INDIA COUNTRY ANALYSIS

INDIA • Full name: Republic of India

• Population: 1.2 billion (UN, 2010)

• Capital: New Delhi

• Most-populated city: Mumbai (Bombay)

• Area: 3.1 million sq km (1.2 million sq miles), excluding Indian-administered Kashmir (100,569 sq km/38,830 sq miles)

• Major languages: Hindi, English and at least 16 other official languages

• Major religions: Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism, Jainism

HISTORY • Indus valley civilization, which flourished between 2800 BC and

1800 BC, The Indus valley people practiced agriculture, domesticated animals, made tools and weapons from copper, bronze and tin and even traded with some Middle East countries.

• Agriculture was the main economic activity of the people in the Vedic age but with the second urbanization a number of urban centres grew in North India. This gave a major fillip to trade and commerce.

• Most of the Indian population resided in villages and the economy of the villages was self-sustaining. Agriculture was the predominant occupation of the populace and satisfied a village's food necessities. It also provided raw materials for industries like textile, food processing and crafts.

• The system of castes and sub-castes ensured division of labor and functioned much like guilds, providing training to apprentices.

COUNTRY SIZE RELATED TO THE WORLD REGION • The Republic of India,

Asia's second-largest country.

• The total area is 3,287,590 sq km (1,269,345 sq mi), including 222,236 sq km (85,806 sq mi) belonging to Jammu and Kashmir.

• The area occupied by India is slightly more than one-third the size of the United States.

GEOGRAPHY • The country can be divided into

three distinct geographic regions: the Himalayan region in the north, which contains some of the highest mountains in the world, the Gangetic Plain, and the plateau region in the south and central part.

• Its three great river systems—the Ganges, the Indus, and the Brahmaputra—have extensive deltas and all rise in the Himalayas.

CLIMATE• The weather is mainly hot most of the year

with significant variations from region to region.

• The coolest weather lasts from around the end of November to the beginning of March, with fresh mornings and evenings, and mostly sunny days.

• The really hot weather, when it is dry, dusty and unpleasant, is between March and June.

• Monsoon rains occur in most regions in summer anywhere between June and early October.

ETHNIC GROUPS• The first three are represented mainly by tribal peoples

in the southern hills, the plateau, Assam, the Himalayas, and the Andaman Islands.

• The main Caucasoid elements are the Mediterranean, including groups dominant in much of the north, and the Nordic or Indo-Aryan, a taller, fairer-skinned strain dominant in the northwest.

• The dark-complexioned Dravidians of the south have a mixture of Mediterranean and Australoid features.

LANGUAGES

41%

8%7%

7%

6%

5%

4%

4%

3%

3%

3%

1%1% 6%Hindi Bengali Telugu Marathi Tamil Urdu

Gujarati Kannada Malayalam Oriya Punjabi AssameseMaithili other

RELIGION

81%

12%

2% 2%3%

Hindu Muslim Christian Sikhother

INDIA POPULATION

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010950000

1000000

1050000

1100000

1150000

1200000

1250000

India

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

LABOUR FORCE

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012360000

380000

400000

420000

440000

460000

480000

500000

India

EXCHANGE RATE

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100.018

0.019

0.02

0.021

0.022

0.023

0.024

0.025

India

BALANCE OF PAYMENT

YEAR2000

20012002

20032004

20052006

20072008

20092010

-60000

-50000

-40000

-30000

-20000

-10000

0

10000

20000

India

REAL GDP

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

1200000

1400000

Real GDP

India

NOMINAL GDP

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

1200000

1400000

1600000

1800000

2000000

India

WHAT IS OUR FUTURE ?

• Consumer spending on health care is likely to rise by more than 8 per cent annually until 2025—particularly on medical services, equipment, and pharmaceuticals. Initiatives such as education campaigns, which can shift spending to preventive measures, are vital, since a majority of India’s population is illiterate

• The population of India attains 1,100 million in 2004. It would grow to1,450 million in 2030.

• India has clearly benefited from closer integration into the global economy in industries such as automotive, business-process outsourcing, and IT.

• Wholesale banking in India is set for a period of sharp growth. Revenues from wholesale banking activities are likely to more than double over the next five years as infrastructure investment, expansion by Indian companies overseas, and further “Indianization” of multinational businesses, among other trends, drive new business.