inJABABEKA

GPS INTRODUCTION & TRAINING

for JABABEKA Developer

By Technical Support Teamof

PT. ADHIMULIA INTERNIAGATAMA


03 Sep 2012


INTRODUCTION

GPS for Land Surveying

GPS history

GPS instruments*

GPS methode

GPS application


GPS HistoryA S mengembangkan teknologi satelit navigasi GPS(Global Positioning System) bernama NAVSTAR (1986)

Rusia mulai mengembangkan teknologi satelit bernama GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) 1982

Uni – Eropa mengembangkan sistem satelit navigasi bernama GALILEO pada tahun 2007

China mengembangkan teknologi satelit untuk navigasi bernama COMPASS pada tahun 2000

Prancis mengembangkan teknologi satelit navigasi bernama DORIS pada tahun 1990


GPS History


GPS History


GPS HistoryUplink antenna

Downlink antenna

Repeater

47o W171o W

85o E

~18-20o


GPS History


GPS Navigation

GPS Mapping

GPS Geodetic

GPS Instruments


GPS Instruments


GPS Instruments

GPS NavigasiGPS Navigasi hanya untuk kegiatan navigasi seperti :

1. menunjukkan jalan/arah (contohnya GPS Garmin

untuk kendaraan Mobil, Pesawat terbang, Kapal laut,

dsb),

2. merekam informasi suatu tempat/posisi

(contohnya Ashtech MobileMapper 10 untuk merekam

posisi sebuah tempat penting, misal restaurant, kita

mendapatkan koordinat dan foto lokasi)


GPS Instruments

GPS MappingFungsi utama dari GPS Mapping adalah sebagai berikut :

1.merekam informasi suatu tempat/posisi (contohnya

Ashtech MobileMapper 100 untuk merekam posisi

sebuah tempat penting, misal restaurant, kita

mendapatkan koordinat dan foto lokasi),

2.membuat peta tematik (contohnya Ashtech

MobileMapper 100 untuk membuat peta persebaran

rumah kos di kota Semarang).


GPS Instruments

GPS GeodetikGPS Geodetik dianggap sebagai GPS dengan kemampuan paling tinggi

dibandingkan dengan 2 tipe GPS sebelumnya. GPS Geodetik digunakan dalam

survei pemetaan seperti :

1. Survei pertambangan

2. Survei perkebunan, perumahan

3. Konstruksi jembatan dan jalan

4. Survei pengukuran titik kontrol (di perbatasan atau titik referensi

BAKOSURTANAL dan BPN)

5. Pengamatan fisis bendungan dan deformasi wilayah.


GPS Survey Methods

Static GPS Survey

Static GPS survey procedures allow various

systematic errors to be resolved when high accuracy

positioning is required. Static procedures are used to

measure baselines between stationary GPS receivers

by recording data over an extended period of time

during which the satellite geometry changes.Format data hasil


GPS Survey Methods


GPS Survey Methods

Fast-static GPS Surveys

Fast-static GPS surveys are similar to static GPS

surveys, but with shorter observation periods. Fast-

static GPS survey procedures require more advanced

equipment and data reduction techniques than static

GPS methods. Typically, the fast-static GPS method

should not be used for requiring horizontal accuracy

greater than 1: 100,000.Format data hasil


GPS Survey Methods


GPS Survey Methods

Kinematic GPS Surveys

Kinematic GPS surveys make use of two or more GPS receivers. At

least one receiver is set up over a known (reference) point and

remains stationary, while another (rover) receiver is moved from

point to point. All baselines are measured from the reference

receiver to the roving receiver. Kinematic GPS surveys can be

either continuous or stop and go." Stop and go station observation

periods are of short duration, typically under two minutes.

Kinematic GPS surveys are employed where third-order or lower

accuracy standards are applicable.Format data hasil


GPS Survey MethodsBisa ato

ga ni orang??


GPS Survey Methods

Real-Time GPS Surveys (Real-Time Kinematic)

Real-time GPS surveys are kinematic GPS surveys that are

performed with a radio data link between a reference receiver and

the roving receiver. The field survey is conducted like a kinematic

survey, except measurement data from the reference receiver is

transmitted to the roving receiver, enabling the rover to compute

it's position in real time. The distance between the reference

receiver and the rover is largely a function of your radio link.

However, the distance between the reference receiver and the

rover should not exceed 10 km. See section 6.4-4 and section 6.4-

5 for more detailed information on RTK.Format data hasil


GPS Survey Methods

CORS NTRIP


*GPS Errors


KESIMPULAN

Sistem GPS yang sering digunakan antara lain GPS (USA), GLONASS (RUS), GALILEO (EUR), SBAS (JPN).

Klasifikasi alat GPS a.l : NAVIGASI, MAPPING dan GEODETIK.

Metode survei GPS a.l : Static, Fast Static, Real Time Kinematik (RTK).Khusus metode RTK diperlukan koneksi antar receiver 1 (Base Station) dengan receiver yang lain (Rover Station), baik menggunakan UHF Radio maupun NTRIP (berbasis GPRS).

Data hasil pengukuran : Static / Fast Static = raw data, RTK = coordinates list (.crd)

CORS Station adalah Base Station yang beroperasi selama 24 jam non stop untuk menangkap sinyal/data satelit, menyimpan data satelit, streaming koreksi ke rover station (RTK).


TERIMA KASIH...

ARIEF YOGA PRATAMA082132984097

[email protected]



1 : 500.000Base Station

12.5 km


The meaning of NTRIP is Networked Transport of RTCM via Internet Protocol, and since September 2004 this protocol is a RTCM standard.

NTRIP is a protocol similar to the well known http, used for Internet navigation.Most of the time, data are in RTCM format but CMR/DBEN/LRK are also used.

NTRIP

CORS Station


CORS (Continuously Operating Reference Station)adalah sebuah teknologi berbasis satelit GNSS yang dimanfaatkan untuk berbagai aplikasi terkait penentuan posisi.

CORS Networkmerupakan jaring kerangka geodetik aktif berupa stasiunpermanen yang dilengkapi dengan receiver yang dapatmenerima sinyal dari satelit GPS dan satelit GNSS lainnya, yang beroperasi secara kontinyu selama dua puluh empat jam.





CORS Station

SERVER Download via USB

Publish

Low rate RINEX

Raw Data

High rate RINEXStreaming

RTCM2.x, 3x / CMR, CMR+WebSite

USER


Format Data

Menurut standar NGS, format data perekaman GPS :

- Raw GPS :input files : aaaaddds.xxx

- RINEX Navigation File :Input files: aaaaddds.yyn

- RINEX Observation File :Input files : aaaaddds.yyo

Keterangan : aaaa = alphanumeric 4-character station identifier, ddd = day of year, s = session, yy = year of observations, and xxx is the receiver-dependent file extension (e.g., .DAT, .EPH, .ION, .MES, etc.)

Contoh, RINEX data dari Base Station BEK0 pada sesi A tgl 22/07/12 adalah BEK0204A.12o and BEK0204A.12n

STATIC Methode


Format Data





Keterangan : aaaa = alphanumeric 4-character station identifier, ddd = day of year, s = session, yy = year of observations, and xxx is the receiver-dependent file extension (e.g., .DAT, .EPH, .ION, .MES, etc.)

Contoh, RINEX data dari Base Station BEK0 pada sesi A tgl 22/07/12 adalah BEK0204A.12o and BEK0204A.12n

FAST STATIC Methode


Format Data





Keterangan : aaaa = alphanumeric 4-character station identifier, ddd = day of year, s = session, yy = year of observations, and xxx is the receiver-dependent file extension (e.g., .DAT, .EPH, .ION, .MES, etc.)Contoh, RINEX data dari Base Station BEK0 pada sesi A tgl 22/07/12 adalah BEK0204A.12o and BEK0204A.12n

Kinematic Methode


Format Data





Keterangan : aaaa = alphanumeric 4-character station identifier, ddd = day of year, s = session, yy = year of observations, and xxx is the receiver-dependent file extension (e.g., .DAT, .EPH, .ION, .MES, etc.)Contoh, RINEX data dari Base Station BEK0 pada sesi A tgl 22/07/12 adalah BEK0204A.12o and BEK0204A.12n

RTK Methode

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