In Primary Education

In Primary Education

Prof. Dr. Ameen F.M. Fahmy* & Prof. Dr. Asmaa Geith***Faculty of Science, and

Science Education Center, E-mail:[email protected]

**Director of Center For Developing English Language Teaching (CDELT)

Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, EGYPT

Systemic Approach In Teaching and Learning Linguistics and

Math

2008

After globalization became a reality that we live and survive with its positive and negative impacts, and after the wide spread of the systematization in various disciplines and activities including tourism, commerce, economy, security, education etc..

Systemic Approach To Teaching and Learning (SATL)

The systemic approach has evolved in the field of teaching and learning in 1997, as a fruitful cooperation between Ain Shams University and Texas University at Austin (USA), and then the science education center (SEC) adopted it since 2000 until now.

What is the Meaning of SATL?

By "systemic" we mean an arrangement of concepts or issues through interacting systems in which all relationships between concepts and issues are made clear and up front, to the learner (Fig. 1).

SATL is a new way of teaching and learning, based on the idea that nowadays anything is related to everything globally. Students shouldn't learn isolated facts (by heart), but connect concepts and facts in a logical context.

In contrast with the usual strategy we believe it is more difficult to obtain a global view of a collection of linearly arranged concepts than with the systemic representation, which stresses all relationships among concepts.

Fig: 1a: Linear representation of concepts

concept concept concept concept concept concept concept concept

Fig: 1b: systemic representation of concepts

concept concept

concept concept

concept concept

concept concept

Why Systemic Approach?

It verifies the major goals of educational system and proceeds towards systemic thinking and continuous growth of knowledge that is referred to as quality of education.

It represents a theme and method of teaching and learning beside way of life that can be utilized in the management of various sides and activities of a normal citizen in all the scientific, and technological aspects.

The challenges that face the world today such as terrorism, environmental pollution...etc. that requires preparation of human calibers to be able to systemic and creative thinking that stops such phenomena for the sake of a better world for all.

Theoretical bases on which the systemic approach is based: SATL is based on the holistic vision for phenomena

where linking different facts and concepts take place into a dynamic systemic network. This reflects the relationships which settles them into the cognitive construction of the learner and enables pupils to use it in different situations.

SATL was based on the systems analysis and theory of constructivism.

The following systemic diagram illustrates the criteria, and products of learning by SATL.

T. Q.T. Q.

SystemizationSystemization

Continuity Continuity

Dual FeedDual Feed

(SATL)(SATL)

DynamicsDynamicsIntegrationIntegration

WholismWholismConstructivismConstructivism

Positive Attitudes Positive

Attitudes

High Skills

High Skills

Correct Systemic CognitionCorrect Systemic Cognition

Systemic ThinkingSystemic Thinking

SelectivitySelectivityMulti VisionMulti Vision

T. Q.T. Q.

SystemizationSystemization

Continuity Continuity

Dual FeedDual Feed

(SATL)(SATL)

DynamicsDynamicsIntegrationIntegration

WholismWholismConstructivismConstructivism

Positive Attitudes Positive

Attitudes

High Skills

High Skills

Correct Systemic CognitionCorrect Systemic Cognition

Systemic ThinkingSystemic Thinking

SelectivitySelectivityMulti VisionMulti Vision

Application of SATL :

SATL was applied in the fields of Basic, Environmental, Agricultural, Engineering, Medicinal, Linguistics...Sciences, in General and University Education.

The statistical analysis of student achievement results shows that the students engaged with SATL materials and taught by teachers trained in systemics achieve at significantly higher levels of performance than those taught by the standard linear methods.

Systemic Approach to Teaching and Learning (SATL) was found in Egypt (1997) and implemented successfully during academic years (2004/2005), (2005/2006) and (2006/2007) in English, Arabic Languages, and Math.

Objectives of (SATLE):1- Enhancing pupil’s ability to make systemic relationships between

letters to form words and words to form sentences and sentences to form comprehension.

2- Developing pupil’s ability for learning and teachers capability for teaching.

3- Promoting cooperative and interactive learning.4- Enhancing pupil’s ability to learn at higher level. (Synthesis,

Analysis and Creativity).5- Helping the teacher to discover the gifted and talented students.6- Enhancing the ability to think globally which is quite important for

the preparation of contemporary generations in the global age.

SATL In English Language

Test (1)Test (1) Letter (A)Letter (A)

(Apple) Analyze the word into letters

A p p l e

5 Letters

Arrange the letters in a systemic diagram :

p

e

l

p

A

Test (2)Test (2) Letter (B)Letter (B)

(Ball) (Book)(Bee)(Banana)

Analyze the words into letters

4 Letters4 Letters3 Letters6 Letters

Ball

Arrange the letters in the following systemics:

(………….)(………….)(………….)(………….)

Test (3)Test (3) Letter (C)Letter (C)

(Cat) (Car) (Chair)

Analyze the words into letters3 Letters3 Letters5 Letters


(………….)(………….)(………….)

Test (4)Test (4) Letter (M)Letter (M)

(Milk) (Monkey) (Mouse)

Analyze the words into letters4 Letters6 Letters5 Letters

MilkArrange the letters in the following systemics:

(………….)(………….)(………….)

Test (5)Test (5) Letter (S)Letter (S)

(Sun) (Star)(Six)(Seven)

Analyze the words into letters

3 Letters4 Letters3 Letters5 Letters


(………….)(………….)(………….)(………….)

Test (6)Test (6)

Analyze the following sentences into words:

I Like Peace I Like Apple I Like Fish ILikePeace

Arrange the words in the following systemics:

(………………)

(………………)

(………………)

I

Like Peace

SYSTEMICS APPROACH IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE VSARABIC LANGUAGE

SYSTEMICS APPROACH IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE VSARABIC LANGUAGE

EnglishArabic

Catقطـة

The pupil analyze the words into English and Arabic letters:

Catقـطــة

The pupil arrange the English and Arabic letters in systemics:

قـ

ـةط

C

ta

I- Writing and Readings words: Example: (1)

(Cat) (قطـة)

EnglishArabic

Ahmedأحمد

Then ask the pupil to analyze his name into English and Arabic letters:

Then ask pupil to Arrange the Arabic and English letters in systemics:

Ahmedأحـمـد

Teacher ask pupils to write their names in English and Arabic Languages:

Example:

مـحـ

دأ

h m

A d

e

(Ahmed) (أحمد)

EnglishArabic

Foodطعام

The pupil Analyze the English and Arabic words into letters:

The pupil arrange the English and Arabic letters in systemics:

Foodطـعــام

o o

F d

Teacher ask one pupil to write the word Food, and the Arabic equivalent (طعام) :

ـاعـ

مط

(Food) (طعــام)

II- Write sentences in a systemics

EnglishArabic

Ahmed eats food الطعام يأحمد أكل

The pupil analyze the sentences into Arabic and English Words:

Ahmedeatsfoodالطعام

أحمديأكل

The pupil arrange the English and Arabic words in systemics to give sentences:

Teacher ask one pupil to write sentence from words (eat, Food; ( أكل- طعامي in Arabic and English:

Example:

Ahmed

foodeats

أحمد

الطعامأكـلي

Example:

EnglishArabic

Ali eats Appleي عل تفاح ي أكل

The pupil analyze the sentences into Arabic and English Words:

AlieatsAppleعلىيأكلتفاح

The pupil arrange the English and Arabic words in systemics to give sentences:

Teacher ask one pupil to write sentences from words (eat, Apple تفاح -كليأ ) in Arabic and English:

Ali

Appleeats

على

تفاحأكـلي

GENERAL METHODOLGY

Sayed

Appleeats

سيد

تفاحأكـل

تفــــــاح

برتقــــال

لحــــم

تفــــــاح

برتقــــال

: Exampleلحــــم

......

......أكـل

أحمـــدعلــىسيــدأنـــا

أحمـــدعلــىسيــدأنـــا

أسمـــ))اء

أسمـــ((اء

طعـــا))م

طعـــا((م

…...

……..East's)

AppleOrange

Meet

AppleOrange

Meet

AhmedAli

SayedI

AhmedAli

SayedI

(Names)(Names)

(Food)(Food)

MATHMATH

Complete the following systemics:

10 15

5

(-…)

(-…) (-…)

6 8

2

(+…)

(+…) (+…)

15 20

10

(+…)

(+…) (+…)

40 60

30

(+…)

(+…) (+…)

60

80

40

90

(+…) (+…)

(+…)

(+…)

80

60

40

90

(-…) (-…)

(-…)

(-…)

16 20

8

(-…)

(-…) (-…)

12 16

4

(-…)

(-…) (-…)

Arrange each set of numbers in a systemic diagram then find the relations between them:

(3, 6, 9))10 ,20 ,30()30 ,20 ,40 ,60()15 ,5 ,20 ,30(

6 9

3

(+3)

(+3) (+6)(-6)(-3)

(-3)

Divide 300 pupils into 3 classes in your school:

Example (1)

(100 + 100 + 100 = 300)

Example (2)

(100 + 50 + 150 = 300))............................(

).................().................().................(

100

100100

300

100

15050

300

100

.......

300

....

.......

300

....

.......

300

....

.......

300

MultiplicationMultiplication


06

6

...+

...××...

612

6

+...

×...×...

1218

6

+...

×...×...

1824

6

+...

×...×...

2430

6

+...

×...×...

3036

6

+...

×...×...

3642

6

+...

×...×...

4248

6

+...

×...×...

6 x ….. = 06 x ….. = 6

6 x ….. = 66 x ….. = 12

6 x ….. = 126 x ….. = 18

6 x ….. = 186 x ….. = 24

6 x ….. = 246 x ….. = 30

6 x ….. = 306 x ….. = 36

6 x ….. = 366 x ….. = 42

6 x ….. = 426 x ….. = 48

4854

6

...+

...××...

5460

6

+...

×...×...

6066

6

+...

×...×...

6672

6

+...

×...×...

6 x ….. = 486 x ….. = 54

6 x ….. = 546 x ….. = 60

6 x ….. = 606 x ….. = 66

6 x ….. = 666 x ….. = 72

From the previous systemics complete the following systemic diagrams:

...+0636

1824

1230 6

...××...

...×...×

×...×... ×...

...+

...+

...+

...+

...+

...-

4272

5460

4866 6

...×

...×...×

×...

×... ×...

...+

...+

...+

...+

...+

...-

Analyze the previous systemics into multiplication processes

6 x ….. = 06 x ….. = 66 x ….. = 126 x ….. = 186 x ….. = 246 x ….. = 306 x ….. = 36

6 x ….. = 426 x ….. = 486 x ….. = 546 x ….. = 606 x ….. = 666 x ….. = 72

(SD2)(SD1)

Multiplication Table (6)

Analyze the above systemic diagram (SD3) into multiplication processes:

6 x ….. = 06 x ….. = 66 x ….. = 126 x ….. = 186 x ….. = 246 x ….. = 306 x ….. = 36

6 x ….. = 426 x ….. = 486 x ….. = 546 x ….. = 606 x ….. = 666 x ….. = 72

Complete the following systemic diagram from (SD1, SD2):

18

12

0

6

24

30

48

42

36

72

66

60

54

6

.…×.…× .…×

.…×

.…×

.…×

.…×

.…×.…×

.…×

.…×

.…×

.……

.…+

.…+

.…+

.…+

.…+

.…++……

.…+

.…+

+.……

-.……

.…+ .…+

Linear multiplication

Table (6)

(SD3)The resulted systemic

diagram is known asSystemic Multiplication

Table (6)


+…

÷ ...÷ ..…

-……

54

× .…× .…

9

63

-……

÷ ...÷ ...

+……

45

× .…× .…

5

30

+…

÷ ...× ...…

-……

49

× .…÷ .…

7

56

-……

÷ ...× ...…

+…

56

× .…÷ .…

8

48

-……

÷ ...÷ ...

+…

54

× .…× .…

6

42

Analyze the above systemics into the corresponding mathematical processes:

9 x …… = 5454 ÷ ……= 9

5 x …… = 4545 ÷ ……= 5

7 x …… = 4949 ÷ ……= 7

8 x …… = 5656 ÷ ……= 8

6 x …… = 5454 ÷ ……= 6

9 x …… = 6363 ÷ ……= 9

5 x …… = 3030 ÷ ……= 5

7 x …… = 5656 ÷ ……= 7

8 x …… = 4848 ÷ ……= 8

6 x …… = 4242 ÷ ……= 6

54 + …… = 6363 - ……= 54

30 + …… = 4545 - ……= 30

49 + …… = 5656 - ……= 49

48 + …… = 5656 - ……= 48

42 + …… = 5454 - ……= 42

FROM ENGLISH LANGUAGE TO MATH

5

44

Ahmed

MeetEats

Derive the number of letters in each word:

Write the following sentence in a systemic:

Ahmed Eats Meet

Ahmed = 5 , Eats = 4 , Meet = 4 Letters

Then write the number instead of words in the following systemic:

Then find the math relations between the numbers:

+1-1

-1+1

+0-0

5

44

REFERENCES

“Hand on Hand” for Primary one, Egyptian Ministry of Education (2005).

“Systemic Approach to Teaching and Learning English Language (SATLE) for Primary One”, Ameen F. M. Fahmy, Asmaa G. Gieth, Science Education Centre, Ain shams University, Egypt (2006)

Documents

In Primary Education