Industry-Product Analysis Summary:2002 · Industry-Product Analysis Summary: 2002 2002 Economic Census Manufacturing Subject Series Issued March 2005 EC02-31SX-1 U.S. Department of

Industry-Product AnalysisSummary: 2002

2002 Economic Census

Manufacturing

Subject Series

Issued March 2005

EC02-31SX-1

U.S. Department of CommerceEconomics and Statistics Administration

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

This report was prepared in the Manufacturing and Construction Division under the direction of Judy M.Dodds, Assistant Division Chief for Census and Related Programs who was responsible for the overallplanning, management, and coordination. Mendel D. Gayle, Chief, Census and Related ProgramsSupport Branch, assisted by Arminta Quash, Section Chief, Robert Reinard, Chief, Consumer GoodsIndustries Branch, assisted by Suzanne Conard, Susan DiCola, and James Hinckley, Section Chiefs,Kenneth Hansen, Chief, Investment Goods Industries Branch, assisted by Chris Blackburn, MikeBrown, and Jazmin Rose, Section Chiefs, Nathaniel Shelton, Chief, Primary Goods Industries Branch,assisted by Walter Hunter, Jr., Joanna Nguyen, and Athanasios Theodoropoulos, Section Chiefs,and Raphael Corrado, Tom Flood, Robert Miller, and Robert Rosati , Special Assistants, performedthe planning and implementation. Bill Baldwin, Luis Blanco, Larry Blumberg, Phillip Brown,Brenda Campbell, Catherine Cooper, Paul Corey, Mary Kim Corley , Theresa Crowley, ChrisCunningham, Vance Davis, Jesse Dawson, Kellie Friedrich, Dennis Gosier, Vera Harris-Bourne,Karen Harshbarger, Nancy Higgins, Steven Hood, Rachael Horwitz, Tom Ickes, Evelyn Jordan,Daphne Kelly, Cathy Knudsen, Kristen Lauziere, Mai Ngan Le, Jennifer Lee, Robert Lee,Jennifer Leotta, John Linehan, Keith McKenzie, Blynda Metcalf, Stanley Montgomery, PhilippeMorris, Madelyn Nieves, Betty Pannell, Bridgett Parker-Bell, Dorothy Parsons, Gloria Peebles-Butler, Michael Perkinson, Deanna Pickerall, Dana Sklut, LaTanya Steele, Susan Sundermann,Myss Sykes-Stephens, Betty Sutter, Dora Thomas, Ronanne Vinson, Keeley Voor, DennethWallace, Hilda Ward, Edward Watkins III, Tempie Whittington, Ernest Wilson Jr., BarbaraWongus, and Kevin Younes, provided primary staff assistance. Mendel D. Gayle, Chief, Census andRelated Programs Support Branch, assisted by Arlinda Allen, Kimberly DePhillip, and Baruti Taylor,Section Chiefs, performed overall coordination of the publication process. Patrick Duck, MichaelFlaherty, Taylor C. Murph, Wanda Sledd, and Veronica White provided primary staff assistance.

Mathematical and statistical techniques, as well as the coverage operations, were provided by PaulHsen, Assistant Division Chief for Research and Methodology Programs, assisted by Stacey Cole, Chief,Manufacturing Methodology Branch, and Robert Struble, Section Chief. Jeffrey Dalzell and CathyGregor provided primary staff assistance.Eddie J. Salyers, Assistant Division Chief of Economic Planning and Coordination Division, wasresponsible for overseeing the editing and tabulation procedures and the interactive analytical software.Dennis Shoemaker and Kim Wortman, Special Assistants, John D. Ward, Chief, Analytical Branch,and Brandy L. Yarbrough, Chief, Edit Branch, were responsible for developing the systems andprocedures for data collection, editing, review, and correction. Donna L. Hambric, Chief of theEconomic Planning Staff, was responsible for overseeing the systems and information for dissemination.Douglas J. Miller, Chief, Tables and Dissemination Branch, assisted by Lisa Aispuro, Jamie Fleming,Keith Fuller, Andrew W. Hait, and Kathy G. Padgett were responsible for developing the datadissemination systems and procedures.The Geography Division staff, Robert LaMacchia, Chief, developed geographic coding procedures andassociated computer programs.The Economic Statistical Methods and Programming Division, Howard R. Hogan, Chief, developed andcoordinated the computer processing systems. Barry F. Sessamen, Assistant Division Chief for PostCollection, was responsible for design and implementation of the processing system and computerprograms. Gary T. Sheridan, Chief, Macro Analytical Branch, assisted by Apparao V. Katikineni andEdward F. Johnson provided computer programming and implementation.

The Systems Support Division provided the table composition system. Robert Joseph Brown, TableImage Processing System (TIPS) Senior Software Engineer, was responsible for the design anddevelopment of the TIPS, under the supervision of Robert J. Bateman, Assistant Division Chief,Information Systems.

The staff of the National Processing Center performed mailout preparation and receipt operations,clerical and analytical review activities, and data entry.

Margaret A. Smith, Bernadette J. Beasley, Michael T. Browne, and Alan R. Plisch of theAdministrative and Customer Services Division, Walter C. Odom, Chief, provided publication andprinting management, graphics design and composition, and editorial review for print and electronicmedia. General direction and production management were provided by James R. Clark, AssistantDivision Chief, and Susan L. Rappa, Chief, Publications Services Branch.

Special acknowledgment is also due the many businesses whose cooperation contributed to thepublication of these data.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Industry-Product AnalysisSummary: 2002

2002 Economic Census

Manufacturing

Subject Series

Issued March 2005

EC02-31SX-1

U.S. Department of CommerceCarlos M. Gutierrez,

SecretaryTheodore W. Kassinger,

Deputy Secretary

Economics and Statistics AdministrationKathleen B. Cooper,

Under Secretary forEconomic Affairs

U.S. CENSUS BUREAUCharles Louis Kincannon,

Director

Frederick T. Knickerbocker,Associate Directorfor Economic Programs

Thomas L. Mesenbourg,Assistant Directorfor Economic Programs

William G. Bostic, Jr.,Chief, Manufacturingand Construction Division

ECONOMICS

AND STATISTICS

ADMINISTRATION

Economicsand StatisticsAdministration

Kathleen B. Cooper,Under Secretaryfor Economic Affairs

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

Charles Louis Kincannon,Director

Hermann Habermann,Deputy Director andChief Operating Officer

CONTENTS

Introduction to the Economic Census v��Manufacturing ix��

Tables

1. Industry�Product Analysis�Industry Shipments by Product:2002 1��

2. Industry�Product Analysis�Product Shipments by ContributingIndustry: 2002 182��

Appendixes

A. Explanation of Terms A–1��B. NAICS Codes, Titles, and Descriptions B–1��C. Methodology C–1��D. Geographic Notes ��E. Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas ��

�� Not applicable for this report.

Manufacturing�Subject Series Product Analysis Summary iiiU.S. Census Bureau, 2002 Economic Census

Introduction to the Economic Census

PURPOSES AND USES OF THE ECONOMIC CENSUS

The economic census is the major source of facts about the structure and functioning of thenation’s economy. It provides essential information for government, business, industry, and thegeneral public. Title 13 of the United States Code (Sections 131, 191, and 224) directs the CensusBureau to take the economic census every 5 years, covering years ending in “2” and “7.”

The economic census furnishes an important part of the framework for such composite measuresas the gross domestic product estimates, input/output measures, production and price indexes,and other statistical series that measure short-term changes in economic conditions. Specific usesof economic census data include the following:

• Policymaking agencies of the federal government use the data to monitor economic activity andto assess the effectiveness of policies.

• State and local governments use the data to assess business activities and tax bases withintheir jurisdictions and to develop programs to attract business.

• Trade associations study trends in their own and competing industries, which allows them tokeep their members informed of market changes.

• Individual businesses use the data to locate potential markets and to analyze their own produc-tion and sales performance relative to industry or area averages.

INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATIONS

Data from the 2002 Economic Census are published primarily according to the 2002 North Ameri-can Industry Classification System (NAICS). NAICS was first adopted in the United States, Canada,and Mexico in 1997. The 2002 Economic Census covers the following NAICS sectors:

21 Mining22 Utilities23 Construction31-33 Manufacturing42 Wholesale Trade44-45 Retail Trade48-49 Transportation and Warehousing51 Information52 Finance and Insurance53 Real Estate and Rental and Leasing54 Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services55 Management of Companies and Enterprises56 Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services61 Educational Services62 Health Care and Social Assistance71 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation72 Accommodation and Food Services81 Other Services (except Public Administration)

(Not listed above are the Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, and Hunting sector (NAICS 11), partiallycovered by the census of agriculture conducted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and thePublic Administration sector (NAICS 92), largely covered by the census of governments conductedby the Census Bureau.)

The 20 NAICS sectors are subdivided into 100 subsectors (three-digit codes), 317 industry groups(four-digit codes), and, as implemented in the United States, 1,179 industries (six-digit codes).

Introduction v2002 Economic Census

U.S. Census Bureau, 2002 Economic Census

RELATIONSHIP TO HISTORICAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATIONS

Prior to the 1997 Economic Census, data were published according to the Standard Industrial Clas-sification (SIC) system. While many of the individual NAICS industries correspond directly to indus-tries as defined under the SIC system, most of the higher level groupings do not. Particular careshould be taken in comparing data for retail trade, wholesale trade, and manufacturing, which aresector titles used in both NAICS and SIC, but cover somewhat different groups of industries. The1997 Economic Census Bridge Between NAICS and SIC demonstrates the relationships betweenNAICS and SIC industries. Where changes are significant, it may not be possible to construct timeseries that include data for points both before and after 1997.

Most industry classifications remained unchanged between 1997 and 2002, but NAICS 2002includes substantial revisions within the construction and wholesale trade sectors, and a numberof revisions for the retail trade and information sectors. These changes are noted in industry defi-nitions and will be demonstrated in the Bridge Between NAICS 2002 and NAICS 1997.

For 2002, data for enterprise support establishments (those functioning primarily to support theactivities of their company’s operating establishments, such as a warehouse or a research anddevelopment laboratory) are included in the industry that reflects their activities (such as ware-housing). For 1997, such establishments were termed auxiliaries and were excluded from industrytotals.

BASIS OF REPORTING

The economic census is conducted on an establishment basis. A company operating at more thanone location is required to file a separate report for each store, factory, shop, or other location.Each establishment is assigned a separate industry classification based on its primary activity andnot that of its parent company. (For selected industries, only payroll, employment, and classifica-tion are collected for individual establishments, while other data are collected on a consolidatedbasis.)

GEOGRAPHIC AREA CODING

Accurate and complete information on the physical location of each establishment is required totabulate the census data for states, metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas, counties, andcorporate municipalities (places) including cities, towns, townships, villages, and boroughs.Respondents were required to report their physical location (street address, municipality, county,and state) if it differed from their mailing address. For establishments not surveyed by mail (andthose single-establishment companies that did not provide acceptable information on physicallocation), location information from administrative sources is used as a basis for coding.

AVAILABILITY OF ADDITIONAL DATA

All results of the 2002 Economic Census are available on the Census Bureau Internet site(www.census.gov) and on digital versatile discs (DVD-ROMs) for sale by the Census Bureau. TheAmerican FactFinder system at the Internet site allows selective retrieval and downloading of thedata. For more information, including a description of reports being issued, see the Internet site,write to the U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC 20233-6100, or call Customer Services at 301-763-4100.

HISTORICAL INFORMATION

The economic census has been taken as an integrated program at 5-year intervals since 1967 andbefore that for 1954, 1958, and 1963. Prior to that time, individual components of the economiccensus were taken separately at varying intervals.

The economic census traces its beginnings to the 1810 Decennial Census, when questions onmanufacturing were included with those for population. Coverage of economic activities wasexpanded for the 1840 Decennial Census and subsequent censuses to include mining and somecommercial activities. The 1905 Manufactures Census was the first time a census was taken apart

vi Introduction 2002 Economic Census


from the regular decennial population census. Censuses covering retail and wholesale trade andconstruction industries were added in 1930, as were some service trades in 1933. Censuses ofconstruction, manufacturing, and the other business censuses were suspended during World WarII.

The 1954 Economic Census was the first census to be fully integrated, providing comparable cen-sus data across economic sectors and using consistent time periods, concepts, definitions, classi-fications, and reporting units. It was the first census to be taken by mail, using lists of firms pro-vided by the administrative records of other federal agencies. Since 1963, administrative recordsalso have been used to provide basic statistics for very small firms, reducing or eliminating theneed to send them census report forms.

The range of industries covered in the economic census expanded between 1967 and 2002. Thecensus of construction industries began on a regular basis in 1967, and the scope of serviceindustries, introduced in 1933, was broadened in 1967, 1977, and 1987. While a few transporta-tion industries were covered as early as 1963, it was not until 1992 that the census broadened toinclude all of transportation, communications, and utilities. Also new for 1992 was coverage offinancial, insurance, and real estate industries. With these additions, the economic census and theseparate census of governments and census of agriculture collectively covered roughly 98 percentof all economic activity. New for 2002 is coverage of four industries classified in the agriculture,forestry, and fishing sector under the SIC system: landscape architectural services, landscapingservices, veterinary services, and pet care services.

Printed statistical reports from the 1992 and earlier censuses provide historical figures for thestudy of long-term time series and are available in some large libraries. Reports for 1997 werepublished primarily on the Internet and copies of 1992 reports are also available there. CD-ROMsissued from the 1987, 1992, and 1997 Economic Censuses contain databases that include all ornearly all data published in print, plus additional statistics, such as ZIP Code statistics, publishedonly on CD-ROM.

SOURCES FOR MORE INFORMATION

More information about the scope, coverage, classification system, data items, and publicationsfor the 2002 Economic Census and related surveys is published in the Guide to the 2002 EconomicCensus at www.census.gov/econ/census02/guide. More information on the methodology, proce-dures, and history of the census will be published in the History of the 2002 Economic Census atwww.census.gov/econ/www/history.html.

Introduction vii2002 Economic Census


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viii Introduction 2002 Economic Census


Manufacturing

SCOPE

The Manufacturing sector (sector 31-33) comprises establishments engaged in the mechanical,physical, or chemical transformation of materials, substances, or components into new products.The assembling of component parts of manufactured products is considered manufacturing,except in cases where the activity is appropriately classified in Sector 23, Construction.

Establishments in the manufacturing sector are often described as plants, factories, or mills andcharacteristically use power-driven machines and materials-handling equipment. However, estab-lishments that transform materials or substances into new products by hand or in the worker’shome and those engaged in selling to the general public products made on the same premisesfrom which they are sold, such as bakeries, candy stores, and custom tailors, may also beincluded in this sector. Manufacturing establishments may process materials or may contract withother establishments to process their materials for them. Both types of establishments areincluded in manufacturing.

The materials, substances, or components transformed by manufacturing establishments are rawmaterials that are products of agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining, or quarrying, as well as prod-ucts of other manufacturing establishments. The materials used may be purchased directly fromproducers, obtained through customary trade channels, or secured without recourse to the marketby transferring the product from one establishment to another, under the same ownership. Thenew product of a manufacturing establishment may be finished in the sense that it is ready forutilization or consumption, or it may be semifinished to become an input for an establishmentengaged in further manufacturing. For example, the product of the alumina refinery is the inputused in the primary production of aluminum; primary aluminum is the input to an aluminum wiredrawing plant; and aluminum wire is the input for a fabricated wire product manufacturing estab-lishment.

The subsectors in the manufacturing sector generally reflect distinct production processes relatedto material inputs, production equipment, and employee skills. In the machinery area, whereassembling is a key activity, parts and accessories for manufactured products are classified in theindustry of the finished manufactured item when they are made for separate sale. For example, areplacement refrigerator door would be classified with refrigerators and an attachment for a pieceof metal working machinery would be classified with metal working machinery. However, compo-nents, input from other manufacturing establishments, are classified based on the productionfunction of the component manufacturer. For example, electronic components are classified inSubsector 334, Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing; and stampings are classified inSubsector 332, Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing.

Manufacturing establishments often perform one or more activities that are classified outside themanufacturing sector of NAICS. For instance, almost all manufacturing has some captive researchand development or administrative operations, such as accounting, payroll, or management.These captive services are treated the same as captive manufacturing activities. When the servicesare provided by separate establishments, they are classified to the NAICS sector where such ser-vices are primary, not in manufacturing.

The boundaries of manufacturing and the other sectors of the classification system can be some-what blurry. The establishments in the manufacturing sector are engaged in the transformation ofmaterials into new products. Their output is a new product. However, the definition of what con-stitutes a new product can be somewhat subjective. As clarification, the following activities are

Manufacturing ix2002 Economic Census


considered manufacturing in NAICS: milk bottling and pasteurizing; water bottling and process-ing; fresh fish packaging (oyster shucking, fish filleting); apparel jobbing (assigning of materialsto contract factories or shops for fabrication or other contract operations); as well as contractingon materials owned by others; printing and related activities; ready-mixed concrete production;leather converting; grinding of lenses to prescription; wood preserving; electroplating, plating,metal heat treating, and polishing for the trade; lapidary work for the trade; fabricating signs andadvertising displays; rebuilding or remanufacturing machinery (i.e., automotive parts); ship repairand renovation; machine shops; and tire retreading.

Exclusions. There are activities that are sometimes considered manufacturing, but for NAICS areclassified in another sector. These activities include logging, classified in Sector 11, Agriculture,Forestry, Fishing and Hunting is considered a harvesting operation; the beneficiating of ores andother minerals, classified in Sector 21, Mining, is considered part of the activity of mining; theconstruction of structures and fabricating operations performed at the site of construction by con-tractors, is classified in Sector 23, Construction; establishments engaged in breaking of bulk andredistribution in smaller lots, including packaging, repackaging, or bottling products, such asliquors or chemicals; the customized assembly of computers; sorting of scrap; mixing paints tocustomer order; and cutting metals to customer order, classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade orSector 44-45, Retail Trade, produce a modified version of the same product, not a new product;and publishing and the combined activity of publishing and printing, classified in Sector 51, Infor-mation, perform the transformation of information into a product where as the value of the prod-uct to the consumer lies in the information content, not in the format in which it is distributed(i.e., the book or software diskette).

The tabulations for this sector do not include central administrative offices, warehouses, or otherestablishments that serve manufacturing establishments within the same organization. Data forsuch establishments are classified according to the nature of the service they provide. Forexample, separate headquarters establishments are reported in NAICS Sector 55, Management ofCompanies and Enterprises.

The reports described below exclude establishments of firms with no paid employees. These“nonemployers,” typically self-employed individuals or partnerships operating businesses thatthey have not chosen to incorporate, are reported separately in Nonemployer Statistics. The con-tribution of nonemployers, relatively small for this sector, may be examined atwww.census.gov/nonemployerimpact.

The reports described below cover all manufacturing establishments with one or more paidemployees.

Definitions. Industry categories are defined in Appendix B, NAICS Codes, Titles, and Descrip-tions. Other terms are defined in Appendix A, Explanation of Terms.

REPORTS

The following reports provide statistics on this sector.

Industry Series. There are 473 reports, each covering a single NAICS industry (six-digit code).These reports include such statistics as number of establishments, employment, payroll, valueadded by manufacture, cost of materials consumed, value of shipments, capital expenditures, etc.The industry reports also include data for states with 100 employees or more in the industry. Thedata in industry reports are preliminary and subject to change in the following reports.

Geographic Area Series. There are 51 separate reports, one for each state and the District ofColumbia. Each state report presents similar statistics at the “all manufacturing” level for eachstate and its metropolitan and micropolitan areas with 250 employees or more, and for counties,consolidated cities, and places with 500 employees or more. The state reports also include six-digit NAICS level data for industries with 100 employees or more in the state.

x Manufacturing 2002 Economic Census


Subject Series:

• Industry-Product Analysis Summary. This report presents company, establishments, valueof shipments, value of product shipments, percentage of product shipments of the total valueof shipments, and percentage of distribution of value of product shipments on the NAICS six-digit industry level and by the six- and seven-digit product code levels. It also includes miscella-neous receipts at the six- and seven-digit product code levels by NAICS six-digit industry levels.

• General Summary. This report contains industry and geographic area statistics summarized inone report. It includes higher levels of aggregation than the industry and state reports, as wellas revisions to the data made after the release of the industry and state reports.

• Product Summary. This report summarizes the products data published in the industryreports. This report also includes a table with data for products that are primary to more thanone industry, which are not in the industry reports.

• Materials Summary. This report summarizes the materials data published in the industryreports.

• Concentration Ratio Summary. This report publishes data on the percentage of value of ship-ments and value added accounted for by the 4-, 8-, 20-, and 50-largest companies for eachmanufacturing industry. Also shown in this report are Herfindahl-Herschmann indexes for eachindustry.

• Location of Manufacturing Plants Summary. This report contains statistics on the numberof establishments for the three-and six-digit NAICS industry by state, county, place, and ZIPCode by employment-size of the establishment.

ZIP Code Statistics. This report contain statistics on the number of establishments for the three-and six-digit NAICS industry by employment-size of the establishment by ZIP Code.

Other reports. Data for this sector are also included in reports with multisector coverage, includ-ing Nonemployer Statistics, Comparative Statistics, Bridge Between 2002 NAICS and 1997 NAICS,Business Expenses, and the Survey of Business Owners reports.

GEOGRAPHIC AREAS COVERED

The level of geographic detail varies by report. Maps are available atwww.census.gov/econ2002maps. Notes specific to areas in the state are included in Appendix D,Geographic Notes.

1. The United States as a whole.

2. States and the District of Columbia.

3. Metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas with 250 employees or more. A core based sta-tistical areas (CBSA) contains a core area with a substantial population nucleus, together withadjacent communities having a high degree of social and economic integration with that core.CBSAs are differentiated into metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas based on size cri-teria. Both metropolitan and micropolitan areas are defined in terms of entire counties, andare listed in Appendix E, Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas.

a. Metropolitan Statistical Areas (metro areas). Metro areas have at least one urbanized area of50,000 or more population, plus adjacent territory that has a high degree of social and eco-nomic integration with the core as measured by commuting ties.

b. Micropolitan Statistical Areas (micro areas). Micro areas have at least one urban cluster ofat least 10,000 but less than 50,000 population, plus adjacent territory that has a highdegree of social and economic integration with the core as measured by commuting ties.

c. Metropolitan Divisions (metro divisions). If specified criteria are met, a metro area contain-ing a single core with a population of 2.5 million or more may be subdivided to formsmaller groupings of counties referred to as Metropolitan Divisions.

Manufacturing xi2002 Economic Census


d. Combined Statistical Areas (combined areas). If specified criteria are met, adjacent metroand micro areas, in various combinations, may become the components of a new set ofareas called Combined Statistical Areas. The areas that combine retain their own designa-tions as metro or micro areas within the larger combined area.

4. Counties and county equivalents defined as of January 1, 2002, with 500 employees or more.Counties are the primary divisions of states, except in Louisiana where they are called par-ishes and in Alaska where they are called boroughs, census areas, and city and boroughs.Maryland, Missouri, Nevada, and Virginia have one place or more that is independent of anycounty organization and constitutes primary divisions of their states. These places are treatedas counties and as places.

5. Economic places with 500 employees or more.

a. Municipalities of 2,500 inhabitants or more defined as of January 1, 2002. These are areasof significant population incorporated as cities, boroughs, villages, or towns according tothe 2000 Census of Population. For the economic census, boroughs and census areas inAlaska and boroughs in New York are not included in this category.

b. Consolidated cities defined as of January 1, 2002. Consolidated cities are consolidatedgovernments that consist of separately incorporated municipalities.

c. Townships in Michigan, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, and towns in New York, Wisconsin,and the six New England states with 10,000 inhabitants or more (according to the 2000Census of Population).

d. Balance of county. Areas outside the entities listed above, including incorporated munici-palities with populations of fewer than 2,500, town and townships not qualifying as notedabove, and the remainders of counties outside places are categorized as “Balance ofcounty.”

DOLLAR VALUES

All dollar values presented are expressed in current dollars; i.e., 2002 data are expressed in 2002dollars, and 1997 data, in 1997 dollars. Consequently, when making comparisons with prioryears, users of the data should consider the changes in prices that have occurred.

All dollar values are shown in thousands of dollars.

COMPARABILITY OF THE 1997 AND 2002 ECONOMIC CENSUSES

Both the 2002 Economic Census and the 1997 Economic Census present data based on the NorthAmerican Industry Classification System (NAICS). While there were revisions to selected industriesfor 2002, this sector is not affected by those revisions.

For 2002, there have been several additional data tables added, which did not exist in 1997.These tables for 2002 include products primary to more than one industry, industry-productanalysis, e-commerce value of shipments, and leased and nonleased detail employment statisticsby subsectors.

RELIABILITY OF DATA

All data compiled for this sector are subject to nonsampling errors. Nonsampling errors can beattributed to many sources: inability to identify all cases in the actual universe; definition andclassification difficulties; differences in the interpretation of questions; errors in recording or cod-ing the data obtained; and other errors of collection, response, coverage, processing, and estima-tion for missing or misreported data. Selected data in tables titled “Detailed Statistics” are basedon the Annual Survey of Manufactures and are subject to sampling errors as well as nonsamplingerrors.

xii Manufacturing 2002 Economic Census


No direct measurement of these effects has been obtained except for estimation for missing ormisreported data, as by the percentages shown in the tables. Precautionary steps were taken in allphases of the collection, processing, and tabulation of the data in an effort to minimize the effectsof nonsampling errors. More information on the reliability of the data is included in Appendix C,Methodology.

DISCLOSURE

In accordance with federal law governing census reports (Title 13 of the United States Code), nodata are published that would disclose the operations of an individual establishment or company.However, the number of establishments in a specific industry or geographic area is not considereda disclosure; therefore, this information may be released even though other information is with-held. Techniques employed to limit disclosure are discussed atwww.census.gov/epcd/ec02/disclosure.htm.

The disclosure analysis for “industry statistics” files is based on the total value of shipments.When the total value of shipments cannot be shown without disclosing information for individualcompanies, the complete line is suppressed except for capital expenditures. Nonetheless, the sup-pressed data are included in higher-level totals. A separate disclosure analysis is performed forcapital expenditures, which can be suppressed even though value of shipments data are pub-lished.

AVAILABILITY OF MORE FREQUENT ECONOMIC DATA

The Census Bureau conducts the Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM) in each of the 4 yearsbetween the economic censuses. The ASM is a probability-based sample of approximately 55,000establishments and collects many of the same industry statistics (including employment, payroll,value of shipments, etc.) as the economic census. However, there are selected statistics notincluded in the ASM. Among these are the number of companies and establishments, detailedproduct and materials data, and substate geographic data. In addition to the ASM, the CensusBureau conducts the Current Industrial Reports (CIR) program. The CIR program publishes selecteddetailed product statistics for selected manufacturing industries at the U.S. level annually and, insome cases, monthly and/or quarterly. The Census Bureau also conducts the monthly Manufactur-ers’ Shipments, Inventories, and Orders (M3) Program, which publishes detailed statistics formanufacturing industries at the U.S. level.

In addition, the County Business Patterns program offers annual statistics on the number of estab-lishments, employment, and payroll classified by industry within each county, and Statistics ofU.S. Businesses provides annual statistics classified by the employment size of the enterprise, fur-ther classified by industry for the United States, and by broader categories for states and metro-politan areas.

CONTACTS FOR DATA USERS

Questions about these data may be directed to the U.S. Census Bureau, Manufacturing & Construc-tion Division, Information Services Center, 301-763-4673 or ask.census.gov.

ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

The following abbreviations and symbols are used with these data:

A Standard error of 100 percent or moreD Withheld to avoid disclosing data of individual companies; data are included in higher level totalsF Exceeds 100 percent because data include establishments with payroll exceeding revenueN Not available or not comparableS Withheld because estimates did not meet publication standardsX Not applicableZ Less than half the unit shown

a 0 to 19 employeesb 20 to 99 employeesc 100 to 249 employees

Manufacturing xiii2002 Economic Census


e 250 to 499 employeesf 500 to 999 employeesg 1,000 to 2,499 employeesh 2,500 to 4,999 employeesi 5,000 to 9,999 employeesj 10,000 to 24,999 employeesk 25,000 to 49,999 employeesl 50,000 to 99,999 employeesm 100,000 employees or more

p 10 to 19 percent estimatedq 20 to 29 percent estimatedr Reviseds Sampling error exceeds 40 percentnsk Not specified by kind– Represents zero (page image/print only)(CC) Consolidated city(IC) Independent city

xiv Manufacturing 2002 Economic Census


Table 1. Industry�Product Analysis�Industry Shipments by Product: 2002[This table presents the variety of products shipped from each manufacturing industry. Most products of an industry are the products classified in the industry. Their product codes have the same first six�digits as the industry code and are referred to as primary products. However, an establishment may also ship products not classified in their industry. The first six�digits of these product codes are notthe same as the industry code and are referred to as secondary products. Data for products with a value of less than $5 million are not listed separately. These data are included in the "All otherproducts" lines. Data based on the 2002 Economic Census. For information on confidentially protection, nonsampling error, and explanation of terms, see note at end of table. For meaning ofabbreviations and symbols, see introductory text]

Industry Productcode Industry and productTotal

value ofshipments1

($1,000)

Value ofproduct

shipments($1,000)

Productshipments

as percent oftotal value of

shipments

311111 Dog and cat food manufacturing 10 605 126�� X 100.00311111 Dog and cat food manufacturing X�� D S3111111 Dog food X�� D S3111114 Cat food X�� 3 524 745 33.24311111W Dog and cat food manufacturing, nsk, total X�� D S311119 Other animal food manufacturing X�� D S311119J Beef cattle feed supplements, concentrates, and premixes X�� D S311119R Specialty feeds X�� D S999800 Miscellaneous receipts, including receipts for repair work, sales of scrap and

refuse, etc. X�� D S9998000 Miscellaneous receipts, including receipts for repair work, sales of scrap and

refuse, etc. X�� D S999890 Sales of products bought and sold without further manufacture, processing, or

assembly X�� 890 145 8.399998900 Sales of products bought and sold without further manufacture, processing, or

assembly X�� 890 145 8.39999999 All other products made in this industry X�� 7 584 .079999999 All other products made in this industry X�� 11 530 .11

311119 Other animal food manufacturing 17 365 255�� X 100.00311111 Dog and cat food manufacturing X�� D S3111111 Dog food X�� D S3111114 Cat food X�� 16 731 .10311111W Dog and cat food manufacturing, nsk, total X�� D S311119 Other animal food manufacturing X�� 15 624 122 89.973111191 Chicken and turkey feed, supplements, concentrates, and premixes X�� 5 323 979 30.663111194 Dairy cattle feed, complete X�� 1 621 456 9.343111197 Dairy cattle feed supplements, concentrates, and premixes X�� D S311119A Swine feed, complete X�� D S311119D Swine feed supplements, concentrates, and premixes X�� 571 732 3.29311119G Beef cattle feed, complete X�� 617 001 3.55311119J Beef cattle feed supplements, concentrates, and premixes X�� D S311119M Other poultry and livestock feed X�� D S311119P Other prepared animal feeds, including feeding materials and adjuncts X�� 593 139 3.42311119R Specialty feeds X�� 950 131 5.47311119W Other animal food manufacturing, nsk, total X�� 3 034 369 17.47311211 Flour milling X�� 10 785 .063112117 Corn mill products X�� D S311423 Dried and dehydrated food manufacturing X�� D S3114235 Dried and dehydrated fruits and vegetables, including freeze�dried X�� D S311613 Rendering and meat byproduct processing X�� D S3116135 Animal and marine feed and fertilizer byproducts X�� D S311942 Spice and extract manufacturing X�� D S3119425 Flavoring extracts, emulsions, and other liquid flavors and food colorings

(except synthetic) X�� D S311999 All other miscellaneous food manufacturing X�� D S311999P Other food preparations X�� D S325412 Pharmaceutical preparation manufacturing X�� 42 250 .24325412T Pharmaceutical preparations for veterinary use (including medicinal premixes

and medicated pet care products; excluding pet flea and tick products),excluding diagnostics X�� 42 250 .24

930000 Receipts for work done for others on their materials X�� 26 124 .159300000 Receipts for work done for others on their materials X�� 26 124 .15999800 Miscellaneous receipts, including receipts for repair work, sales of scrap and

refuse, etc. X�� 115 498 .679998000 Miscellaneous receipts, including receipts for repair work, sales of scrap and

refuse, etc. X�� 115 498 .67999890 Sales of products bought and sold without further manufacture, processing, or

assembly X�� 1 386 408 7.989998900 Sales of products bought and sold without further manufacture, processing, or

assembly X�� 1 386 408 7.98999999 All other products made in this industry X�� 19 693 .119999999 All other products made in this industry X�� 21 806 .13

311211 Flour milling 6 878 734�� X 100.00311119 Other animal food manufacturing X�� D S311119P Other prepared animal feeds, including feeding materials and adjuncts X�� D S311119W Other animal food manufacturing, nsk, total X�� 23 121 .34311211 Flour milling X�� 6 481 880 94.233112111 Wheat flour (except flour mixes), made in flour mills X�� 4 296 154 62.463112114 Wheat mill products, except flour X�� 433 282 6.303112117 Corn mill products X�� D S311211A Prepared flour mixes, including refrigerated and frozen doughs and batters,

made in flour mills X�� 537 845 7.82311211B Other grain mill products X�� D S311211W Flour milling, nsk, total X�� 170 745 2.48311212 Rice milling X�� 6 143 .093112120 Rice milling X�� 6 143 .09311213 Malt manufacturing X�� D S3112130 Malt X�� D S311230 Breakfast cereal manufacturing X�� D S999890 Sales of products bought and sold without further manufacture, processing, or



311212 Rice milling 1 728 419�� X 100.00311212 Rice milling X�� D S3112120 Rice milling X�� D S930000 Receipts for work done for others on their materials X�� 8 356 .489300000 Receipts for work done for others on their materials X�� 8 356 .48999890 Sales of products bought and sold without further manufacture, processing, or


assembly X�� 86 027 4.98999999 All other products made in this industry X�� D S9999999 All other products made in this industry X�� D S

See footnotes at end of table.

Manufacturing�Subject Series Product Analysis Summary 1U.S. Census Bureau, 2002 Economic Census

Table 1. Industry�Product Analysis�Industry Shipments by Product: 2002�Con.[This table presents the variety of products shipped from each manufacturing industry. Most products of an industry are the products classified in the industry. Their product codes have the same first six�digits as the industry code and are referred to as primary products. However, an establishment may also ship products not classified in their industry. The first six�digits of these product codes are notthe same as the industry code and are referred to as secondary products. Data for products with a value of less than $5 million are not listed separately. These data are included in the "All otherproducts" lines. Data based on the 2002 Economic Census. For information on confidentially protection, nonsampling error, and explanation of terms, see note at end of table. For meaning ofabbreviations and symbols, see introductory text]


value ofshipments1

($1,000)

Value ofproduct

shipments($1,000)

Productshipments


shipments

311213 Malt manufacturing 478 890�� X 100.00311213 Malt manufacturing X�� D S3112130 Malt X�� D S999999 All other products made in this industry X�� D S9999999 All other products made in this industry X�� D S

311221 Wet corn milling 8 246 618�� X 100.00311211 Flour milling X�� D S3112111 Wheat flour (except flour mixes), made in flour mills X�� D S311211B Other grain mill products X�� D S311221 Wet corn milling X�� 6 729 824 81.613112211 Corn sweeteners X�� 3 100 772 37.603112214 Manufactured starch X�� D S3112218 Corn oil X�� 271 778 3.30311221A Wet process corn byproducts X�� D S311221W Wet corn milling, nsk, total X�� 458 293 5.56311225 Fats and oils refining and blending X�� D S3112252 Shortening and cooking oils X�� D S311421 Fruit and vegetable canning X�� D S3114214 Canned vegetables, except hominy and mushrooms X�� D S311999 All other miscellaneous food manufacturing X�� D S3119994 Sweetening syrups and molasses X�� D S325120 Industrial gas manufacturing X�� D S3251204 Carbon dioxide X�� D S325193 Ethyl alcohol manufacturing X�� D S3251930 Ethyl alcohol X�� D S325199 All other basic organic chemical manufacturing X�� D S325199G Synthetic organic alcohols, unmixed X�� D S999890 Sales of products bought and sold without further manufacture, processing, or

assembly X�� 37 414 .459998900 Sales of products bought and sold without further manufacture, processing, or

assembly X�� 37 414 .45999999 All other products made in this industry X�� 15 226 .189999999 All other products made in this industry X�� 20 808 .25

311222 Soybean processing 12 780 072�� X 100.00311211 Flour milling X�� D S3112117 Corn mill products X�� D S311221 Wet corn milling X�� D S3112218 Corn oil X�� D S311222 Soybean processing X�� 10 298 521 80.583112221 Soybean oil X�� 2 613 785 20.453112224 Soybean cake, meal, and other byproducts X�� 7 551 898 59.09311222W Soybean processing, nsk, total X�� 132 838 1.04311223 Other oilseed processing X�� D S3112234 Cottonseed oil, once�refined (after alkali or caustic wash but before

deodorizing or use in end products) X�� D S311223G Other vegetable oils X�� D S311225 Fats and oils refining and blending X�� 1 840 047 14.403112252 Shortening and cooking oils X�� D S3112254 Margarine, butter blends, and butter substitutes X�� D S311823 Dry pasta manufacturing X�� D S3118230 Dry macaroni, spaghetti and egg noodle products, mitse (except canned or

frozen) X�� D S325412 Pharmaceutical preparation manufacturing X�� D S325412L Pharmaceutical preparations, vitamin, nutrient, and hematinic preparations,

for human use X�� D S999890 Sales of products bought and sold without further manufacture, processing, or



311223 Other oilseed processing 1 129 107�� X 100.00311223 Other oilseed processing X�� D S3112231 Crude cottonseed oil X�� 102 665 9.093112234 Cottonseed oil, once�refined (after alkali or caustic wash but before

deodorizing or use in end products) X�� 135 828 12.033112237 Cotton linters X�� 57 433 5.09311223A Cottonseed cake and meal and other byproducts X�� D S311223D Linseed oil X�� D S311223G Other vegetable oils X�� D S311223J Other vegetable oil mill products X�� D S311225 Fats and oils refining and blending X�� D S3112252 Shortening and cooking oils X�� D S3112254 Margarine, butter blends, and butter substitutes X�� D S930000 Receipts for work done for others on their materials X�� D S9300000 Receipts for work done for others on their materials X�� D S999890 Sales of products bought and sold without further manufacture, processing, or



311225 Fats and oils refining and blending 7 319 903�� X 100.00311221 Wet corn milling X�� 77 405 1.063112218 Corn oil X�� D S311222 Soybean processing X�� 494 172 6.753112221 Soybean oil X�� 131 744 1.803112224 Soybean cake, meal, and other byproducts X�� 362 428 4.95311223 Other oilseed processing X�� 125 779 1.723112234 Cottonseed oil, once�refined (after alkali or caustic wash but before

deodorizing or use in end products) X�� D S311223A Cottonseed cake and meal and other byproducts X�� D S311223G Other vegetable oils X�� D S311223J Other vegetable oil mill products X�� D S311225 Fats and oils refining and blending X�� 6 223 147 85.023112252 Shortening and cooking oils X�� 4 609 830 62.98


2 Product Analysis Summary Manufacturing�Subject SeriesU.S. Census Bureau, 2002 Economic Census



value ofshipments1

($1,000)

Value ofproduct

shipments($1,000)

Productshipments


shipments

311225 Fats and oils refining and blending�Con.311225 Fats and oils refining and blending�Con.3112254 Margarine, butter blends, and butter substitutes X�� 1 179 229 16.11311225W Fats and oils refining and blending, nsk, total X�� 434 088 5.93311421 Fruit and vegetable canning X�� D S311423 Dried and dehydrated food manufacturing X�� D S3114231 Soup mixes (including oriental, dried and dehydrated, and freeze�dried) and

bouillon X�� D S311512 Creamery butter manufacturing X�� D S3115120 Creamery butter manufacturing X�� D S311941 Mayonnaise, dressing, and other prepared sauce manufacturing X�� D S3119414 Prepared sauces, except tomato X�� D S3119417 Mayonnaise, salad dressings, and sandwich spreads X�� D S999890 Sales of products bought and sold without further manufacture, processing, or



311230 Breakfast cereal manufacturing 9 102 527�� X 100.00311211 Flour milling X�� 19 012 .213112114 Wheat mill products, except flour X�� D S311211A Prepared flour mixes, including refrigerated and frozen doughs and batters,

made in flour mills X�� D S311230 Breakfast cereal manufacturing X�� 7 321 475 80.433112301 Ready�to�serve breakfast cereal foods (except infant cereals) X�� 6 629 326 72.833112304 Other breakfast cereal foods X�� 587 498 6.45311230W Breakfast cereal manufacturing, nsk, total X�� 104 651 1.15311320 Chocolate and confectionery manufacturing from cacao beans X�� D S3113207 Other chocolate and cocoa products, made from cacao beans X�� D S311422 Specialty canning X�� D S3114224 Canned soups and stews, except frozen and seafood X�� D S311423 Dried and dehydrated food manufacturing X�� D S3114238 Other purchased products packaged with dried and dehydrated ingredients

mitse X�� D S311514 Dry, condensed, and evaporated dairy product manufacturing X�� D S3115141 Dry milk products and mixtures X�� D S311812 Commercial bakeries X�� D S3118125 Rolls (bread�type), muffins, bagels, and croissants X�� D S311821 Cookie and cracker manufacturing X�� D S3118214 Cookies, wafers, and ice cream cones and cups (except frozen) X�� D S311822 Flour mixes and dough manufacturing from purchased flour X�� D S3118220 Prepared flour mixes (including refrigerated and frozen doughs and batters),

made from purchased flour X�� D S311823 Dry pasta manufacturing X�� D S3118230 Dry macaroni, spaghetti and egg noodle products, mitse (except canned or

frozen) X�� D S311919 Other snack food manufacturing X�� D S3119194 Corn chips and related products X�� D S3119197 Other chips, sticks (hard pretzels, bacon rinds, popcorn (except candied), etc.)

, excluding crackers, soft pretzels, and nuts X�� D S311999 All other miscellaneous food manufacturing X�� D S3119991 Desserts (ready�to�mix) X�� D S3119994 Sweetening syrups and molasses X�� D S311999B Packaging purchased macaroni and noodle products with other purchased

ingredients X�� D S311999J Flavoring powders, tablets, and paste (including dry mix cocktails) X�� D S311999P Other food preparations X�� D S312111 Soft drink manufacturing X�� D S312111A Non�carbonated soft drinks X�� D S999890 Sales of products bought and sold without further manufacture, processing, or



311311 Sugarcane mills 1 663 833�� X 100.00311311 Sugarcane mills X�� D S3113110 Raw cane sugar X�� D S311312 Cane sugar refining X�� D S3113120 Refined granulated cane sugar and by�products X�� D S999999 All other products made in this industry X�� 4 820 .299999999 All other products made in this industry X�� 4 820 .29

311312 Cane sugar refining 2 696 992�� X 100.00311311 Sugarcane mills X�� D S3113110 Raw cane sugar X�� D S311312 Cane sugar refining X�� 2 634 576 97.693113120 Refined granulated cane sugar and by�products X�� 2 634 576 97.69311313 Beet sugar manufacturing X�� D S3113130 Beet sugar X�� D S311511 Fluid milk manufacturing X�� D S311511D Perishable dairy product substitutes X�� D S311942 Spice and extract manufacturing X�� D S3119421 Table salt (evaporated), pepper (white and black), and other spices X�� D S3119425 Flavoring extracts, emulsions, and other liquid flavors and food colorings

(except synthetic) X�� D S930000 Receipts for work done for others on their materials X�� – –9300000 Receipts for work done for others on their materials X�� – –999800 Miscellaneous receipts, including receipts for repair work, sales of scrap and

refuse, etc. X�� – –9998000 Miscellaneous receipts, including receipts for repair work, sales of scrap and

refuse, etc. X�� – –999890 Sales of products bought and sold without further manufacture, processing, or

assembly X�� 20 303 .759998900 Sales of products bought and sold without further manufacture, processing, or

assembly X�� 20 303 .75999999 All other products made in this industry X�� – –


Manufacturing�Subject Series Product Analysis Summary 3U.S. Census Bureau, 2002 Economic Census



value ofshipments1

($1,000)

Value ofproduct

shipments($1,000)

Productshipments


shipments

311312 Cane sugar refining�Con.999999 All other products made in this industry�Con.9999999 All other products made in this industry X�� – –

311313 Beet sugar manufacturing 2 256 399��

Documents

Industry-Product Analysis Summary:2002 · Industry-Product Analysis Summary: 2002 2002 Economic Census Manufacturing Subject Series Issued March 2005 EC02-31SX-1 U.S. Department of