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Insects and Their Relatives
Section 30.3
Insect diversity
The largest group of animals Four important orders:
Coleoptera – ‘shield-winged’ like beetlesDiptera – ‘two-winged’ like fliesLepidoptera – ‘scale-winged’ like butterfliesHymenoptera – ‘membrane-winged’ like
wasps
Coleoptera
Green bottle fly
Butterflies
Ants
Insect Body Plan
1. Head – has mandibles, specialized mouthparts, one pair of antennae and usually 1 pair of compound eyes
2. Thorax – has three pairs of jointed walking legs; some without wings, others with 1 or 2 pairs of wings
3. Abdomen – has 9 – 11 segments
Insect body parts
Insect Life Cycle
Complete metamorphosis: Almost all insect species egg larva pupa in chrysalis adult Incomplete metamorphosis: egg nymph (several molts) adult
Insect Life Styles
Flight: Insects were the first animals to develop flight Wings develop from sacs of the body wall of the
thorax Most insects can fold their wings over the
abdomen – some cannot Social insects: Ants, bees, wasps, and termites Division of labor within the colony
Many insects can fly
Ants are social insects
Insect relatives
Centipedes –1 pair of legs per segment; carnivores
Millipedes – 2 pair of legs per segment; herbivores
Centipedes – 1 pair of legs/segment
Millipedes – 2 pairs of legs/segment