In-Building Engineering Technology and Component Theory Presentation

7/28/2019 In-Building Engineering Technology and Component Theory Presentation

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Huawei IBS DepartmentAu gus t 10 2008

Indoor Coverage Engineering

Technology and Passive Device

Principle Presentation


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Contents

Chapter 1 Indoor Coverage Engineering

1. Indoor Coverage Design Criterion

2. Indoor Coverage Construction Procedure

3. Indoor Coverage Survey Procedure

4. Indoor Coverage System Design

Chapter 2 Passive Device Principle

1. Splitter

2. Coupler

3. Hybrid

4. Combiner

5. Attenuator


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3

TX/Rx

Node B

Step 1Confirm

coverage Criterion

Step 3 Confirm

antenna port power

Step 2 Analyze indoorpromulgation model

Step 4 Confirm theantenna coverage

radius and location to

guide the installation

Indoor Coverage Design Cri ter ion

After finishing the 4 steps, start

indoor coverage design.


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Confirm Coverage Criterion

Plan Antenna Port Power

Indoor Promulgation Model

Typical Scenarios Antenna Radius

Indoo r Coverage Eng ineer


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No. Traffic Model CoverageLevel

Coverage Area Function

1

384Kbps

HSDPA/HSUPAFirst Level

Vendors Office Building

2 Business Hotel above 3 Stars

3 High Grade Business Building

4 Huge Shopping Center for IT

5 Huge Exhibition and Airport

6 High Grade Living Apartment

7

128Kbps

VOIP

Second

Level

Hotel

8 Office Building

9 KTV and Shopping Plaza

10 Big and High traffic Shopping or Market

11 Living Apartment

12 64Kbps

Video CallThird Level

Elevator

13 Parking

Confirm Coverage Cri ter ion

WCDMA Coverage Area Traff ic Model


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WCDMA Indoor Co verage Criter ion Reference Value

No. Traffic Level Ec Ec/Io Remark

1 384Kbps First -85dBm -8dB High speed data load area

2 128Kbps Second -90dBm -10dB Slow speed data load area

364Kbps

12.2KbpsThird -95dBm -12dB Video Call, VOIP and so on

4 Spillage10m far away from the buildingthe first outdoor cell

Pilot Ec/Ioindoor cell Pilot Ec/Io5dB

Note: System load, downlink 75%, uplink 50%.



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Good handover between the indoor cell and outdoor cell

CQT:CS Traffic BLER less than 1%; PS Traffic BLER less than10%

Antenna Distributed System VSWR1.5

Call Set up Success Rate (all QOS traffics) : normally speaking 95%

Call Drop Rate: normally speaking 1%

Congestion Rate : normally speaking 2%

Soft handover Success Rate : normally speaking 98%

Soft handover Rate : normally speaking 30%

Softer handover Success Rate : normally speaking 98%

Hard handover Success Rate : normally speaking 89%

Others WCDMA Indoor Criter ion Reference Value



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TX/Rx

Node B

Minimum Coupling Loss (MCL) is defined the minimum coupling loss

between the BTS receiver and the Cell phone transmitter.

MCL has made up by two parts: the free space loss between the indoor

antenna and the cell phone, the path loss between the BTS receiver

and the indoor antenna.

Plan An tenna Port Power

Far and near effectMCL Value


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The UE transmitter power is less than -50dBm according to 3GPP,

and based on the above simulation diagram if MCL is -45dBm, it is -

95dBm of the signal from cell phone transmitter to BTS receiver,

that is to say it raise the noise by about 9dB.(BTS Background

Noise is -105dBm)



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If MCL is 65dB, the signal is -115dBm from UE transmitter to BTS

receiver, and it raises the noise by less than 0.4dB based on the MCL

Simulation Diagram and is ignored. So the MCL is up to 65dB for

indoor distributed system.

Assume the distance is 1m between the indoor antenna and UE, the

frequency is 2100MHz, and then the free space loss is 38dB between

the indoor antenna and cell phone transmitter;

Assume the path loss is the same for uplink and downlink, their

frequency is close;

And if MCL =38dB+33-CPICH is more than 65dB,

The antenna port Pilot Channel power is less than 6dBm

According to coverage criterion, the reference CPICH of antenna

port power should be 05dBm.



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ITU-R P.1238 Indoor Promulgation Model

It is separated to NLOS and LOS; For NLOS, the model formula

NLOS)(X28dBLlog(d)*Nlog(f)*20L f(n)ID

)(LOSX28dBlog(d)*20log(f)*20PLLOS

Distance Loss Coefficient

Frequency, Unit is MHzDistance between Antenna and Cell phone, Unit is m

Floor Penetration Loss Coefficient

Slow fading margin, it depends on coverage probability and indoor slow

fading criterion

N

fd

nfL

X

Distance Loss Coefficient

Frequency (GHz)Residential

areaOffice Shopping

1.8-2GHz 28 30 22

For LOS, the model formula

N

For indoor coverage the Floor Penetration Loss Coefficient should be the Wall Penetration

Loss Coefficient.

WCDAM Indoo r Promulgat ion Model

Floor Penetration Loss Coefficient

Frequency (GHz)Residential

areaOffice Shopping

1.8-2GHz 4n 15+4(n-1) 6+3(n-1)

nfL

nfL


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Keenan-Motley Indoor Promulgation Model

WPd20logf20log32.5dBPL

Frequency, Unit is MHz

Distance between the antenna and cell phone, Unit is Km

Wall Loss Reference Value

Wall Quantity

It ignores the indoor slow fading margin and body loss.

f

d

PW


Keenan-Motley Model is made up by the free space promulgation model and

the wall penetration loss.


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Huawei Indoor Promulgation Model

Based on ITU Model, Keenan-Motley Model and the results of testing and analyzing

data, Huawei presents its indoor promulgation model.

f(n) XL28dBlog(d)*20log(f)*20PL(d)

Frequency, Unit is MHz;

Distance between the indoor antenna and cell phone, Unit is m;

Slow Fading Margin, It depends on coverage probability and indoor

coverage criterion;

Pi is the i wall penetration loss; n is wall quantity.

f

d

n

0i

infPL

X

Typical Wall Penetration Loss (dB)

Frequency (GHz) Concrete Bricky Wood Thick Glass Thin Glass Elevator

1.8-2GHz 1530 10 5 35 13 2030



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Assume the antenna port CPICH is 0dBm, Body loss is 6dB,the

distance is 10m;PL(d)=20*log(2100)+20*log(10)-28+10+6=75dBEdge Coverage:0dBm-75dB-6dB=-81dBm.

How many the edge coverage is, after WCDMA signal penetrating one bricky wall?

0dBm

?dBm

0.746dB 10dB

Edge CoverageCPICHPL(d)Body Loss

f(n) XL28dBlog(d)*20log(f)*20PL(d)

X nfL

WCDAM Indoo r Coverage Link B udget


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Typ ical Scenarios Antenna Coverage Radius

WCDMA Antenna Port CPICH is 05dBm, the edge coverage Ec-90dBm;

2G Antenna Port BCCH is 10dBm, the edge coverage -85dBm.

Scenarios Description Antenna 3G Radius 2G Radius

KTV Plaza

Thick wall and private

washing room near the

door

Ceiling Omni 810m 1012m

Hotel and

Restaurant

Bricky wall and private

rest room near the doorCeiling Omni 1012m 1215m

Office Building

and

Shopping Mall

Glass wall or Shelves

PartitionCeiling Omni 1215m 1520m

Parking/

Meeting/Hall

Open area mainly

and the pillars or

equipment room in

the middle

Ceiling Omni 1520m 25m

Exhibition Open and High Directional 50m 100m

Elevator Guest

Direction toward

elevator hall3 floors 5 floors

Direction toward

elevator shaft5 floors 7 floors


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Contents







1. Splitter

2. Coupler

3. Hybrid

4. Combiner

5. Attenuator


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Indoor Si te Construc t ion Procedure

Site Acquisition

Y

Y

N

Customer providing building name,

coverage area, target and requirement

Coverage, Capacity, Interference,

Cost, Installation, design document,

Drawing and quotation and so on

Customer Check and approve indoor design

Packed and delivered BOQ,

arrange Installation Coordinator,

installation based on the design document strictly

Defined the change type, simple change and big change;

Site field supervisor in charge of simple change;

designer do the big change, and submitted the change order

Coverage test and hardware installation acceptance

Output walk test report and as-built document

Modification depends on the situation,

the owner and the customer.

Commercial launch one month later,

walk test, drive test and call quality testAcceptance and signature

Site Survey

Indoor Design

Design Approval

Implementation

Solution Change

As-built

Project Modification

Acceptance

Building summary

(floor function, structure and electromagnetism ),customer special requirement

Y

N

N


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Define coverage areaWhole building coverage or part building

coverage except car-parking, elevator

and so on.

Different type

building and differentfloor of the building

have the different

coverage

requirement.

Define traffic and service

Different traffic and service have

different coverage requirement.

Indoo r Site Survey

Define Acceptance KPI

Coverage Requirement;

Network KPI.


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Contents







1. Splitter

2. Coupler

3. Hybrid

4. Combiner

5. Attenuator


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Indoor Engineer ing Design

Survey target

Engineering Survey

Electromagnetism Survey

Simulation test


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Indoo r Coverage Survey Target

Survey target

Survey the building structure, electromagnetism environment,

owner request and so on; confirm the indoor distributed

antenna system solution.

work before survey

Tools and documents


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Indoo r Coverage Survey Target

Work before survey

Get operators survey permission and owners access

Collect the distribution and location of outdoor sites near it

Get the building plan and correlative data from the subscribers or the

owner; in case no, the site survey engineer should draw the building

floor plan or take photo for the fire control plan.

Before site survey, read carefully the building plan, have the clear

understanding about the building structure

Know the coverage requirement, for example coverage area and coverage level


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Indoo r Coverage Surv ey Target

GSM Test

Phone( including SIM Card)

Laptop (including WCDMA

and GSM test software)

GPS(including compass)

Tapeline or infrared range finder

Simulation test omni antenna Site survey report

Building Plan

Digital Camera

Simulation TransmitterGSMWCDMA

WCDMA Signal Source

WCDMA Receiver

WCDMA Test Phone

Tools and Documents


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Survey target

Engineering Survey

Electromagnetism Survey

Simulation test


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Indoor engineer ing survey

Building design plan

Geography location of indoor site

Building height, floor and total area

Description and division for

building floor function

Description for coverage area

Site Description


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Survey the building structure

1 Based on the building structure to confirm the coverage radius and thelocation of indoor antenna

2 Based on the ceiling structure to confirm the cable feeder route

3Confirm the location and quantity of low power well, redundancy space for

laying the cable

4Confirm the location and quantity of elevator well, exit and entrance

location for the cable

5 Confirm the function and operation region for all elevators

6 Confirm the location of main equipment room

7 Confirm the power access point for indoor coverage system

8Confirm the grounding system of building, including the points and

resistance

Indoor Engineer ing Survey


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Survey target

Engineering SurveyElectromagnetism Survey

Simulation test


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Based on the customer request and the GSM network

performance test result to confirm how to solve the problems

GSM Electromagnetic Environment Test Contents

Main BCCH Rx Level, the parameters for BSIC,LAC,CI,C1 and C2,

the call quality level in coverage area;

Statistical call set up success rate, call drop rate, the handover and

the interference and so on;

Frequent handover area and max BCCH Rx level;

Border upon cell frequency point and Rx level;

Frozen area or closed area;

Range signal and max Rx level;

Hopping status, hopping type and cell ID and so on;

Based on the current radio environment to confirm the interference

between the operators.

GSM Electromagnetic Environm ent Test


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WCDMA Electromagnetic Environment Test Parameters

Scrambling Code, Ec, Ec/Io, TX_POWER, BLER, Handover

Success Rate, Call Drop Rate and so on.

Data Analyzing Information

Current radio network condition for coverage areadefined frozen area,

pilot polluted area, the signal power and quantity of outdoor cells

penetrated through indoor area, the interference area, the call set up

success rate, call drop rate, handover and so on)

EcEc/IoTX route of outdoor cells penetrated through indoor area;

SCEcEc/IoTxBLER list and statistical percentage value;

Presented the special condition in the analyzing report for every floor.

WCDMA Electromagnetic Environment Test


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The edge of the floor Following the porch on the floorEntrance and exit

of the elevators and stairs

Based on the building condition to define the low coverage area

Electromagnetic Environment Test Route

Electrom agnetic Environm ent Test


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Attention Points

The height is 1.5 meters between the story and test phone.

Test performs on different structure floor including detailed test route.

Scanning frequency test performs on the floor except the underground car

parking and the same structure floor.

Test performs on no-standard floor per 5 or 8 stories. The results of walk

test analyzing shows with the statistical histogram in the design document.

Electromagnet ic Environment Test

I d E i i D i


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Survey target

Engineering SurveyElectromagnetism Survey

Simulation test


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Simu lat ion Test

Simulation test attention points

Choose the typical story to test;

Choose the typical position to test (porch, back door, middle of the

room and near by the window);

Summarize the test methods and results.


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Contents







1. Splitter

2. Coupler

3. Hybrid

4. Combiner

5. Attenuator

I d C E i i


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Design General Principle and Procedure

Signal Source and Distributed System Choice

How to plan the cells

Confirm the equipment location

Antenna Distribution

How to cover the elevator

Cable Route

Power Distribution

Control Handover

Control Interference and Spillage

Design Cases

Indoo r Coverage Eng ineer ing


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Design General Princ iple

Lower power, more antennas

Dripping Filling Principle

First Part plan, Second trunkFirst Horizon plan, Second vertical

Use 7/8 cable on trunkUse 1/2 cable on branch less 30m

Use coupler on trunk

Use splitter on branch


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Indoor Design Procedure

Signal Source and

Distributed System choice

Plan Coverage Cell

After surveying, start indoor design based on the following procedure

Confirm the location of

the antennas and main equipment

Antenna Distribution (Horizon)

Planning cable route

Elevator Coverage

Power Distribution (On trunk)

System handover planningControl the interference

between indoor and outdoor

Path Loss in CableDistribution Loss

of Passive Device



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Cable Route

Power Distribution

Control Handover


Design Cases


Signal Source and Distr ibuted System Choice


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Signal Source

Macro

BTS

BBU+RRU

BBU+RHUB+pRRU (Digital Distributed System Repeater

Si l S d Di t ib t d S t Ch i


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Indoor

DistributedSystem

iDBS

Mixed

DLS

DAS


ODN

DAS Distributed Antenna System

DLS Distributed Leaky Cable System

Mixed Distributed Antenna and Leaky Cable System

ODN Optical Fiber Distributed System

iDBS indoor Distributed Node B System

Si l S d Di t ib t d S t Ch i


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Scenario Type and Area Signal Source Distributed System

Mini Buildings60000m2 RRU/Macro BTS

/pRRU

iDBS/DAS/ODN

Super Huge Building

>150000 m2

Macro BTS/pRRU iDBS/DAS/ODN

Narrowand long

Building

Subway RRU/Macro BTS DASEntrance and ExitDLSTunnel

Optical Fiber+RRU

Railway and

Tunnel

RRU/Repeater DAS

DLS

ODN

Some advices about the Signal Source and Indoor Distributed System

Signal Source and Distr ibuted System Cho ice



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Cable Route

Power Distribution

Control Handover


Design Cases


How to p lan the Cells


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How to p lan the Cells

Plan the Cells

by Capacity

Plan the Cells

by Coverage Area

Coverage Capacity Cell Capacity

Vertical Plan

Horizon Plan

Coverage Area Cell Coverage Area



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Cable Route

Power Distribution

Control Handover


Design Cases


Conf i rm the equ ipment locat ion


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Conf i rm the equ ipment locat ion

Special

Room

Elevator

Room Parking

Well

Stair

Room

Location



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Cable Route

Power Distribution

Control Handover


Design Cases


An tenna Distr ibu t ion


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Indoor Antenna Choice

Panel Antenna

Ceiling Omni Antenna Ceiling Omni Antenna

Panel

AntennaYoki

Antenna

Smoke Inductor

Omni Antenna

Omni Antenna

Lampshade

Omni Antenna

An tenna Distr ibut ion


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Antenna Distribution Attention Points

Lay antennas in public area

Use lower power, more antennas distribution in close area

Use higher power, less antennas distribution in open area

Use panel antenna to avoid the spillage in edge area

Use panel antenna and yaki-antenna to cover the elevators

Avoid the handover area in elevator well; in case call drop rises

Min coverage signal power 6 dB more than the main signal power




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Standard

Story

Based on the different scenario to plan the antenna distribution

Low Stories

Elevator

Parking

Open Space1520m

Glass Partition1215m

Bricky Wall Partition1012m)

Concrete Wall Partition810m

Antenna Direction

toward elevator hall(3 floors


Antenna Direction

toward elevator well(5 floors



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Top Grade Apartment


Schematic Drawing




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Super Shopping Mall Antenna Distribution Schematic Diagram

Sparse Shelves Dense Shelves

Antenna Coverage Radius 12~15m



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Super Shopping Mall Indoor Coverage Test Result

Sparse Shelves


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Dense Shelves

Super Shopping Mall Indoor Coverage Test Result



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KTV Plaza/Bar Indoor Antenna Distribution Schematic Diagram




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Hotel Guest Story Antenna Distribution Schematic Diagram




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Parking Indoor Antenna Distribution Schematic Diagram




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Cable Route

Power Distribution

Control Handover


Design Cases

doo Co e age g ee g



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Antenna Direction toward

The Elevator Well

GSM: 7 floors

WCDMA: 5 floors

Antenna Port Power

GSM BCCH10dBm

WCDMA CPICH 5dBm

Antenna Direction toward

The Elevator Hall

GSM: 5 floors

WCDMA: 3 floors



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Cable Route

Power Distribution

Control Handover


Design Cases

g g g

Cable Rou te


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1After getting the owners permission, the indoor cable route follows

the parking, the low power well, the elevator well, the ceiling and so

on;

2Reuse the existing wells to lay the cable in the living gardens, for

example the redundancy wells for power system and street lamp

cable, the optical fiber wells, the water wells, the television wells and

so on.



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Cable Route

Power Distribution

Control Handover


Design Cases

g g g

Power Distr ibu t ion


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Using the below passive device to distribute power

Coaxial CablePower Splitter

Power Coupler

Power Distr ibut io n


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First Horizon Plan, use the power splitter to keep balance for the power;

Use 1/2 Coaxial cable less 30 meters on the story

Based on the antenna quantity to choose the 2 ways, 3 Ways and 4

ways power splitter

Power Splitter

Power Splitter



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Second Trunk, use coupler and 7/8 coaxial cable to save the path loss on the trunk

Based on the trunk power and the requirement of the horizon story to choose 5dB,

6dB, 7dB, 10dB, 15dB or 20dB coupler

BBU

RRU

Coupler

Coupler



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Design General Idea

Coupler on the

trunk to install in

the cable wells

Splitter on the horizon story

to install in cable wells or

above the ceiling

Installation

Schematic diagram

Main equipment toinstall in the room or

against wall



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If only using the couplers are used on the trunk, the power balance

couldnt to keep; so using the couplers and splitters to instead of only

using the couplers.

BBU

RRU

15dB

15dB

10dB

2dBm

2dBm

1dBm

1dBm

10dB 5dBm

5dBm

BBU

RRU

Coupler

Splitter

Only Coupling

Coupler and Splitter



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If the owner or the customer has some special request, all passive device

should be installed in the cable well to ensure the installation and

maintenance in the future.

Main using splitter on trunk

BBU

RRU



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Design General Principle and ProcedureSignal Source and Distributed System Choice





Cable Route

Power Distribution

Control Handover


Design Cases

Control System Handover


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Hall

entrance &

exit

Elevator door

per story Entrance and

exit parking

Beside

windows

per story

Where is

the indoorhandover

area?



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Handover

area

Generally speaking the handover area is outdoor area 5~7 meters far from

the hall gate, that is to say in this area the indoor cell CPICH RSCP is less

than -95dBm based on the spillage index. The handover area should not be

not only near by the road but also deep through the hall.

Control handover methods in hall:

Lower power and more antennas

Use the directional indoor antenna

Adjustable antenna power



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9F

8F

7F

6F

4F

1F

B1F

2F

3F

5F

10F

11F

12F

ANT1-11F-n

ANT1-7F-n

ANT1-3F-n

Elevator handover design strategy:

Use the same cell to cover the same elevator

Configure the neighbor cell if there are 2 or more different cells in one elevator

Use the antenna direction toward to the elevator hall

Elevator hall is the handover area when the elevator cell is different from theelevator hall

9F

8F

7F

6F

4F

1F

B1F

2F

3F

5F

10F

11F

12F

ANT1-11F-n

ANT1-7F-n

ANT1-3F-n

Cell

A

Cell

B

ANT1-11F-n

ANT1-7F-n

ANT1-3F-n

HallThe same cell Handover in well Handover in hall



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High rise handover design strategy:

Lower power and more antennas, install the antenna in the room;

Use the directional antenna and install it against the windows.



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Shaft

A

Shaft

B

Install the antenna

near by the parking

entrance & exit

Parking handover design strategy



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Cable Route

Power Distribution

Control Handover


Design Cases

Contro l Interference and Spi l lage


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Node B

Node B

Node B

Node B

Lower power and more antennas is good method to controlthe interference and spillage between indoor and outdoor

cells;

The installation of directional antenna is other way to control

interference and spillage;

To optimize the outdoor network



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Cable Route

Power Distribution

Control Handover


Design Cases

Design Cases


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AITU xx Indoor Coverage Project

Building height B4F75F;B4F-B1F and 1F-4F Car parking;

GF Stores;

5F Chamber;

6F75F Apartment;B4F4F 3600 m2 per floor;5F-6F 1500m2 per floor.

Design Cases


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Plan the coverage cells


Antenna Distributed

(Horizon Story/Floor)

Cable Route

Elevator Coverage

Power Distribution

(On trunk route)

RRU+DAS

Cell A B4F-21F

Cell B 22F-48F

Cell C 49F-75F

G26F55F

6 antennas B4F-5F

4 antennas 6F-75F

Well and Ceiling

Laying 2 antennas

in elevatorhall

Design Cases


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Parking Antenna Distribution

To install power splitter in the stories shaft;

To use 1/2 coaxial cable in the horizon story.

Shaft A

Shaft

ShaftShaft B

Stories Antenna Distribution

Design Cases


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Cell A System Schematic Diagram(B4F-21F)


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Contents







1. Splitter

2. Coupler

3. Hybrid

4. Combiner

5. Attenuator


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Splitter

Coupler

Hybrid

Combiner

Attenuator

Indoo r Coverage Pass ive Device

Spl i tter Introduct ion


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Air-lacuna Power Splitter

Mini Band Power Splitter

The differences between them: Waterproof, Handling Power, Insertion

loss and so on.

Power Splitter is one device to separate the RF signal power equally.



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2 Ways Splitter 3 Ways Splitter

Power Splitter Structure Schematic Diagram



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Power Splitter Test Schematic Diagram

Port 1 for VSWR Test, Port 2 and 3 for Insertion Loss Test.

VSWR TEST

Insertion Loss

Insertion Loss



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Name Wide Band Air-lacuna Power Splitter

Model RD-52N/NP-F2 RD-53N/NP-F2 RD-54N/NP-F2

Frequency Range 800~2500MHzSplitting Loss 3 dB 4.8 dB 6 dB

Insertion Loss 0.2 dB 0.2dB 0.2 dB

VSWRinput port 1.2 :1Power Handling 200W

Impedance 50RF Connectors N-K

Dimensions 2106125mm 2336125mm 2336143mm

Weight 0.3 kg 0.44 kg 0.50 kg

Temperature Range -35 ~ +75

Humidity 95%

The conductor is the high-quality alloy, the medium is the air;

The handling power is very huge, it is up to 200W;the medium loss is

very low, it can be ignored;

The air-lacuna power splitter can not used to be combiner for low

isolation between output ports.



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Name Mini Band Power SplitterFrequency Range 800~2500MHz

Splitting Loss 3 dB 4.8 dB 6 dB

Insertion Loss 0.3 dB 0.3dB 0.3 dB

VSWR (input port) 1.25 :1

Power Handling 50W or 100WImpedance 50

Connectors N-K

Temperature Range -35 ~ +75

Humidity 95%

Coup ler Introduct ion


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Power Coupler is one device to separate the RF signal power unequally.

Air-lacuna Power Coupler

Mini Band Power Coupler

The differences between them: Waterproof, Handling Power, Insertion

loss and so on.



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Power Coupler Test Schematic Diagram

Insertion LossVSWR TEST

Coupling Value



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Mini Band Coupler Air-lacuna Coupler

Waterproof Bad Good

Insertion Loss High Low

VSWR Very bad Very good

Direction Very good Very good

Power Handling Small Middle

Intra-structure Jointing Isolated resistance

Dependability Middle Middle

Cost Low High

Comparing Table between Two Types Coupler



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Name Wide Band Air-lacuna Power Coupler

Model RC-5NK/NK/NK-xxF1

Frequency 800-2500MHz

Coupling

6dB6 0.6dB 10dB10 0.8dB

15dB15 0.8dB 20dB20 0.8dB

30dB30 1.0dB

Insertion Loss

6dB< 1.7dB 10dB< 0.7dB

15dB< 0.3dB 20dB< 0.2dB30dB< 0.15dB

VSWR 1.2 1

Power Handling 200W

Impedance 50

Connectors N-K

Dimensions 219.662.625mmWeight 0.48 kg

Temperature -35 ~ +75

Humidity 95%

Hybr id Coupler Int roduct ion


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95

3dB Hybrid is one kind of directional coupler;

Different carries are combined in inter-frequency band.



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96

Only one output port used, terminate with one load in other output, otherwise

there is the bad influence for the system; and there is 3dB power loss to

terminate with one load in one output.

As the power combiner, the two input ports

are isolated and the two output ports are

opposite. No power loss when two output

ports are used.



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97

Name High Power Hybrid Coupler

Model RB-NKF0

Frequency 1710-2200 MHzCoupling Value 3dBnominal

Sensitivity 0.25dB

Insertion Loss 0.2dB

VSWR 1.21

Input Isolation 30dB

Power Handling 200W

Peak Power 1.5kW

Impedance 50

Connector N-K

Dimensions 888720mm

Weight 0.2kgTemperature -55~+125

Humidity 95%

Comb iner Int roduct ion


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98

Combiner is one device made up by the different frequency filters.

Lower Insertion loss, higher isolation, higher power handling, better

temperature dependability and so on.

GSM900/DCS1800/WCDMA Combiner

GSM900/DCS1800 Combiner

GSM900/WCDMA Combiner

Combiner Int roduct ion


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99

Item GSM900 GSM1800 WCDMA

Frequency

Range(MHz)885-960

1710-1785

1805-1880

1920-1980

2110-2170

Dissipative

Loss(dB)0.3 0.6 0.6

Isolation between

Band(dB) 20

Pass Band

Ripple(dB)0.4

Power

Handling(W)300

Intermodulation,PIM(dBc)

-140@+43dBm2

Temperature() -40~+70Connectors N-female

GSM900/DCS1800/WCDMA Combiner

Comb iner Int roduct ion


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100

Use Combine the inter-frequency band BTS signal

Operation Frequency Range Path 1: 800

1000MHzPath 2: 17002000MHz

Frequency Band GSM 200MHz DCS 300MHz

Dissipative Loss 0.5 dB

Stationary wave Loss 18dB

Isolation between Bands 50 dB

Intra-frequency band Control GSM to 17002000MHz50 dB

DCS to 8001000MHz 50 dB

Pass band ripple 0.3dB

Maximum input power (Average) 100W

Impedance 50

Connectors N-K

Temperature Range -3085

Relative Humidity 95%

GSM900/DCS1800 Combiner

Attenuator Introduct ion


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101

Attenuator is opposite between two ports

Attenuator is consumptive

Attenuator is coaxial, fixed and adjustable

Attenuator is used to control and consume the overload

signal power; to extend the measurement range of the

power calculator, spectrum, amplifier, receiver and so on;

to adjust the indoor distributed system antenna port power.


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