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Information Technology
and the Design of Work
Managing and Using Information Systems:
A Strategic Approach
Amal Al-ShehriBashaier Al-Ghamdi
Bayan Al-ThomaliNuha Al-Shehri
Keep Your Minds Up
3
Best Buy
Other Examples..
5
Approach to Work
6
Virtual Organizations
7
Real Life example
8
WORK DESIGN
FRAMEWORK
9
WORK DESIGN FRAMEWORK
-> used to assess how emerging technologies may affect work.
-> useful in designing key characteristics of work by asking key
10
What Work Will be Performed What is the best way to do the
work(person or a computer)Who is Going To Do the Work
Where is the person when doing he work
Where is the person when doing he work
Where is the group doing the work?
(together or geographically dispersed)How can IT enhance the
effectiveness of the Group Doing the work
Automate The Work
Person
Computer
An Individual
A Group
Keep Your Minds Up
IT FACILITATES COMMUNICATION
Work Design Framework
IT to Facilitate Communication
14
IT to Facilitate Communication
IT to Facilitate Communication
• Intranet
Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
16
IT to Facilitate Communication
• Instant Messaging (IM)
IT to Facilitate Communication
• Voice over IP (VoIP)
Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
18
• Video Teleconferencing
IT to Facilitate Communication
IT to Facilitate Communication
Unified communications (UC)
IT to Facilitate Communication
• RSS
Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
22
IT to Facilitate Communication
• VPN
IT to Facilitate Communication
• File Transfer
Keep Your Minds Up
IT FACILITATES COLLABORATION
Work Design Framework
Act Big!
Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
27
IT to Facilitate Collaboration
Social networking
Example.. Just an example :P
IT to Facilitate Collaboration
• Virtual worlds
35
IT to Facilitate Collaboration
• Web logs (Blogs)
IT to Facilitate Collaboration
• Wikis
IT to Facilitate Collaboration
• Groupware
Challenge 1 !!
Scan it
Coffee Break
Keep Your Minds Up
HOW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
CHANGES THE NATURE OF WORK
Keep Your Minds Up
CREATING NEW TYPES OF WORK
IT Changes the Nature of Work
New Types of Work
Number of IT workers in the
United States at 3.7 million
workers in 2006, with
projections for this number to
grow 25.2% to 4.0
million by 2016.23
New Types of Work
Virtually every department in
every business has someone
who
‘‘knows the computer’’ as part of
their job
The Top Jobs For 2014-Forbes1. Software Developers (Applications and Systems Software)2. Market Research Analysts and Marketing Specialists3. Training and Development Specialists4. Financial Analysts5. Physical Therapists6. Web Developers7. Logisticians8. Database Administrators9. Meeting, Convention and Event Planners10. Interpreters and Translators11. Petroleum Engineers12. Information Security Analysts
Future jobs !
NEW WAYS TO DO TRADITIONAL WORK
IT Changes the Nature of Work
Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
51
New Ways to do Traditional Work
• Changing the way work is done.
53
• Changing Communication Patterns
New Ways to do Traditional Work
Walmart
55
• Changing Organizational Decision Making and Information Processing
New Ways to do Traditional Work
Fingerhut’s New strategy !
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Digital Marketing
60 % -> influencers !
Twitter Magic!
Results?
Duration?
8 hours !
Keep Your Minds Up
62
• Changing Collaboration
New Ways to do Traditional Work
Social Network
Facebook Magic !
الربيع العربي
وصل
Wasul.info
NEW CHALLENGES IN MANAGING PEOPLE
IT Changes the Nature of Work
68
Traditional Approach: Subjective Observation
Newer Approach; Objective Assessment
Supervision Personal and informal. Manager is usually present or relies on others to ensure that employee is present and productive.
Electronic, or assessed by deliverable. As long as the employee is producing value, he does not need formal supervisions
Evaluation Focus is on process through direct observation. Manager sees how employee performed at work. Subjective (personal) factors are very important.
Focus is on output by deliverable (e.g., produce a report by a certain date) or by target (e.g., meet a sales quota). As long as deliverables are produced and/or targets achieved, the employee is meeting performance expectations adequately. Subjective factors may be less important and harder to gauge.
Compensation and Rewards
Often individually-based. Often team-based or contractually spelled out
Hiring Personal with little reliance on computers. Often more reliance on clerical skills
Often electronic with recruiting websites and electronic testing. More informated work that requires a higher level of IT skills.
New challenges in managing people
EVAP
Challenge 2 !!
What is?
إن أصبنا فمن اللهو أنا أخطئنا فمن أنفسنا و
الشيطان
