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Industry, Empire and the Realist Style. Industrialism Nationalism Realism. Population Changes. During the 19 th Century the population of Europe doubled Despite 60 million Europeans emigrating US Canada South America Australia/New Zealand. Industrial Revolution. 1750 to 1850 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Industry, Empire and the Realist Style
IndustrialismNationalismRealism
Population Changes During the 19th Century the population of
Europe doubled Despite 60 million Europeans emigrating
USCanadaSouth AmericaAustralia/New Zealand
Industrial Revolution 1750 to 1850 Starts in England
Steam engineTextile production
Rise of factoriesMass production Urbanization
Rise of corporations
England’s Industries
Coal Mining in Britain1800 1 ton of coal 50,000 miners
1850 30 tons 200,000 miners
1880 300 million tons 500,000 miners
1914 250 million tons 1,200,000 miners
Young Coal Miners
British PigIron Production
Factory Production Concentrates production in one
place [materials, labor]. Located near sources of power
[rather than labor or markets]. Requires a lot of capital
investment [factory, machines, etc.] more than skilled labor.
Textile FactoryWorkers in England
1813 2,400 looms 150,000 workers
1833 85,000 looms 200,000 workers
1850 224,000 looms >1 million workers
The Factory System Rigid schedule. 12-14 hour day. Dangerous
conditions. Mind-numbing
monotony.
Young “Bobbin-Doffers”
Stereotype of the Factory Owner
“Upstairs/Downstairs” Life
The Power Loom
James Watt’s Steam Engine
Steam Ship
Steam Ships in the Opium War
Steam Locomotive
Impact of the Railroad
Industrial Staffordshire
Percentage of World Manufacturing Output 1750 - 1900
Nationalism Unification of Germany Unification of Italy Expansion of Russia Western economic control of
Africa, Latin America and Asia
Unification of Italy
Unification of Germany
Expansion of Russia
Colonialism
Political Shifts Democracy
Extension of the vote to the working classSuffrage movement
SocialismBased on work of Marx and Engels
Suffrage Emmeline Pankhurst Women’s Party in 1917:
Equal pay for equal work.
Equal marriage & divorce laws.
A national system of maternity benefits.
Representation of the People Act (1918)
Women over 30 got the right to vote.
All men gained suffrage.
The Socialists:Utopians and Marxists
The people operate and own the means of production, not individuals.
Goal - society benefits everyone, not just the rich.
Tried to build perfect communities [utopias].
Realism Response to the social and economic
consequences of industrialism Objective and un-idealized Socially conscious to issues of class and
gender
Crystal Palace Exhibition 1851
Crystal Palace Exhibition 1851
Crystal Palace Exhibition 1851
Paris Exposition 1889 World’s Fair
held in honor of the French Revolution Centennial.
The Eiffel Tower, completed in 1889, served as the entrance to the Fair.
Paris Exposition 1889Gallery of Machinery