Independence

Nationalism

• What is nationalism?– Examples of nationalism?

• Grew out of Euro. Rule– Rival tribes unite

• Pan-Africanism– Idea– Many of these nationalists were educated in

Europe.– “Africa for Africans”

Pan-Africanism

• Influenced Africans and African-Americans

• W.E.B. DuBois and Marcus Garvey – Both est. organizations

to support nationalism

• Present day ex.– Hugo Chavez– Bob Marley– Malcolm X

New Nations

• 1950’s- Only 4 independent nations• 1960’s-Birth of new nations• Ghana– Peaceful approach– Boycotted British goods—Successful – 1st to win independence

• North Africa– Algeria violently broke away from Fr. – Morocco and Libya peaceful

New Nations Cont.

• Kenya– Violently broke away from G.B.– Wanted economic and political reform GB says

no!– 1,300 people died during the fight for

independence

• Southern Africa– Guerrilla warfare earned independence – Why would they use this tactic?

Legacy of Colonial Rule

• Africans enjoyed– Tech. and standard of living of Europeans

• Were not prepared to rule– Lacked experience leaders

• Artificial Boarders – Instant conflict – Split tribes

• Economic Problems

Legacy

Positive • Built

– Schools– Roads

• Gave them the frame work for gov’t

• New crops and farming techniques

Negative• No money to support

– New roads– Schools– Training for jobs

• Militaries took over• Cash crops