INDIA

~ NAMASTE ~Greetings to All!

DRR Context in India:Implementation and

Monitoring

Presentation Outline

About India and Objective of Cordaid programme

DRR efforts by NGOs/Communities and Government

Risk Reduction “Monitoring” by community: Risk assessment tool

Way forward

India on the World Map

Floods 26 July 2005

Tsunami 26 Dec 2004

S Cyclone 29 Oct 1999

Flood, Assam & Bihar 2004

MAJOR DISASTERS (1980-2005)

Earthquake Uttarkashi, 20 Oct 1991, Chamoli, 23 April 1999

Bhuj, Earthquake, 26 January, 2001

Avalanche Feb 2005

Earthquake, Latur, 30 Sept 1993

Tsunami 26 Dec 2004

Tsunami 26 Dec 2004

Bhopal Gas Disaster, Dec 1982

Earthquake, Oct, 2005

Objective of Cordaid CMDRR programme

Vulnerable Communities in disaster prone areas are more resilient to

natural hazards, climate change and conflicts. Their capacity to cope with

and adapt to adverse situations is increased

Community Managed Disaster Risk Reduction

in India

NGO/Communities efforts in IndiaIdentification of Vulnerable

communities & areas prone to hazards (Andaman Islands, North Bihar, Rajasthan, Assam, Tamilnadu)

Undertaking hazard specific Risk assessment

Organizing the Community and formation of Community-based institutions: Self Help Groups/Youth Groups/Village Management Committees

Self Help Group meeting in action

Promoting Saving/Credit among the CBO members

“Savings” are a crucial & immediate support during/post hazard.

Government recognizing role of SHGs especially damage assessment/beneficiary selection post hazard

Creating linkages of these groups with Government schemes and institutions such as Banks/Insurance Companies leading to loan/MF for Livelihood & enterprise development

Community groups, individuals, livestock, assets and school buildings have also been brought under insurance coverage

Capacitating Communities for Community readiness/Micro planning:Formation of Rescue teams/task forces at village levelGrain BanksHigh Rise platformsEarly warning systems Hazard mitigation/prevention measures

SHGs (Self Help Group) have been engaged in advocacy and accessing Government schemes and resources (Emergency centres, funds & trainings) contributing to DRR

Risk Assessment to Risk Monitoring

Village Maps

Village Social and resource map on: 18-09-2009

Village Risk status on 26-02-2010

Village risk status on 15-03-2011

Village Risk status on 20-07-2011

      Detail of impactYears of Hazard/Period

Flood & Cyclone Situation Warning system

Speed of

Onset

Losses incurred during various hazards periods

Level of

water

Days when water gets logged in the area

Duration

Areas covered

    Human Infrastructure/Houses

Land Livelihood Household materials / psycho

social

2007 6 ft 8 days Houses

65-75

 

Heavy rains

8 hours

Nil Fully damage=12

Partially: 70

 

130 Are

 

Crop damage

Paddy:38 acres

Vegetables Horticulture

92 

Cooking utensils

Electronic items

                     

                     

                     

Hazard Assessment tool

2003 4 ft 12 days

Houses- 159

 

Heavy rains

6-7hours…

15 Fully damage

=60

Partially: 90

 

200 Are

 

Crop damage

Paddy:118 acres

Vegetables Horticulture

100

Cooking utensils

 

2005                    2007                    

Hazard Profile

Element at Risk

Describe location of Element at Risk in relation to Hazard

Grades Why the Element at risk

is inthat location?

What need to be done to

reduce vulnerability?

High Medium Low

Flood Houses 20 meters away from river/embankment

1, 75, 92, 18, 63, 45, 58

High1, 75, 92

58 Proximity to bandh, Their own

land

???

Life On embankment6, 13

High ???  

Hand Pump Low line areaPump no. 1, 5, 9

Medium Low lying land  

 

Summary Assessment 

Vulnerability Assessment Tool

Capacity Assessment Tool

Hazard Prevention measures

Existing Required Gaps What need to be done?

10 Ft band+ Damaged at two places

12 ft Band 2 ft Height + Repair/Strengthening

- De-silting of canal

De-silting of canal

Capacity Assessment Tool

Community Readiness

Food

Water

Sanitation

Shelter

Early warning

Mobility

Existing Required Gaps What need to

be done?

Pre Hazard event

During Hazard event

Factors that Community is Monitoring

Human Life: (Vulnerability and capacity)Location from Hazard:KnowledgeSkillsAbility to bounce back

(saving/income/preparedness/insurance)Houses/Infrastructure:

LocationCapacity to face hazard

Agriculture/Livelihood:Capacity to face hazardLocationMultiple option

Livestock:LocationAbility to bounce back

Institutions:PRISchoolSHGsTask forces

Important:Reduction in migrationFood/water/shelter/

sanitation

Way ForwardCommunity Managed disaster risk reduction is

yet to be achieved

“Community monitoring” needs to be institutionalized.

Local Governance has to be more pro-active in planning, implementing and monitoring along with the community.

“Social Audit”- a way for ensuring accountability and learning.

Thank You!