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Introduction

• Sweetpotato - 7th most important food crop

• China -world‟s leading producer with a

production of 100,214.09 metric tons (FAO

2005)

• Philippines - 13th among the sweetpotato-

producing countries , 6th in Asia, with a total

production of 574.61 metric tons (FAO

2005)

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Sweetpotato- the vine of life

• all plant parts can be

utilized for food and feeds

• Leaves – vegetables and soilage

• Roots – staple

• -vegetable, snack, beverage, chips,

bakery products, pastries, candies, feeds

Sweetpotato-

an economic crop

• important cash crop in Central Luzon

• post-rice crop in Tarlac

• wet-season crop in upland areas of Bataan

and some parts of Zambales

• Local and domestic markets

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Sweetpotato production

BAS 2004• national average - 4.54 ton/ha

• Central Luzon- 3.89 tons/ ha

Central Luzon

• Production - 30,684 mt (7th)

• Area - 7893 hectares

Sweetpotato - native to

South America• introduced to the Philippines in the 16th century

• SP diversity exists in the country

– 2004 – 1586 accessions

– 2007 - 1122

• SP diversity due to

– natural and human selection

– Mutation

– recombination

– Introduction

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Conservation of

Sweetpotato Diversity

– Ex situ In situ

• Field genebank * home garden

• I n vitro * on-farm

Mandated Institutions for SP conservation

• PhilRoots- Phil Rootcrops Research and Training Center,

Visayas State University

• NPRCRTC- Northern Phil Rootcrops Research and

Training Center, Benguet State University

• NPGRL- National Plant Genetic Resources Laboratory.

IPB, CSC

SP Diversity in Central

Luzon

• SP varieties in Central Luzon,

– 1912- 1995 = 24

• Assessment of SP diversity in Central

Luzon

• 1995 - 5 varieties

• 2005 - 4 varieties

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Varieties 1995 2005

Super

Bureau

60-80 90

Taiwan 20-40

Ube 10-20

Bureau 5

Bentong

Percentage area planted to sweetpotato varieties

in Central Luzon

1990- wipe-out of Bureau in farmers‟ fields due to

SpFMV

10

Super Bureau – infected with „kulot‟ or SpFMV

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Mitigate loss of diversity

• Introduce additional Sp diversity

• Consider farmers‟ criteria of desired Sp

varieties

Selection criteria Farmers’ preference

Farmers’ reasons

Vine length Medium Lower cost in clearing at harvest

Root shape round, uniform easier packing and bagging

skin color Reddish to purple

marketability

Root size medium Marketability

flesh color light Consumer’s preference

Farmers’ selection criteria for sweetpotato in Central Luzon

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• In Central Luzon, production is

associated to marketability

• sweetpotato varieties acceptable to the

market are conserved

Objectives

General

• To increase sweetpotato diversity in Central Luzon

through use

Specific

• To evaluate the introduced sweetpotato varieties

on-station by various users

• To test adaptation of selected varieties in farmers‟

fields (on-farm evaluation)

• To identify suitable varieties and channel selected

varieties for adaptability and subsequent

multiplication by planting material producers in

Bataan

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METHODOLOGY

On-farm trials

Selected varieties

On-station trial

Introduction of varieties from

various sources

Flowchart of Activities

•Field trial

•Sensory evaluation

Sp planting materials producers

•Adaptation trial

•multiplication

FFD

FFD Participatory varietal

selection

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Introduction of varieties

• Matching farmers‟ criteria with existing Sp

collection

• October, 2005 - inventory of existing

sweetpotato varieties in LSU and BSU

• identified 18 potential varieties for

introduction

On-Station Trials

• Department of Agriculture-Central Luzon Integrated

Area Research Center for Lowland Development

(DA-CLIARCLD)

Number of varieties

• 1st batch= 13 + local checks, Taiwan and Super

Bureau

• 2nd batch =5 + Super Bureau

Dry season- December 2005

RCBD, 2 replications

• 4-row plot (2m x 6m)

• 12 cuttings/row

• Cultural management- Farmers’ practice

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Evaluation of varieties on-

station

Sensory evaluation

• Texture, taste, flesh color, aroma

Field Performance

• Vine length, root size, root shape, skin

color, flesh color

VARIETY

KATANGIAN

LAGO NG

LANGGOK

HUGIS

NG

LAMAN

LAKI

NG

LAMAN

KULAY

NG

BALAT

KULAY

NG

LAMAN

A1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

B 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

C 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

D 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

E 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

F 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

G 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

SWEETPOTATO EVALUATION SHEETROOTS

Pangalan: _______________________________

Trader _____ Grower _____ Processor _____ Agri Technician _____

Others _____

SCORE: 1 = Pinakatangap

5 = Hindi tanggap

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Criteria•diversity of ecology • market integration

Gerona -traditional growing area Pura -non-traditional/non-commercial growing area,Moncada - lahar and commercial areaBamban- upland and rolling landscape

Selection of sites for on-farm trials

TARLAC

Moncada

PuraGerona

Bamban

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Selected varieties

On-farm trials

4 sites, 2 farmers per set

Selected varieties, on –station trials

Sp planting materials producers

FFD

Pura Bamban

Gerona Moncada

Bataan

Tarlac

O

N

-

F

A

R

M

RESULTS

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UPLB (1st batch) VSU (2nd batch)

PSBSp 21 UPLSp 5PSBSp 18 UPLSp 11PSBSp 22 UPLSp 2PSBSp 14 PSBSp 29UPLSp 3 PSBSp 17PSBSP 23 NSICSp 28UPLS p1

NSICSp 25VSP 2VSP 3PSBSp 15NSICSp 26

List of introduced varieties.

Sensory evaluation

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Sensory evaluation of 13 introduced SP varieties

VarietiesSensory Attributes

Preference Ranked Scores

Over-all Acceptability*

* (%)

Acceptability Rating Scores Characteristics***

Aroma Color Taste Texture

Super Bureau -0.1821bcd 78.6ab 5.93a 5.86abc 5.57abcd 5.93a

Taiwan -0.3643d 42.9b 5.50a 5.86abc 4.77de 4.54b

UPLSp 5 -0.2429bcd 42.9b 5.21a 5.29bcd 4.93cde 5.29ab

PSBSp 18 0.2429abc 85.7a 5.57a 5.64abcd 5.64abcd 5.93a

UPLSp 11 0.000abcd 85.7a 5.50a 5.07cd 5.64abcd 5.64ab

PSBSp 22 0.0607abcd 78.6ab 5.71a 5.36bcd 5.71cde 5.46ab

UPLSp 2 0.3036ab 85.7a 5.45a 5.31bcd 6.15abc 5.92a

PSBSp 21 -0.1821bcd 64.3ab 5.79a 5.57abcd 5.36bcde 5.57ab

PSBSp 14 -0.1214bcd 84.3ab 5.57 a 5.71abcd 4.79de 5.50ab

NSICSp 29 -0.3036cd 50.0ab 5.14 a 4.71d 4.21e 4.57b

UPLSp 3 -0.2429bcd 57.1ab 5.86 a 5.21abcd 5.43abcd 5.50ab

PSBSp 17 0.4857a 85.7a 6.00 a 6.29ab 6.64a 6.14a

PSBSp 23 0.1821abcd 78.6ab 5.14 a 5.57abcd 5.86abcd 5.64b

UPLSp 1 0.2429abc 85.7a 6.08 a 5.69abcd 5.85abcd 6.00a

NSICSp 25 0.1214abcd 85.7a 5.21 a 6.57a 6.21ab 6.14a

F-value 0.017 0.042 0.425 0.027 0.000 0.028

On –station

evaluation of

introduced varieties

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Half of the plot

harvested

• Marketable and

non-marketable

roots classified

Each variety

was coded

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Farmers‟ on–station evaluation results

Variety VegetativeGrowth

Root shape

Flesh color

Skin color

Root size Mean scores

Taiwan 2.56 2.56 2.19 2.48 2.29 2.42PSBSp 21 2.38 2.56 2.72# 3.12# 2.29 2.62UPLSp 5 2.97 3.21# 2.73# 3.33# 3.35# 3.12#

PSBSp 18 2.48 2.42 2.38 2.58 2.33 2.44

UPLSp 11 1.62* 1.55* 1.53* 1.59* 1.57* 1.57*PSBSp 22 2.47 3.09# 2.47 2.94 3.09# 2.81#

UPLSp 2 2.70 3.24# 2.76# 3.06# 2.79# 2.91#

PSBSp 14 2.53 2.79 2.21 2.84 2.44 2.56PSBSp 29 2.76 4.03# 3.38# 3.79# 4.15# 3.62#

UPLSp 3 2.85 3.44# 2.68 3.12# 2.97# 3.01#

PSBSp 17 2.74 2.88 2.42 2.91 2.71# 2.73#

PSBSP 23 2.03* 1.71* 1.79 1.74* 2.09 1.87*NSICSp 28 3.18# 3.82# 3.47# 3.48# 3.64# 3.52#

UPLSp 1 3.41# 3.44# 3.03# 3.24# 3.29# 3.28#

F-value 6.19 24.36 9.21 15.11 21.82 60.85CV 39.49 30.44 41.32 33.89 30.24 35.67

* Means significantly higher than the local check variety, Taiwan# Means significantly lower than the local check, variety, Taiwan

Vegetative growth, root shape, flesh color, skin color and root size of 1st batch of SP varieties and Taiwan

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Variety VegetativeGrowth

Root shape Flesh color

Skin color Root size Mean scores

Super Bureau 2.33 1.94 1.93 1.90 2.06 2.03

PSBSp 21 2.38 2.56 2.72 3.12# 2.29 2.62UPLSp 5 2.97# 3.21# 2.73 3.33# 3.35# 3.12#

PSBSp 18 2.48 2.42 2.38 2.58 2.33 2.44UPLSp 11 1.62* 1.55* 1.53* 1.59* 1.57* 1.57*PSBSp 22 2.47 3.09# 2.47 2.94# 3.09# 2.81UPLSp 2 2.70 3.24 2.76# 3.06# 2.79 2.91#

PSBSp 14 2.53 2.79 2.21 2.84 2.44 2.56PSBSp 29 2.76 4.03# 3.38# 3.79# 4.15# 3.62#

UPLSp 3 2.85# 3.44 2.68 3.12# 2.97# 3.01#

PSBSp 17 2.74 2.88 2.42 2.91 2.71 2.73PSBSp 23 2.03 1.71* 1.79* 1.74* 2.09 1.87*NSICSp 28 3.18# 3.82# 3.47# 3.48# 3.64# 3.52#

UPLSp 1 3.41# 3.44# 3.03# 3.24# 3.29# 3.28#

F-value 6.19 24.36 9.21 15.11 21.82 60.85CV 39.49 30.44 41.32 33.89 30.24 35.67

* Means significantly higher than the local check variety, Super Bureau# Means significantly lower than the local check, variety, Super Bureau

Vegetative growth, root shape, flesh color, skin color and root size of 1st batch of SP varieties and Super Bureau

Variety Vegetative growth

Root shape

Root size

Skin color

Flesh color

Mean Ranking

PSBSp 15 2.78 2.43 2.71 2.57 2.71 2.64 3

NSICSp 26 2.77 2.63 2.88 2.75 2.71 2.75 4

NSICSp 25 3.77 2.13 2.00 2.63 2.25 2.56 2

VSP 3 2.25 2.38 3.00 2.38 2.25 2.45 1

VSP 2 *

Super Bureau

*

* no evaluation due to poor growth and heavy SpFMV infestation

Vegetative growth, root shape, root size, skin color and flesh color of 2nd

batch of SP varieties

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VSP3 PSBSp 15

NSIC 25

PSBSp 23

Super Bureau UPLSp 17 UPLSp 11

Selected

varieties

and Super

Bureau

On-farm trials

Field lay-out

LOA

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On-farm Trials

Selected varietiesSet 1

Set 2

• 3 selected varieties + Super Bureau

• planted by 2 farmers per site

Sites: Pura, Moncada, Bamban, Gerona

Each set

Farmers‟ management practices

Soil sampling and analysis

Lay -out

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Distribution of cuttings

Monitoring

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Harvesting

Classification of roots

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On-farm evaluation

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Variety

SITESAcross

location mean

Rank per set

Pura Gerona Moncada Bamban

Range Mean Range Mean Range Mean Range Mean

Set 1

NSICSp 25

4.18-9.77 6.97

5.18-9.33 7.26

7.85-8.45

8.15 3.75-7.18 5.46 6.96 4

PSBSp 152.56-2.62 4.60

7.82-11.32 9.57

4.54-12.64

8.59 6.25-12.27 9.26 8.01 2*

PSBSp 170.92-7.55 4.24

6.13-8.17 7.15

15.02-16.02

15.52 8.38-16.55 12.46 9.84 1

Super Bureau (check)

0.23-3.56 1.90

6.78-7.71 7.24

17.65 17.65 3.06-3.75 3.41 7.55 3

Yield (tons/ha) of Set 1 varieties in four towns

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Variety

SITESAcross

location mean

Rank per set

Pura Gerona Moncada Bamban

Range Mean Range MeanRange Mean

Range Mean

Set 2

VSP 31.03-3.84 2.44

5.21-6.75 5.98

5.57-7.34

6.40.18 0.18 3.77 4

PSBSp 237.82-8.92 8.37

7.29-19.08 13.18

10.40-13.61

12.012.64 2.64 9.05 2

UPLSp 118.42-16.06 12.24

7.86-9.79 8.82

8.54-21.11

14.826.11 6.11 10.50 1

Super Bureau (check)

2.47-3.96 3.22

8.22-15.28 11.75

14.4-20.97

17.731.11 1.11 8.45 3

Yield (tons/ha) of Set 2 varieties in four towns

On-farm trials

4 varieties selected

1. PSPSp 17

2. NSIC 25

3. PSBSp 23

4. PSBSp 11

Planting

Material

producers

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Planting material supply

system

• Differences in agroecology of Bataan and

Tarlac

• Planting

– Bataan -May to July

– Tarlac - September to December

• Harvesting

– harvest time in Bataan coincides with the

preparation of planting materials in Tarlac

• Purchased cuttings are multiplied –‟palakay‟,

to satisfy the required cuttings

UPLSp11

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Summary

• Four varieties were selected from on-farm

trials: PSBSp 15 and PSBSp 17, UPLSp

11 and PSBSp 23 based on across

locations performance

• UPLSp 11 - most preferred, similar to

Super Bureau

• NSICSp 25, -preferred for its deep purple

flesh

• PSBSp 17 and PSBSp 23 - selected for

their taste and yellow flesh color

Summary

• Four varieties were selected from on-farm

trials: PSBSp 15 and PSBSp 17, UPLSp

11 and PSBSp 23 based on across

locations performance

• UPLSp 11 - most preferred, similar to

Super Bureau

• NSICSp 25, -preferred for its deep purple

flesh

• PSBSp 17 and PSBSp 23 - selected for

their taste and yellow flesh color

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Summary

• Selected varieties are channelled to PM

producers in Bataan, PSBSp 15 replaced by

NSIC 25

Conclusion

• Farmers evaluate new varieties at various

growth stages, able to identify a variety for

specific use

• Selection and preference of SP varieties

are dictated by the consumers demand in

the local and domestic markets

• Eating quality is also a major

consideration in the continuous cultivation

of SP varieties

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Conclusion

• The selection and preference for specific

varieties in each location indicate different

varieties may be maintained/conserved on-

farm in the different sites

• The increasing demand for planting materials

for UPLSp 11, UPLSp 23, NSIC 25 and

UPLSp 17 indicates that farmers will adopt

and conserve them on-farm

• Although the selected varieties have similar

characteristics with existing varieties, each

has a distinct character thereby increasing

diversity in SP

Conclusion

• SP breeders should consider the desired characteristics for incorporation in the varietal development programs

• In turn, performance of promising lines in farmers‟ fields can provide additional information for variety recommendation

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Recommendations

• Need for capacity building among farmers

on nutrient and pest management

• Farmers‟ participation in varietal

development should be pursued

• Establish partnership between the formal

and informal planting material supply

system to facilitate access to SP

germplasm

• Strengthen the existing plant material

supply system

Recommendations

• Establish a mechanism for “health-

regulated access system” or access to

virus-free planting materials to mitigate loss

of germplasm on-farm.

• SP germplasm in farmers‟ fields and home

gardens should be collected and conserved

for future use

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Research Team

UPLB

THBorromeo

MLHVillavicencio

DA-CLIARCLD

Irene Adion

Lorna Rubion

UPWARD-CIP

HdR de Chavez

LGU- Tarlac

Pura

Bamban

Gerona

Moncada

Bagac, Bataan

Farmer-Cooperators

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Let‟s grow and

utilize sweetpotato

to be part of its

conservation!!!

Thank you