Innovative fusion projects supported by the International Atomic … · Innovative fusion projects supported by the International Atomic Energy Agency A. Malaquias, G. Mank, R. Clark

IAEA

Innovative fusion projects supported by the International Atomic Energy Agency

A. Malaquias, G. Mank, R. Clark , A. Nichols &

Participants of the IAEA CRPs

IAEA

Director General

Nuclear Sciences & Applications

Physical & Chemical Sciences

6 DEPARTMENTS

5 DIVISIONS

Physics4 SECTIONS

DG, Mr. El Baradei

DDG, Mr. Burkart

DIV-DIR, Mr. Ramamoorthy

Section Head, Mr. Mank Atomic & Nuclear Data

Section Head, Mr. Nichols

Nuclear Energy

DDG, Mr. Sokolov

acceleratorsresearch reactors

Nuclear instrumentationfusion

Fusion – where to find us!

IAEA

The three IAEA pillars

1. Promoting Safeguards & Verification2. Promoting Safety & Security3. Promoting Science & Technology

• Supporting research among Member States

• Foster and exchange scientific knowledge

• Transfer expertise among MS

IAEA

TOPICAL AREAS on FUSION

Magnetic ConfinementInertial ConfinementDense Magnetized Plasmas

Promoting Science & Technology

ADVISORY GROUPS

International Fusion Research Council (IFRC)IFRC sub-committee for Atomic & Nuclear Data

IAEA ACTIVITIES in FUSION

Technical Meetings

Coordinated Research Projects

Technical Cooperation Projects

Colaboration with ICTP

Conferences (Organiser/Sponsor)

Consultancy Meetings

Nuclear Fusion Journal,Technical Documents, World Survey

Atomic and Molecular Data for Fusion

(AMDIS, AMBDAS, ALADDIN)

ITER activities: News Letter

IAEA

Technical Meetings & Conferences

OBJECTIVES• Promote discussions and exchange of results on specific topics• Enhance the involvement of developing Member States (MS) into

main stream fusion research subjects• Communicate the results obtained under Coordinated Research

Projects• Fostering of scientific information through publication of

proceedings

Inertial Fusion SystemsSpherical ToriStellaratorsSmall Fusion Devices

Plasma Instabilities, Energetic Particles, H-mode and Transport Barriers, RF Heating, Negative Ion Beams, Power Plant Design, Fusion Safety, Steady State Operation, Remote Participation and Control, N&A Data

Topic Oriented Concept Oriented

IAEA

Technical Meetings & Conferences

Results

Summaries - overview of the research results in specific topics and recommendations for follow-up activitiesProceedings - technical details recordStreamline - through the International Advisory Committees

Fostering

IAEA CD-ROMs(80% citable/20% Working

Material)Scientific Journals(60 % ~ 200 publications/year)Databases

~ 700 – 800 participants

>35 MS

IAEA

Coordinated Research Projects - CRPs

161019

1412

10813

108

“Research Using Small Tokamaks”“Dense Magnetized Plasmas”“Pathways to Energy from Inertial Fusion – an integrated

approach” - NEW“Atomic and Molecular Data for Plasma Modeling” - NEW“Atomic Data for Heavy Element Impurities in Fusion Reactors”

- NEW

Labs.CountriesOn going CRPs

71 Laboratories from 28 different Member States(Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Czech Republic, Egypt, Estonia, France, Germany, Hungary, India, Iran, Italy, Japan, Korea (Rep.), Macedonia, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Singapore, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States of America, Uzbekistan).

IAEA

"Joint Research Using Small Tokamaks"

OVERALL OBJECTIVESUse the research potential of small tokamaks to:

Improve links between small and large experiments

Deeper the integration of small tokamaks in national, regional, and international fusion activities

Plasma confinement and energy transportPlasma stability in different magnetic configurationsPlasma turbulence and its impact on local and global parameters of plasmaProcesses at the plasma edge and plasma-wall interactionScenarios of additional heating and non-inductive current driveTest of new tools, materials and technologies as a test-bed for large machinesImprovement and development of diagnosticsExpertise development and capacity building

Research contribution on:

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7. Excellency Education, Capacity Building

8. Expertise exchange

9. Technology

exp theory tech. exp theory tech. exp theory tech. exp theory tech. exp theory tech. exp theory tech.

T-10

GUTTA

SUNIST

EGYPTOR

ETE

TCABR

ISTTOK

CASTOR

STOR_M

IR-T1

TUMAN-3M

FT-2

6. Control, data acquisition,

remote participation

3. Heating, current drive and plasma

formation

1. Core transport and turbulence

2. Edge physics, plasma surface interaction and

technology

4. MHD and control

5. Diagnostics development

200 research activities on-going

IAM – Individual Activity Matrix

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"Joint Research Using Small Tokamaks"JAM – Joint Activity Matrix

topics sub-topics T-10 GUTTA SUNIST EGYPTOR ETE TCABR ISTTOK CASTOR STOR_M IR-T1 joint studies involving several

devices

1.1H-mode studies

1.4Plasma rotation studies

2.1Edge turbulence in different tokamaks

2.2Studies of the effects of biasing induced electric field on plasma performance

2.6Liquid limiter studies in different devices

3.3Comparative studies and development of different non solenoid plasma formation

3.4ECCD for Steady state operation / AC discharges studies

3.5Modelling and experimental studies of start-up in tokamaks

7.2Participation of CRP members, PhD and Master students in joint studies

7.3Participation of undergraduate students in joint studies

1. Core transport and turbulence

7. Excellency Education, Capacity building

2. Edge physics, PSI and technology

3. Heating, CD and plasma formation

comparative studies / scaling laws / databases / dimensionless modeling

IAEA


ISTTOK (2007) edge studies with and without Ga liquid limiter,emissive probe edge polarization studiesplasma wall interactionAC operation and feedback controlnanostructure coating material H diffusion testsremote participation and remote operation (ini.)

JOINT EXPERIMENTSCASTOR (2005)

electrostatic edge turbulence structuremagnetic measurements using Hall sensorseffects of electrode biasingradiation fluctuations and profile measurements using fast bolometryinitiation of the development of standard interfaces for remote participation and data

exchange.

T-10 (2006) edge turbulence investigations with the electric probe techniquecore turbulence investigations with correlation reflectometrystudies of plasma potential fluctuations and radial electric field with HIBP diagnosticRemote participation & unification of data access

25 Ps.13 MS

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SCIENTIFIC CONTRIBUTION

63 communications to international conferences and meetings

71 papers in peer reviewed journals

4 papers under submission

OUTCOMESNetworking planning among CRP participants

Expertise and Equipment exchange with deliverable results

Self-sustained collaboration and coordination (IAC)

Website (developing)

Capacity Building through National and International collaborations

IAEA

“Dense Magnetized Plasmas”

Research contribution on:

OVERALL OBJECTIVESAssessment of driver technology of Plasma Focus (PF) devices

Solving of auxiliary systems and interface issues

Assessment and testing of new technologies and applications of Dense Magnetized Plasma (DMP) devices

Driver, Chambers and targets technology developmentPlasma target interactionDischarge physics and controlTheory and modellingDiagnosticsMaterials testingExpertise development and capacity building

IAEA


machine / topic

10. Expertise exchange,

Knowledge transfer

PF 10.0 (Russia) x x x x x x x xPF 6.0 (Poland) x x x x x x x x xFast Z-Pinch (China) x x x x xKSTAR NB (S. Korea) x x x x x x x xPF 1000 (Poland) x x x x x x x x x x x x x xUNU-PF, NX2-PF x x x x x xPF-Fe, PF-Bo (Italy) x x x x x x x xNIRPS (Romenia) x x x x x x x x xModelling (Estonia) x x x x x xGLOBUS-PG (Russia) x x x x x x x x

exp theory exp theory exp theory exp theory exp theory exp theory exp theory exp theory exp theory

1. Drivers 2. Chambers and targets

3. Interface Issues &

Plasma wall interactions

4. Discharge Physics and

control

5. Theory and

numerical modelling

6. Applications


8. Materials test and

development

9. Material post-

irradiation diagnostics

Individual Activity Matrix

117 research activities on-going

IAEA


Joint

Act.

Matrix

topics / device PF 10.0 (Russia)

PF 6.0 (Poland)

Fast Z-Pinch (China)

KSTAR NB (S. Korea)

PF 1000 (Poland)

UNU-PF, NX2-PF (Singapore

NIRPS (Romenia)

Modelling (Estonia)

GLOBUS-PG (Russia)

joint activity description

x x electrode geometry optimization

x xAnalysing basic kinetic and dinamic process in volume plasma sources for positive and negative ion generation

x x x Modified plasma gun operating in plasma focus regime for tokamak fuelling.

2. Chambers & targets x x x x Plasma focus chamber design for

efficient neutron production3. Interface Issues & Plasma wall interaction

x x x x xExperimental studies and modelling of induced physico-chemical processes into plasma and ion beam facing materials

5. Theory and numerical modelling

x x xNumerical modelling for plasma sheet acceleration and pinch-phases

x x x Comparative study of plasma focus driver geometries for neutron production

x x x Generation of intense ion beams from plasma focus devices

x x x Nano-second frame optical imaging of dense plasma

x x x xSurvey on soft X-ray diagnostics techniques for different dense magnetised plasma devices

x x Measurements of dense plasma focus protons using track detectors

x x x x xScaling law experiments for material irradiation with intense ion beams fom the ns to the s range pulse duration.

x x xApplication of dense plasma focus for investigation of advanced materials for fusion applications

9. Material post-irradiation diagnostics

x x xDiagnostic techniques for post irradiation analises of material damage.

10. Expertise exchange, Knowledge transfer

x x x x x x x x xJoint experiments, Post-, Under- graduated education,

8. Materials test and development

6. Applications

1. Drivers and Accelerators


IAEA

Devices, which have been designed, constructed and used by the participants during the CRP period

Two stage plasma gun for tokamak fuelling - tested in GUTTA tokamak

Plasma Focus 1000 (1 MJ) up-grade with one order of magnitude improved neutron yield

New plasma focus PF-6 (7 kJ) based on state-of-art technology to enable repetitive operation

New plasma focus PF-10 (13kJ) (capable of operating with sealed DT mixture chamber)

New small gas-puff Z-Pinch Plasma Device (0.18 kJ)

New reflex discharge Cs-H plasma source to produce high density negative ions

New ion source for the neutral beam injection system for KSTAR tokamak

New and improved diagnostic systems


Upgrade of X-wire pinch device (500kV/400kA/100ns)

IAEA


SCIENTIFIC CONTRIBUTION31 peer reviewed papers1 Special Issue (Nukleonika)38 conference communications

OUTCOMES

Networking planning among CRP participantsExpertise and Equipment exchange with deliverable resultsJoint ExperimentsCapacity Building through National and International collaborationsEnabling TC project

IAEA

Technical Cooperation Laboratory for Material Testing Based on Plasma Focus

3 National Consultant visits

1 Expert Visit

4 Fellowships (Italy, Germany and Ukraine)

2 Expert Meetings (12 Ps. 5 MS)

2 Joint Experiments (material samples: TORE-SUPRA and MAST)

1 Plasma School

Equipment

upgrade the existing research facility (plasma generators and diagnostic capabilities)

attract new partners to the existing international teaminvestigations on the interaction of intense plasma streams and ionizing

radiation with different materialseducate the next generation of plasma physicists and specialists in material

sciences

IAEA

IAEA

Technical CooperationLaboratory for Material Testing Based on Plasma Focus

Benefits

Device upgrade and new diagnostics

2 new researchers joint the team

Strengthening collaborations with the Technical University of Warsaw – Department of Materials

Establishment of membership - International Consortium for material testing

Participation in round robin experiments for testing ITER relevant materials

IAEA

What is innovative?

Supports main stream research and alternative fusion concepts developed worldwide (TMs, CRPs, TC)

Builds broad international research networks (CRPs, TC)

Bridges Small, Medium and Large tokamaks research (TMs, CRPs)

Supports coordinated experiments involving several devices (CRPs)

Catalyses the development of web based tools for remote participation (Consultancy, CRPs)

Implements Joint Experiments (CRPs) in small devices

IAEA

CRPs

TCProjects

ConferencesTechnical Meetings

Research ResultsDevices: Small,

Medium, Large

Research potential

in broad

international

collaboration

CapacityBuildingRequests

Synergies & Outreach