In the ashes of conflict lie the seeds of regeneration. Pekka Haavisto, UNEP Early warning and post-conflict perspectives in peacebuilding Oslo 8 December

In the ashes of conflict lie the seeds of regeneration.

Pekka Haavisto, UNEPPekka Haavisto, UNEP

Early warning and Early warning and

post-conflict perspectives in post-conflict perspectives in peacebuildingpeacebuilding

Oslo 8 December 2004Oslo 8 December 2004

Pekka Haavisto UNEP Post-Conflict Assessment Unit

The role of environment in Conflict and Peacebuilding -seminarOslo 8 December 2004

What are the environmental impacts of war?


What are the environmental impacts of war?Bomb DamageLandmines and UXOsSabotage of resourcesDepleted uraniumMilitary waste disposalTroop movements

Sabotage of resources

Polluting weapons

Landmines and UXOsBomb damage

Military waste disposal Troop movementsBac

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Direct Impacts:Direct Impacts:


What are the environmental impacts of war? Indirect Impacts

Refugees

Sanctions

Collapse of management

Military exploitation

Opportunity costs

Use of marginal lands

Indirect Impacts:Indirect Impacts:

What are the environmental impacts of war?

Collapse of management

Military exploitation

SanctionsRefugees

Corruption & criminality Land degradation

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First post-conflict assessments by UNEP were First post-conflict assessments by UNEP were conducted after the 1991 Gulf War conducted after the 1991 Gulf War

After the Kosovo Conflict in 1999, the UNEP After the Kosovo Conflict in 1999, the UNEP Balkans Task Force investigated the Balkans Task Force investigated the environmental and human health risksenvironmental and human health risks

UNEP Post-Conflict Assessment Unit established UNEP Post-Conflict Assessment Unit established in 2001 to continue the previous activitiesin 2001 to continue the previous activities

Located at the International Environment House in Located at the International Environment House in Geneva with a core staff of 25Geneva with a core staff of 25

IInternational staff in Kabulnternational staff in Kabul, Amman, Monrovia, Amman, Monrovia

First post-conflict assessments by UNEP were First post-conflict assessments by UNEP were conducted after the 1991 Gulf War conducted after the 1991 Gulf War

After the Kosovo Conflict in 1999, the UNEP After the Kosovo Conflict in 1999, the UNEP Balkans Task Force investigated the Balkans Task Force investigated the environmental and human health risksenvironmental and human health risks

UNEP Post-Conflict Assessment Unit established UNEP Post-Conflict Assessment Unit established in 2001 to continue the previous activitiesin 2001 to continue the previous activities

Located at the International Environment House in Located at the International Environment House in Geneva with a core staff of 25Geneva with a core staff of 25

IInternational staff in Kabulnternational staff in Kabul, Amman, Monrovia, Amman, Monrovia

UNEP Post-Conflict Assessment Unit B

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PCAU Activities1.1. Post-conflict environmental assessmentsPost-conflict environmental assessments2. Post-conflict environmental desk studies2. Post-conflict environmental desk studies

3. UNDG3. UNDG – – UNEP lead agency for EnvironmentUNEP lead agency for Environment

PCAU activities

1. Post-conflict 1. Post-conflict environmental assessmentsenvironmental assessments

1. Post-conflict 1. Post-conflict environmental assessmentsenvironmental assessments

2. Post-conflict environmental 2. Post-conflict environmental desk studiesdesk studies

2. Post-conflict environmental 2. Post-conflict environmental desk studiesdesk studies

3. UN3. UNEP lead agency for EP lead agency for EnvironmentEnvironment in UNDG in UNDG

3. UN3. UNEP lead agency for EP lead agency for EnvironmentEnvironment in UNDG in UNDG

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4. Post-conflict environmental clean-up and rehabilitation4. Post-conflict environmental clean-up and rehabilitation5. Environmental capacity building and technical support5. Environmental capacity building and technical support

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4. Post-conflict environmental 4. Post-conflict environmental clean-up and rehabilitationclean-up and rehabilitation

4. Post-conflict environmental 4. Post-conflict environmental clean-up and rehabilitationclean-up and rehabilitation

5. Environmental capacity 5. Environmental capacity building and technical supportbuilding and technical support

5. Environmental capacity 5. Environmental capacity building and technical supportbuilding and technical support


Conflict Characteristics:Conflict Characteristics: Long-durationLong-duration Multiple conflictsMultiple conflicts Broad geographic rangeBroad geographic range High technology usedHigh technology used Many industrial targetsMany industrial targets

UNEP Desk Study:UNEP Desk Study: Initiated and funded by SDCInitiated and funded by SDC UNEP identified as environmental focal point for UNDG needs assessmentUNEP identified as environmental focal point for UNDG needs assessment Desk study designed to supplement needs assessmentDesk study designed to supplement needs assessment 6 roundtable meetings 6 roundtable meetings 2 field missions to Baghdad2 field missions to Baghdad

Iraq

1991 1991 1991

Conflict Conflict ccharacteristics:haracteristics: Long-durationLong-duration Multiple conflictsMultiple conflicts Broad geographic rangeBroad geographic range High technology usedHigh technology used Many industrial targetsMany industrial targets

Conflict Conflict ccharacteristics:haracteristics: Long-durationLong-duration Multiple conflictsMultiple conflicts Broad geographic rangeBroad geographic range High technology usedHigh technology used Many industrial targetsMany industrial targets

UNEP Desk Study:UNEP Desk Study: Initiated and funded by SDCInitiated and funded by SDC UNEP identified as environmental UNEP identified as environmental

focal point for UNDG needs focal point for UNDG needs assessmentassessment

Desk study designed to Desk study designed to supplement needs assessmentsupplement needs assessment

6 roundtable meetings 6 roundtable meetings 2 field missions to Baghdad2 field missions to Baghdad

UNEP Desk Study:UNEP Desk Study: Initiated and funded by SDCInitiated and funded by SDC UNEP identified as environmental UNEP identified as environmental



6 roundtable meetings 6 roundtable meetings 2 field missions to Baghdad2 field missions to BaghdadP

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Key issues identified:Key issues identified: Breakdown of municipal waste services Contamination from military weapons production sites Use of Depleted Uranium Damage to energy production and distribution Drainage of marshlandsDrainage of marshlands 18 million people food insecure 74% of irrigated land suffers from salinity

Iraq

1991 1991 1991

Key issues identified:Key issues identified: Breakdown of municipal waste

services Contamination from military

weapons production sites Use of Depleted Uranium Damage to energy production

and distribution Drainage of marshlandsDrainage of marshlands 18 million people food

insecure 74% of irrigated land suffers

from salinity

Key issues identified:Key issues identified: Breakdown of municipal waste

services Contamination from military

weapons production sites Use of Depleted Uranium Damage to energy production

and distribution Drainage of marshlandsDrainage of marshlands 18 million people food

insecure 74% of irrigated land suffers

from salinity

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UN Trust Fund for Iraq approved US$ 4.7 Million for UNEP to deliver environmental UN Trust Fund for Iraq approved US$ 4.7 Million for UNEP to deliver environmental assessment training and capacity building for Iraqi experts from the Ministry of assessment training and capacity building for Iraqi experts from the Ministry of Environment.Environment.

Proposal for DU assessment currently under development.Proposal for DU assessment currently under development.

UNEP training sessions have already taken place for Iraqi experts on Environmental UNEP training sessions have already taken place for Iraqi experts on Environmental Emergencies, Environmental Laboratories, Environmental Impact Assessment and Emergencies, Environmental Laboratories, Environmental Impact Assessment and Contaminated Sites.Contaminated Sites.

Over 90 Iraqi experts have received training.Over 90 Iraqi experts have received training.

Iraq

UN Trust Fund for Iraq approved UN Trust Fund for Iraq approved US$ 4.7 Million for UNEP to US$ 4.7 Million for UNEP to deliver environmental deliver environmental assessment training and capacity assessment training and capacity building for Iraqi experts from the building for Iraqi experts from the Ministry of EnvironmentMinistry of Environment

Proposal for DU assessment Proposal for DU assessment currently under developmentcurrently under development

UN Trust Fund for Iraq approved UN Trust Fund for Iraq approved US$ 4.7 Million for UNEP to US$ 4.7 Million for UNEP to deliver environmental deliver environmental assessment training and capacity assessment training and capacity building for Iraqi experts from the building for Iraqi experts from the Ministry of EnvironmentMinistry of Environment

Proposal for DU assessment Proposal for DU assessment currently under developmentcurrently under development

UNEP training sessions have UNEP training sessions have already taken place for Iraqi experts already taken place for Iraqi experts on Environmental Emergencies, on Environmental Emergencies, Environmental Laboratories, Environmental Laboratories, Environmental Impact Assessment Environmental Impact Assessment and Contaminated Sitesand Contaminated Sites

Over 90 Iraqi experts have received Over 90 Iraqi experts have received trainingtraining

UNEP training sessions have UNEP training sessions have already taken place for Iraqi experts already taken place for Iraqi experts on Environmental Emergencies, on Environmental Emergencies, Environmental Laboratories, Environmental Laboratories, Environmental Impact Assessment Environmental Impact Assessment and Contaminated Sitesand Contaminated Sites

Over 90 Iraqi experts have received Over 90 Iraqi experts have received trainingtrainingC

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Iranian and Iraqi delegations in Iranian and Iraqi delegations in Geneva May 18, 2004Geneva May 18, 2004

Iranian and Iraqi delegations in Geneva May 18, 2004Iranian and Iraqi delegations in Geneva May 18, 2004Iranian and Iraqi delegations in Geneva May 18, 2004Iranian and Iraqi delegations in Geneva May 18, 2004

IraqC

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Conflict Characteristics:Conflict Characteristics: Long-term and ongoing conflictLong-term and ongoing conflict West-Bank and Gaza geographically separatedWest-Bank and Gaza geographically separated Urban environmentUrban environment

Mandate from UNEP Governing Council 2002 Mission to OPT in October 2002 Contacts both to the Palestinian Authority and to the Government of Israel Desk Study published in January 2003 Approved by Nairobi GC in February 2003

Occupied Palestinian Territories

1991 1991 1991

Conflict Conflict ccharacteristics:haracteristics: Long-term and ongoing conflictLong-term and ongoing conflict West-Bank and Gaza West-Bank and Gaza

geographically separatedgeographically separated Urban environmentUrban environment

Conflict Conflict ccharacteristics:haracteristics: Long-term and ongoing conflictLong-term and ongoing conflict West-Bank and Gaza West-Bank and Gaza

geographically separatedgeographically separated Urban environmentUrban environment

Mandate from UNEP Governing Council 2002

Mission to OPT in October 2002 Contacts both to the Palestinian

Authority and to the Government of Israel

Desk Study published in January 2003

Approved by Nairobi GC in February 2003

Mandate from UNEP Governing Council 2002

Mission to OPT in October 2002 Contacts both to the Palestinian

Authority and to the Government of Israel

Desk Study published in January 2003

Approved by Nairobi GC in February 2003P

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136 recommendations on136 recommendations on Transboundary and international cooperation Palestinian National Environment Action Plan (NEAP) Assisting the Palestinian Environmental Quality Authority Land-use planning Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) Private sector Freshwater management Wastewater management Solid waste Hazardous waste Conservation and biodiversity


1991 1991 1991

136 recommendations on136 recommendations on Transboundary and international cooperation Palestinian National Environment Action Plan

(NEAP) Assisting the Palestinian Environmental Quality

Authority Land-use planning Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) Private sector Freshwater management Wastewater management Solid waste Hazardous waste Conservation and biodiversity

136 recommendations on136 recommendations on Transboundary and international cooperation Palestinian National Environment Action Plan

(NEAP) Assisting the Palestinian Environmental Quality

Authority Land-use planning Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) Private sector Freshwater management Wastewater management Solid waste Hazardous waste Conservation and biodiversity

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UNEP organized capacity building training workshops on: Communications and the environment Environmental standards on wastewater and air pollution Environmental laboratory analysis Environmental impact assessment (2 workshops) Additional capacity building meetings and workshops are planned

In addition UNEP : Hosted a technical meeting between Palestinian and Israeli environmental

authorities in Geneva in July 2003 Facilitated participation of the Palestinian EQA staff in relevant meetings and

processes of MEAs


1991 1991

UNEP organized capacity building training workshops on:

Communications and the environment Environmental standards on wastewater

and air pollution Environmental laboratory analysis Environmental impact assessment Additional capacity building meetings and

workshops are planned

UNEP organized capacity building training workshops on:

Communications and the environment Environmental standards on wastewater

and air pollution Environmental laboratory analysis Environmental impact assessment Additional capacity building meetings and

workshops are planned

In addition UNEP : Hosted a technical meeting between

Palestinian and Israeli environmental authorities in Geneva in July 2003

Facilitated participation of the Palestinian EQA staff in relevant meetings and processes of MEAs

In addition UNEP : Hosted a technical meeting between

Palestinian and Israeli environmental authorities in Geneva in July 2003

Facilitated participation of the Palestinian EQA staff in relevant meetings and processes of MEAsC

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AFGHANISTANAFGHANISTAN

Conflict Characteristics:Conflict Characteristics: Long-durationLong-duration Multiple conflictsMultiple conflicts Broad geographic rangeBroad geographic range Mixed technology usedMixed technology used Few industrial targetsFew industrial targets

PCAU Assessment:PCAU Assessment: Co-funded by SDC with Canada, Finland and Luxembourg and supported by Spiez Co-funded by SDC with Canada, Finland and Luxembourg and supported by Spiez

laboratorylaboratory Five main themes (urban environment, waters, forests, biodiversity and institutions)Five main themes (urban environment, waters, forests, biodiversity and institutions) Six field teams. 20 Afghans and internationals, 1 month missionSix field teams. 20 Afghans and internationals, 1 month mission

Afghanistan

1991 1991 1991

Conflict Conflict ccharacteristics:haracteristics: Long-durationLong-duration Multiple conflictsMultiple conflicts Broad geographic rangeBroad geographic range Mixed technology usedMixed technology used Few industrial targetsFew industrial targets

Conflict Conflict ccharacteristics:haracteristics: Long-durationLong-duration Multiple conflictsMultiple conflicts Broad geographic rangeBroad geographic range Mixed technology usedMixed technology used Few industrial targetsFew industrial targets

PCAU PCAU aassessment:ssessment: Co-funded by SDC with Canada, Co-funded by SDC with Canada,

Finland and Luxembourg and Finland and Luxembourg and supported by Spiez laboratorysupported by Spiez laboratory

Five main themes (urban Five main themes (urban environment, waters, forests, environment, waters, forests, biodiversity and institutions)biodiversity and institutions)

Six field teams. 20 Afghans and Six field teams. 20 Afghans and internationals, 1 month missioninternationals, 1 month mission

PCAU PCAU aassessment:ssessment: Co-funded by SDC with Canada, Co-funded by SDC with Canada,

Finland and Luxembourg and Finland and Luxembourg and supported by Spiez laboratorysupported by Spiez laboratory

Five main themes (urban Five main themes (urban environment, waters, forests, environment, waters, forests, biodiversity and institutions)biodiversity and institutions)

Six field teams. 20 Afghans and Six field teams. 20 Afghans and internationals, 1 month missioninternationals, 1 month missionP

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Main Findings:Main Findings:

Environmental damages are largely indirect caused by a combination of Environmental damages are largely indirect caused by a combination of over-use, mismanagement and the need to survive.over-use, mismanagement and the need to survive.

Wide-spread degradation in all areas threatens human health and Wide-spread degradation in all areas threatens human health and livelihoods, and is causing food and water insecurity.livelihoods, and is causing food and water insecurity.

Environmental management and planning needed for refugee Environmental management and planning needed for refugee resettlement and to promote environmental security.resettlement and to promote environmental security.

95% woodlands deforestation in selected provinces95% woodlands deforestation in selected provinces

30-80% soil erosion30-80% soil erosion

Complete collapse of national and local forms of governmentComplete collapse of national and local forms of government

23% access to clean water in Kabul23% access to clean water in Kabul

Lack of solid waste management contaminating water suppliesLack of solid waste management contaminating water supplies

Unregulated and unmonitored groundwater extractionUnregulated and unmonitored groundwater extraction

Potential for conflict over transboundary water resourcesPotential for conflict over transboundary water resources

WidespreadWidespreadover grazingover grazing

Afghanistan

Main Main ffindings:indings:

Environmental damages are largely indirect caused by a combination of Environmental damages are largely indirect caused by a combination of over-use, mismanagement and the need to surviveover-use, mismanagement and the need to survive

Wide-spread degradation in all areas threatens human health and Wide-spread degradation in all areas threatens human health and livelihoods, and is causing food and water insecuritylivelihoods, and is causing food and water insecurity

Environmental management and planning needed for refugee Environmental management and planning needed for refugee resettlement and to promote environmental securityresettlement and to promote environmental security

Main Main ffindings:indings:

Environmental damages are largely indirect caused by a combination of Environmental damages are largely indirect caused by a combination of over-use, mismanagement and the need to surviveover-use, mismanagement and the need to survive

Wide-spread degradation in all areas threatens human health and Wide-spread degradation in all areas threatens human health and livelihoods, and is causing food and water insecuritylivelihoods, and is causing food and water insecurity

Environmental management and planning needed for refugee Environmental management and planning needed for refugee resettlement and to promote environmental securityresettlement and to promote environmental security

95% woodlands 95% woodlands deforestation in deforestation in selected provincesselected provinces

23% access to clean 23% access to clean water in Kabulwater in Kabul

30-80% soil erosion30-80% soil erosion

Unregulated and unmonitored Unregulated and unmonitored groundwater extractiongroundwater extraction

Potential for Potential for conflict over conflict over transboundary transboundary water resourceswater resources

WidespreadWidespreadover grazingover grazing

Lack of solid waste management Lack of solid waste management contaminating water suppliescontaminating water supplies

Complete collapse of Complete collapse of national and local national and local forms of governmentforms of government


LIBERIALIBERIA

Conflict Characteristics:Conflict Characteristics: Long-durationLong-duration Multiple conflictsMultiple conflicts Broad geographic rangeBroad geographic range Low technology usedLow technology used Few industrial targetsFew industrial targets Environmental fueled conflictEnvironmental fueled conflict

UNEP Desk Study:UNEP Desk Study: UNEP identified as environmental focal point for UNDG needs assessmentUNEP identified as environmental focal point for UNDG needs assessment Desk study designed to supplement needs assessmentDesk study designed to supplement needs assessment 4 week assessment period4 week assessment period 2 field missions to Monrovia2 field missions to Monrovia

Liberia

1991 1991

Conflict Conflict ccharacteristics:haracteristics: Long-durationLong-duration Multiple conflictsMultiple conflicts Broad geographic rangeBroad geographic range Low technology usedLow technology used Few industrial targetsFew industrial targets Environmental fueled conflictEnvironmental fueled conflict

Conflict Conflict ccharacteristics:haracteristics: Long-durationLong-duration Multiple conflictsMultiple conflicts Broad geographic rangeBroad geographic range Low technology usedLow technology used Few industrial targetsFew industrial targets Environmental fueled conflictEnvironmental fueled conflict

UNEP Desk Study:UNEP Desk Study: UNEP identified as environmental UNEP identified as environmental



4 week assessment period4 week assessment period 2 field missions to Monrovia2 field missions to Monrovia

UNEP Desk Study:UNEP Desk Study: UNEP identified as environmental UNEP identified as environmental



4 week assessment period4 week assessment period 2 field missions to Monrovia2 field missions to MonroviaP

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Key issues identified:Key issues identified: Preconditions for lifting timber and diamond sanctionsPreconditions for lifting timber and diamond sanctions 500 000 IDPs Looting of basic equipment Breakdown of municipal waste services Damage to energy production and distribution Over-hunting pressure from bushmeat productionOver-hunting pressure from bushmeat production Threats to forest areas from shifting cultivation and roads

Liberia

1991 1991 1991

Key issues identified:Key issues identified: Preconditions for lifting timber Preconditions for lifting timber

and diamond sanctionsand diamond sanctions 500 000 IDPs Looting of basic equipment Breakdown of municipal waste

services Damage to energy production

and distribution Over-hunting pressure from Over-hunting pressure from

bushmeat productionbushmeat production Threats to forest areas from

shifting cultivation and roads

Key issues identified:Key issues identified: Preconditions for lifting timber Preconditions for lifting timber

and diamond sanctionsand diamond sanctions 500 000 IDPs Looting of basic equipment Breakdown of municipal waste

services Damage to energy production

and distribution Over-hunting pressure from Over-hunting pressure from

bushmeat productionbushmeat production Threats to forest areas from

shifting cultivation and roads

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UNEP organised and co-hosted, along with UNMIL and the UNDP, a two day Seminar on the Environment in Monrovia on 12-13 July 2004 with over 100 participants

UNEP facilitated the adoption of National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan and Establishment of a Task Force on the Environment, modelled on the Advisory Group on

the Environment that UNEP created in Afghanistan

Phase 2 of UNEP’s Post-Conflict work in Liberia involves participating to the reconstruction planning by providing assistance to the Liberian Environmental Protection Agency and the Task Force on the Environment.

Liberia

1991 1991

UNEP organised and co-hosted, along with UNMIL and the UNDP, a two day Seminar on the Environment in Monrovia on 12-13 July 2004 with over 100 participants UNEP facilitated the adoption of National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan and Establishment of a Task Force on the Environment, modelled on the Advisory Group on the Environment that UNEP created in Afghanistan

UNEP organised and co-hosted, along with UNMIL and the UNDP, a two day Seminar on the Environment in Monrovia on 12-13 July 2004 with over 100 participants UNEP facilitated the adoption of National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan and Establishment of a Task Force on the Environment, modelled on the Advisory Group on the Environment that UNEP created in Afghanistan



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DEPLETED URANIUM IN THE BALKANS UNEP has conducted three main reports on the issue of Depleted Uranium in the UNEP has conducted three main reports on the issue of Depleted Uranium in the

BalkansBalkans Main findings are that DU contamination is present, but not at significant levels that Main findings are that DU contamination is present, but not at significant levels that

would threaten human healthwould threaten human health However, UNEP recommends a precautionary approach be takenHowever, UNEP recommends a precautionary approach be taken

Depleted uranium (DU)

UNEP has UNEP has investigated DU in Kosovo, in investigated DU in Kosovo, in Serbia-Montenegro, in Bosnia-Serbia-Montenegro, in Bosnia-Herzegovina and in KuwaitHerzegovina and in Kuwait

Co-operation with IAEA and WHOCo-operation with IAEA and WHO Main fMain future riks pollution of uture riks pollution of

groundwatersgroundwaters Precautionary and clean-up Precautionary and clean-up

recommendedrecommended

UNEP has UNEP has investigated DU in Kosovo, in investigated DU in Kosovo, in Serbia-Montenegro, in Bosnia-Serbia-Montenegro, in Bosnia-Herzegovina and in KuwaitHerzegovina and in Kuwait

Co-operation with IAEA and WHOCo-operation with IAEA and WHO Main fMain future riks pollution of uture riks pollution of

groundwatersgroundwaters Precautionary and clean-up Precautionary and clean-up

recommendedrecommendedPo

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Ignoring environmental problems puts stress on human relations and may Ignoring environmental problems puts stress on human relations and may increace the probability of conflictincreace the probability of conflict

Misuse of shared natural resources and transboundary pollution can cause Misuse of shared natural resources and transboundary pollution can cause international or regional instabilityinternational or regional instability

Ignoring environmental problems puts stress on human relations and may Ignoring environmental problems puts stress on human relations and may increace the probability of conflictincreace the probability of conflict

Misuse of shared natural resources and transboundary pollution can cause Misuse of shared natural resources and transboundary pollution can cause international or regional instabilityinternational or regional instability

Integrating conflict prevention to UNEP activitiesP

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UNEP helped to convene the negotiations that resulted in the 1977 UNEP helped to convene the negotiations that resulted in the 1977 Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques (ENMOD)Environmental Modification Techniques (ENMOD)

UNEP helped to convene the negotiations that resulted in the 1977 UNEP helped to convene the negotiations that resulted in the 1977 Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques (ENMOD)Environmental Modification Techniques (ENMOD)

Integrating conflict prevention to UNEP activitiesP

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In 2003 UNEP, UNDP and OSCE In 2003 UNEP, UNDP and OSCE launched the Environment and launched the Environment and Security Initiative (ENVSEC)Security Initiative (ENVSEC)

The initiative seeks to promote The initiative seeks to promote peace and environment peace and environment simultaneously and mainstream simultaneously and mainstream environment to government environment to government policiespolicies

Regional and sub-regional focusRegional and sub-regional focus

In 2003 UNEP, UNDP and OSCE In 2003 UNEP, UNDP and OSCE launched the Environment and launched the Environment and Security Initiative (ENVSEC)Security Initiative (ENVSEC)

The initiative seeks to promote The initiative seeks to promote peace and environment peace and environment simultaneously and mainstream simultaneously and mainstream environment to government environment to government policiespolicies

Regional and sub-regional focusRegional and sub-regional focus

Latest publication from October 2004 presents the security Latest publication from October 2004 presents the security and environment linkages in the Southern Caucasus and environment linkages in the Southern Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia)(Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia)

Latest publication from October 2004 presents the security Latest publication from October 2004 presents the security and environment linkages in the Southern Caucasus and environment linkages in the Southern Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia)(Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia)

Integrating conflict prevention to UNEP activitiesE

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UNEP’s Division of Early Warning UNEP’s Division of Early Warning and Assessment (DEWA) is and Assessment (DEWA) is developing an “Environment and developing an “Environment and Conflict Prevention” initiative to Conflict Prevention” initiative to coordinate international efforts to coordinate international efforts to promote conflict prevention, peace, promote conflict prevention, peace, and cooperation through activities, and cooperation through activities, policies, and actions related to policies, and actions related to environmental protection, environmental protection, restoration, and resourcesrestoration, and resources

””Understanding Environment, Understanding Environment, Conflict, and Cooperation”, Conflict, and Cooperation”, published in 2004 emerged from a published in 2004 emerged from a collaboration between DEWA and collaboration between DEWA and the Woodrow Wilson Center’s the Woodrow Wilson Center’s Environmental Change and Security Environmental Change and Security Project (ECSP)Project (ECSP)

UNEP’s Division of Early Warning UNEP’s Division of Early Warning and Assessment (DEWA) is and Assessment (DEWA) is developing an “Environment and developing an “Environment and Conflict Prevention” initiative to Conflict Prevention” initiative to coordinate international efforts to coordinate international efforts to promote conflict prevention, peace, promote conflict prevention, peace, and cooperation through activities, and cooperation through activities, policies, and actions related to policies, and actions related to environmental protection, environmental protection, restoration, and resourcesrestoration, and resources

””Understanding Environment, Understanding Environment, Conflict, and Cooperation”, Conflict, and Cooperation”, published in 2004 emerged from a published in 2004 emerged from a collaboration between DEWA and collaboration between DEWA and the Woodrow Wilson Center’s the Woodrow Wilson Center’s Environmental Change and Security Environmental Change and Security Project (ECSP)Project (ECSP)

Integrating conflict prevention to UNEP activities

http://www.unep.org/PDF/ECC.pdfhttp://www.unep.org/PDF/ECC.pdfhttp://www.unep.org/PDF/ECC.pdfhttp://www.unep.org/PDF/ECC.pdf

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Thank you for your attention

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Documents

In the ashes of conflict lie the seeds of regeneration. Pekka Haavisto, UNEP Early warning and post-conflict perspectives in peacebuilding Oslo 8 December