Index Spiral Items #20-241B Topics

• This PowerPoint will let you know the information that I expect to see on each card.

• REQUIRED: Each card should include the following:– Title– Topic # (that matches the Table of Contents)– Concise / most important information– Use of color/illustrations to highlight information

#20 Gender of Nouns• All nouns in Spn. are masculine

(M) or feminine (F) – this is called gender

• What is gender based on?• Only thing you can look at to

know the gender of a noun 100%...

• Look at ARTICLE first, noun ENDING second.

• MOST noun endings follow a pattern – we use the following acronyms to help us determine gender when we DON’T have an article.

• MOST nouns are masculine if they end in:

L, O, S, E, R, MA, N• MOST nouns are feminine

if they end in:D, IÓN, Z, A

• Some nouns don’t follow this pattern (the acronyms) – those are gender “exception” words

#21 Gender Exception Words• They are nouns that do NOT

follow the usual pattern endings (the acronyms) in order to determine gender.

• The ending is masculine or feminine but the article is OPPOSITE of what it should be.

• You have no choice but to memorize them!

*Only shortened version of word is opposite, regular word is normal.

la televisión la fotografía

– la mano (hand)– la clase (class)– el día (day)– el lápiz (pencil)– la tele (TV)*– la leche (milk)– la carne (meat)– el agua (water – singular only)– el arroz (rice)– la madre (mother)– el papá (dad)– la flor (flower)– la foto (photo)*– la mujer (woman)– la sal (salt)

#22 Adjectives• Where are most descriptive adjectives

placed? Give an example• How it’s backward from English• Common adjective endings: M / F/ Neutral• Definition of adjective agreement –

highlight this because it is IMPORTANT!• SVINA?

#23 Definite & Indefinite Articles

• Write them all out – show masculine/feminine, singular/plural

• What do they mean?• An example of how you would use them• When would you use a definite vs an

indefinite article?

#24 Me Gusta + Infinitive

• A recap from chapter 1A; we’re revisiting this because of “le gusta”

• When saying that we like to do something, we use an infinitive because we are NOT doing that activity, we’re just in the process of liking it.

• Remember: we only use infinitives when someone is not actually doing the action!