way to estimate the rate of baryon- and lepton-number violating processes via sphaleron in

electroweak theory and find that there is a good chance that such processes can show up in LHC.

- 31 -

Author(s) : Seng Ghee TAN(1,2), Mansoor BA JALIL(2)

Affiliation(s) : (1) Data Storage Institute, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and

Research), Singapore

(2) Computational Nanoelectronics and Nano-device Laboratory, National

University of Singapore


Title : Gauge Concepts in Theoretical Applied Physics

Abstract

Gauge concept evolved [1] from Faraday’s electrotonic state of matter, Maxwell’s gauge freedom,

Weyl’s gauge invariance, to Yang and Mills’ non-commutative symmetry in the standard model. In

condensed matter, gauge theory is studied in superconductivity and quantum Hall effects. Recently

(21st century), gauge concepts emerged with interesting physical significance in the technologies of

electronics, spintronics, and photonics, on the meso/nanoscale as well as the quantum-info scale.

These technologies can be realized in solid state materials from metal, semiconductor, carbon

(graphene), to insulators (topological). In this talk, we will describe the non-Abelian gauge physics [2,3]

that exists in a wide range of material system with spin orbit coupling. We discuss its relation to the

classical notion of forces and velocities, and its measurement in technologically relevant parameters of

conductivity and voltage. We will give a specific introduction to the spin orbit torque, which is gaining

popularity in the engineering physics community working on magnetic non-volatile memory. We first

derived a concise formula for the field-like spin orbit torque in 2007 [4] based on the gauge theory, and

the formula was experimentally confirmed recently [5]. Today research is ongoing in using the physics

of spin orbit torque to switch the binary states of magnetic memory. We will also introduce the

significance of gauge theory in the spin Hall effect (SHE), the spin version of the classical Hall effect.

We also describe a full treatment of SHE using the gauge theoretic approach, and show the need for

corrections to the results of SHE conductivity previously derived in many well-known material systems.

References

[1] CN Yang, Phys. Today 67, 45 (2014).

[2] Takashi Fujita, MBA Jalil, SG Tan, Shuichi Murakami, J. Appl. Phys. (Appl. Phys. Rev.) 110,

121301 (2011); Seng Ghee Tan, Mansoor BA Jalil, J. Phys. Soc. Japan 82, 094714 (2013).

[3] Seng Ghee Tan, Mansoor BA Jalil, Introduction to the Physics of Nanoelectronics, Woodhead

Publishing (2012).

[4] SG Tan, MBA. Jalil, and X.-J. Liu, arXiv:0705.3502 (2007); SG Tan, MBA Jalil, X.-J. Liu, and T.

Fujita, Ann. Phys. 326, 207 (2011).

[5] Loan Mihai Miron et al. Nature Materials 9, 230 (2010); JunYeon Kim et al., Nature Materials 12,

240 (2013); JunYeon Kim et al., Phys. Rev. B 89, 174424 (2014).

Author(s) : Sheung Tsun TSOU and Hong Mo CHAN



Title : The Framed Standard Model ll - A First Test against Experiment (SFSM2)

Abstract

Apart from the qualitative features described in SFSM1, the renormalization group equation derived for

the rotation of the fermion mass matrices are amenable to quantitative study. The equation depends

on a coupling and a fudge factor and, on integration, on 3 integration constants. Its application to data

analysis, however, requires the input from experiment of the heaviest generation masses 𝑚𝑚𝑡𝑡, 𝑚𝑚𝑏𝑏, 𝑚𝑚𝜏𝜏,

𝑚𝑚𝜈𝜈3 all of which are known, except for 𝑚𝑚𝜈𝜈3.

Together then with the theta-angle in the QCD action, there are in all, 7 real unknown parameters.

Determining these 7 parameters by fitting to the experimental values of the masses 𝑚𝑚𝑐𝑐, 𝑚𝑚𝜇𝜇, 𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑒, the

CKM elements | 𝑉𝑉𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢|, | 𝑉𝑉𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢|, and the neutrino oscillation angle sin2 2 𝜃𝜃13, one can then calculate and

compare with experiment the following 12 quantities 𝑚𝑚𝑠𝑠, 𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑢 / 𝑚𝑚𝑑𝑑, | 𝑉𝑉𝑢𝑢𝑑𝑑|, | 𝑉𝑉𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑢|, | 𝑉𝑉𝑡𝑡𝑢𝑢|, | 𝑉𝑉𝑐𝑐𝑑𝑑|, | 𝑉𝑉𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑢|, | 𝑉𝑉𝑡𝑡𝑢𝑢|,

| 𝑉𝑉𝑡𝑡𝑑𝑑|, J, sin2 2 𝜃𝜃12, sin2 2 𝜃𝜃23, and they all agree reasonably well with data, often to within the stringent

experimental error now achieved. Counting the predictions not yet measured by experiment, this

means that 17 independent parameters of the standard model are now replaced by 7 in the FSM.

Author(s) : Henry TYE

Affiliation(s) : The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST Jockey Club

Institute for Advanced Study)


Title : Sphaleron Physics in Yang-Mills Theory

Abstract

A new way to estimate the rate of baryon- and lepton-number violating processes via sphaleron in

electroweak theory and find that there is a good chance that such processes can show up in LHC.

- 32 -

Author(s) : Jie WEI

Affiliation(s) : Michigan State University


Title : Particle Accelerator Developments: Selected Examples*

Abstract

About thirty years ago, I was among several students mentored by Professor Yang at Stony Brook to

enter the field of particle accelerator physics. Since then, I have been fortunate to work on several

major accelerator projects in USA and in China, guided and at times directly supported by Professor

Yang. The field of accelerator physics is flourishing in China and abroad, providing indispensable tools

to the broad field of fundamental physics research and covering an increasingly wide spectrum of

applications with secondary and primary beams [1].

Reference

[1] Jie Wei, Rev. Mod. Phys. 75, 1383 (2003).

* Work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-11-02511, and the

U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661

Author(s) : Sau Lan WU

Affiliation(s) : University of Wisconsin-Madison


Title : Discovery of the First Yang-Mills Gauge Particle - The Gluon

Abstract

The experimental discovery of the first Yang-Mills non-Abelian gauge particle - the gluon - in the spring

of 1979 is summarized. This gluon is responsible for all strong interactions, and it was first observed in

the German laboratory DESY. Some of the subsequent developments, including especially the

important role of the gluon in the recent discovery of the Higgs particle, are also discussed.

This talk is dedicated to Professor Chen Ning Yang.

Author(s) : Tai Tsun WU(1) and Sau Lan WU(2)

Affiliation(s) : (1) Harvard University, Cambridge

(2) University of Wisconsin-Madison


Title : Yang-Mills Gauge Theory and Higgs Boson

Abstract

In 1954, Chen Ning Yang and Robert L. Mills discovered a fundamental general principle for the

interactions of elementary particles. Their 1954 paper is of utmost importance in physics, and has

opened up numerous new developments during the last sixty years. Their non-Abelian gauge theory

has permeated many branches of physics, and is expected to be of even greater importance for the

twenty-first century. With the recent experimental discovery of the Higgs particle, a possible scenario is

presented for the increased importance of the Yang-Mills non-Abelian gauge theory in particle physics.

Author(s) : Yuting HU and Yong Shi WU

Affiliation(s) : University of Utah and Fudan University


Title : Gauging Quantum Groups: Yang-Baxter Joining Yang-Mills

Abstract

Quantum groups are generalization of Lie groups, developed on the basis of Yang-Baxter equations.

Therefore quantum group gauge theory is generalization of Yang-Mills gauge theory. In this talk we

review recent progress on construction and exact solution of quantum group gauge theory on two

dimensional lattices, which describes topological states of anyonic quantum matter. The material

realization of quantum group gauge theory may lead to devices for topological quantum computation.

Author(s) : Chen Ning YANG

Affiliation(s) : Tsinghua University


Title : Remembrance of Early Days of Particle Physics

Abstract

To be announced.

- 33 -

Author(s) : Jie WEI

Affiliation(s) : Michigan State University


Title : Particle Accelerator Developments: Selected Examples*

Abstract

About thirty years ago, I was among several students mentored by Professor Yang at Stony Brook to

enter the field of particle accelerator physics. Since then, I have been fortunate to work on several

major accelerator projects in USA and in China, guided and at times directly supported by Professor

Yang. The field of accelerator physics is flourishing in China and abroad, providing indispensable tools

to the broad field of fundamental physics research and covering an increasingly wide spectrum of

applications with secondary and primary beams [1].

Reference

[1] Jie Wei, Rev. Mod. Phys. 75, 1383 (2003).

* Work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-11-02511, and the

U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661

Author(s) : Sau Lan WU



Title : Discovery of the First Yang-Mills Gauge Particle - The Gluon

Abstract

The experimental discovery of the first Yang-Mills non-Abelian gauge particle - the gluon - in the spring

of 1979 is summarized. This gluon is responsible for all strong interactions, and it was first observed in

the German laboratory DESY. Some of the subsequent developments, including especially the

important role of the gluon in the recent discovery of the Higgs particle, are also discussed.

This talk is dedicated to Professor Chen Ning Yang.

Author(s) : Tai Tsun WU(1) and Sau Lan WU(2)

Affiliation(s) : (1) Harvard University, Cambridge

(2) University of Wisconsin-Madison


Title : Yang-Mills Gauge Theory and Higgs Boson

Abstract

In 1954, Chen Ning Yang and Robert L. Mills discovered a fundamental general principle for the

interactions of elementary particles. Their 1954 paper is of utmost importance in physics, and has

opened up numerous new developments during the last sixty years. Their non-Abelian gauge theory

has permeated many branches of physics, and is expected to be of even greater importance for the

twenty-first century. With the recent experimental discovery of the Higgs particle, a possible scenario is

presented for the increased importance of the Yang-Mills non-Abelian gauge theory in particle physics.

Author(s) : Yuting HU and Yong Shi WU

Affiliation(s) : University of Utah and Fudan University


Title : Gauging Quantum Groups: Yang-Baxter Joining Yang-Mills

Abstract

Quantum groups are generalization of Lie groups, developed on the basis of Yang-Baxter equations.

Therefore quantum group gauge theory is generalization of Yang-Mills gauge theory. In this talk we

review recent progress on construction and exact solution of quantum group gauge theory on two

dimensional lattices, which describes topological states of anyonic quantum matter. The material

realization of quantum group gauge theory may lead to devices for topological quantum computation.

Author(s) : Chen Ning YANG

Affiliation(s) : Tsinghua University


Title : Remembrance of Early Days of Particle Physics

Abstract

To be announced.

- 34 -

Author(s) : Edward YAO

Affiliation(s) : University of Michigan


Title : The Scattering Equation

Abstract

We use an integral representation of the scattering equation to discuss the ‘time-evolution’ of

scattering amplitude with internal symmetry, in the form of recursion. We point out its resemblance in

structure to light-light gauges for Yang-Mills. Other topics will also be addressed.

Author(s) : Anthony ZEE

Affiliation(s) : University of California, Santa Barbara


Title : Some Thoughts about Yang-Mills Theory

Abstract

I will touch upon those aspects of Yang-Mills that I find especially interesting.

Author(s) : Hui ZHAI

Affiliation(s) : Institute for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University


Title : Gauge Field, LHY Correction and ODLRO in Cold Atom Physics

Abstract

In this talk, I will discuss the impact of several of Prof Yang’s works on cold atom physics nowadays,

which include gauge field, Lee-Huang-Yang (LHY) correction of interacting Bose gas and Off-Diagonal

Long-Rang Order (ODLRO) for superfluid. I will talk about recent progresses in synthetic gauge field

studies in cold atoms and measuring LHY correction in strongly interacting cold atom gases. Finally, I

will discuss an example where gauge field gives rise to exotic situation where single-particle spectrum

has degenerate ground state. In this case, LHY correction will play a more essential role, and exotic

superfluid with higher order ODLRO but absence of single-particle ODLRO will appear.

Author(s) : Bangfen ZHU



Title : Chen Ning Yang’s contributions to physics after he returned to where he had

his beginning

Abstract

In 2003 Professor Chen Ning Yang finally settled down in Tsinghua campus where he spent his

childhood. He compared his life to a circle, described with T. S. Eliot’s verse as “In my beginning is my

end/……/……/In my end is my beginning/ We shall not cease from exploration/ And the end of all our

exploring/ Will be to arrive where we started/ And know the place for the first time.” In 2012 Prof. C. N.

Yang received a 90th birthday gift from Tsinghua University, with his 13 most important contributions

to physics inscribed in a black crystal cube. In this talk, I will briefly summarise Yang’s 13 great

contributions to physics, based on my personal experience and will introduce Yang’s important

contributions to physics after he arrived where he started. These important contributions include

continued working on physics (in particular the cold atom physics) and physical history, cultivating new

generation of physicists, leading the Institute for Advanced Study at Tsinghua University, teaching

undergraduates, and much more.

- 35 -

Author(s) : Edward YAO

Affiliation(s) : University of Michigan


Title : The Scattering Equation

Abstract

We use an integral representation of the scattering equation to discuss the ‘time-evolution’ of

scattering amplitude with internal symmetry, in the form of recursion. We point out its resemblance in

structure to light-light gauges for Yang-Mills. Other topics will also be addressed.

Author(s) : Anthony ZEE

Affiliation(s) : University of California, Santa Barbara


Title : Some Thoughts about Yang-Mills Theory

Abstract

I will touch upon those aspects of Yang-Mills that I find especially interesting.

Author(s) : Hui ZHAI



Title : Gauge Field, LHY Correction and ODLRO in Cold Atom Physics

Abstract

In this talk, I will discuss the impact of several of Prof Yang’s works on cold atom physics nowadays,

which include gauge field, Lee-Huang-Yang (LHY) correction of interacting Bose gas and Off-Diagonal

Long-Rang Order (ODLRO) for superfluid. I will talk about recent progresses in synthetic gauge field

studies in cold atoms and measuring LHY correction in strongly interacting cold atom gases. Finally, I

will discuss an example where gauge field gives rise to exotic situation where single-particle spectrum

has degenerate ground state. In this case, LHY correction will play a more essential role, and exotic

superfluid with higher order ODLRO but absence of single-particle ODLRO will appear.

Author(s) : Bangfen ZHU



Title : Chen Ning Yang’s contributions to physics after he returned to where he had

his beginning

Abstract

In 2003 Professor Chen Ning Yang finally settled down in Tsinghua campus where he spent his

childhood. He compared his life to a circle, described with T. S. Eliot’s verse as “In my beginning is my

end/……/……/In my end is my beginning/ We shall not cease from exploration/ And the end of all our

exploring/ Will be to arrive where we started/ And know the place for the first time.” In 2012 Prof. C. N.

Yang received a 90th birthday gift from Tsinghua University, with his 13 most important contributions

to physics inscribed in a black crystal cube. In this talk, I will briefly summarise Yang’s 13 great

contributions to physics, based on my personal experience and will introduce Yang’s important

contributions to physics after he arrived where he started. These important contributions include

continued working on physics (in particular the cold atom physics) and physical history, cultivating new

generation of physicists, leading the Institute for Advanced Study at Tsinghua University, teaching

undergraduates, and much more.

- 36 -

Abstracts | Contributed Talks

Author(s) : Richard L. AMOROSO

Affiliation(s) : Noetic Advanced Studies Institute


Title : Yang-Mills Kaluza-Klein Equivalence: An Empirical Path For Extending the

Standard Model

Abstract

Can Yang-Mills Kaluza-Klein correspondence drive the Future of Particle Physics? For example,

horizontal and vertical subspaces in the tangent bundle of M (M = X x G) defined by the Yang-Mills

connection are orthogonal with respect to the Kaluza-Klein metric suggesting putative orthogonal

extensions of dimensionality beyond the four required by the Standard Model. This requires a

fundamental change in the meaning of the concept of dimensionality. An empirical protocol has been

found for falsifying the model; which if successful, could have far reaching consequences for validating

M-Theory and provide table-top low energy Unified Field Mechanical ‘cross section’ alternatives for

'viewing' putative SUSY partners in a trans-dimensional ‘slice’ rather than the usual 100 TeV, PeV

collider collision technique producing the standard cross section particle spray in the current highly

successful 100 year history of high energy collision physics. Two special processes emerge for

creating new dimensions: 1) Duality, where the dimensions are fundamentally different in character,

and 2) Anticommutativity, where they are fundamentally the same. Our program is currently

developing a unique complex quaternionic Clifford algebra required to operate the experimental

design. Rather than the current iteration of String/M-Theory, this work is based on a radical extension

of the original hadronic form of string theory because of corresponding key elements such as virtual

tachyon/tardon interactions and a variable concept of string tension, 𝑇𝑇𝑠𝑠.

References

[1] L. O’Raifeartaigh (1997) The Dawning of Gauge Theory, Princeton University.

[2] E.A. Rauscher, P. Rowlands & R.L. Amoroso (2015) Dirac Equations in Nilpotent Quaternionic

Space-Antispace and Eight Dimensional (8D) Complex Minkowski Space (2015) in RL Amoroso, LH

Kauffman & R Rowlands (eds.) Unified Field Mechanics: Natural Science Beyond the Veil of

Spacetime, Singapore: World Scientific.

[3] Amoroso, R. L. & Rauscher, E. A. (2010) Empirical protocol for measuring virtual tachyon/tardon

interactions in a Dirac vacuum, in R.L Amoroso, P. Rowlands & S. Jeffers, AIP Conference

Proceedings-American Institute of Physics (Vol. 1316, No. 1, p. 199).

[4] Amoroso, Richard L. (2013) Unified geometrodynamics: A complementarity of Newton’s and

Einstein’s gravity, in R.L Amoroso, P. Rowlands & L.H. Kauffman, The Physics of Reality; Space Time

Matter Cosmos, Hackensack: World Scientific or: http://vixra. org/pdf/1403.0919 v1.

[5] Amoroso, R. L. & Rauscher, E. A. (2009) On the possibility of relativistic shock-wave effects in

- 37 -

Author(s) : Richard L. AMOROSO

Affiliation(s) : Noetic Advanced Studies Institute


Title : Yang-Mills Kaluza-Klein Equivalence: An Empirical Path For Extending the

Standard Model

Abstract

Can Yang-Mills Kaluza-Klein correspondence drive the Future of Particle Physics? For example,

horizontal and vertical subspaces in the tangent bundle of M (M = X x G) defined by the Yang-Mills

connection are orthogonal with respect to the Kaluza-Klein metric suggesting putative orthogonal

extensions of dimensionality beyond the four required by the Standard Model. This requires a

fundamental change in the meaning of the concept of dimensionality. An empirical protocol has been

found for falsifying the model; which if successful, could have far reaching consequences for validating

M-Theory and provide table-top low energy Unified Field Mechanical ‘cross section’ alternatives for

'viewing' putative SUSY partners in a trans-dimensional ‘slice’ rather than the usual 100 TeV, PeV

collider collision technique producing the standard cross section particle spray in the current highly

successful 100 year history of high energy collision physics. Two special processes emerge for

creating new dimensions: 1) Duality, where the dimensions are fundamentally different in character,

and 2) Anticommutativity, where they are fundamentally the same. Our program is currently

developing a unique complex quaternionic Clifford algebra required to operate the experimental

design. Rather than the current iteration of String/M-Theory, this work is based on a radical extension

of the original hadronic form of string theory because of corresponding key elements such as virtual

tachyon/tardon interactions and a variable concept of string tension, 𝑇𝑇𝑠𝑠.

References

[1] L. O’Raifeartaigh (1997) The Dawning of Gauge Theory, Princeton University.

[2] E.A. Rauscher, P. Rowlands & R.L. Amoroso (2015) Dirac Equations in Nilpotent Quaternionic

Space-Antispace and Eight Dimensional (8D) Complex Minkowski Space (2015) in RL Amoroso, LH

Kauffman & R Rowlands (eds.) Unified Field Mechanics: Natural Science Beyond the Veil of

Spacetime, Singapore: World Scientific.

[3] Amoroso, R. L. & Rauscher, E. A. (2010) Empirical protocol for measuring virtual tachyon/tardon

interactions in a Dirac vacuum, in R.L Amoroso, P. Rowlands & S. Jeffers, AIP Conference

Proceedings-American Institute of Physics (Vol. 1316, No. 1, p. 199).

[4] Amoroso, Richard L. (2013) Unified geometrodynamics: A complementarity of Newton’s and

Einstein’s gravity, in R.L Amoroso, P. Rowlands & L.H. Kauffman, The Physics of Reality; Space Time

Matter Cosmos, Hackensack: World Scientific or: http://vixra. org/pdf/1403.0919 v1.

[5] Amoroso, R. L. & Rauscher, E. A. (2009) On the possibility of relativistic shock-wave effects in

- 38 -

observations of quasar luminosity in R.L Amoroso & E.A. Rauscher The Holographic Anthropic

Multiverse Formalizing the Complex Geometry of Reality, Hackensack: World Scientific.

[6] Amoroso, R. L. (2010) Simple resonance hierarchy for surmounting quantum uncertainty, in

Amoroso, R. L., Rowlands, P., & Jeffers, S. in AIP Conference Proceedings-Am Inst. Physics, Vol.

1316, No. 1, pp. 185-193.

Author(s) : Mario GRECO

Affiliation(s) : INFN & Roma Tre University


Title : On the Study of the Higgs Properties in a Muon Collider

Abstract

The discovery of the Higgs particle at 125 GeV is demanding a detailed knowledge of the properties of

this fundamental component of the Standard Model. To that aim various proposals of electron and

muon colliders have been put forward for precision studies of the partial widths of the various decay

channels. It is shown that in the case of a Higgs factory through a muon collider, sizeable radiative

effects – of order of 50% – must be carefully taken into account for a precise measurement of the

leptonic width. Similar effects do not apply in the case of Higgs production in electron-positron

colliders.

Author(s) : Masashi HAMANAKA

Affiliation(s) : Nagoya University


Title : Yang-Mills Instantons in Noncommutative Spaces

Abstract

Atiyah-Drinfeld-Hitchin-Manin (ADHM) construction is a powerful construction method of instantons

which are finite-action solutions of Anti-Self-Dual Yang-Mills (ASDYM) equations in four-dimensional

Euclidean space. This is based on a beautiful duality between moduli space of the instantons and

moduli space of the ADHM data. In this talk, we discuss the ADHM construction of U(N) instantons in

noncommutative (NC) space and prove the duality (in collaboration with Toshio Nakatsu (Setsunan

University). If time allows, we will also give exact local solutions of NC ASDYM eq. in Yang's form in

terms of quasideterminants (in collaboration with Claire Gilson and Jon Nimmo (Glasgow University)).

Author(s) : Cong Son HO (1), Mansoor B. A. JALIL (1), Seng Ghee TAN (1,2)

Affiliation(s) : (1) National University of Singapore

(2) Data Storage Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research

(A*STAR), Singapore.


Title : Gate-Controlled Spinmotive Force: A Gauge Field Approach

Abstract

One of the most important subjects of current study in spintronics is the manipulation of spin and

magnetization. A spin current can modify the dynamics of magnetization through Spin-Transfer Torque

(STT); conversely the dynamics of magnetization can in turn modify the spin dynamics and may

generate a spin current through Spin Motive Force (SMF) and spin pumping. Despite the mutual

connection between STT and SMF, the latter has been shown to be inefficient in generating the spin

current due to its weak magnitude, hence the on-going research on the means of obtaining a large

SMF.

The introduction of a strong Rashba Spin Orbit Coupling (SOC) has been predicted to enhance the

Spin Motive Force (SMF) [see Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 217202 (2012)]. The framework of gauge field

formalism, we predict further enhancement of the SMF by time modulation of the Rashba coupling 𝛼𝛼𝑅𝑅which induces an additional electric field 𝐸𝐸 ∝ �̇�𝛼𝑅𝑅 (�̂�𝑧 × 𝑚𝑚�) . This new emergent electric field is

associated with the time-dependent spin-orbit gauge field due to the AC gate voltage. When the

modulation frequency is higher than the magnetization precessing frequency, the amplitude of this

field is significantly larger than previously predicted results. Correspondingly, the spin torque on the

magnetization is also effectively enhanced. Additionally, the nature of SOC induced spin torque in the

system can be transformed from damping to antidamping-like by modulating 𝛼𝛼𝑅𝑅 . We also suggest a

biasing scheme to achieve rectification of SMF, i.e., by application of a square wave voltage at the

resonant frequency. Finally, we numerically estimate the resulting spin torque field arising from a

Gaussian pulse time modulation of 𝛼𝛼𝑅𝑅 (Fig.1).

Fig.1. Switching field induced by the time-dependent Rashba coupling. The gate voltage is modulated by

a Gaussian signal.

- 39 -

observations of quasar luminosity in R.L Amoroso & E.A. Rauscher The Holographic Anthropic

Multiverse Formalizing the Complex Geometry of Reality, Hackensack: World Scientific.

[6] Amoroso, R. L. (2010) Simple resonance hierarchy for surmounting quantum uncertainty, in

Amoroso, R. L., Rowlands, P., & Jeffers, S. in AIP Conference Proceedings-Am Inst. Physics, Vol.

1316, No. 1, pp. 185-193.

Author(s) : Mario GRECO

Affiliation(s) : INFN & Roma Tre University


Title : On the Study of the Higgs Properties in a Muon Collider

Abstract

The discovery of the Higgs particle at 125 GeV is demanding a detailed knowledge of the properties of

this fundamental component of the Standard Model. To that aim various proposals of electron and

muon colliders have been put forward for precision studies of the partial widths of the various decay

channels. It is shown that in the case of a Higgs factory through a muon collider, sizeable radiative

effects – of order of 50% – must be carefully taken into account for a precise measurement of the

leptonic width. Similar effects do not apply in the case of Higgs production in electron-positron

colliders.

Author(s) : Masashi HAMANAKA

Affiliation(s) : Nagoya University


Title : Yang-Mills Instantons in Noncommutative Spaces

Abstract

Atiyah-Drinfeld-Hitchin-Manin (ADHM) construction is a powerful construction method of instantons

which are finite-action solutions of Anti-Self-Dual Yang-Mills (ASDYM) equations in four-dimensional

Euclidean space. This is based on a beautiful duality between moduli space of the instantons and

moduli space of the ADHM data. In this talk, we discuss the ADHM construction of U(N) instantons in

noncommutative (NC) space and prove the duality (in collaboration with Toshio Nakatsu (Setsunan

University). If time allows, we will also give exact local solutions of NC ASDYM eq. in Yang's form in

terms of quasideterminants (in collaboration with Claire Gilson and Jon Nimmo (Glasgow University)).

Author(s) : Cong Son HO (1), Mansoor B. A. JALIL (1), Seng Ghee TAN (1,2)

Affiliation(s) : (1) National University of Singapore

(2) Data Storage Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research

(A*STAR), Singapore.


Title : Gate-Controlled Spinmotive Force: A Gauge Field Approach

Abstract

One of the most important subjects of current study in spintronics is the manipulation of spin and

magnetization. A spin current can modify the dynamics of magnetization through Spin-Transfer Torque

(STT); conversely the dynamics of magnetization can in turn modify the spin dynamics and may

generate a spin current through Spin Motive Force (SMF) and spin pumping. Despite the mutual

connection between STT and SMF, the latter has been shown to be inefficient in generating the spin

current due to its weak magnitude, hence the on-going research on the means of obtaining a large

SMF.

The introduction of a strong Rashba Spin Orbit Coupling (SOC) has been predicted to enhance the

Spin Motive Force (SMF) [see Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 217202 (2012)]. The framework of gauge field

formalism, we predict further enhancement of the SMF by time modulation of the Rashba coupling 𝛼𝛼𝑅𝑅which induces an additional electric field 𝐸𝐸 ∝ �̇�𝛼𝑅𝑅 (�̂�𝑧 × 𝑚𝑚�) . This new emergent electric field is

associated with the time-dependent spin-orbit gauge field due to the AC gate voltage. When the

modulation frequency is higher than the magnetization precessing frequency, the amplitude of this

field is significantly larger than previously predicted results. Correspondingly, the spin torque on the

magnetization is also effectively enhanced. Additionally, the nature of SOC induced spin torque in the

system can be transformed from damping to antidamping-like by modulating 𝛼𝛼𝑅𝑅 . We also suggest a

biasing scheme to achieve rectification of SMF, i.e., by application of a square wave voltage at the

resonant frequency. Finally, we numerically estimate the resulting spin torque field arising from a

Gaussian pulse time modulation of 𝛼𝛼𝑅𝑅 (Fig.1).

Fig.1. Switching field induced by the time-dependent Rashba coupling. The gate voltage is modulated by

a Gaussian signal.

- 40 -

Author(s) : Ralf HOFMANN

Affiliation(s) : Heidelberg University


Title : SU(2) Yang-Mills Thermodynamics

Abstract

We explain how a spatial coarse graining over trivial-holonomy (anti)calorons of topological charge

modulus unity generates an inert adjoint Higgs field in the deconfining phase of SU(2) Yang-Mills

thermodynamics to induce the thermal ground state. Based on this, thermal quasiparticle excitations,

their free fluctuations, the effective gauge coupling, radiative corrections, and the density of

unresolved magnetic monopoles are discussed.

Author(s) : Hwee Kuan LEE

Affiliation(s) : Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR


Title : Time Travel and Transition Matrices

Abstract

A time machine that sends information back to the past may, in principle, be built using closed time-

like curves. However, the realization of a time machine must be congruent with apparent paradoxes

that arise from traveling back in time. Using a simple model to analyze the consequences of time

travel, we show that several paradoxes, including the grandfather paradox and Deutsch's unproven

theorem paradox, are precluded by basic axioms of probability. However, our model does not prohibit

traveling back in time to affect past events in a self-consistent manner.

Author(s) : Parthasarathi MAJUMDAR

Affiliation(s) : Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda University


Title : Some Physical Aspects of Gauge Theories

Abstract

We present examples of gauge theories in 4 dimensional Minkowski spacetime where, by field

redefinitions, the action can be expressed entirely in terms of physical, gauge-invariant field degrees of

freedom, thus obviating the need of gauge fixing when quantizing the theory. Recognizing that

Minkowski 4-space can be represented as the Cartesian product of a plane admitting a Lorentzian

metric and a 2-sphere, we argue that physical polarizations of all gauge fields on this product space

`live' only on the 2-sphere. We discuss possible implications of these results.

Author(s) : Yusuf MUHAMMAD and Tasrief SURUNGAN

Affiliation(s) : Gorontalo State University and Hasanuddin University


Title : Kähler-Einstein Manifolds and Cosmic Strings

Abstract

In this paper, we study the supergravity Kähler-Einstein manifolds and supersymmetric gauge theories

for the black-holes physics and cosmic strings.

Author(s) : Shannon Y. K. SEAH, Q. X. LEONG, A. H. CHAN, C. H. OH



Title : Multiplicity Distributions and Lee-Yang Circle Analysis at LHC Energies

Abstract

The study of multiplicities is important in the attempt to understand the physics of multiparticle

production. This project uses a two component Generalised Multiplicity Distribution (GMD) to study

multiplicity data and in particular focuses on the Lee-Yang phase transition analysis. In this

phenomenological investigation, the Lee-Yang circle analysis is briefly introduced and Lee-Yang plots

are obtained for energies √𝑠𝑠 from the ISR range to the CMS range of up to 7 TeV. It is hoped that

applying the Lee-Yang approach will help provide some insight into multiparticle production. To this

end, the evolution of the Lee-Yang plots with increasing energy is examined, with focus on the “ear”

structure observed in earlier work.

- 41 -

Author(s) : Ralf HOFMANN

Affiliation(s) : Heidelberg University


Title : SU(2) Yang-Mills Thermodynamics

Abstract

We explain how a spatial coarse graining over trivial-holonomy (anti)calorons of topological charge

modulus unity generates an inert adjoint Higgs field in the deconfining phase of SU(2) Yang-Mills

thermodynamics to induce the thermal ground state. Based on this, thermal quasiparticle excitations,

their free fluctuations, the effective gauge coupling, radiative corrections, and the density of

unresolved magnetic monopoles are discussed.

Author(s) : Hwee Kuan LEE

Affiliation(s) : Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR


Title : Time Travel and Transition Matrices

Abstract

A time machine that sends information back to the past may, in principle, be built using closed time-

like curves. However, the realization of a time machine must be congruent with apparent paradoxes

that arise from traveling back in time. Using a simple model to analyze the consequences of time

travel, we show that several paradoxes, including the grandfather paradox and Deutsch's unproven

theorem paradox, are precluded by basic axioms of probability. However, our model does not prohibit

traveling back in time to affect past events in a self-consistent manner.

Author(s) : Parthasarathi MAJUMDAR

Affiliation(s) : Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda University


Title : Some Physical Aspects of Gauge Theories

Abstract

We present examples of gauge theories in 4 dimensional Minkowski spacetime where, by field

redefinitions, the action can be expressed entirely in terms of physical, gauge-invariant field degrees of

freedom, thus obviating the need of gauge fixing when quantizing the theory. Recognizing that

Minkowski 4-space can be represented as the Cartesian product of a plane admitting a Lorentzian

metric and a 2-sphere, we argue that physical polarizations of all gauge fields on this product space

`live' only on the 2-sphere. We discuss possible implications of these results.

Author(s) : Yusuf MUHAMMAD and Tasrief SURUNGAN

Affiliation(s) : Gorontalo State University and Hasanuddin University


Title : Kähler-Einstein Manifolds and Cosmic Strings

Abstract

In this paper, we study the supergravity Kähler-Einstein manifolds and supersymmetric gauge theories

for the black-holes physics and cosmic strings.

Author(s) : Shannon Y. K. SEAH, Q. X. LEONG, A. H. CHAN, C. H. OH



Title : Multiplicity Distributions and Lee-Yang Circle Analysis at LHC Energies

Abstract

The study of multiplicities is important in the attempt to understand the physics of multiparticle

production. This project uses a two component Generalised Multiplicity Distribution (GMD) to study

multiplicity data and in particular focuses on the Lee-Yang phase transition analysis. In this

phenomenological investigation, the Lee-Yang circle analysis is briefly introduced and Lee-Yang plots

are obtained for energies √𝑠𝑠 from the ISR range to the CMS range of up to 7 TeV. It is hoped that

applying the Lee-Yang approach will help provide some insight into multiparticle production. To this

end, the evolution of the Lee-Yang plots with increasing energy is examined, with focus on the “ear”

structure observed in earlier work.

- 42 -

Author(s) : Kazunari SHIMA and Motomu TSUDA

Affiliation(s) : Saitama Institute of Technology


Title : Nonlinear Supersymmetric General Relativity Theory and Unity of Nature II

Abstract

We show that the nonlinear SUSY composed of Nambu-Goldstone(NG) fermion is simply unified with

general relativity theory and produces NLSUSY invariant Einstein-Hilbert type action Nonlinear

Supersymmetric General Relativity (NLSUSYGR) equipped with the cosmological term for space-time

and matter, which gives a new paradigm for the SUSY unification with the robust SUSY breaking

mechanism. The Standard Model (SM) of the low energy particle physics appears in the true vacuum of

NLSUSYGR as the effective theory composed of NG fermion, which naturally bridges the cosmology and

the low energy particle physics and gives new insights into unsolved problems of particle physics, e.g.

the dark energy density, the neutrino mass, the three-generation structure of quarks and leptons, the

chirality and some mysterious relations among them. NLSUSYGR may give a qualitative and quantitative

description of a new phase before/around the big bang era which continues naturally to the present big

bang cosmology. We give a quick review of the basics of NLSUSYGR and discuss new results.

Author(s) : Deobrat SINGH

Affiliation(s) : University of Delhi


Title : Pair Production of (44)-Brane De Sitter Universe: Kalb-Ramond Field Theory on a D5-Brane

Abstract

Cosmological analysis leading to a small positive vacuum energy density motivates an intense research

to explore de Sitter geometries with renewed perspectives. In the context, I have explored the Kalb-

Ramond field dynamics on a D4-brane in presence of a background string metric to describe a

cosmological pair production of 4-brane and anti 4-brane universe. Interestingly an emergent

gravitational 4-brane (or anti 4-brane) within a pair would be shown to describe a low energy

(perturbative) string vacuum in six dimensions in presence of a (non-perturbative) quantum correction by

a lower (p<5) dimensional Dp-brane underlying a geometric torsion curvature. Topological and

Schwarzschild de Sitter brane universes in six dimensions are obtained. Their characteristic thermal

behaviours are analysed in the presence of quantum effects.

Author(s) : Z.B. SIU, M.B.A. JALIL AND S.G. TAN



Title : Spin Hall Effect in the Luttinger Hamiltonian

Abstract

The Luttinger Hamiltonian [1] 𝐻𝐻 = 12𝑚𝑚

� �𝛾𝛾1 + 52𝛾𝛾2� 𝑘𝑘2 − 2𝛾𝛾2 �𝑘𝑘�⃗ ⋅ 𝑆𝑆�

2� is often used to describe the

valence bands of a large class of a large class of semiconductors, including Si, Ge, GaAs and InSb.

Here, the Sis are the spin-3/2 matrices. The spin 3/2 is a consequence of the coupling of the spin

angular momentum s=1/2 of the charge carriers, with the orbital angular momentum of the p-like states

with orbital angular momentum 𝐿𝐿 = ℏ.

Murakami and co-authors had previously studied the total (spin + orbital) angular momentum current

induced by an electric field [2]. Here, we focus solely on the spin current resulting from the Luttinger

Hamiltonian, rather than the total (spin + orbital) angular momentum current. To do this, we break

apart the `spin orbital interaction' part of the Luttinger Hamiltonian �𝑘𝑘�⃗ ⋅ 𝑆𝑆�2

into the spin and orbital

angular degrees of freedom. Denoting the 𝐿𝐿 = ℏ orbital angular momentum as 𝜆𝜆, we write 𝐻𝐻𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 =

�𝑘𝑘�⃗ ⋅ 𝑆𝑆�2

= 𝑏𝑏𝑠𝑠(𝜆𝜆)(𝑘𝑘�⃗ )⊗𝜎𝜎𝑠𝑠 where 𝑏𝑏𝑠𝑠

(𝜆𝜆)(𝑘𝑘�⃗ )denotes the 𝑘𝑘�⃗ -dependent operator acting on the 𝜆𝜆 degree of

freedom that goes with 𝜎𝜎𝑠𝑠 . The explicit forms of the 𝑏𝑏𝑠𝑠(𝜆𝜆)(𝑘𝑘�⃗ ) can be evaluated using the Clebsch-

Gordan coefficients. In this equation, we conceptually treat the orbital degree of freedom as a 3-state

`pseudospin’ and the 𝑏𝑏�⃗ (𝜆𝜆) as an effective magnetization acting on the spin degree of freedom. We now

evaluate 𝑏𝑏𝑠𝑠 = ⟨�𝑏𝑏𝑠𝑠(𝜆𝜆) ⨂𝐼𝐼𝜎𝜎�⟩with respect to the eigenstates of 𝐻𝐻𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠to find the effective magnetization. -

We find that for the hole states with eigen-energy 94

𝑘𝑘2 have an effective magnetization 𝑏𝑏�⃗ =

−(𝑘𝑘𝑥𝑥,𝑘𝑘𝑦𝑦, 0 )/�𝑘𝑘�⃗ � acting on the spin degree of freedom. Invoking the usual gauge transform argument

regarding the diagonalization of the momentum-dependent spin-orbit interaction field in the presence

of an electric field [3,4,5], we obtain an out of plane spin polarization proportional to 𝑏𝑏� × 𝜕𝜕𝑡𝑡 𝑏𝑏� =

1𝑘𝑘2�𝑘𝑘𝑦𝑦 𝐸𝐸𝑥𝑥 − 𝑘𝑘𝑥𝑥𝐸𝐸𝑦𝑦�.

References

[1] J.M. Luttinger, Phys. Rev. 102, 1030 (1956).

[2] S. Murakami, N. Nagaosa and S-C Zhang, Science 301, 1348 (2003).

[3] T. Fujita, M.B.A. Jalil and S.G. Tan, J. Appl. Phys. 110, 121301 (2011).

[4] S.G. Tan and M.B.A. Jalil, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 82, 094714 (2013).

[5] T. Fujita, M.B.A. Jalil and S.G. Tan, New J. Phys. 12, 013016 (2010).

- 43 -

Author(s) : Kazunari SHIMA and Motomu TSUDA

Affiliation(s) : Saitama Institute of Technology


Title : Nonlinear Supersymmetric General Relativity Theory and Unity of Nature II

Abstract

We show that the nonlinear SUSY composed of Nambu-Goldstone(NG) fermion is simply unified with

general relativity theory and produces NLSUSY invariant Einstein-Hilbert type action Nonlinear

Supersymmetric General Relativity (NLSUSYGR) equipped with the cosmological term for space-time

and matter, which gives a new paradigm for the SUSY unification with the robust SUSY breaking

mechanism. The Standard Model (SM) of the low energy particle physics appears in the true vacuum of

NLSUSYGR as the effective theory composed of NG fermion, which naturally bridges the cosmology and

the low energy particle physics and gives new insights into unsolved problems of particle physics, e.g.

the dark energy density, the neutrino mass, the three-generation structure of quarks and leptons, the

chirality and some mysterious relations among them. NLSUSYGR may give a qualitative and quantitative

description of a new phase before/around the big bang era which continues naturally to the present big

bang cosmology. We give a quick review of the basics of NLSUSYGR and discuss new results.




Title : Pair Production of (44)-Brane De Sitter Universe: Kalb-Ramond Field Theory on a D5-Brane

Abstract

Cosmological analysis leading to a small positive vacuum energy density motivates an intense research

to explore de Sitter geometries with renewed perspectives. In the context, I have explored the Kalb-

Ramond field dynamics on a D4-brane in presence of a background string metric to describe a

cosmological pair production of 4-brane and anti 4-brane universe. Interestingly an emergent

gravitational 4-brane (or anti 4-brane) within a pair would be shown to describe a low energy

(perturbative) string vacuum in six dimensions in presence of a (non-perturbative) quantum correction by

a lower (p<5) dimensional Dp-brane underlying a geometric torsion curvature. Topological and

Schwarzschild de Sitter brane universes in six dimensions are obtained. Their characteristic thermal

behaviours are analysed in the presence of quantum effects.

Author(s) : Z.B. SIU, M.B.A. JALIL AND S.G. TAN



Title : Spin Hall Effect in the Luttinger Hamiltonian

Abstract

The Luttinger Hamiltonian [1] 𝐻𝐻 = 12𝑚𝑚

� �𝛾𝛾1 + 52𝛾𝛾2� 𝑘𝑘2 − 2𝛾𝛾2 �𝑘𝑘�⃗ ⋅ 𝑆𝑆�

2� is often used to describe the

valence bands of a large class of a large class of semiconductors, including Si, Ge, GaAs and InSb.

Here, the Sis are the spin-3/2 matrices. The spin 3/2 is a consequence of the coupling of the spin

angular momentum s=1/2 of the charge carriers, with the orbital angular momentum of the p-like states

with orbital angular momentum 𝐿𝐿 = ℏ.

Murakami and co-authors had previously studied the total (spin + orbital) angular momentum current

induced by an electric field [2]. Here, we focus solely on the spin current resulting from the Luttinger

Hamiltonian, rather than the total (spin + orbital) angular momentum current. To do this, we break

apart the `spin orbital interaction' part of the Luttinger Hamiltonian �𝑘𝑘�⃗ ⋅ 𝑆𝑆�2

into the spin and orbital

angular degrees of freedom. Denoting the 𝐿𝐿 = ℏ orbital angular momentum as 𝜆𝜆, we write 𝐻𝐻𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 =

�𝑘𝑘�⃗ ⋅ 𝑆𝑆�2

= 𝑏𝑏𝑠𝑠(𝜆𝜆)(𝑘𝑘�⃗ )⊗𝜎𝜎𝑠𝑠 where 𝑏𝑏𝑠𝑠

(𝜆𝜆)(𝑘𝑘�⃗ )denotes the 𝑘𝑘�⃗ -dependent operator acting on the 𝜆𝜆 degree of

freedom that goes with 𝜎𝜎𝑠𝑠 . The explicit forms of the 𝑏𝑏𝑠𝑠(𝜆𝜆)(𝑘𝑘�⃗ ) can be evaluated using the Clebsch-

Gordan coefficients. In this equation, we conceptually treat the orbital degree of freedom as a 3-state

`pseudospin’ and the 𝑏𝑏�⃗ (𝜆𝜆) as an effective magnetization acting on the spin degree of freedom. We now

evaluate 𝑏𝑏𝑠𝑠 = ⟨�𝑏𝑏𝑠𝑠(𝜆𝜆) ⨂𝐼𝐼𝜎𝜎�⟩with respect to the eigenstates of 𝐻𝐻𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠to find the effective magnetization. -

We find that for the hole states with eigen-energy 94

𝑘𝑘2 have an effective magnetization 𝑏𝑏�⃗ =

−(𝑘𝑘𝑥𝑥,𝑘𝑘𝑦𝑦, 0 )/�𝑘𝑘�⃗ � acting on the spin degree of freedom. Invoking the usual gauge transform argument

regarding the diagonalization of the momentum-dependent spin-orbit interaction field in the presence

of an electric field [3,4,5], we obtain an out of plane spin polarization proportional to 𝑏𝑏� × 𝜕𝜕𝑡𝑡 𝑏𝑏� =

1𝑘𝑘2�𝑘𝑘𝑦𝑦 𝐸𝐸𝑥𝑥 − 𝑘𝑘𝑥𝑥𝐸𝐸𝑦𝑦�.

References

[1] J.M. Luttinger, Phys. Rev. 102, 1030 (1956).

[2] S. Murakami, N. Nagaosa and S-C Zhang, Science 301, 1348 (2003).

[3] T. Fujita, M.B.A. Jalil and S.G. Tan, J. Appl. Phys. 110, 121301 (2011).

[4] S.G. Tan and M.B.A. Jalil, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 82, 094714 (2013).

[5] T. Fujita, M.B.A. Jalil and S.G. Tan, New J. Phys. 12, 013016 (2010).

- 44 -

Author(s) : F.E. CANFORA, D. DUDAL, I.F. JUSTO, P. PAIS, L. ROSA, D.

VERCAUTEREN

Affiliation(s) : Centro de Estudios Científicos, KU Leuven Kulak, Ghent University, Rio de Janeiro State University, University of Naples Federico II, l’Istituto Italiano di Fisica Nucleare, Duy Tan University


Title : The Polyakov Loop in the Gribov-Zwanziger Formalism

Abstract

The Gribov-Zwanziger (GZ) formalism was developed as an improvement to the usual Faddeev-Popov

gauge fixing formalism. In this GZ formalism the gauge fixed path integral is restricted to the Gribov

region to get rid of (most of) the Gribov copies plaguing Yang-Mills theory in covariant gauges. In this

work we compute the vacuum expectation value of the Polyakov loop in the GZ formalism at finite

temperature in order to investigate the phase diagram and the link between the improved GZ gauge

fixing and confinement.

Author(s) : Chi XIONG

Affiliation(s) : IAS, Nanyang Technological University


Title : Decomposition of Yang-Mill Theory and its Applications in QCD

Abstract

The (abelian) decomposition of Yang-Mills theory (Cho, Duan-Ge, Faddeev-Niemi) is applied to QCD

to study the problems of confinement, chiral-symmetry breaking and topological charge. The U(1)

problem and strong CP problem are re-examined and a new solution is proposed. Possible

applications in cosmology are also addressed.

Author(s) : Fangzhou ZHANG



Title : Measurement of the Higgs Boson Coupling Strength in the ATLAS

Experiment

Abstract

The combined measurement of the Higgs boson coupling strength using full run I data sample

recorded by the ATLAS detector is presented, which includes the results of the H→γγ, ZZ*, WW*, Zγ,

ττ, bb and μμ decay modes as well as the constraints on the associated production with a top quark

pair and on the off-shell coupling strengths of the Higgs boson. The combined signal strength is 1.18

± 0.10 (stat.) ±0.07 (expt.) +0.08-0.07 (theo.) and the observed data are found to be compatible with

the Standard Model expectations of a Higgs boson for all models considered.

- 45 -

Author(s) : F.E. CANFORA, D. DUDAL, I.F. JUSTO, P. PAIS, L. ROSA, D.

VERCAUTEREN

Affiliation(s) : Centro de Estudios Científicos, KU Leuven Kulak, Ghent University, Rio de Janeiro State University, University of Naples Federico II, l’Istituto Italiano di Fisica Nucleare, Duy Tan University


Title : The Polyakov Loop in the Gribov-Zwanziger Formalism

Abstract

The Gribov-Zwanziger (GZ) formalism was developed as an improvement to the usual Faddeev-Popov

gauge fixing formalism. In this GZ formalism the gauge fixed path integral is restricted to the Gribov

region to get rid of (most of) the Gribov copies plaguing Yang-Mills theory in covariant gauges. In this

work we compute the vacuum expectation value of the Polyakov loop in the GZ formalism at finite

temperature in order to investigate the phase diagram and the link between the improved GZ gauge

fixing and confinement.

Author(s) : Chi XIONG

Affiliation(s) : IAS, Nanyang Technological University


Title : Decomposition of Yang-Mill Theory and its Applications in QCD

Abstract

The (abelian) decomposition of Yang-Mills theory (Cho, Duan-Ge, Faddeev-Niemi) is applied to QCD

to study the problems of confinement, chiral-symmetry breaking and topological charge. The U(1)

problem and strong CP problem are re-examined and a new solution is proposed. Possible

applications in cosmology are also addressed.

Author(s) : Fangzhou ZHANG



Title : Measurement of the Higgs Boson Coupling Strength in the ATLAS

Experiment

Abstract

The combined measurement of the Higgs boson coupling strength using full run I data sample

recorded by the ATLAS detector is presented, which includes the results of the H→γγ, ZZ*, WW*, Zγ,

ττ, bb and μμ decay modes as well as the constraints on the associated production with a top quark

pair and on the off-shell coupling strengths of the Higgs boson. The combined signal strength is 1.18

± 0.10 (stat.) ±0.07 (expt.) +0.08-0.07 (theo.) and the observed data are found to be compatible with

the Standard Model expectations of a Higgs boson for all models considered.

- 46 -

Abstracts | Poster Presentations

Author(s) : Diane ANSERMET, Alexander P. PETROVIĆ, Shikun HE, Christos

PANAGOPOULOS

Affiliation(s) : Nanyang Technological University


Title : Reentrant Josephson Coupling in a Quasi-One-Dimensional Superconductor

Abstract

The short coherence lengths characteristic of low-dimensional superconductors are associated with

usefully high critical fields or temperatures. Unfortunately, such materials are often sensitive to

disorder and suffer from phase fluctuations in the superconducting order parameter which diverge with

temperature T, magnetic field H or current I. We propose a new approach to overcome synthesis and

fluctuation problems: building superconductors from inhomogeneous composites of nanofilaments.

Macroscopic crystals of quasi-one-dimensional Na2-δMo6Se6 featuring Na vacancy disorder (δ~0.2) are

shown to behave as percolative networks of superconducting nanowires. Transverse Josephson

coupling establishes long range order via a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition, yet phase

coherence remains unstable to fluctuations in the zero-(T, H, I) limit. However, upon raising (T, H, I) a

region of reentrant phase coherence emerges due to electron delocalisation, coinciding with a peak in

the calculated Josephson energy. Na2-δMo6Se6 is a blueprint for a new generation of nanofilamentary

superconductors with inbuilt resilience to phase fluctuations at elevated (T, H, I).

Author(s) : David ADAMS, Reetabrata HAR, Yiyang JIA, Christian ZIELINSKI



Title : Continuum Limit of the Chiral Anomaly of Staggered Overlap Fermions

Abstract

We calculate the continuum limit of the chiral anomaly of a two-flavor version of staggered overlap

fermions.

The staggered overlap fermion operator is constructed as an overlap operator, with the kernel being a

staggered Wilson operator instead of the conventional Dirac-Wilson operator. To make sure this

operator is a good candidate for the continuum QCD physics, one important aspect to be checked is

that the continuum chiral anomaly can be reproduced from the operator.

The chiral anomaly of the staggered overlap operator can be shown to be its trace by the well-known

Fujikawa method. We calculate this trace via a power series expansion with respect to the lattice

spacing, and show it converges to the standard chiral anomaly in the continuum limit.

- 47 -

Author(s) : Diane ANSERMET, Alexander P. PETROVIĆ, Shikun HE, Christos

PANAGOPOULOS



Title : Reentrant Josephson Coupling in a Quasi-One-Dimensional Superconductor

Abstract

The short coherence lengths characteristic of low-dimensional superconductors are associated with

usefully high critical fields or temperatures. Unfortunately, such materials are often sensitive to

disorder and suffer from phase fluctuations in the superconducting order parameter which diverge with

temperature T, magnetic field H or current I. We propose a new approach to overcome synthesis and

fluctuation problems: building superconductors from inhomogeneous composites of nanofilaments.

Macroscopic crystals of quasi-one-dimensional Na2-δMo6Se6 featuring Na vacancy disorder (δ~0.2) are

shown to behave as percolative networks of superconducting nanowires. Transverse Josephson

coupling establishes long range order via a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition, yet phase

coherence remains unstable to fluctuations in the zero-(T, H, I) limit. However, upon raising (T, H, I) a

region of reentrant phase coherence emerges due to electron delocalisation, coinciding with a peak in

the calculated Josephson energy. Na2-δMo6Se6 is a blueprint for a new generation of nanofilamentary

superconductors with inbuilt resilience to phase fluctuations at elevated (T, H, I).

Author(s) : David ADAMS, Reetabrata HAR, Yiyang JIA, Christian ZIELINSKI



Title : Continuum Limit of the Chiral Anomaly of Staggered Overlap Fermions

Abstract

We calculate the continuum limit of the chiral anomaly of a two-flavor version of staggered overlap

fermions.

The staggered overlap fermion operator is constructed as an overlap operator, with the kernel being a

staggered Wilson operator instead of the conventional Dirac-Wilson operator. To make sure this

operator is a good candidate for the continuum QCD physics, one important aspect to be checked is

that the continuum chiral anomaly can be reproduced from the operator.

The chiral anomaly of the staggered overlap operator can be shown to be its trace by the well-known

Fujikawa method. We calculate this trace via a power series expansion with respect to the lattice

spacing, and show it converges to the standard chiral anomaly in the continuum limit.

- 48 -

Author(s) : Chonfai KAM



Title : Cosmological Analogue of the Classical Adiabatic Angle

Abstract

In recent years, considerable interest has been focused on analogue gravity that investigates analogy

of general relativity in other branches of physics. Analogue gravity is of interest for a number of

reasons: first, because it provides simple models in condensed matter systems for complicated

processes in general relativity; second, and probably more importantly, these analogue models may

suggest novel ways of quantizing gravity, in which the current difficulties can largely be avoided; and

third, ideas associated with general relativity may clarify some subtle issues in condensed matter

physics.

Author(s) : Chang Jian KWONG (1), Leong Chuan KWEK (1,2,3)

Affiliation(s) : (1) Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore

(2) IAS, Nanyang Technological University

(3) National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University


Title : Weak Measurement and Quantum Measurement Reversal in

Complementarity Principle

Abstract

Quantum Coherence is essential in implementation of quantum gates and quantum computation.

However, the presence of decoherence causes degradation of quantum coherence. In previous work

by Y-S Kim et. al. it is found that weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal are able to

protect entanglement from decoherence. Hence, here we investigate the ability of weak measurement

and quantum measurement reversal in protecting quantum coherence against decoherence in

interferometry systems. The complementarity principle acts as a measure for quantum coherence

here.

Author(s) : Thi Ha KYAW (1), Ying LI (2), Leong Chuan KWEK (1,3,4)


(2) University of Oxford




Title : Measurement-based Quantum Computation with Two-body Qubits via

Adiabatic Evolution

Abstract

A cluster state suitable for quantum computation cannot arise as the exact ground state of any

Hamiltonian involving only local two-body interactions. Here, we propose the creation of a cluster state

of logical qubits encoded in spin-1/2 particles by adiabatically weakening two-body interactions. The

proposal is valid for any spatial dimensional cluster states. Errors induced by thermal fluctuations and

adiabatic evolution within finite time can be eliminated ensuring fault-tolerant quantum computing

schemes.




Title : Pair Production of (44)-Brane de Sitter Universe: Kalb-Ramond Field Theory

on a D5-Brane

Abstract

Cosmological analysis leading to a small positive vacuum energy density motivates an intense

research to explore de Sitter geometries with renewed perspectives. In the context, I have explored

the Kalb-Ramond field dynamics on a D4-brane in the presence of a background string metric to

describe a cosmological pair production of 4-brane and anti 4-brane universe. Interestingly an

emergent gravitational 4-brane (or anti 4-brane) within a pair would be shown to describe a low energy

(perturbative) string vacuum in six dimensions in the presence of a (non-perturbative) quantum

correction by a lower (p<5) dimensional Dp-brane underlying a geometric torsion curvature.

Topological and Schwarzschild de Sitter brane universes in six dimensions are obtained. Their

characteristic thermal behaviours are analysed in the presence of quantum effects.

- 49 -

Author(s) : Chonfai KAM



Title : Cosmological Analogue of the Classical Adiabatic Angle

Abstract

In recent years, considerable interest has been focused on analogue gravity that investigates analogy

of general relativity in other branches of physics. Analogue gravity is of interest for a number of

reasons: first, because it provides simple models in condensed matter systems for complicated

processes in general relativity; second, and probably more importantly, these analogue models may

suggest novel ways of quantizing gravity, in which the current difficulties can largely be avoided; and

third, ideas associated with general relativity may clarify some subtle issues in condensed matter

physics.

Author(s) : Chang Jian KWONG (1), Leong Chuan KWEK (1,2,3)





Title : Weak Measurement and Quantum Measurement Reversal in

Complementarity Principle

Abstract

Quantum Coherence is essential in implementation of quantum gates and quantum computation.

However, the presence of decoherence causes degradation of quantum coherence. In previous work

by Y-S Kim et. al. it is found that weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal are able to

protect entanglement from decoherence. Hence, here we investigate the ability of weak measurement

and quantum measurement reversal in protecting quantum coherence against decoherence in

interferometry systems. The complementarity principle acts as a measure for quantum coherence

here.

Author(s) : Thi Ha KYAW (1), Ying LI (2), Leong Chuan KWEK (1,3,4)


(2) University of Oxford




Title : Measurement-based Quantum Computation with Two-body Qubits via

Adiabatic Evolution

Abstract

A cluster state suitable for quantum computation cannot arise as the exact ground state of any

Hamiltonian involving only local two-body interactions. Here, we propose the creation of a cluster state

of logical qubits encoded in spin-1/2 particles by adiabatically weakening two-body interactions. The

proposal is valid for any spatial dimensional cluster states. Errors induced by thermal fluctuations and

adiabatic evolution within finite time can be eliminated ensuring fault-tolerant quantum computing

schemes.




Title : Pair Production of (44)-Brane de Sitter Universe: Kalb-Ramond Field Theory

on a D5-Brane

Abstract

Cosmological analysis leading to a small positive vacuum energy density motivates an intense

research to explore de Sitter geometries with renewed perspectives. In the context, I have explored

the Kalb-Ramond field dynamics on a D4-brane in the presence of a background string metric to

describe a cosmological pair production of 4-brane and anti 4-brane universe. Interestingly an

emergent gravitational 4-brane (or anti 4-brane) within a pair would be shown to describe a low energy

(perturbative) string vacuum in six dimensions in the presence of a (non-perturbative) quantum

correction by a lower (p<5) dimensional Dp-brane underlying a geometric torsion curvature.

Topological and Schwarzschild de Sitter brane universes in six dimensions are obtained. Their

characteristic thermal behaviours are analysed in the presence of quantum effects.

- 50 -

Author(s) : Jing Long TAN

Affiliation(s) : Oxford University


Title : Choosing Appropriate Gauge Groups

Abstract

C. N. Yang and R. L. Mills (1954) formulated a theory of local gauge invariance on the isospin doublet

(p,n)T. Due to its prediction of massless vector bosons - which are not observed in nature - the theory

laid dormant initially; nevertheless, it was reinstated by Glashow, Weinberg and Salam in electroweak

unification, then again by Gell-Mann and Ne’eman in the Eightfold Way. Today, the framework

suggested by them, eponymously known as the Yang-Mills Theories, provides the mathematical

formalism of what we now know as The Standard Model. This poster investigates the choice of gauge

groups in the development of the GWS theory, as well as quantum chromodynamics, and speculates a

priori reason, if any, for the choice of the gauge groups.

Author(s) : Christian ZIELINSKI and David H. ADAMS



Title : Accelerating Lattice QCD Simulations with Staggered Wilson Fermions

Abstract

Due to the high cost of simulating lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) with sufficient accuracy,

there is a wide interest in increasing computational efficiency by algorithmic improvements. In this

work we investigate the properties of staggered Wilson fermions, a novel fermion discretization. While

the theoretical properties are similar to usual Wilson fermions, they are expected to be computationally

significantly more efficient and thus able to speed up lattice QCD simulations. To this end we show

that staggered Wilson fermions are 4-6 times cheaper for inverting the Dirac matrix on a source in a

quenched QCD background field. In addition we discuss results on the low-lying spectrum of the

corresponding Dirac operator. This spectrum is of interest as it is tightly connected to the

computational efficiency of staggered overlap fermions, a closely related novel fermion formulation.

Useful Telephone Numbers Emergency Numbers Police: 999 Ambulance: 995 Fire Brigade: 995 Tourist Information Hotline: 1800 736 2000 [Toll-free in Singapore only, operates Monday to Friday (excluding Public Holidays), 9am to 6pm.] Medical services Gethin-Jones Medical Practice Pte Ltd It is located at the University Health Service Building (formerly known as International House), beside the Student Services Centre

36 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639801 Tel: 6793 6974 6793 6828

Healthway Medical Group (next to Jurong Point Shopping Mall)

Blk 690 Jurong West Central 1, #01-193, Singapore 640690 Tel: 6792 1812 6791 5719

Silver Cross Family Clinic Blk 502 Jurong West Ave 1, #01-803, Singapore 640502 Tel: 6899 2141

Taxi services NTUC Comfort 6552 1111 City Cab 6552 2222 SMRT Taxis 6555 8888 TransCab 6555 3333 Premier Taxis 6363 6888 Prime Taxi 6778 0808 Yellow-Top Taxi 6293 5545

- 51 -

Author(s) : Jing Long TAN

Affiliation(s) : Oxford University


Title : Choosing Appropriate Gauge Groups

Abstract

C. N. Yang and R. L. Mills (1954) formulated a theory of local gauge invariance on the isospin doublet

(p,n)T. Due to its prediction of massless vector bosons - which are not observed in nature - the theory

laid dormant initially; nevertheless, it was reinstated by Glashow, Weinberg and Salam in electroweak

unification, then again by Gell-Mann and Ne’eman in the Eightfold Way. Today, the framework

suggested by them, eponymously known as the Yang-Mills Theories, provides the mathematical

formalism of what we now know as The Standard Model. This poster investigates the choice of gauge

groups in the development of the GWS theory, as well as quantum chromodynamics, and speculates a

priori reason, if any, for the choice of the gauge groups.

Author(s) : Christian ZIELINSKI and David H. ADAMS



Title : Accelerating Lattice QCD Simulations with Staggered Wilson Fermions

Abstract

Due to the high cost of simulating lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) with sufficient accuracy,

there is a wide interest in increasing computational efficiency by algorithmic improvements. In this

work we investigate the properties of staggered Wilson fermions, a novel fermion discretization. While

the theoretical properties are similar to usual Wilson fermions, they are expected to be computationally

significantly more efficient and thus able to speed up lattice QCD simulations. To this end we show

that staggered Wilson fermions are 4-6 times cheaper for inverting the Dirac matrix on a source in a

quenched QCD background field. In addition we discuss results on the low-lying spectrum of the

corresponding Dirac operator. This spectrum is of interest as it is tightly connected to the

computational efficiency of staggered overlap fermions, a closely related novel fermion formulation.

Useful Telephone Numbers Emergency Numbers Police: 999 Ambulance: 995 Fire Brigade: 995 Tourist Information Hotline: 1800 736 2000 [Toll-free in Singapore only, operates Monday to Friday (excluding Public Holidays), 9am to 6pm.] Medical services Gethin-Jones Medical Practice Pte Ltd It is located at the University Health Service Building (formerly known as International House), beside the Student Services Centre

36 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639801 Tel: 6793 6974 6793 6828

Healthway Medical Group (next to Jurong Point Shopping Mall)

Blk 690 Jurong West Central 1, #01-193, Singapore 640690 Tel: 6792 1812 6791 5719

Silver Cross Family Clinic Blk 502 Jurong West Ave 1, #01-803, Singapore 640502 Tel: 6899 2141

Taxi services NTUC Comfort 6552 1111 City Cab 6552 2222 SMRT Taxis 6555 8888 TransCab 6555 3333 Premier Taxis 6363 6888 Prime Taxi 6778 0808 Yellow-Top Taxi 6293 5545

- 52 -

Directional map to Nanyang Auditorium (Venue for Public Lecture) Public Lecture on 25 May 2015 (Monday), 5pm Transportation to the Nanyang Auditorium will be arranged for all conference participants. Please assemble at the Nanyang Executive Centre (NEC) Guest Wing Lobby at 4.30pm. For reference: The directional map from Nanyang Executive Centre (NEC) to Nanyang Auditorium

Walk from the Nanyang Executive Centre (A) using the covered walkway to the bus stop beside Canteen 2. Take the free shuttle bus "Campus Rider". Alight at the second bus stop (opposite the Admin Building). The Nanyang Auditorium (B) is beside the Admin Building. For the return trip to NEC, please take the free shuttle bus from the bus stop (opposite the Admin Building), and alight at the bus stop opposite Canteen 2. Walk to NEC (A) using the covered walkway.

- 53 -

Directional map to Nanyang Auditorium (Venue for Public Lecture) Public Lecture on 25 May 2015 (Monday), 5pm Transportation to the Nanyang Auditorium will be arranged for all conference participants. Please assemble at the Nanyang Executive Centre (NEC) Guest Wing Lobby at 4.30pm. For reference: The directional map from Nanyang Executive Centre (NEC) to Nanyang Auditorium

Walk from the Nanyang Executive Centre (A) using the covered walkway to the bus stop beside Canteen 2. Take the free shuttle bus "Campus Rider". Alight at the second bus stop (opposite the Admin Building). The Nanyang Auditorium (B) is beside the Admin Building. For the return trip to NEC, please take the free shuttle bus from the bus stop (opposite the Admin Building), and alight at the bus stop opposite Canteen 2. Walk to NEC (A) using the covered walkway.

IASFORTHCOMING EVENTS

28 to 30 October 20152nd Asia Pacific Liberal ArtsEducation Conference Nanyang Executive Centre, NTU

4 to 6 November 2015International Workshop onHigh Spin Gauge Theories Nanyang Executive Centre, NTU

7 to 10 December 2015European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) Workshop School of Biological Sciences, NTU

17 to 21 January 20168th International Science Youth Forum with Nobel Laureates in Singapore Hwa Chong Institution

17 to 22 January 20164th Global Young Scientists Summit SUTD (Main Organiser: National Research Foundation)

18 to 29 January 2016School on Quantum Information Processing Nanyang Executive Centre, NTU

25 to 28 January 2016Memorial Meeting for Professor Abdus Salam’s 90th Birthday Nanyang Executive Centre, NTU

February 2016Conference in Honour of the 70th Birthday of Ahmed Zewail Nanyang Executive Centre, NTU

29 February to 4 March 2016Conference on New Physics at the Large Hadron Collider Nanyang Executive Centre, NTU

Institute of Advanced StudiesNanyang Executive Centre

Nanyang Technological University60 Nanyang View #02-18

Singapore 639673Tel: (65) 6790 6471, 6592 1880

Fax: (65) 6794 4941Website: http://www.ntu.edu.sg/ias

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Documents

Institute of Advanced Studies 60 Years · Institute of Advanced Studies ... Prof CN Yang and Prof TD Lee received the Nobel Prize in Physics for their ... Chen Ning Yang’s contributions