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Food safety
Better Training for Safer FoodInitiative
Insects & ABP
hot topic on cold blooded animals
Food safety
Why insects?
1
Food safety
Why insects?
• The EU protein gap (>70% food, >80% feed)
• Search ‘novel proteins’ (algae, duckweed, EU soy…)
• European protein plan
• Environmental
• Circularity
• Low-grade to high grade products
• Replacing less-durable feed materials2
3
FAO, edible insects:future prospects for food and feed security, 2013,
Food safety
Economic (future) perspective
• Potential sales volume EU:
• >80.000ton if 10% replacement of EU use of fishmeal in aquaculture
• >70.000ton if 1% of total volume of NL broiler feed is replaced (not allowed yet)
• …
• Todays EU production?
4
Food safety
5
Food safety
Before we start exploringthe legal framework
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Food safety
When are insect ‘farmed animals’?
So if one wants to use products for feed? OF/SI? Technical products? Waste treatment?
7
Food safety
• Invertebrates excluded from Animal Welfare Directive 98/58/EC =>NO EU-welfare rules.
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Food safety
Feed FOR
farmed insect
9
Food safety
Substrate for insects
• Substrate must meet all requirements as for other feed for farmed animals, including:
• Feedban (animal PROTEIN ban)
• Forbidden feed materials in substrate
• No unprocessed ABP (except for maggots for fishing baits)
• Dir 2002/32 limits contaminants
• Feed hygiene
• Feed marketing…10
Food safety
11
Farmed insectRuminant Processed Animal Proteins (PAP), including blood meal
Non-ruminants PAP, excluding blood meal
PAP from farmed insects (no cannibalism)
Blood meal (PAP) from non-ruminants, excluding aquatic animals (= fishmeal)
Fishmeal (PAP) (includes blood meal of aquatic animals)
Blood products from non-ruminants
Blood products from ruminants
Hydrolysed proteins from non-ruminants and/or ruminants hides and skins
Hydrolysed proteins other than those only derived from non-ruminants and/or
ruminants hides and skins
Gelatine and collagen from ruminants
Gelatine and collagen from non-ruminants
Di and tricalcium phosphate of animal origin
Egg, egg products, milk, milk products & colostrum
Animal proteins other than the above mentioned ones
Food safety
Non exhaustive list of not authorized feed materials
• Kitchen waste
• Faeces & digestive tract content
• Former foodstuffs with meat or fish
• Packaging material
• Treated wood
12
Food safety
Frass
13
Food safety
What is in the frass
• Insect excreta = manure (Cat2)
• Fragments of insects, eggs, larvae (Cat3)
• Undigested substrate (Cat3 or plant origin)
- frass is ABP
- needs processing before use (due to cat 3) 14
Food safety
InsectsAS
feed material
15
Food safety
16
Does the law allow feeding insects?
• Pre-authorisation like “novel feed”
needed?
• Not for feed materials
• Yes for additives
Food safety
Same as for any feed material (see substrate slide supra)
• They must meet
• Feedban (for insect PROTEIN)
• No unprocessed ABP = dead insects (except for special feeding purposes fur animals)
• Dir 2002/32 limits contaminants
• Feed hygiene
• Feed marketing…
17
Food safety
Feed catalogue
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Recently revised Catalogue of feed materials
(Regulation 2017/1017)
• Clarification that processed insects are covered
by the land animal products in chapter 9 (or
aquatic animals in 10) (explicit reference to "…
invertebrates other than species pathogenic to
humans and animals in all their life stages…")
• Mandatory indication of the life stage of the
insect from which the feed material is derived
• Differentiation between insects live and treated
Food safety
19
Insect PAP for farmed animals
• List of species
• Methods 1-5 or 7 in dedicated processing
plant
• Harmonized Import health certificate
Hermetia illucens(Black soldier fly )
Musca domestica(common housefly )
Tenebrio molitor(yellow
mealworm)
Alphitobius diaperinus(lesser
mealworm )
Acheta domesticus(house cricket )
Gryllodes sigillatus(banded cricket )
Gryllus assimilis (field
cricket )
Food safety
Can whole (dried) insects be a PAP?
• Yes, when using method 7
• No maximum size
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Food safety
21
Extr
act
of
RE 9
99/2
001
Prepare to vote
TXT 12
Internet12
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As regards the feedban: living insect can be given to
A. ruminants and non-rumantsB. ruminants, but NOT to non-ruminantsC. NOT to ruminants, but to non-rumantsD. NOT to ruminants and NOT to non-ruminants
Votes: 0
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As regards the feedban: living insect can be given to
Close
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A.
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ruminants and non-rumants
ruminants, but NOT to non-ruminants
NOT to ruminants, but to non-rumants
NOT to ruminants and NOT to non-ruminants
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Food safety
25
Feedban for farmed animals as regards insect feed materials
ruminant Non-ruminant
Aquaculture animals & fishing bait
Fur animals
Insect PAP
Insect Fat
Insect living ? ?
Food safety
26
Insects for petfood?
• Petfood with insects => RE 1069/2009 petfood plant
• can use insect fat or PAP of approved cat 3 processing or do heat treatment themselves
Food safety
links
• PROteINSECT project
• http://www.ipiff.org/
• EFSA opinion
https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/press/news/1510
08a
• FAO ““Edible insects: future prospects for food
and feed security”
• DG SANTE document: Strategic safety concept
for insects as feed
https://ec.europa.eu/food/sites/food/files/safety/
docs/animal-feed_marketing_concept-
paper_insects_201703.pdf
Food safety
Food safety
Better Training for Safer Food
BTSF
JVL Consulting s.a.
Rue Matagne 15
B-5020 Vedrin
Belgium
Website: http://btsf.euroconsultants.be/
European CommissionConsumers, Health, Agriculture and Food Executive Agency
DRB A3/042L-2920 Luxembourg