INDUSTRIAL CITIES DIRECTORATE - QPIC - DUST...DC Industrial Cities Directorate EIA Environmental Impact Assessment ... national mandate.The Mesaieed Industrial City (MIC) of Qatar

INDUSTRIAL CITIES DIRECTORATE

HSE DEPARTMENT

DUST CONTROL STRATEGY(DCS)

QPR-CHE-11

24/02/2014

Date

CHE1 CHE2 CHE CH DC

Prepared by Prepared by Reviewed by Approved by Endorsed by

INDUSTRIAL CITIES DIRECTORATEDUST CONTROL STRATEGY (DCS)

Date :24th Feb. 2014Page :2 of 38

DOCUMENT CHANGE HISTORY

Doc. Code Rev.No. Date Revision Description Page

No.Approved

By

0 8th Sept. 2013 -Initial publication All DC

QPR-CHE-11 1 24th Feb. 2014 -Combining MIC and RLIC DustControl Strategy

All DC

Note:



TABLE OF CONTENTS

SNo Details Page No.1 Goal 5

2 Purpose and Objectives 5

3 Scope 5

4 Abbreviations 6

5 Definitions 6

6 Reference Documents 7

7 Roles and Responsibilities 7

8 Industrial Cities Introduction 7

9 Dust Pollution 8

9.1 Environmental Impacts 8

9.2 Health Impacts 8

10 Dust Dispersion Modeling 8

11 Environmental Requirements 9

12 Dust Pollution - Non-Compliance Penalties 9

13 Dust Control Strategy 10

13.1 Dust Pollution issues 10

13.2 Dust Emission Sources 1

13.3 Establishing Stakeholder Groups 12

13.4 Compliance Assistance 12

14 Facilitate communication and training 1

15 Establishing Environmental Management Plan 13

16 Compliance Monitoring 14

Contd…



TABLE OF CONTENTS (contd…)

SNo Attachment Details PageNo.

1 Attachment-1 Sources of Dust Generation in MIC - Natural (Sand dunes) andIndustrial (gabbro)

16

2 Attachment-2 Sources of Dust Generation in RLC (other than Project ConstructionWorks)

17

3 Attachment-3 Environmental Requirements 18

4 Attachment-4 Soucre:1: Raw material storage, handling and transport at BACSABerth area

19

5 Attachment-4 Soucre:2: Industrial and Infrastructure project construction activities 23

6 Attachment-4 Soucre:3: Abrasive (Sand) blasting works 26

7 Attachment-4 Soucre:4: Industrial Operations (Concrete and Asphalt Batching Plants) 28

8 Attachment-4 Soucre:5: Heavy equipment and vehicular traffic 29

9 Attachment-5 Fog Maker for Dust Control & Specialized Transport Equipment 30

10 Attachment-6 Covered Aggregate Storage (Hanger type) 31

11 Attachment-7 Typical Blasting Enclosures 32

12 Attachment-8 (i). Dust Control through Water Sprays 33

13 Attachment-8 (ii). Dust Control through Water Sprays – Prevention, Suppression 34

14 Attachment-8 (iii). Dust Control through Water Sprays – Nozzle Selection 35

15 Attachment-8 (iv). Dust Control through Water Sprays – Nozzle Selection 36

16 Attachment-8 (v). Dust Control through Water Sprays – System Control Options 7

17 Attachment-8 (vi). Dust Control through Water Sprays – Optimizing Performance 38



1. GoalDust Control Strategy (DCS) provides an overall clear strategy and guidelines with respect toindustrial, construction, and port activities to implement dust control measures to preventfugitive or airborne dust pollution, and achieve a world class industrial city and also ensuresustainable development to support Qatar National Vision 2030.

2. Purpose and ObjectivesPurpose of the Dust Control strategy is to control dust emission and consequently improveAmbient Air Quality by short term and long term strategies.

To implement and achieve a comprehensive DCS followings are objectives; Environmental requirements for dust control Identifying and quantifying dust emission sources Provide dust control guidelines for different sources Provide compliance assistance and monitoring to enhance environmental quality Establish stakeholder groups Facilitate communication among stakeholders to coordinate environmental activities Ensure sufficient resources, technical and organizational capacity Establishing Environmental Management and Compliance monitoring

3. ScopeDust Control strategy shall be used as a standard operating procedure by all stakeholders.This guideline covers construction activities and construction materials handling in: Gabbro storage sites Cement primary materials including Iron ores, bauxite, clinkers, etc. Concrete batching plants Asphalt plants Rock crushers & screening activities Ports designated for import of construction materials Industrial construction activities Abrasive blasting works Infrastructure projects Ash stored in the operational areas

Dust Control Strategy will be used as a standard guide for all dust generators to prepareprocedures and action plan to control dust at sites and activities. The Strategy will beimplemented in conjunction with the RLC/MIC Environmental Regulations and Ministry ofEnvironment (MoE) Regulations and Requirements (Environmental Permit and Consent toOperate).

Note:Scope of this DCS document excludes ‘Dust Control in Closed Places of Work’. The MoE Executive By-Law ofthe State Environment Protection Law - Annex (3/ 6): specifically addresses this under “The standards for dust inthe (closed) Places of Work”.



4. AbbreviationsAAQM Ambient Air Quality MonitoringAAQS Ambient Air Quality StandardsAERMOD Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling System – US EPAAQMS Air Quality Monitoring Station(s)ATP Approval To ProceedBACSA Barge Aggregate and Cement Storage AreaCTO Consent to OperateDC Industrial Cities DirectorateEIA Environmental Impact AssessmentEP Environmental PermitRLIC RasLaffan Industrial CityMIC Mesaieed Industrial CityMoE Ministry of EnvironmentQA/QC Quality Assurance and Quality ControlQP Qatar PetroleumTCLP Toxicity Characteristic Leaching ProcedureTIW Treated Industrial WaterTSE Treated Sewage EffluentWRAP Western Regional Air PartnershipWSSA West Side Support Service Area

5. Definitionsa) Dust - defined as all particulate matter up to 75 µm in diameter and comprising both

suspended and deposited dust (solid particulate). Dust is also defined as particulatematter which is or can be suspended into the atmosphere as a result of mechanical,explosive, or windblown suspension of geologic, organic, synthetic solids, and does notinclude non-geologic particulate matter emitted directly by internal and externalcombustion processes.

b) Fugitive dust: is defined as dust that could not reasonably pass through a stack, chimney,vent, or other functionally equivalent opening. Significant atmospheric dust arising fromthe mechanical disturbance of granular material exposed to the air and the dustgenerated from these open sources is termed "fugitive" because it is not discharged tothe atmosphere in a confined flow stream.

c) Knot is a unit of speed equal to one nautical mile or 1.852 Kmph or approx. 1.151 mph.d) PM10 - a mass fraction of airborne particles with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 microns

or less. It is comprised of coarse particles (2.5-10 µm in diameter).e) Stakeholders: means to include QP, End users, Contractors, etc.f) Wind Speed & Dust Settling relation: Literature indicates that, for a typical mean wind

speed of 16 km/hr (10 mph), particles larger than 100 µm are likely to settle out within 6to 9 meters (20 to 30 feet) from the point of emission. Particles (majority dust) that are 30to 100 µm in diameter are likely to undergo impeded settling. These particles, dependingupon the extent of atmospheric turbulence, are likely to settle within a few hundred feetfrom the source. Smaller particles, particularly PM-10, have much slower gravitationalsettling velocities and are likely to have their settling rate retarded by atmosphericturbulence.



6. Reference Documents Environmental Permits (EP), Consent to Operate (CTO) issued by MoE and Approval to

Proceed (ATP) issued by DC to Industries and contractors. Executive By-Law for The Environment Protection Law, Issued vide the Decree Law No.

30 for the Year 2002. MIC Environmental Guidelines and Protection Standards. RLC Environmental Regulations. Land Lease Agreements. QP Guidelines for Preparation of Environmental Management Plans. DOC NO: QP-GDL-

V-002 (2014)

7. Roles and Responsibilities CH: HSE Manager support and facilitate team plan and actions to achieve dust emission

reduction. CHE: Head of Environment manage and ensures involvement of all stakeholders in

implementing the dust control strategy and achieving dust emission reduction objectives. Senior Environmental Engineer: Provides technical assistance, communicates, and

recommends Best Environmental Management Practice to stakeholders. Environmental Engineer: Audits the dust emission controls in place and ensures

compliance monitoring with legal requirements. Provides report on status of dust control. Senior Environmental Technician: Conducts site inspections to verify dust conditions at

site and reports status. Stakeholders’ representative: Communicate with their management to integrate emission

reduction plan into overall management program, identify internal resources andimplement plants in emission reduction.

CB Representative: Business Department ensures stakeholders’ compliance withproperty lease agreement.

CE Representative: Engineering Department ensures stakeholders, compliance with ATPrequirements.

Companies Representatives: Each group of companies will nominate one person toattend forum meeting and communicate with relevant industries.

8. Industrial Cities IntroductionUnder Amiri decree, MIC is established as an Industrial City Directorate in support of thenational mandate. The Mesaieed Industrial City (MIC) of Qatar Petroleum (QP) is locatedapproximately 40km south of Doha, East side of Qatar peninsula in vicinity of sand dunes(Attachment-1). MIC consists of Port, Heavy Industrial Area for major industries, lightindustries, support service area, temporary gabbro storage area, commercial centre andcommunity area. MIC port is being used to import gabbro and cements for constructionactivities in Qatar.

Ras Laffan Industrial City (RLIC) is situated along the north east coast of Qatar overlookingthe Arabian Gulf and lies 70 kilometres from Doha. RLIC has 248 square kilometers of area(Attachment-1) developed and operated specifically for natural gas based industries thatproduce gas products and their derivatives from the natural gas produced in the North Field.RLC operates a sea Port and provides several industrial Facilities, Infrastructure andServices. Aggregate receipt at RLIC Port, land area development by the industries,construction & infrastructure projects has been source major source of dust in RLIC.

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The implementation of Qatar laws, RLC Environmental Regulations and MIC EnvironmentalGuidelines and Protection Standards is a necessary condition for each investor in RLC andMIC respectively. Industrial Cities land lease agreements has made it clear that suchrequirements must be clearly implemented. In order to ensure that implementation iseffective, it is necessary to have a strategy with an adequate capacity to ensure compliance.Attachment-3 shows some of the Articles in MIC Company’s service agreement and RLCEnvironmental Regulations.

9. Dust PollutionDust is normally fine (micron size) suspended particles of dry matter. It can be made up ofinorganic material such as soil, grains etc or it can result from the breakdown of organicmaterials such as plants or their pollen. Dust can be generated from all activities atconstruction sites, transport, etc, or it can merely result from the action of wind whipping upsoil or sand and depositing the dust elsewhere. Dust can form a cloud or be held in air, buttends to soon settle on the ground. Generally, the warmer drier summer period is when mostof the dust problems arise and are predominant.

9.1. Environmental issues due to Dust PollutionDust causes significant environmental damage such as air pollution, visibility reduction andproperty damage. Depends on chemical properties of dust, dust pollution can result in soilquality deterioration and the acidification of nearby sea, settling of sediments onto theseabed and thereby affect the port as well as diversity of ecosystems. Dust pollution can alsocause aesthetic damage, staining and damaging building materials, spoiling property andother belongings.

9.2. Health Impacts due to Dust PollutionParticulate matter (dust) contains microscopic solids (PM2.5) that are so small that they cantravel deep within the lungs and cause serious health problems. Numerous scientific studieshave linked particle dust pollution exposure to a variety of problems, including:

increased respiratory symptoms, such as irritation of the airways, coughing, ordifficulty breathing, for example;

decreased lung function; aggravated asthma; development of chronic bronchitis; etc.

10. Dust Dispersion ModelingDepending on the nature of the project or activities it may be required to carry out ‘DustDispersion Modelling’ as part of an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study that iscarried out for the entire project. Modelling is required to verify the potential of the activitiesthat results in dust emissions violating the RLC ambient air quality standards.

Few of the activities that require ‘Dust Emission’ modelling include land development inproject areas. In RLIC, many of the project sites are required to clear the top soil and upperlayer of soil and at times the ground at the project site is also elevated to meet storm waterand other requirements. This results in soil disturbance, hauling and refilling with attendantdust pollution which needs to be modelled.



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Most areas in MIC area are Sabkha (low-lying land) and need to be raised for developmentpurposes. This requires filling and consequently dust is generated from filling and spreadingon sites.

During dust emission modelling, dust emissions from excavation and earth moving activitiescan be estimated using US EPA Approved and/or MoE accepted software, the software shalltake into account ‘volume of earth moved, duration of construction period and area ofconstruction sites. For modelling of haul road dust emission, the ‘Haul Road Work GroupFinal report’ gives guidance for modelling the fugitive dust emissions using AERMOD. Oneyear of meteorological data is adequate for this dust modelling. Annual average, peak - 1hr,8hr and 24hr shall be calculated from the modelling and Isopleths shall be drawn to show theextent of dust emission spread from the source. For modelling, the receptors shall beconsidered at 25mts intervals within the plot area and at a spacing of 50mts outside the plotboundary where the modelling shall be carried out to a maximum extent of 2 Km from thesource.

11. Environmental RequirementsEnvironmental regulation requires industries to comply with environmental standards. AllINDUSTRIAL CITIES tenants are obliged to comply with National, Regional regulations andland lease agreement requirements.

Ambient air quality standard for dust (Particulate Matter less than 10 micrometer – PM10) is150 µg/m3(24 hrs).

Qatar environmental regulation is enforced by MoE through the permitting system. Theenvironmental permit (EP permit to construct) and consent to operate (CTO), specifiessource-specific standards (based on Environmental Executive By-Law) and other conditionswith which a company or contractor must comply.

In addition to MoE Environmental Executive By-Law, RLC Environmental Regulations andMIC Environmental Guidelines and Environmental Protection Criteria have been establishedfor industries and contractors to comply within the RLC & MIC.

Gabbro storage site(s) in the industrial cities are running based on MoE environmental permitwith no requirement for CTO. While gabbro material users such as cement, concrete andasphalt plants are required to have valid CTO. In both type of permits, PM10 in ambient airshould be in compliance with MoE standards.

As per regulations and land lease requirements, stakeholders should not allow dustemissions to cause or contribute to substantive complaints or excess visible emissionsbeyond their property boundaries.

12. Dust Pollution & Non-Compliance PenaltiesOne-off" occurrences will not be considered as dust nuisances. However, if maximum ofthree dust complaints are received from the same source, it will be investigated and after thata possible penalty will be levied against Dust Nuisance. The investigation will be with respectto dust pollution effects that pose a threat to health and environment and to have a significantimpact on another person(s) or property in the same premises or in neighbourhood and theeffect is more than just an nuisance or irritation and the dust pollution occurs for some length



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of time (say for ten minutes in any one hour), and/or with some frequency (thrice a week ondifferent days).

Industrial Cities Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) Department is responsible for dealingwith complaints regarding dust pollution from Industrial activities including construction sites,plant operations, city road users etc. It is Industrial Cities’ policy to work with stakeholders todiscuss the dust issues and achieve the necessary improvements, whenever possible. But insome cases where this cooperation is not being given, Industrial Cities will rely on its legaland enforcement authorities. Should a dust nuisance be established Industrial Cities willserve a non-compliance notice on the stakeholder responsible, requiring them to takemeasures to reduce the dust. Failure to comply with the notice can lead to a penalty leviedunder Industrial Cities Environmental regulations.

13. Dust Control StrategyThe following three well established principles are central to the dust control strategies to beadopted at sites. They follow a hierarchy to control the emissions of dust, reduce humanexposure, and maintain aesthetics and ambient air quality standard in the industrial city:

Prevention Suppression Containment.

The three principles are embedded in this strategy and are used in a way that is appropriateto the scale of a particular development and the potential exposure of site workers,neighbouring industries/areas and other susceptible receptors.

In most cases, good work practices provide substantial opportunities for dust emissionreduction and contribute to minimizing investment in a dust control application program.

13.1. Dust Emission SourcesDust generators in industrial cities are grouped into the following major groups;

I. Aggregate handlinga. Material Importers & suppliers at the Ports (Qatar Primary Material Company, etc)b. Construction Companies that store temporary gabbro materialsc. Cement, Concrete, Asphalt and Crusher Plants that store gabbro and raw materials

for production processII. Construction activities involving Industrial and Infrastructure projectsIII. Abrasive blasting works (Sand & Copper Slag) carried out before painting of metallic

structuresIV. Metal and Petrochemical Industries

The prime major source of dust generation in industrial cities is due to aggregates handling.Aggregate handling includes importing, temporary storage, distribution and transportation.

Materials transfer from Vessel to stockyards Materials loading from stockyard to trucks Materials transfer from stockyard to end users Operations at the Construction Materials Industry (asphalt and batching plants)

The second major source of dust generation is construction activities involving Industrial andInfrastructure projects due to:



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Soil and fill during excavation activities and detonation of hard surfaces Exposed excavation faces or disturbed ground surfaces Soil and excavated & top soil stockpiles Crushers & Screening of excess excavated materials Loading and unloading operations of soil Soil backfill placement, grading, and compacting Excess construction material/debris handling at port reclamation site(s) and at waste

management facility and Demolition activities

13.2. Dust Emission IssuesINDUSTRIAL CITIES has two categories of air quality challenges. First, various localpollutants mix with particulates in the air—including chronically high levels of natural dust—tocause air quality problems that contribute to respiratory illnesses and visibility. Second,manmade dust emissions, mostly comes from construction material handling in designatedarea for gabbro storage and support service area. In addition to mentioned sources,industrial products (sulfur) and by-products (slag) stock piles in open area emit dust.

Existing Air Quality Data as background data shows PM10 concentration in INDUSTRIALCITIES area exceeds AAQM Standards set by MoE during windy days.

Currently more than hundred emission sites are allocated in industrial cities. Gabbromaterials, which have size (0-20 mm), port activities (loading, unloading and transportation),slags from metal processing industries and sulphur storage in open areas cause non-pointsource dust emission in INDUSTRIAL CITIES.

AAQM data can identify root cause of the problems. Both quality and quantity data will bereviewed by stakeholders before any program or project proposals. Major parameters thatcan help to identify emission sources and concentration are.

PM10 data Wind speed and direction Material movement into and out of INDUSTRIAL CITIES CTOs non-compliance reports

A number of factors that can result in dust emissions in INDUSTRIAL CITIES area. Thesecould be:

Lack of proper procedures to handle materials Cost / benefit associated with activities and environmental protection Poor environmental management and monitoring Unpaved truck routes from stockyard to client’s destination Winds and dry conditions Lack of training program for employees

Regular site visit, environmental audit will be performed by INDUSTRIAL CITIES to identifyenvironmental noncompliance and required measures to improve environmental quality inINDUSTRIAL CITIES. This is achievable by:

Auditing the sites for environmental requirements Improve environmental management practices



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13.3. Establish Stakeholder GroupSuccessful environmental programs will require active engagement through industries. Bothmajor industries and small companies have important roles in promoting environmentalquality. Stakeholder is an individual or entity that has an interest in or is affected by theplanning, implementation or results of the strategy. The positive and unprecedentedengagement of stakeholders reflects a genuine desire to improve and protect theenvironment that is in the best interest of the industrial cities.

At the moment about hundred companies are active in gabbro and construction materialhandling in INDUSTRIAL CITIES. Majority of these companies are construction companiesthat use INDUSTRIAL CITIES land as a temporary storage area. The main material handlingand other dust sources in the industrial cities are shown in Attachment-1 for MIC andAttachment-2 for RLIC.

A forum consisting of representatives from INDUSTRIAL CITIES - CH, CB, CE, CM and COdepartments, QPMC the main importer, construction companies, cement companies andasphalt companies will be formed. The forum responsibility will be liaison among membersand to ensure that all members’ site activities are in accordance with all applicable legalrequirements, and standards. Terms of Reference (TOR) will be prepared by INDUSTRIALCITIES and approved by all stakeholders. After approval of TOR by stakeholders, animplementation plan will be developed to ensure compliance with the standards requirementsand achieve milestones in pollution reduction.

13.4. Compliance assistanceStrengthening environmental compliance and enforcement requires collective efforts amongcompanies and individuals. Compliance assistance activities are designed to improvecompliance and helping companies to understand their obligations under environmentalregulations and business requirements. It is imperative to identify the best solution(s) fromthe technical, operational, environmental and economic points of view for the development offuture INDUSTRIAL CITIES industries to meet the requirements of new industries andexpansion projects. A wide range of principles are used for best solution, including “bestavailable techniques” (BAT), “best practicable technology” (BPT), “best practicableenvironmental option” (BPEO) and “best available techniques not entailing excessive cost”(BATNEEC). These approaches are open to interpretation; however, all are related toestablishing the highest levels of equipment and performance that can reasonably bedemanded from industrial projects. Alternatively, emissions standards can be established byestimating the discharges that are compatible with ensuring that receiving areas around theplant meet the ambient standards defined for a pollutant.

In order to improve air quality in INDUSTRIAL CITIES, following actions are proposed; Receive better quality materials (less dust containing aggregates) from supply

sources Provide better know how to improve material handling and air quality at construction

material handling sites Establish knowledge source and learn from those who achieved excellence Increase collaboration and exchange of experiences among stakeholders Assist in implementation of Dust Control Strategy Support in Dust Control Plan preparation



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Suggest Dust Emission modelling requirements Advise on monitoring equipment and requirements Conduct joint site inspections

Best Available Techniques for dust control and management of each of the main dustsources are provided in Attachment-4.

Examples of different type of ‘dust control equipment and control measures’ are detailed inthe following Attachments for general assistance and information:

Attachment-5: Fogging Equipment for dust control during material handling andSpecialized Transport Vehicles

Attachment-6: Special type of covered building which can be assembled anddismantled very easily. Covered storage can arrest dust inside and prevent dustemission outside of the storage area.

Attachment-7: Blasting Enclosures Attachment-8: (i to vi ) depicts technical details of typical water spraying techniques

for dust control

14. Facilitate communication and trainingIt is important to address environmental problems among all stakeholders to discuss andprovide solutions and improvement. Members should communicate these problems toindustrial cities authorities in a comprehensive, comprehensible, and transparent manner.Members should create conditions for information exchange that will build capacity forimproved environmental compliance.

Forums and training stakeholders’ employees can promote problem identification andenhance compliance to business requirements and regulation. In order to promoteenvironmental performance, each company or contractor should:

Provide training to all employees. Ensure that service providers, as well as contracted and subcontracted labour, are trained

adequately before assignments begin through appropriate monitoring. Share information regarding the types of environmental hazard from stored, handled or

used materials at the facility. Record and monitor all accidents and injuries and provide training on prevention of latest

record. Invite representatives of other similar industries and contractors to participate in periodic

orientation tours and site inspections to ensure familiarity with potential environmentalhazards present.

15. Establishing Environmental Management PlanEnvironmental Management promotes a cycle of continuous improvement and ensures thatenvironmental strategies and standards are aligned with national and regional standards andregulations. Environmental Management Plan (EMP) includes monitoring of ambient airquality and implementing preventive action plans for operation of construction materialshandling or other type of dust producing activities. EMP corrective action is a key issue tocontrol dust emission at project sites, storage sites and port. Industries and Contractors



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through their environmental management plans are to minimize the negative impacts on theenvironment. Currently there are no proper environmental management plans in place forsmall investors and industries especially for gabbro storage sites. Henceforth, EMP ismandatory and should be submitted by all stakeholders before start-up of any projectactivities and for existing and future plant operations.

The exact content of the dust control plan will be determined by the site evaluation but typicalfeatures to include in the stakeholder dust control plan are: Summary of work to be carried out Description of site layout and access – including proposed haul routes, location of site,

equipment(s) layout Supply of water for damping down, source of water, storage capacities available, tankers

available, drainage etc Details of enclosed / contained areas Inventory and timetable of all dust generating activities List of all dust and emission control methods to be used Identification of an authorized responsible person on-site for air quality. A site log book to record details and action taken in response to exceptional incidents or

complaints or dust causing episodes. It should also be used to record the results ofroutine site inspections.

Details of the contractor’s workforce training in areas such as health and safety, bestpractice methods for environmental protection, dust control, site housekeeping, reportingprocedures and communication must be made available.

All staff should have some training of on-site pollution control policy, as part of siteinduction training.

List of monitoring protocols Agreed procedure of notification and submitting periodical reports to the DC

Environment Department.

16. Compliance MonitoringCompliance monitoring determines compliance status and detects violations to regulatoryobligations and to other related requirements. Compliance monitoring requires stakeholdersto undertake air monitoring, site inspections, auditing, investigations and evaluation offacilities to determine compliance status and to respond to complaints.

For low risk sites ambient air quality monitoring for dust emissions will vary from visualassessments, monitoring the site dust deposition and the soiling rates indicating the dustnuisance. Dust monitoring through handheld portable instruments at scheduled intervalsshall be carried out for medium risk sites. Real time automatic monitors for PM10 shall beinstalled for all high risk sites. Material handling facilities are considered as high risk activitiesand batching plants/crushers are considered as medium risk sites. Other dust generationactivities are considered low risk sites.

All project sites have to determine the baseline situation before construction or operationactivities begins. Other than those prescribed by MoE in the permit and CTO, Industrial CitiesEnvironment Department will provide advice on the appropriate ambient air qualitymonitoring procedure, number of monitoring locations and timescale of monitoring - therequirements of which will be determined on a case by case basis.



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For high risk sites, operation of a minimum of two (2) automatic particulate monitors tomeasure PM10 levels at either end of the transect - either inside or outside the site boundaryis required. These instruments should provide particulate matter (dust) data that can bedownloaded in real-time.

Where the project requires automatic real-time air quality monitoring to be carried out by thestakeholder, monitoring procedures frequently used are:

Monitoring along a transect (straight line) across the construction site, set up in thedirection of the prevailing wind. This will allow the stakeholder to take into accountbackground levels to determine the relative contribution of air quality and dustemissions from the project or plant site.

Monitoring shall also be required close to the sensitive receptors, if any in the area, toassess any impact at these locations.

Industrial Cities Environmental Engineers will verify the stakeholder monitoring reports; auditeach of the facility, through an inspection or other investigation methods, to verify thecompliance in accordance with dust control regulations and other requirements. IndustrialCities will also keep an log of the dust complaints received.

Several methods are available to control stakeholder operations and monitoring programs.Valid environmental permit to construct and consent to operate from MoE are the basicminimum permits required and these spell out dust control to be carried out and the airquality monitoring requirements and reporting conditions required for material handling,project construction activities and batching plant operations.

In addition to above MoE requirements, when an approval is required for start of any projectactivity in RLC, a common work area permit with the following is required: Dust Control Planand Particulate Monitoring program(s). All environmental monitoring reports will be evaluatedagainst requirements and dust control plan submitted.

A maximum action level for PM10 concentrations at the boundary of a work site is governedby AAQS values dictated by MoE regulations limit of 150 microgram/m3 as a one-houraverage. If this is exceeded, the stakeholder should monitor upwind AAQ values and if thisconcentration is greater than 150 microgram/m3 above the background and there is visibledust outside the site, additional controls should be put in place, such as personal protectionfor workers or wetting of material or work areas or suspend work causing dust if levels do notdecline.

If the environmental engineer/inspector, through an audit or any other reports, finds that thefacility is not in compliance with the environmental standards, environment section shallhandle the violation as per Raslaffan Environmental Regulations and as explained underDust Pollution - Non-Compliance Penalties Section of this document.



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ATTACHMENT-1Source of Dust Generation in MIC Area - Natural (sand dunes) and Industrial (gabbro)



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ATTACHMENT-2Sources of Dust Generation in RLC (other than Project Construction Works)

PortReclamationActivities

FutureWest SideConcreteBatchingPlants

BACSAMaterialHandlingArea –MARPOLBerth

ExitingEast SideConcreteBatchingPlants

ProjectMaterialStockPiles

Copperslagblastingin drydock

Future IndustrialDevelopment

Activities



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ATTACHMENT-3Environmental Requirements

Reference is also made to the RLC Environmental Regulations: Clauses 3.11 and 5.2 whichdetail on requirements of dust control.

Stakeholders shall not cause, allow, or permit any material to be produced, handled,transported, or stockpiled without taking measures to reduce to the minimum any particulatematter from becoming airborne and prevent exceeding the ambient air quality standards(above the background values) beyond the property line.



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ATTACHMENT-4BEST AVAILABLE TECHNIQUES FOR DUST CONTROL OF DIFFERENT SOURCES

Soucre:1: Aggregate storage, handling and transportDust emissions are inherent in usage of aggregates due to the open handling and bulktransfer of these materials from source to storage, loading and transportation to thedesignated construction area of industrial and infrastructure projects.

Dust emissions control in material handling sites can be achieved by:(a) Mass transfer reduction during main working hours.(b) Site Management (example: wind sheltering)(c) Stock Pile management Improvement related to work practices and transfer equipment

such as load-in and load-out operations (e.g., drop height reduction, moisture retention,surface treatment through wet suppression).

(d) Prevention of spillageThe following Best Available Techniques (BAT) shall be followed:a) Site

Management: Provide Barriers like a containment sheet fence, wind fence,

sediment fence, or similar barrier to control air currents and the soilblow out.

All of the external fences in the area shall be engineered to serveas wind barriers as well as a solid containment. Barriers willprevent any erosion by obstructing the wind near the ground andpreventing the soil from blowing off site.

Barriers shall be placed at right angles to prevailing windcurrents to control both air currents and blow up of soil. Barriersheight shall be adequate to ensure dust control.

Windbreaks such as trees, hedges of suitable height and size shallbe used to act as wind barriers.

Make certain minimum of 5-10 mts offset is available from the siteboundaries to the stock piles.

b) Stock PileManagement:

If storage bays are used for stock piling, storage height should belower than external walls of the bays unless suppression isprovided.

Intermittent or continuous dust suppression shall be applieddepending on the atmospheric conditions.

Also, the quantity of water applied shall be managed to preventexcess water that can cause erosion problems and start flowingwithin the area.

Treated Industrial Water (TIW) may be used where available bymeans of spray bars or hoses with nozzles.

At the end of each work day, the disturbed areas of the unloadedmaterial shall be wetted down.

As feasible temporary cover(s) for active stockpiles shall beprovided. Tarps, canvas, plastic sheet etc can be used fortemporary covering. When used these coverings must be properlyanchored so as to prevent wind from removing it.

Loading and unloading procedures shall be confined to thedownward side of the storage piles.



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Additional Stock Pile Management during periods of high winds shallbe suitably selected after studying the following: Chlorides: Addition of Chloride retains moisture for prolonged

periods helping fight against dust and erosion problems. This shallbe studied and attempted after ensuring its techno-economicfeasibility. It is important to consider the potential effects on thestock material for further usage.Examples of chlorides are calcium chloride brine or flakes,magnesium chloride brine, sodium chloride. These products workby significantly increasing surface tension of water between dustparticles, helping to slow evaporation and further tightencompacted soil. Products ability to absorb water from the air is afunction of temperature and humidity. These products work best inlow humidity environments. Frequent re-application in dry climatesand must be watered to activate during dry months.

Polymers: Application of polymers for dust control by creating sealover the soil surface is a known used phenomenon. The dryapplied polymers must be initially watered for activation and to beeffective for dust control. This dust control method, bonds theindividual soil particles together and dries, it forms a flexible "crust"that strengthens the surface of the soil. It is estimated thateffectiveness of polymer stabilization methods are very high andranges from 70 percent to 90 percent. Polymers are most effectivein areas that are not subject to daily disturbances and theapplication should be as per manufacturer’s recommendations.

Examples of polymers are polyvinyl acetates, vinyl acrylics.Polymers also increase the load-bearing strength of all types ofsoils. Polymers are non-toxic, non-corrosive, and do not polluteground water. Polymers dry virtually clear to create an aestheticallypleasing result. Polymers create a tough yet flexible crust toprevent wind and water erosion.

c) Prevention ofspillage

Prevention of spillage and subsequent spreading of material byvehicles traversing the area is essential to cost-effective dustemission control. If spillage cannot be prevented because of theneed for intense use of mobile equipment’s in the material storagearea, then regular cleanup should be employed as a necessarymeasure to rectify the problem.

d) Soil LoadingDust Control(Vessel toTruck)

Unwashed gabbro materials will be imported through industrial cityport berths. Generally, 1.5 to 2% of the gabbro is estimated to be finematerial that is the main source of dust during unloading of theVessels/Barges via crane and loading material into the truck throughhoper. During wind, chances of dust moving onto the port waters andsettling as sediments sitting on the seabed will be an issue and affectlong term port operations. Hence, the following should be carried outby the operator: Ensuring washing of the gabbro materials at the source of export is

the best solution.



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Water spray on the Vessel/Barge load before starting to removethe materials and spraying water at hopper’s mouth to prevent dustemission during loading trucks.

As far as possible, the loading operations especially in case of windstrength above 15 - 20knots shall be re-scheduled.

The loaders shall be slowly emptied and the bucket kept close tothe truck while dumping.

Cement raw fine materials unloading from Vessels/Barges to trucksshall be through vacuum equipment to directly feed bunker trucksor shall be through use of jumbo bags.

e) Transportationby Trucks

Transportation of construction materials from port to storage areas andend user sites requires large number of trucks. Costs associated tomaterial transportation, vessel waiting period, and other issues mightcause a high speed movement of trucks from port to other storagesites and as a result may increase dust emission from truck beds. Proper ‘truck movement’ management by stakeholders should be in

place to monitor drivers’ performance on ensuring covering of thetruck material and maintaining speed of the truck.

Mechanical road sweepers shall be employed on roadsimmediately if a material spill is reported.

Availability of bottom dumping haul vehicles shall be verified andsuch vehicles shall be utilised.

All vehicles associated with the contract shall be clearly labelledand availability of material movement manifest shall be ensured.

Queuing or parking of vehicles in the site shall be controlled, bothduring & before start of works.

All vehicles should switch off engines – no idling shall be permitted. Vehicles shall be washed effectively before leaving the site if there

is a risk of affecting receptors en-route. Hard standing or paved areas shall be provided for vehicle parking

and regularly these areas shall be inspected and cleaned. Vehicles/trucks should not be overloaded and a suitable freeboard

to be maintained. All trucks should cover truck beds to prevent dust emission from

the trucks during transportation. Ensure the spillage from body of the truck is managed and

removed before & after loading or unloading.

Application to MoE for environmental permit and as required CTO shall be submitted bystakeholders. A copy of the MoE environmental permit and/or CTO should be availableon-site and stakeholders shall adhere to the conditions therein at all times.

Fugitive Dust Handbook of WRAP, provides a fair idea of the dust (PM10) controlefficiencies for different dust control measures adopted for “Materials (Aggregate)Handling” activity and is provided here for ready reference and to assist in selection ofsuitable control measure:



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Control Measure Published PM10 Control EfficiencyWet suppression implementation 50 – 90%Erect 3-sided enclosure around storage piles 75%Cover storage pile with a tarp during high winds 90%

Dust control efficiencies as per Fugitive Dust Handbook of WRAP for different fugitivedust control measures adopted for “Wind Erosion of Stock Piles in Open Areas” is asbelow:

Control Measure Published PM10 Control EfficiencyPlant trees or shrubs as a windbreak 25%Create cross-wind ridges 24 – 93%Erect artificial wind barriers 4 – 88%Apply dust suppressant or gravel 84%Water exposed area before high winds 90%



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Soucre:2: Industrial and Infrastructure project construction activities:Dust emissions during the construction of any project is associated with land clearing,drilling and blasting, ground excavation, cut and fill operations (i.e., earth moving), andconstruction of a particular structure or road. Dust emissions often vary substantially fromday to day, depending on the level of activity, the specific operations, and the prevailingmeteorological conditions. A large portion of the emissions results from constructionvehicle traffic over the temporary roads at the construction site.

In case of specifically road construction projects, dust emissions are highly correlated withthe amount of earthmoving that occurs at a site. Almost all roadway construction involvesextensive earthmoving and heavy construction vehicle travel, causing dust emissions tobe higher than found for other construction projects. Most road construction consists ofgrading and levelling the land, requiring high level of cut and fill activity.The potential for a construction site to impact through dust emissions at the sensitivereceptors is dependent on many factors, some of which include the following:

location of the site proximity of sensitive receptors extent of intended excavation nature, location and size of stockpiles and the length of time they are to be on-

site occurrence and scale of dust generating activities - including cutting,

detonation as the case may be exposed excavation faces or disturbed ground surfaces; necessity for on-site crusher and screening soil backfill placement, grading, and compacting disposal of excess construction material/debris at port reclamation site(s) and

at waste management facility site number and type of vehicles required on-site potential for dirt or mud to be made airborne through vehicle movements and

weather conditions.

The following Best Available Techniques (BAT) shall be followed:a) Site Management: During excavations, existing vegetation and surfacing shall

be left in place until the particular area is required to beworked, so as to prevent windblown dust arising from theexposed sub soil.

Each phase shall be graded separately and shall be timed tocoincide with construction phase. If grading is required to becarried out at a stretch, chemical stabilisers shall be appliedto graded areas where construction is scheduled to beginmore than 30 days after the grading is completed.

To prevent access onto the graded/disturbed sites andcausing dust pollution, “No Trespassing” signs shall beinstalled in the project sites at strategic locations.

For long term project sites, using trees/shrubs or 3 to 6 feetcontainment barriers is recommended on the fence line aswind fencing.



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b) ConstructionManagement

During wind strength of above 15 – 20 knots, stakeholdersshall verify and re-schedule as far as possible operations thatwould be most likely to cause excessive dust emissions.

Providing enclosure for ‘Crushers’. Ensuring wet drilling. Establishing automatic sprinkler systems at critical points. Crusher if any shall be sited such that the prevailing wind

does not carry dust to nearby sensitive receptors. Crushers shall be used only for crushing of the material

excavated from the project sites. Crushing of materialprocured from outside quarries or other project sites will notbe allowed in Industrial Cities.

Drop heights to crusher shall be reduced to control the fall ofmaterials by using variable height conveyors or chutes.

c) Stock PileManagement

After discussions with DC Engineering section the location ofexcess soil disposal shall be firmed up so as to avoid doublehandling transfer points.

Use of long-term stockpiling on-site shall be avoided. Steep sided stockpiles or mounds or ones which have sharp

changes in shape shall be avoided. Stockpiles shall be kept at least 10mts away from the site

boundary. Stockpiles shall be kept enclosed or kept securely sheeted.

The secure covers shall be removed in small portions aswork proceeds and not all at once.

Take into account the prominent wind direction when sitingthe stockpiles so as to reduce the likelihood of affectingsensitive receptors.

Fine material (under 3mm in size) shall be stored in completeenclosures only.

DC Environmental Department shall be contacted forapproval, if stakeholders need to stockpile material out oftheir project area for a particular purpose or reason.

d) Demolition activitiesof Structures(concrete/masonry)

Structures that need to be demolished shall be sheeted andscreened with suitable material and where possible inside ofthe structures shall be stripped before the demolition begins.

Stakeholder shall organise an inspection with RLCEnvironmental Department after clearing the internals of thestructures and before start of demolition.

Enclosed chutes and covered skips/trucks shall be used fordebris disposal.

A specialist contractor shall remove any asbestos relatedmaterial before demolition and asbestos material shall bewrapped up properly for disposal as per MoE requirements.

Any biological debris in the demolition materials shall besegregated, bagged and removed from the site as soon aspossible.



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The structure shall be dampened down before demolition. Explosive / Implosive blasting is not recommended and only

appropriate manual or mechanical alternatives shall be usedfor demolition of structures.

e) Transportation Same conditions as detailed for Source:1

A copy of the project MoE environmental permit shall be available on-site andstakeholders shall adhere to the conditions therein at all times.

Fugitive Dust Handbook of WRAP, provides a fair idea of the dust (PM10) controlefficiencies for different dust control measures adopted for “Construction/Demolition”activity and is provided here for ready reference and to assist in selection of suitablecontrol measure:

Control Measure Published PM10 Control EfficiencyWater unpaved surfaces 10 – 74%Limit on-site vehicle speed to 15 mph 57%Apply dust suppressant to unpaved areas 84%Prohibit activities during high winds 98%



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Soucre:3: Abrasive (Sand & Copper Slag) blasting works:Abrasive blasting is the use of abrasive material to clean and prepare metal surfaces priorto painting. Sand is the most widely used blasting abrasive. Other abrasive materials usedinclude copper slag, iron grit, garnet, etc, as well as synthetic abrasives such as siliconcarbide, plastic beads etc.

A number of different methods can be used to control the emissions from abrasiveblasting. These methods include: blast enclosures; vacuum blasters; drapes; watercurtains; wet blasting; and reclaim systems.

As a prime dust preventive measure, at project sites, stakeholders requiring abrasive(sand) blasting shall avoid all such activities in their lay-down areas and project sites tothe maximum extent possible by outsourcing the blasting works to the major Workshopsestablished for this specific purpose in the RLIC West Side Support Service Area (WSSA)or in MIC Light Industrial Area. These Workshops are fully contained with major housing;well-designed with auto blasting and reclaim facilities, vacuum dust extractiontechniques, dust collection facilities, local exhaust ventilation, particulate monitoring etc.

However, stakeholders still requiring in-situ blasting in their lay-down areas and projectsites shall operate such that they are able to meet the clean air requirements for theambient (as well as occupational) environments by complying with the following BestAvailable Techniques (BAT):

a) Material Used inBlasting

An abrasive blasting medium must not contain more than2% free silica (crystalline silicon dioxide) e.g. garnet.

If abrasive blasting medium is to be re-used, it must firstbe separated from dust and other particles whichcontaminate the abrasive medium from previous blasting.

Metal contents must not exceed TCLP limits prescribed inRLC and MIC Environmental regulations.

b) Blasting enclosure If abrasive blasting is performed in areas other than acomplete blasting enclosure workshop that is outdoors forgood reasons measures shall be taken by the stakeholderto ensure that ambient air and occupational standards fordust are met by containing the area, so as to substantiallyreduce the incidence of airborne dust in the workplace.

The outdoor abrasive blasting facility shall be hard pavedsurface with high containment walls, including placing of asplit curtain on the entry side of the outdoor blasting facilitywhich will reduce the loss of abrasive medium and wherepossible allow its re-use.

The height of the containment wall shall be adequate toprevent airborne dust in the surrounding and higher thanthe tallest structure to be painted.

The split curtain at the front end of the outdoor blastingfacility shall be of neoprene rubber or plastic materialwhich is split vertically into 2-4 cm wide strips that allowsthe movement of material to be painted and at the same



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time ensures containment of abrasive material even fromthe entry side. Top rollable vinyl curtains can also be usedfor the front end.

c) Waste materialhandling

All dusty residues shall be vacuumed up rather thanphysical sweeping away.

The retained abrasive blasting medium after userecovered each day through vacuuming after the end ofblasting activities and temporarily stored in jumbo or superbags in a dedicated storage place within the projectlaydown area.

The used blasting material bags shall be disposed offfrequently to RLC Waste management facility under anapproved waste manifest.

Fugitive Dust Handbook of WRAP, provides a fair idea of the dust (PM10) controlefficiencies for different dust control measures adopted for “Abrasive Blasting” activityand is provided here for ready reference and to assist in selection of suitable controlmeasure:

Control Measure Published PM10 Control EfficiencyWater spray 50 – 93%Fabric filter > 95%



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Soucre:4: Industrial Operations (Concrete and Asphalt Batching Plants):For major projects, the batching plants shall be established within the project site tominimise the truck traverse and dust emissions on the industrial city roads.

The following Best Available Techniques (BAT) shall be considered to prevent conditionsconducive to dust generation and suppress dust should it occur at the operating batchingplants.a) Material Handling All stock piles shall be within fully enclosed areas.

Minimum of 10 mts offset from the site boundaries forstock piles shall be maintained.

Drop heights during transfer of aggregate to bins, transferof dry batch material to the mixer shall be reduced tocontrol the fall of materials by using variable heightconveyors or chutes.

Wetting of material stockpiles shall be ensured. Area within the plants shall be completely paved. Understanding the prevailing wind direction the stockpile

shall be located as a function of dominant wind in theindustrial city.

Operators must be aware when hot, dry and windyconditions are likely to occur and additional appropriateactions like deploying of water sprays before suchconditions arise shall be undertaken so as to prevent extradust emissions.

b) Plant Operations Feed hopper and conveyors shall be covered. Silos shall be provided with bag or cartridge filters for

arresting dust. Frequent maintenance of the bag filters and their

scheduled periodic replacement should be carried out. As far as possible, the operations that would be most likely

to cause excessive dust emissions shall be avoided,especially in case of wind strength above 15 - 20knots.

c) Waste materialhandling

Clean-up of material spillage at conveyor transfer pointsshall be ensured from time to time.

Dedicated waste management area and washing pit shallbe made available within the batching plant sites.

d) Transportation All concrete mixer truck chutes to be covered with acompany branded colored bags.

Strict speed limit shall be implemented within the site, onthe approach roads and during traverse through the city

It is the responsibility of the batching plants to wetunpaved haul roads (if any) connecting the batching plantsto the main industrial city road network to ensure dustcontrol.

A copy of the MoE environmental permit and/or CTO shall be available on-site andstakeholders shall adhere to the conditions therein at all times.



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Soucre:5: Heavy equipment and vehicular traffic:When a vehicle travels on an unpaved road the force of the wheels on the road surfacecauses pulverization of surface material. Particles are lifted and dropped from the rollingwheels, and the road surface is exposed to strong air currents in turbulent shear with thesurface. The turbulent stir behind the vehicle continues to act on the road surface afterthe vehicle has passed. The quantity of dust emissions from a given segment of unpavedroad varies linearly with the volume of traffic. The following Best Available Techniques(BAT) shall be followed:

a) Transportation Roads- All off site traffic shall be limited to specificdesignated roads. Off-road travel will be authorized onlyby DC Environment Department and EngineeringDepartment on a case-by-case basis (e.g., off-road travelto access the nearest industrial city road etc.).

Traffic speed shall be restricted to an appropriate level onall these designated off roads and displayed at selectvisible locations.

All designated off roads will be considered as highpotential dust source areas, and as such, will be a priorityfor dust controls utilizing water(TIW/TSE) and/ortemporary paving.

Chlorides: Chloride retains moisture for prolongedperiods helping fight against dust and erosion problems.The unique property of chlorides helps to hold down dustand stabilize unpaved road surfaces, creating smooth-riding roads that last. Hence, any wetting of roads, shallalso adopt mixing of suitable chloride components.TIW/TSE shall be used for wetting as far as possible.

Industrial city roads connected by designated roads shallbe regularly inspected and cleaned of tracked soils orspilled materials.

Fugitive Dust Handbook of WRAP, provides a fair idea of the dust (PM10) controlefficiencies for different dust control measures adopted for “Movement on Paved andUnpaved Roads” activity and is provided here for ready reference and to assist inselection of suitable control measure:

Control Measure Published PM10 Control EfficiencyPaved Roads:Sweep streets 4 – 26%Minimize track out 40 – 80%Remove deposits on road ASAP > 90%Unpaved Roads:Limit vehicle speed to 25 mph 44%Apply water 10 – 74%Apply dust suppressant 84%Pave the surface >90%




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ATTACHMENT-5 Dust Control Equipment

Examples of different type of dust control equipment are shown for different kind of materialhandling.

Fog Maker for Dust Control in Qatar

SPECIALIZED TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT

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INDUSTRIAL CITIES DIRECTORATEDUST CONTROL STRATEGY (DCS) Page :

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ATTACHMENT – 6 Covered Aggregate Storage (Hanger type)

Covered storage building can arrest dust inside and prevent dust emission outside of thestorage area. Figure below shows special type of covered building which can be assembledand dismantled very easily.

)




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ATTACHMENT – 7 Typical Blasting Enclosures

(or)

Paved Area Paved AreaContainment

Sheets

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(or)


Sheets

INDUSTRIAL CITIES DIRECTORATEDUST CONTROL STRATEGY (DCS) Page :

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(or)


Sheets



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ATTACHMENT – 8 - (i) - Dust Control through Water Sprays

Page :INDUSTRIAL CITIES DIRECTORATEDUST CONTROL STRATEGY (DCS)


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ATTACHMENT – 8- (ii)- Dust Control through Water Sprays – Prevention, Suppression



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ATTACHMENT – 8 (iii)- Dust Control through Water Sprays – Nozzle Selection



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ATTACHMENT –8 (iv)- Dust Control through Water Sprays – Nozzle Selection



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ATTACHMENT – 8 (v)- Dust Control through Water Sprays – System ControlOptions



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ATTACHMENT – 8 (vi) - Dust Control through Water Sprays – Optimising Performance

