IMPORTANT REMINDER: While Africa takes pride for having

produced one ancient civilization which is that of Egypt’s Nile Valley, Asia takes pride for having produced not just one but THREE ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS. This means that Asia is the BIGGEST birthplace of OLDEST CULTURES OF HUMANS. Is that something to be proud of?

QUESTIONS: 1) Where was Asia’s third ancient civilization? 2) Which country/countries now

occupies/occupy this site? 3) Was there an earlier or Neolithic village

even before the Indus Valley civilization? 4) Which two ancient cities were excavated to

prove Indus valley civilization? 5) Using G-R-E-S-A-S-A-W, how did the two

cities differ from each other? What were there similarities?

6) How did the Indus Valley civilization end? 7) Which is best: Sumer civilization, Huang Ho

civilization or Indus Valley civilization? Why?

QUESTION NUMBER 1:

Where was Asia’s third ancient civilization?

• Ancient Indus Valley civilization

PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.

QUESTION NUMBER 2:

Which country/countries now occupies/occupy this site?

QUESTION NUMBER 3: Was there an earlier or Neolithic village even before the Indus Valley civilization?

ANSWER:

MERGARH- somewhere west of the Indus River (Baluchistan, now part of Pakistan). The people in Mergarh engaged in agriculture, sheep raising and making cereals. Their houses were made of clay bricks.

QUESTION NUMBER 4:

Which two ancient cities were excavated to prove Indus valley civilization?

ANSWER: HARAPPA AND MOHENJO DARO

MOHENJO DARO AND HARAPPA (ANOTHER LOOK)

QUESTION NUMBER 5: Using G-R-E-S-A-S-A-W, how did the two cities differ from each other? What were there similarities?

GOVERNMENT:

Both were ruled by priest kings.

RELIGION: Their religion were animism and

polytheism. They worshipped many gods some of which were animals like the very revered BULL.

ECONOMY: AGRICULTURE was their main economic activity. They hade excellent irrigation system.

EVIDENCE OF MOHENJO DARO’S AGRICULTURE AND IRRIGATION

Wells from afar Wells from near sight

EVIDENCE OF HARAPPA’S AGRICULTURE AND IRRIGATION

RICE GRANARY WELLS

STRATIFICATION: Their social classes were the ruling

class who lived inside the citadels; the farmers and traders lived outside citadels. Some slaves live with their masters.

ARTS: Both had pottery and jewelry making.

ANSWER:the city had two planned areas (1) the citadel which is usually found in the western region, elevated of 40 feet with fortress walls surrounding. In the citadel, there you find the rice granary, marketplace and public bath. (2) city proper which is lower in elevation where the house are the same and built against the street. The streets are done in grid pattern.

EVIDENCE OF BRICK ARCHITECTURE OF MOHENJO DARO

Public bath Narrow streets

MOHENJO DARO/S CITADEL

MOHENJO DARO’S WIDE VIEW OF CITADEL

EVIDENCE OF HARAPPA’S BRICK ARCHITECTURE

Block houses citadel

HARAPPA’S ARCHITECTURE

Crafts area Gateway and fortress

WRITING: PICTOGRAM

HOW DID THE INDUS CIVILIZATION END? 1) ECOLOGICAL FACTORS (floods,

deforestation) 2) violent earthquake and volcanic

erruption 3) Invasion of outsiders such as

the Aryans

The saddest ending? The cities were abandoned and buried in mud.

QUESTION: Which one is BEST?

Sumer civilization? Huang Ho civilization? Indus civilization?

VALUING QUESTION: Which one and biggest one thing from

ancient civilizations that our present civilization does not treasure?

SLAVERY