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SEGD.org

prepared by Angela Iarocci Sheridan College

Neeta VermaUniversity of Notre Dame

SEGD Academic Task Force03.23.2019

Inclusive Design & Accessibility

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Inclusive Design is a holistic process that

involves consideration of various facets

of human diversity including age, gender,

race, religion, culture and experience.

This process respects and acknowledges

that within any given population there

is a wide spectrum of individual abilities,

needs and aspirations. Inclusive design

principles and methods are applied

across all design disciplines including

communication, products, services and

the built environment.

In North America, the development of

inclusive design principles and processes

emerged from the civil, veteran and Canada Science and Technology Museum

Artifact Alley, Reich + Petch

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disability rights movements that started

to gain momentum in the 1960s. One

important outcome of these political

actions is the shift from a medical to

a social model of disability. The social

model identifies societal barriers,

negative perceptions and attitudes as

the primary drivers of exclusion.

One common perception of “universal

design” is that designs should be

accessible to and usable by as wide

a population as possible. Inclusive

design recognizes that this goal is not

always attainable or appropriate, thus Canadian Museum for Human Rights, Gagarin

Photo: ©The Canadian Museum for Human Rights

and Ian McCausland

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the focus is to acknowledge diversity

in populations and to be sensitive to

specific contexts and parameters.

In 2012, Edward Steinfeld and Jordana

Maisel from the Center for Inclusive

Design and Environmental Access (IDeA),

School of Architecture and Planning,

University of Buffalo developed eight

Goals of Universal Design. The first

four goals are: Body Fit, Comfort,

Awareness, and Understanding

(These include research in ergonomics,

human factors, sensory perception

and anthropometrics). The fifth goal

of Wellness focuses on how products, U.S. National Park Service, World War II Valor in the

Pacific National Monument at Pearl Harbor, AldrichPears

Associates / Photo: Ben West

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services and the built environment impact

usability, health and well-being. The final three

goals, Social Integration, Personalization and

Cultural Appropriateness, draw on the social

sciences to recognize socio-cultural diversity.

Key milestones in accessibility legislation

such as The Americans with Disabilities Act

(US, 1990), the Disability Discrimination Act

(Australia, 1992, United Kingdom, 1995),

the Disability Act (Ireland, 2005) and the

Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities

Act (Canada, 2005) are the result of evolving

societal values regarding inclusion.

Accessible Icon Project

Learning Outcomes

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Engage in an empathetic human-centered

design process to foster a deeper understanding

of the challenges and barriers impacting

social inclusion.

Develop a sensibility towards the diverse

range of capabilities and abilities within a given

population and for specific contexts.

Develop an understanding of cultural

differences within an inclusive design approach.

Apply sensitivity in use of language, terminology

and methodologies when working with

diverse populations.

Universal Symbols in Healthcare,

Hablamos Juntos and SEGD

Learning Outcomes

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Research current and emerging adaptive

strategies and technologies for people

with various abilities.

Integrate knowledge of relevant national

and international accessibility legislation,

professional standards and ethics

throughout the design process.

Maguire Welcome Center, Gallaudet University

Photo: Lincoln Barbour

Case Studies per practice area

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Exhibition U.S. National Park Service, Yellowstone National Park, Old Faithful Visitor Center

Designer: Christopher Chadbourne & Associates

https://segd.org/old-faithful-visitors-center-exhibitions-and-accessibility

Exhibition U.S. National Park Service, World War II Valor in the Pacific National Monument at Pearl Harbor

Designer: AldrichPears Associates

https://segd.org/world-war-ii-valor-pacific-national-monument-exhibitions-and-accessibility

Exhibition Cooper Hewitt Smithsonian Design Museum, The Senses: Design Beyond Vision

Designers: Studio Joseph; David Genco

https://segd.org/senses%E2%80%94design-beyond-vision-both-feat-and-feast

Case Studies per practice area

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Wayfinding Interactive Wayfinding Maps

Designers: Center for Inclusive Design and Environmental Access (IDeA) at the University at Buffalo and Touch Graphics, Inc.

https://segd.org/interactive-wayfinding-visually-impaired

Exhibition Canada Science and Technology Museum, Artifact Alley

Designer: Reich+Petch Design International

https://www.rgd.ca/2018/01/24/accessibility-case-study.php

Exhibition/PlacemakingGallaudet University, Maguire Welcome Center

Designer: C&G Partners

https://segd.org/deafspace-exhibit-design-gallaudet-university%E2%80%99s-maguire-center-0

Case Studies per practice area

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Symbol Design/Wayfinding Accessible Icon Project/ International Symbol of Access

https://segd.org/blog/international-symbol-access-challenge-updating-icon

Wayfinding Deloitte Montreal corporate offices

Designer: Reich+Petch Design International

https://segd.org/agile-wayfinding-deloitte-montreal

Symbol Design/WayfindingUniversal Health Care Symbols

Project management: Hablamos Juntos and SEGD

https://segd.org/hablamos-juntos-universal-health-care-symbols

Case Studies per practice area

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Interactive Experience Canadian Museum of Human Rights

Designers: Gagarin

https://segd.org/designing-interactive-experiences-museum-human-rights

Digital Experience ContentBill & Melinda Gates Discovery Center

Designers: Bluecadet Interactive

https://segd.org/bill-melinda-gates-discovery-center

Research & EducationCommunication + Place journal: “An Eight Step Pedagogy for Teaching Social Design”

Neeta Verma

https://segd.org/eight-step-pedagogy-teaching-social-design

Case Studies per practice area

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Research & EducationHumanizing the System: A Podcast

Justine Wang and Maddy Kelly , University of Notre Dame Professor: Neeta Verma

https://atelierjustine.com/racism-divides

Resources

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SEGD Resourceshttps://segd.org/mirtec-launching-nfc-accessibility-tags

https://segd.org/what-accessibility-and-ada

https://segd.org/2012-ada-white-paper-update

https://segd.org/what-legibility

https://segd.org/inclusive-high-quality-decisions-macromicro-design-impacts-within-our-everyday-experiences-0

Download the PDF of the full set of Disability Access Symbols, also known as Accessibility Symbols for use in your projects. This file can be opened in Illustrator for vector art usage.https://segd.org/accessibility-symbols

Accessibility LegislationAmericans with Disabilities Act (ADA)https://www.ada.gov

Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA) https://www.ontario.ca/laws/statute/05a11

Equality Act (United Kingdom) https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2010/15/contents

The Disability Discrimination Act (Australia)https://www.humanrights.gov.au/our-work/disability-rights

The Disability Act/National Disability Strategy (Ireland) http://nda.ie/Disability-overview/

United Nations Convention on The Rights of Persons with Disabilitieshttps://www.un.org/development/desa/disabilities/convention-on-the-rights-of-persons-with-disabilities/convention-on-the-rights-of-persons-with-disabilities-2.html

Canadian Museum for Human Rights, Gagarin

Photo: ©The Canadian Museum for Human Rights and

Ian McCausland

Langdon, P.M., et al, eds. Designing Inclusive Systems. Springer. 2012.

Lupton, Ellen, et al, eds. Beautiful Users: Designing for People. Princeton Architectural Press, 2014.

Lupton, Ellen and Andrea Lipps, eds. The Senses: Design Beyond Vision. Princeton Architectural Press, 2018.

Maisel, Jordana, L., et al. Inclusive Design: Implementation and Evaluation.Routledge, 2017.

Maisel, Jordana L.. The State of the Science in Universal Design: Emerging Research and Developments. Benthem Science Publishers, 2010.

Null, Roberta L.. Universal Design: principles and models. CRC Press, 2013.

Nussbaumer, Linda L.. Inclusive Design: a universal need. Fairchild, 2012.

Papanek, Victor. Design for the Real World, 2nd ed., Chicago Review Press, 2005.

Preiser, Wolfgang and Korydon H. Smith, eds. Universal Design Handbook, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill Professional, 2010.

Smith, Kel. Digital Outcasts: Moving Technology Forward without Leaving People Behind. Morgan Kaufmann, 2013.

Steinfeld, Edward and Jordana L. Maisel. Universal Design: creating inclusive environments. John Wiley & Sons, 2012.

Tauke, Beth, et al, eds. Diversity and Design: Understanding Hidden Consequences. Routledge, 2016.

Williams Goldhagen, Sarah. Welcome to Your World: How the Built Environment Shapes Our Lives. Harper Collins, 2017.

Publications Boys, Jos, ed. Disability, Space, Architecture: A Reader. Routledge, 2017.

Bos, Joys. Doing Disability Differently: An Alternative Handbook on Architecture, Dis/ability and Designing for Everyday Life. Routledge, 2014.

Clarkson, John P., et al, eds. Designing Accessible Technology. Springer, 2006.

Davis, Lennard J.,ed. The Disability Studies Reader, 5th ed., Routledge, 2017.

Di Bucchinico, Giusepe, et al, eds. Advances in Design for Inclusion. Springer, 2016.

Dulon, Veronica, et al,, eds. Social Sustainability: a multilevel approach to social inclusion. Routledge, 2013.

Farrelly, Lorraine, ed. Designing for the third age: architecture redefined for a generation of “active agers”. John Wiley & Sons, 2014.

Goltsman, Susan, et al, eds. The inclusive city: design solutions for buildings, neighborhoods and urban spaces. MIG Communications, 2007.

Hamraie, Aimie. Building Access: Universal Design and the Politics of Disability.University of Minnesota Press, 2017.

Hannington, Bruce and Bella Martin, eds. Universal methods of design: 100 ways to research complex problems, develop innovative ideas and design effective solutions. Rockport Publishers, 2012.

Herwig, Oliver. Universal Design: solutions for barrier-free living. Birkhäuser, 2008.

Holmes, Kat. Mismatch: How Inclusion Shapes Design (Simplicity: Design, Technology, Business, Life). The MIT Press, 2018.

Interboro, eds. The Arsenal of Exclusion and Inclusion. Fol Har/Ma edition, 2017.

Langdon, P.M., et al, eds. Inclusive Designing: Joining Usability, Accessibility and Inclusion. Springer, 2014.

Resources

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Resources

Online AIGA Design for Democracy initiativehttps://www.aiga.org/design-for-democracy

AIGA Diversity & Inclusion initiativehttps://www.aiga.org/diversity-and-inclusion-initiative

AIGA Diversity & Inclusion task webcast serieshttp://www.aiga.org/diversity-and-inclusion-webcast-series

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)https://www.ada.gov/

Automattic Design: Inclusive Design checklisthttps://design.blog/inclusive/

Canadian National Institute for the Blind (CNIB) Foundationhttp://www.cnib.ca/

Canadian Centre for Disability Studies (CCDS)http://www.disabilitystudies.ca/

Center for Inclusive Design and Environmental Access, University of Buffalo, SUNY http://idea.ap.buffalo.edu/

Centre for Accessible Environments, UKhttp://cae.org.uk/

Centre for Disability Studies, University of Leeds, UKhttp://disability-studies.leeds.ac.uk

Centre for the Study of Political Graphicshttp://www.politicalgraphics.org/

Cooper Hewitt Smithsonian Design Museum , The Senses: Design Beyond Vision https://www.cooperhewitt.org/2018/02/27/cooper-hewitt-smithsonian-design-museum-to-present-the-senses-design-beyond-vision/

Creative Reaction Labhttp://www.creativereactionlab.com/

Decolonising Designhttp://www.decolonisingdesign.com

Design Council – Inclusive Environments, UKhttp://www.designcouncil.org.uk/what-we-do/inclusive-environments

Design for All - Europehttp://dfaeurope.eu/

DesignABLEhttp://designable.ca/

Design Research Society, Inclusive Design Research Special Interest Grouphttp://www.designresearchsociety.org/cpages/inclusive-sig

Designing for People, University of British Columbia, Canadahttps://dfp.ubc.ca/

Global Disability Innovation Hub, University College London, UKhttps://www.disabilityinnovation.com/

Helen Hamlyn Centre for Design, Royal College of Art, UKhttps://www.rca.ac.uk/research-innovation/helen-hamlyn-centre/

IDEO: Facilitator’s Guide to Human-Centered Design https://www.plusacumen.org/courses/facilitator%E2%80%99s-guide-human-centered-design

IDEO Human-Centered Design Field Guidehttp://www.designkit.org//resources/1

“Inclusive Washrooms: A Solution Through Signage”, Entro Communicationshttps://segd.org/entro-produces-inclusive-washroom-paper

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Inclusive Design Institute, OCAD University, Canadahttps://inclusivedesign.ca/research/design/

Institute for Human-Centered Designhttps://humancentereddesign.org/

Disability Arts International, UKTate Museum “Two approaches to developing access in galleries & museums”http://www.disabilityartsinternational.org/films/two-approaches-to-developing-disabled-access-in-galleries-and-museums/

Interaction Design Association, Accessibility: Usability for allhttps://www.interaction-design.org/literature/article/accessibility-usability-for-all

Lighthouse Internationalhttp://li129-107.members.linode.com/

Mapping Access project, Critical Design Labhttps://www.mapping-access.com/

Registered Graphic Designers of Ontario (RGD) Accessible Designhttp://rgd-accessibledesign.com

Smithsonian Guidelines for Accessible Exhibition Designhttps://www.si.edu/accessibility/sgaedhttps://www.si.edu/Accessibility

The Center for Universal Design, North Carolina University https://projects.ncsu.edu/ncsu/design/cud/

The Centre for Excellence in Universal Design, Irelandhttp://universaldesign.ie/

Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20/

Cooper Hewitt Smithsonian Design Museum , The Senses: Design Beyond Vision, Studio Joseph; David Genco / Photo: Thomas Loof, Cooper Hewitt Smithsonian Design Museum