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Induction & Fuel Systems
Mr. Lombardi
Induction
The term “induction” applies to the pathway for fuel and air to enter the combustion chamber.
Including:– Fuel Storage, Filters, Lines, & Pumps– Carburetion– Fuel Injection– Manifolds
The Purpose of A Fuel System
Basic Parts of A Fuel SystemBasic Parts of A Fuel System
Air CleanerFuel Tank
Fuel Line
Fuel Inj/Carb
Fuel Pump
Fuel Filter
Air Filter
Fuel Tank
Usually two pieces of steel, welded together to form a container
Can also be made of plastic. It will have a fuel pickup in the deepest part Filler neck Vent to allow air back in Gauge Fuel pump
Fuel Filter
Screens out dirt and rust particles from the fuel, normally made into cartridges containing a filter paper.
Fuel Lines
A fuel line is a hose used to bring fuel from storage tank to the distribution center. (Carb/Injectors)
Commonly made of steel or high density plastic.
Fuel Pump
Fuel has to be pumped from the fuel tank to the engine under low pressure to the carburetor or high pressure to the fuel injection system.
Fuel Delivery
Carburetor Fuel Injection
Carburetors
Rely on the Venturi Vacuum principle Rated in CFM 3 Common Styles
– 1 Barrel– 2 Barrel– 4 Barrel (square bore/spread bore)
Venturi Vacuum
float bowl
fuel
atmosphericpressure
ventfuel
nozzle
venturi
vacuum
1 Barrel (200 – 400 CFM)
2 Barrel (350 – 500 CFM)
4 Barrel (400 – 1150 CFM)
Square Bore Vs. Spread Bore
Fuel Injection
Atomizes the fuel by forcibly pumping it through a small nozzle – Throttle Body Injection – 15 psi– Port Fuel Injection – 90 psi– Gasoline Direct Injection – 3,000 psi– Diesel Direst Injection – 30,000 psi
First Fuel Injection
1910 - Adams Farwell Originally adopted for diesel engines.
Typical Injector
Throttle Body Injection
1 or 2 Injectors for engine
Port Fuel Injection
An injector per cylinder aimed at the port opening.
Diesel Fuel Injection
Fuel injection “Timing” is critical
Direct Injection
Similar to Diesel, An injector per cylinder spraying directly inside each cylinder.
Intake Manifold
“Wet” for Carbureted applications “Dry” for Injected applications Older manifolds were made from Cast Iron Modern manifolds are made from Aluminum Future manifolds will almost always be made
of plastic (vinyl, phenolic resin, etc.)
Carbureted Intake Manifold
Injected Intake Manifold