Upload
dinah-bryan
View
222
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
In The Footsteps Of The Master:The Life and Times of Jesus Christ
The House of Herod
September 27, 2009
www.FootstepsOfTheMaster.info
www.FootstepsOfTheMaster.info 2
The House of Herod• Why in the world would we spend an
entire class period talking about the Herods?
• I’d like to begin with a quote from one of my favorite Biblical scholars:– “The Herod Family Tree doesn’t have
many branches.”Dr. Mike Parker
www.FootstepsOfTheMaster.info 3
The House of HerodT
he H
erod
Fam
ily
Tre
e
(mor
e lik
e a
topi
ary
...)
www.FootstepsOfTheMaster.info 4
From the Exile ForwardDate Ruling Entity Culture
931 BC Divided Kingdom Jewish
722 BC Assyria Assyrian
586 BC Babylonia Babylonian
539 BC Medo-Persian Persian
334 BC Alexandrian Greek
324 BC Egyptian (Ptolemies) Greek
204 BC Syrian (Seleucids) Greek
165 BC Maccabean Jewish
142 BC Hasmonean Greek/Jewish
63 BC Roman Greek/Roman
Antipater II - Founding Father• An Idumean (Edomite)• Shrewd and seditious
– Founder of the Herodian Dynasty• Politically ambitious, though not be able to
assume Jewish throne or High Priesthood– Allied himself with Hyrcanus II, one of the last
Hasmonean kings– Found favor of the Roman general Pompey– Julius Caesar appointed Hyrcanus as
Ethnarch (national leader) of the Jews, and Antipater as administrator of Judea
www.FootstepsOfTheMaster.info 5
Antipater II (cont.)• While supporting Hyrcanus publicly,
Antipater had aspirations of his own• Appointed two of his sons to powerful
positions in 47 BC:– Phasael as Governor of Jerusalem– Herod as Governor of Galilee
www.FootstepsOfTheMaster.info 6
Herod the Great (73-4 BC)• Began his rule of Galilee in
43 BC at age 25– Was admired by his subjects
for his leadership• Politically shrewd madman• During a period of intrigue and
uncertainty in the Empire, he dodged numerous accusations against him and gained power at every turn
• Murdered wives, sons & enemies at will
www.FootstepsOfTheMaster.info 7
Herod the Great
Herod the Great (cont.)• Named king of Judea by
the Romans in 39 BC– Considered himself “King of
the Jews” after eliminatinglast of the Hasmoneans
• Rebuilt the Temple– Began 20 BC; completed 63 AD– Read John 2:19-21
• Also built many other palaces,monuments and public edifices– Caesarea, Masada, Herodium
www.FootstepsOfTheMaster.info 8
www.FootstepsOfTheMaster.info 9
Herod the Great (cont.)• Tried to kill Jesus a child
– Read Matthew 2:1-8• Fell gravely ill (Josephus paints a horrible
word picture)– Knew that everyone would rejoice at his
death, but expected mourning– Rounded up prominent men, locked them in
the arena at Jericho and ordered his men to kill them upon his death
• Died in 4 BC– Kingdom divided among three sons
Herod Archelaus• Reigned over a portion of his father’s
kingdom as “ethnarch” (4 BC – 6 AD)– Territory included Judea
• Was the reason thatJoseph and Mary wentto Galilee– And settled in Nazareth– Read Matthew 2:22
• Deemed brutal andincompetent by Romeand replaced
www.FootstepsOfTheMaster.info 10
www.FootstepsOfTheMaster.info 11
Philip the Tetrarch• Ruled as Tetrarch over ¼ of Herod’s
kingdom from 4BC until his death in 34 AD• Mentioned in Luke 3:1• Married Herodias’ daughter (and his step-
niece), Salome
Herod Antipas• Ruled as Tetrarch over ¼ of Herod’s
kingdom from 4BC until 39 AD• Put John the Baptist in prison
– Read Luke 3:19• Jesus called him a “fox”
– Read Luke 13:31-33• Married to Herodias
– Ex-wife of his half-brother (Herod II or Philip I)– His niece; daughter of his half-brother,
Aristobulus
www.FootstepsOfTheMaster.info 12
www.FootstepsOfTheMaster.info 13
Herod Antipas (cont.)• Executed John the Baptist at the request
of his step-daughter (and half-niece), Salome– Read Matthew 14:3-11
• Participated in Jesus’ trial– Read Luke 23:6-12
• Was ultimately banished by Rome to Southern France, the result of more intra-family intrigue
www.FootstepsOfTheMaster.info 14
The Herodians• Those loyal to the family of Herod and
therefore Rome• Generally found in complicity with the
Sadducees• However, hatred makes for strange
bedfellows– Read Matthew 22:15-17– Read Mark 3:6
• The Pharisees were decidedly anti-Roman, but joined forces with the Herodians against Jesus
Herod Agrippa I• Grandson of Herod the Great• Ruled in Palestine from 37-44 AD• Last of the Herod lineage to rule over the
united Jewish territories• Close friend of Emperor
Caligula• Set himself up as a god
and was eaten by wormsat Caesarea– Read Acts 12:19b-23
www.FootstepsOfTheMaster.info 15
Kingdom of Agrippa I
www.FootstepsOfTheMaster.info 16
Drusilla• Great-Granddaughter of Herod the Great
– Grand-daughter of Aristobulus IV– Daughter of Herod Agrippa I
• Wife of Antonius Felix, Governor of Judea, before whom the Apostle Paul appeared– Read Acts 24:24-26
Herod Agrippa II• Marcus Julius Agrippa, son of Herod
Agrippa I, great-grandson of Herod the Great
• Ruled from 50-93 AD• Kingdom did not
include Jerusalem– But spent time there, as
well as Caesarea• Administrator of the
Temple in Jerusalem
www.FootstepsOfTheMaster.info 17
Kingdom of Agrippa II
www.FootstepsOfTheMaster.info 18
Herod Agrippa II (cont.)• Involved in an incestuous relationship with
his sister, Bernice– She was married numerous times, but kept
returning to her brother• The Herod before whom
Paul appeared– Read Acts 25:13-15, 22
www.FootstepsOfTheMaster.info 19
In Conclusion• This shrewd and unscrupulous family set
the tone for much of the world in which Jesus and his Disciples lived
• Yet for all of their scheming and underhanded dealings, they were unable to stop the spread of the Kingdom of God