informe 10 general a2.docx

8/17/2019 informe 10 general a2.docx

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Tabla de contenido

Pág.

1. RESUMEN...................................................................................................2

2. INTRODUCCIÓN.........................................................................................3

3. FUNDAMENTO TEÓRICO.............................................................................4

4. DETALLES EXPERIMENTALES......................................................................6

4.1. MATERIALES Y REACTIVOS......................................................................6

4.2. PROCEDIMIENTO EXPERIMENTAL............................................................6

5. DISCUSIÓN DE RESULTADOS....................................................................10

6. CONCLUSIONES.......................................................................................10

7. RECOMENDACIONES................................................................................10

8. BIBLIORAF!A..........................................................................................11

". CUESTIONARIO........................................................................................12


2/18

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1. RESUMEN

E# $%&'()& *( (#('+%&,-/' ,-( %' ( '-+& #) %(''&() ,-/')'& # '&%%(+( (#'+%'. E ()$('# #) %(''&() %(*& $)&) *(

&*' ,-( $(%*( (#('+%&() (# &+%& (#(/(+& )( ('-(+% (%(*-'' '($+*& (#('+%&().

T((*& #&) (#('+%&*&) 9&*& '9+&*& #-:%() *&*( ; - & *( #&) (#('+%&() ( - %('' $&% (*( #&) (#('+%+&) )& #))-)+') '-&)) '&*-'+&%) *&*( )( *()$# #&) (#('+%&(). V(/&),-( #&) (#('+%&*&) )-#() )& (%+() ( - %('' $&% ()& & ;+(%'' $(%& () /9) $%&#( (# -)& *( (#('+%&*&) )-#().L $%/(% ($(%(' () # (#('+%)) *( # )-' *( I '& (# (#('+%&*&'% :%+& )-#( *&*( )( *)&' (# :- &%/*& ;*%&:(&

:)(&)& %(#9*&)( ( (# '9+&*& ( (# 9&*& +/ &*& '-&)& *('&% $%*&. D()$-) *( '* # ($(%(' )( %(+% - '+**('()% $% (


3/18

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2. INTRODUCCIÓN

C&/& ;(/&)


4/18

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3. UND!MENTO TEÓRICO

E"ECTRO#UIMIC!. E) - /+&*& *()($%' *( #&) (#(/(+&) ,-(&%/ - '&/$-()+& $#'*&

(#('+%'**J )( $%&*-'( ( $%/(% #-:%# *()'&/$&)' ( &() )(:-*& *(*


5/18

)


6/18


7/18

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4. DET!""ES EPERIMENT!"ES

4.1. M!TERI!"ES + RE!CTI/OS

%*## '& 6 +-&) *( ()&.

T-& ( U. P$(+ :%*-* *( 10 /#. M+% E%#(/((% *( 250 /#. V)& *( 250 /#. B-%(+ *( 50 /#. S&$&%+( -*& *( /(+#&.

A#/*.

4.2. PROCEDIMIENTO EPERIMENT!"

!. E"ECTRO"ISIS DE 0I .)M E"ECTRODOS INSO"U"ES.

P%/(%& )( '&' - '+** )-'(+( *( )-' *( I 05M ( (# +-&( U *( /&*& ,-( ##(:-( ;)+ 1 '/. $&% *(>& *( # $%+( )-$(%&%.

S( )+# (# $%+& *( (#('+%#)). L -(+( *( '&%%(+( *%('+ ='&+-?+(*%9 - $&+('# *( 12V. S( ;'( #) '&(&() (#'+%')'&%%()$&*(+() )( *(> +%)'-%%% # (#('+%#)) *-%+( 10 /-+&).

S( &)(%


8/18

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C& - :&+(%& )( (+%( 2/# *(# '9+&*& $% 2 +-&) *( ()& 1/# ('* +-&.

L-(:& - +-& *(# '9+&*& )( :%(: 4 :&+) *( (+#( # &+%&+-& )( #( *( 2 :&+) *( F(C#3 *( 0.1M.

F#/(+( (+%(% '& (# :&+(%& 1/# *( # )-' $%* *(# 9&*&


9/18

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L-(:& )( )' 10/# *(# '9+&*& )( # :%(: 3 :&+) *( %>*& *(/(+#& )( ++-# '& - )-' *( C# 0.1M ,-( &) * - *& *(/(+#&.

C. E"ECTRO"ISIS DE C'SO4 E"ECTRODOS INSO"U"ES.

S( (/$#( - )-' *( C-SO4 05M )( $%&'(*( )+#% (# (,-$&$% '&/(% # (#('+%#)). A,- )( -) 12V '& - +(/$& *( 10 /.

S( &)(%) *( - :) ()+( :) ()&:(&. M(+%) ,-( ( (# '9+&*& )( ()+9 *($&)+*& - )-)+'/%% ,-( () (# '&%( *( # )-'.


10/18

1

D( # )-' *&*( )( ('&+% ( (# 9&*& )( (+%( 2/# '& (#:&+(%& )( ##(&?. E)+& () $%'&/$%&% # $%()(' *(# .

D(# '9+&*& +/ )( )' 2/# '& (# :&+(%& )( ##(&. P%


11/18

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12/18

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). DISCUSIÓN DE RESU"T!DOS

V(/&) ,-( # /&/(+& *( $-%'% (# '&%( (# #/%( & (% #& ,-( )(*()+(:% )& # #/ *( '&%( '&) ,-( & *( )-'(*(% ()&() $&%,-( '&'/&) # %(-+% #&) (#('+%&*&) *(*& ,-( )( $&*% :((%% -'&%+& '%'-+&.

A)(:-%%)( *( ,-( # '&( ()+( '&%%('+/(+( '&'* **& ,-( )()+ # %(-+&) $&%,-( ()+& $%&


13/18

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5. I"IO,R!8!

• ;++$J.%#$.-+.(*-.%:%-$&)($(,(>*408.;+/# 24911921)• ;++$J()$'&'('.'&/#(G*(G%*G*-''&G(#('+%&/:(+'

24911921)

-/' ((%# R/&* C;: E*+&%# M' %G## U*'/(*' =2013? P9: 815

• -/' ((%# 8


15/18

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7. CUESTION!RIO

a Pa$a cada :$oce%o elect$olito en%a;ado en cla%e e%c$ibi$ la%%e'e %e :$od'cen en cada elect$odo ; la $eacci?nneta.

E"ECTRO"ISIS DE 0Cl elect$oli%i%in%ol'ble.

O*' =9&*&?J

−¿−¿→I

2+2e¿

2 I ¿

R(*-'' ='9+&*&?J

−¿−¿→H

2+2(OH )¿

2 H 2O+2e¿

R('' (+J−¿+2 H

2O→H

2(g)+ I 2 (g)2 I

¿

E"ECTRO"ISIS DE C'SO4 Elect$oli%i%in%ol'ble.

O*' =9&*&?J

−¿+¿+4 e¿

2 H 2O→O2+4 H ¿

R(*-'' ='9+&*&?J

−¿→2Cu(s)2+¿+4 e¿

2Cu¿

R('' (+J+¿

2+¿+2 H 2O→2Cu+O

2+4 H ¿

2Cu¿

PURIIC!CION DE" CORE elect$odode C'6 ánodo %ol'ble

O*'J

−¿2+¿+2e¿

Cu(s )→Cu¿

R(*-''J

−¿→Cu(s )2+¿+2e¿

Cu¿

R('' (+J

2+¿+Cu2+¿→Cu¿

Cu(s)+Cu¿

E"ECTRO"ISIS DE NaCl

O*'J

−¿−¿→ Cl

2 (g)+2e¿

2Cl¿

R(*-''J−¿

−¿→H 2+2(OH )¿

2 H 2O+2e¿

R(''(+J

−¿−¿+2 H

2O→Cl

2 (s)+ H 2+2(OH )¿

2Cl¿

b @C'ále% %on lo% :$od'cto% >'e %e Aa &o$


16/18

1*

CATODOJ S( &%/ ;*%&:(& :)(&)&. S( *(+' :%(:*&(+#(.

E"ECTRO"ISIS DE "! SO"UCION DE C'SO4 Elect$oli%i% in%ol'ble.ANODOJ S( #(% &:(& :)(&)&. S( *(+' '& # )-' *((+#( %>*& *( /(+#&.

CATODOJ S( &%/ (# '&%( )*&. S( *(+' :%(:*& '*& +%'&# (#('+%&*&.

PURIIC!CION DE" CORE elect$odo de C'6 ánodo %ol'bleANODOJ S( *()$%(*( %%& *'& =*)/-( (# '&%(?.CATODOJ L/## '& '%(/(+& *( /) *( '&%(.

E"ECTRO"ISIS DE "! SO"UCION NaClANODOJ S( &%/ '#&%& :)(&)&.CATODOJ )( &%/ ;*%&:(& :)(&)& (# /(*& () 9)'& )( *(+':%(:*& 2 :&+) *( (+#( ++-#*& '& C#.

c De ac'e$do a %'% ob%e$Facione%B :$ediga @C'ále% %e$an la%%e'e.

E# (#('+%&*& )-#( () (# ,-( )-%( )- (#('+%)) $&% # %('' %(*& ('%(/(+ & *)/-( )-


17/18

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+¿+SO4−2

K 2SO

4→2 K

¿

• Red'cci?n6 −¿−¿→H 2+2(OH )¿

2 H 2O+2e¿

2/−¿

H 2O→2e

¿

2/ H 2O→2(96500C ) Xmol →86400C

X 0.8"5/ → ´ M =¿ 0."85/ 18 gr

mol=16.11gr

• OHidaci?n6 +¿

−¿+4 H ¿2 H 2O→O2+4 e

¿

2/−¿

H 2O→4e

¿

2/ H 2O→4(96500C )

X / → 86400'

0.447/ → M =¿ 0.447/ 18 gr

mol=8.05 gr

M) +&+# *( :-J 24.16 :

[ ]=W peso

PF

V sol

= 60 g

174.2 gr

mol

275.83

=1.24 x10−3 M

& Se elect$olia )


18/18

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1/2+¿→2(96500C )

Cu¿

X / → 6300'0.0326/ → V = M → 0.0326/ 0.5L ¿0.0163 M

• OHidaci?n6−¿

−¿→ Cl2 (s)+2e¿

2Cl¿

2/−¿

−¿→2e¿

Cl¿

2/+¿→2(96500C )

Cl¿

X / → 6300'0.0652/ → V = M → 0.0652/ 0.5L ¿0.033 M

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informe 10 general a2.docx