Industrial Project Ppt

7/31/2019 Industrial Project Ppt

1/32

PRESENTED BY:

MANTHAN S. PAGARE

ROLL NO. 37


2/32

INTRODUCTION

Types of cnc: vertical : heavy jobs2-axes : centre jobs

turn mill : eccentric job

Z-AXISIS FOR LENGTH

X-AXISIS FOR MAINTAINING DIAMETER


3/32

HISTORY

US air forces commissioned MIT to develop the

first numerical controlled m/c in 1949.

At 1970-1972 first computer numerical control

m/c wire developed.


4/32

DEFINITION

In cnc, the instructions are stored as :

A program in a micro-computer attached to the m/c

The program is printed on a tape punch

The tape punch reader reads the tape

As per the program machine starts working


5/32

CNC APPLICATIONS:

Machining 2.5d/3d

Forming 2D

3D Rapid prototype

Plasma and leaser cutting Milling m/cning centre

Turning - lathe, turning centre.


6/32

INDUSTRIES MOST AFFECTED BY CNC

1) Aerospace 4) Machinery

2) Electrical 5) Fabrication

3) Automobile 6) Instrumentation

7) Mould making


7/32


8/32


9/32

MACHINE CONTROL UNIT

Read coded instructions

Decode coded instructions

Feed axis motion commands to the amplifier circuit fordriving the axis mechanism

Receives the feedback signals of position and speed for

each drive axis.

Implement auxiliary control function such as coolant or

spindle on/off and tool change.


10/32


11/32

CLOSED LOOP SYSTEM

Dc or ac motor are used.

Position transducers are used to generate positional

feedback signal for error correction.

Better accuracy can be achieved.

More expensive.

Suitable for large size m/c tools.


12/32

DRIVE SYSTEM

A drive system consists of

amplifier circuit

stepping motor or servomotor

bolt lead screw.

The MCU feeds control signal of each axis to theamplifier circuit.


13/32

CNC PROGRAMING

Manual:Write codes directly

Computer assisted:

Draw cutter path

CAD/CAM:

Draw the part, cutter path is generated.


14/32

CYCLES COMPLETED IN THE SESSION

FINISHING CYCLE

OD/ ID FINISHING PROGRAM

G90 - SIMPLE TURNING CYCLE

G94SIMPLE FACING YCLE

G71

STOCK REMOVAL TURNING CYCLE

G72STOCK REMOVAL FACING CYCLE


15/32

G73PATTERN REPEATING CYCLE

G74- FACE GROOVING CYCLE

G75OD/ID GROOVING CYCLE

G92

THREADING CYCLE

G32 - FAST THREADING CYCLE


16/32

FINISHING CYCLE

Format

PROGRAM NO

HOME POSITON BY G28

G99 G40 G21M06 TOOL SELECTION

G97 M03 SPINDLE SPEED

COOLANT ON

G00 SAFE POSITION X ZBODY

G00 HOME POSITON

HOME POSITION AND SPINDLE STOP, COOLANT OFF


17/32

OD/ ID FINISHING PROGRAM

ALL THE BODY OF THIS PROGRAM IS SIMILAR TOTHAT OF FINSHING PROGRAM

ONLY THE DIFFRENACE IS

CLOCKWISE MOTION OF TOOL : G02

ANTICLOCKWISE MOTION OF TOOL : G03


18/32


19/32

G94SIMPLE FACING CYCLE

BODY UPTO POSITIONING IS SAMETHEN

G94 X Z F

Z

Z


20/32

G71STOCK REMOVAL TURNING CYCLE

G71 U

RG71 PQUWF

WHERE

U : DEPTH OF CUTR : TOOL RELIEF DISTANCE

P : NO OF BLOCK START

Q : NO OF BLOCK END

U : STOCK FOR FINISHING (X-AXIS)W : STOCK FOR FINISHING(Z-AXIS)


21/32

G72STOCK REMOVAL FACING CYCLE

G72 WR

G72 P

Q

U

W

F

WHEREU : DEPTH OF CUT

R : TOOL RELIEF DISTANCE

P : NO OF BLOCK START

Q : NO OF BLOCK ENDU : STOCK FOR FINISHING (X-AXIS)

W : STOCK FOR FINISHING(Z-AXIS)


22/32

G73PATTERN REPEATING CYCLE

G73 UWR

G73 PQUWF

WHERE :

U : DEPTH OF CUT FOR X-AXISW : DEPTH OF CUT FOR Y-AXIS

R : NO OF CUTS

P : START BLOCK NO

Q : END BLOCK NOU : STOCK FOR FINISHING (X-AXIS)

W : STOCK FOR FINISHING (Y-AXIS)

F : FEED

NO OF CUTS = HIGHER DIA LOWER DIA

2


23/32

G74- FACE GROOVING CYCLE

G74 RG74 XZPQF

WHERE:

R : TOOL RELOEF DISTANCEX : DIAMETER OF GROOVE

Z : LENGTHH OF GROOVE

P : DEPTH OF CUT IN MICRON

Q : TOTLA DEPTH OF GROOVEF : FEED


24/32

G75OD/ID GROOVING CYCLE

G75 R

G75 XZPQF

WHERE:

R : TOOL RELIEF DISTANCEX : DIA OF GROOVE

Z : POSITION OF GROOVE

P : DEPTH OF CUT IN MICRON

Q : TOTAL DEPTH OF GROOVEF : FEED


25/32

G92THREADING CYCLE

G92 X Z F

WHERE :

X : ROOT DIA

Z : LENGTH OF THREADF : FEED

CALCULATING ROOT DIA:

= 0.6134 * PITCH= ANSWER * 2

= MAJOR DIA ANSWER

= ANSWER / 2


26/32

G76 MULTI START THREADING

G76 P M r A Q R

G76 X Z P Q R F

WHERE:

P : NO OF START

M : NO OF IDEAL CUT FOR FINISH

R : TOOL RELIEF ANGLEQ : DEPTH OF THE CUT FOR EACH CUT

P : DEPTH OF THREAD IN MICRON

Q : DEPTH OF CUT FOR FIRST CUT

R : TAPER AMOUNT

F : FEED

X : ROOT DIA Z : THRAD CUTTING ANGLE

SR OPERATION MATERIAL CUTTING SPEED FEED


27/32

SR

NO

OPERATION MATERIAL CUTTING SPEED FEED

1 TURNING HSS 20-30 30-40 120-140 0.15-0.20 0.12-0.15 0.2-0.3

CARBIDE 60-80 100-150 250-300 0.20-0.30 0.15-0.20 0.25-0.35

2 FACE HSS 20-25 25-35 50-60 0.15-0.20 0.12-020 0.25-0.35

MILLING CARBIDE 75-100 75-100 180-200 1.0-2.0 0.12-0.20 1.0-1.35

3 END HSS 22-30 20-30 40-50 0.12-1.01 0.1-0.15 0.1-0.15

MILLING 75-90 70-90 150-180 1.0-1.5 0.16-0.22 0.15-0.25

4 DRILLING HSS 25-30 25-35 40-50 0.20-0.40 0.16-0.30 0.16-0.30

5 BORING CARBIDE 60-80 70-90 150-200 0.16-0.20 0.16-0.20 0.12-0.15


28/32

G-CODES:

G00- rapid positioning

G01- linear interpolationG02- circular interpolation (clockwise)

G03- circular interpolation (anticlockwise)

G04- dwell time/stop time

G10- data setting offset timingG17- X Y plane and tools is in Z- axis

G18- X Z plane and the tool is in Y-axis

G19- Y Z plane and the tool is in X-axis

G20- input in inchesG21- input in mm

G27- reference returns to check

G28- auto return to home position


29/32

G30- auto return to first reference position

G40- tool radius compensation cancels

G41- tool radius compensation left side

G42- tool radius compensation right side

G43- tool length compensation

G49- tool length compensation cancels

G53- machine co-ordinatesG54 to G59- work piece co-ordinates system to 1 to 6

G63- tapping mode

G64- continuous path cutting mode

G73 to G89- canned cycleG90- absolute programming

G91- incremental programming

G94- feed in mm/min


30/32

G95- feed in rev/min

G96- returns to initial level

G97- continuous speed

CANNED CYCLE:

G73- high speed peak drilling

G74- left hand-tapping cycle

G76- fine boring cycleG80- peak drilling cycle with dwell

G81- centre drilling cycle

G82- drilling cycle with dwell

G83- peak drilling cycleG84- tapping cycle


31/32

G85- reaming cycle

G86- boring cycle

G87- back boring cycleG88- manual boring cycle

G89- boring with dwell

G27- maintenance code

G31- skip functionG50- maximum spindle lock w


32/32

M-CODES:

M00- program stop

M01- optional stopM02- program end

M03- spindle rotates in clockwise direction

M04- spindle rotates in anti clockwise direction

M05- spindle stopM06- tool index

M08- coolant on

M09- coolant off

M30- program end and resetM98- sub-program call

Documents

Industrial Project Ppt