INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT NTPC,NEW DELHI

BY xyzEC 4th YEAR

• NTPC, India's largest power company, was set up in 1975 to accelerate power development in India

• It is among the world’s largest and most efficient power generation companies.• NTPC ranked 317th in the ‘2009, Forbes Global

2000’ ranking of the World’s biggest companies.• With a current generating capacity of 30,644

MW, NTPC has embarked on plans to become a 75,000 MW company by 2017

NTPC – Powering India’s growth

NTPC-INSTALLED CAPACITYNO. OF PLANTS CAPACITY(MW)

NTPC Owned

Coal 15 24,395

Gas/Liquid Fuel 7 3,995

Total 22 28,350

Owned By JVs

Coal & Gas 4 2,294

Total 26 30,644

OPEATING PERFORMANCE

ABOUT POWER PLANT

• Power Plant (also referred to as Generating Station or Power Station) is an industrial facility for the generation of electric power.• At Power Plants, generators are used as rotating machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy by creating relative motion between a magnetic field and a conductor.

ABOUT BADARPUR THERMAL POWER STATION

• The Badarpur Thermal Power Station has five units of Steam Turbine-Driven Generators, which has a total capacity of705MW.• The fuel being used is Coal, which is supplied from the Jharia Coal Field in Jharkhand. Water supply is given from the Agra Canal.

CAPACITY OF BTPS,NEW DELHISr .No. Capacity No. of Generators Total Capacity

1 210 MW 2 420 MW

2 95 MW 3 285 MW

TOTAL 705 MW

THERMAL POWER PLANT

• In a Thermal Power Plant, one of coal, oil or natural gas is used to heat the boiler to convert the water into steam.

• The steam is used to turn a turbine, which is connected to a generator.• When the turbine turns, electricity is generated

and given as output by the generator, which goes to the high tension transformer then supplied to the consumers through high-voltage power lines.

THERMAL POWER PLANT(Contd.)

• In a Thermal Power Plant, one of coal, oil or natural gas is used to heat the boiler to convert

the water into steam.• The steam is used to turn a turbine, which is connected to a generator.• When the turbine turns, electricity is generated

and given as output by the generator, which goes to the high tension transformer then supplied to the consumers through high-voltage power lines.

Process of a thermal power plant

OPERATION OF COAL FIRED POWER PLANT

THERMAL POWER PLANT

• There are basically three main units of a thermal power plant:

1. Steam Generator or Boiler2. Steam Turbine3. Electric Generator

STEAM GENERATOR ORBOILER

• A boiler or steam generator is a device used to create steam by applying heat energy to water.

• It is a rectangular furnace about 50 ft (15 m) on a side and 130 ft (40 m) tall.• Its walls are made of a web of high pressure steel tubes about 2.3 inches (60 mm) in

diameter.

STEAM GENERATOR ORBOILER(Contd.)

• Pulverized coal is air-blown into the furnace from fuel nozzles at the four corners and it rapidly burns, forming a large fireball at the center.• The thermal radiation of the fireball heats the water that circulates through the boiler tubes near the boiler perimeter.• The water circulation rate in the boiler is three to four times the throughput and is typically driven by pumps.

STEAM GENERATOR ORBOILER(Contd.)

• As the water in the boiler circulates it absorbs heat and changes into steam at 700°F or 370°C.• It is separated from the water inside a drum at the top of the furnace.• The saturated steam is introduced into superheat pendant tubes.• Here the steam is superheated to 1,000 °F or 540 °C to prepare it for the turbine.

STEAM GENERATOR ORBOILER(Contd.)

STEAM TURBINE

• Steam turbines are used to drive the generators, which produce electricity.

• The turbines are driven by steam generated in 'Boilers' or 'Steam Generators‘.

• Energy in the steam after it leaves the boiler is converted into rotational energy as it passes through the turbine.

STEAM TURBINE(Contd.)

• The turbine normally consists of three stages with each stage consisting of a stationary blade (or nozzle) and a rotating blade.

STEAM TURBINE(Contd.)

• Stationary blades convert the potential energy of the steam (temperature and pressure) into kinetic energy (velocity) and direct the flow onto the rotating blades.

• The rotating blades convert the kinetic energy into forces, caused by pressure drop, which results in the rotation of the turbine shaft.

STEAM TURBINE(Contd.)

• The turbine shaft is connected to a generator, which produces the electrical energy.

• The rotational speed is 3000 rpm.

TURBINE GENERATOR

• The generators are used to convert mechanical power, delivered from the shaft of the turbine, into electrical power.

TURBINE GENERATOR(Contd.)

• The mechanical energy from the turbine is converted by means a

- rotating magnetic field - produced by direct current in the copper winding of the rotor or field, - which generates three-phase alternating currents and voltages in the copper winding of the stator (armature).• The stator winding is connected to terminals, which are in turn

connected to the power system for delivery of the output power to the system.

TURBINE GENERATOR(Contd.)

• At Badarpur Thermal Power Station, 2-pole, 3000 rpm, 50 Hz generators are used of

capacities 210 MW and 95 MW.

COAL HANDLING DIVISION

• The processing of coal before it is fired to the furnace, comes under the coal handling division of the power plant.

• The Coal Handling Division of BTPS has the following parts:1. Railway Wagon Tripler2. Conveyor3. Coal Storage Ground4. Separator5. Pulverizer or Bowl Mill

COAL HANDLING DIVISION(Contd.)

COAL HANDLING DIVISION(Contd.)

• Pulverizers are used to crush it into fine powdered particles.

FIRED TO THE BOILER FURNACE FOR COMBUSTION

Control and instrumentation• Control and instrumentation has following labs: • Manometry Lab • Protection and Interlocks Lab • Pyrometry Lab • Automation Lab • Electronics Lab • Water Treatment Plant • Furnaces Safety Supervisory System Lab • Turbine Safety Supervisory Lab

THANK YOU