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Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Cypru
s
Czech
Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finlan
d
France
German
y
Greece
Hungary
Irelan
dLa
tvia
Netherla
nds
Poland
Portuga
l
Romania
Russia
Slova
kia
Slove
niaSp
ain
Sweden
United Kingd
om0
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100How often, if at all, do you worry about becoming a victim of violent crime? How safe do you – or – would you – feel walking alone in this area after dark?
Perc
enta
geInstitute for Social Development Studies,
Center for Studies of Incomes andLiving Standards
Anna Ermolina, Analyst ([email protected])Dr. Oxana Sinyavskaya, Leading research fellowMaria Varlamova, Research fellow
Active Ageing Index for Russia:issues of methodology
Data for Russian AAI:•Russian Population Census (2010)•Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (2011)•European Social Survey (2010, 2012)•Russian Generations and Gender Survey (2011)• “Comprehensive Monitoring of Living Conditions of the Population” (2011)•Human Mortality Database (2010)•Data of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (2010)
Rationality:• to test the applicability of international approach to measure active ageing in
Russia• to measure unused potential of the elderly in Russia
Data for European AAI:•EU Labour Force Survey (2010-2012)•European Quality of Life Survey (2012)•EU Survey of Income and Living Conditions (2010 и 2012)•European Social Survey (2010 и 2012)•Eurostat ICT Survey (2010 и 2012)•European Health & Life Expectancy Information System (2010 и 2012)
Research questions:1.To what extent can the Active Ageing Index be applied to Russian context and data?2.To what extent are the results obtained for Russia on the basis of existing data sources comparable with other countries
of the AAI?Data & MethodologyEuropean methodology of AAI: http://www1.unece.org/stat/platform/display/AAI/Active+Ageing+Index+Home
Country
ESS (2012), row % EQLS (2012), %
At least once a year
At least once every six months
At least once every three
months
At least once a month
At least once a week
At least every month
Belgium 35,8 28,3 24,2 20,5 11,7 16,4
Bulgaria 9,2 3,3 2,1 1,2 0,4 3,3
Czech Republic 21,8 11,2 7,7 5,2 1,1 12,9
Germany 47,9 37,9 34,9 29,1 14,8 18,3
Denmark 38,1 32,1 27,6 23,0 13,8 26,8
Estonia 13,8 8,4 6,9 5,7 3,0 6,8
Spain 53,4 39,0 30,4 22,8 6,6 9,6
France 33,0 27,5 24,8 21,9 12,8 23,2
United Kingdom 38,3 30,5 26,2 21,2 12,7 21,4
Hungary 17,0 8,2 4,7 3,1 1,3 6,1
Italy 39,2 26,8 21,4 18,1 7,5 14,9
Lithuania 19,2 7,1 3,2 1,5 0,1 6,0
Netherlands 52,0 46,2 42,4 38,0 27,3 30,5
Norway 62,5 45,3 37,4 28,3 9,9
Poland 11,8 7,8 5,8 3,2 1,9 4,8
Portugal 28,5 16,2 10,6 6,4 2,4 7,6
Sweden 38,3 24,5 21,2 16,9 6,5 30,7
Slovenia 25,1 21,5 16,9 12,9 6,0 10,1
Slovakia 40,2 17,4 9,5 6,0 1,6 5,0
Finland 41,7 26,8 19,6 13,1 5,3 25,5
Sensitivity of results to data sourceThe participation in voluntary activities of the elderly according to EQLS (2012) and ESS (2012)
The results of 4 domains for Russia in comparison with the best EU practice and EU average, %
Results & Discussion Sensitivity & robustness analysisThe position of Russia in countries ranking across 4 domains and AAI
The strengths of ageing in Russia:• High level of education of the elderly• Relatively high employment for people aged 65+• Active use Internet by the elderlyThe weaknesses of ageing in Russia:• Low participation in voluntary activities• Limited access to health and dental care• High prevalence of multigenerational families• High mortality & bad health• Poor mental well-being•Weak social connectedness• Lack of lifelong learning
EU28 average, % Russia, % The position of Russia in countries ranking
Employment 27,0 25,1 15
Participation in society 18,1 15,7 19
Independent and secure living 70,1 59,3 28
Capacity and enabling environment for active ageing 53,9 54,9 15
AAI 33,6 31,2 18
The main results1.The AAI of Russia equals 31.2% (the 18th place out of 29 countries) in 2010. 2.Limited sociological and social statistical information of active ageing in Russia:•No regular surveys focused on elderly population•Russia does not participate in international surveys except ESS (2006, 2008, 2010, 2012) and GGS (2004, 2007, 2011)•Only RLMS is (and GGS was) longitudinal survey
3.The indicators are sensitive to the data source and question wording.4.Several indicators (voluntary activities, social connectedness, independent living, both life expectancy and healthy life expectancy) do not represent the
elderly’s life satisfaction in Eastern European countries. In contrast, other aspects of life (public transportation, social care) contribute significantly to the elderly’s well-being in Russia.
Further steps of the research1.The development of new specific questions
based on AAI indicators for RLMS and Rosstat surveys.
2.The design of new AAI indicators for Russia and CIS countries.
BSPS Annual Conference 20157 – 9 September 2015
University of Leeds
The difference between answers to the questions varies from -0.3 percentage points (Finland) to 9.7 points (Spain) and -43.6 points (Latvia).
The sensitivity of results to question wordingThe prevalence of physical safety among the elderly population according to ESS (2010)
Employment
Participation in society
Independent and secure living
Capacity and enabling environment for active ageing 0
20
40
60
80
The best practice EU Russia
References1. Sidorenko, A, Zaidi, A 2012, “Active Ageing in CIS Countries: Semantics, Challenges, and Responses”, Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research, vol. 2013.2. UNECE / European Commission 2015, Active Ageing Index 2014: Analytical Report.3. WHO 2002, Active Ageing: A Policy Framework, Geneva, World Health Organization.4. Zaidi A 2014, Detailed Information on Indicators used for the Active Ageing Index 2014.5. Zaidi A, Gasior K, Hofmarcher M, Lelkes O, Marin B, Rodrigrues R, Schmidt A, Vanhuysse P, Zolyomi E 2013, Active Ageing Index 2012.Concept, Methodology and Final Results, Project: Active Ageing Index (AAI) UNECE Grant No: ECE/GC/2012/003.
AcknowledgmentsThe research was carried out within the Basic Research Program of the National Research University Higher School of Economics
