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IMS-Diamond Jubilee Public Lecture18 December 2016
Trilochan MohapatraIndian Council of Agricultural Research
Climate Resilience in Indian Agriculture
176 of the worldrsquos human amp 15 livestock population and counting
42 of the worldrsquos water
24 of the worldrsquos area
142 m ha cultivated amp 6326 m ha net irrigated
138 cropping intensity
52 of population earns livelihood from agriculture
141 contribution to GDP
115 earning of total exports
India Today
Total Land 3287 mha
Forest Area 70 mha
Misc Tree Crops 335 mha
Agricultural Land 18246 mha
Degraded land 593 mha
World India
Cereals 25277 23676
Rice 4901 10432
Wheat 7341 9350
Coarse Grains
13036 3794
Maize 8892 2181
Oilseed 548 253
Sugar 17235 255
Meat 3196 62
Milk 8028 1600
Fish 1710 958
Exports Rice 10 mmt Wheat 2 mmt Sugar 2 mmt Cotton 22 mmt Fish 08 mmt
Indiarsquos Food Basket
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
19
94
-95
19
98
-99
20
03
-04
20
04
-05
20
05
-06
20
06
-07
20
07
-08
20
08
-09
20
09
-10
20
10
-11
20
11
-12
20
12
-13
20
13
-14
20
14
-15
20
15
-16
Quantity Exported (in quintals)
Forex Earning (in Rs Crores)
Basmati Export 44 mt (2015-16)Total Export 11 MT Rs 43000 Cr
bull Volume increased to ~4 mtbull Earning declined primarily
because of competitive international market as there is no minimum export price
bull No MSP for Basmati
Increase in Production
Food grains 5 X of 1950s
Milk 85 X
Eggs 43 X
Fish 13 X
Horticultural Crops 3 X of 1990s
Demand is driven by population growth and land availability
1960
2 people
2005
gt4 people
People fed per
hectare(247 acres = 1 hectare)
2030
gt5 people
195025 billion
200565 billion
2030 gt8 billion
World Population
Feeding the Billions Foreverhellip
bull By 2050World population grows to 92 billion = growth of 37
bull Food production must increase by more than 70 and be sustainable
A Growing World
Small Farmers The Core of Indian Agriculture
85
45
14
44
1 11
0
20
40
60
80
100
Holdings Area
Holdings amp operated area
Small
Medium
large
More From Less For More
Starch to Protein to Health Foods
Climate change
Increased cost of production
Stress Agriculture Secondary Agriculture Specialty Agriculture
Agriculture-Food-Nutrition-Health-Environment-Employment
One Health (Soil-Plant-Animal-Man)
Shortage of Labour
Skill and Youth in Agriculture
Trade Market and Price
Context and Concerns
World Map of the Global Climate Risk Index 2015
Climate impacts on food security
Average decline in yields of 8 major crops across Africa and South Asia
Marine fisheries to be affected
Increased fisheries yield in higher latitudes
Losses due to extreme
climatological events
USD 114 billion
Covers 60 ( 80 m ha) of the net sown area
Contributes to gt40 of the food grain production
87 coarse cereals 85 pulses 72 oilseeds 64 cotton and 46 rice
Supports more than 60 of the livestock population
Dominated by resource poor small and marginal farmers
Climate Change and Indian Agriculture
Large country with diverse climate (15 ACZs)
Diverse seasons crops and farming systems
High monsoon dependency
Close link between climate and water resources
Two thirds area rain dependent
Small holders poor coping mechanisms and low penetration of risk management products
Rainfed AgricultureMonsoon Dependent
Global Focus on Agriculture
Feeding the Crores Foreverhellip
Where are the hungry
Food Security Risk Index 2015
Sustainability is the Goal hellip
bull sustainable agriculture is the production of food fiber or other plant or animal products using farming techniques that protect the environment public health human communities and animal welfare
an integrated system of plant and animal
production practices having a site-specific
application that will last over the long term
Sustainable Food Systems
A Healthy Sustainable Food System focuses on
Local seasonal Foods
Health of the Population
Building Communities
Local Economic Development
Supporting Local Producers Processors Distributors and Retailers
Linking Food Security with Nutritional Security
How can we make it more resilient and sustainable
How climate resilient and sustainable Indian agriculture is
Accessions 1891Species 139
Accessions 11650Species 727
Cryo-bank
In vitro GenebankSeed Genebank
Accessions 429110Species 1762
Field GenebankAccessions 51473
Conservation of Plant genetic Resources in India
National Active Germplasm Sites (57)
Region (Climatic condition) Crop Varieties
Mid amp high hills (Delayed rains) Buckwheat VL-7 Himgiri
Mid amp high hills (Low rain fall) Grain amaranth Annapurna Durga PRA-1 PRA-2 VL Chua 44
Mid amp high hills (Mixed crops in apple orchards) Chenopodium Him Bhathua
Mid amp lower hills (Sub humidhumid) Rice bean PRR-1 PRR-2 VRB-3 and BRS-1
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH (Humid) Perilla Shillong local and Jayantia local
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH Marshy land (Humid) Jobrsquos tear Mayun Pollin
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Tumba Mansha Marudhara
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Kalingda Gujarat Karingada-1
Peninsular (AridSemi Arid) Grain amaranth Kapilasa Suvarna
Plains NEH Western amp Eastern Ghats (Subhumidhumid )
Winged bean AKWB-1
Screening Agro-biodiversity for Climate Resilience
316 wheat accessions for terminal heat stress
tolerance0
200
400
600
IC536050 IC401940 EC576585 IC252619
Promising bread wheat accessions for THST
Normal Late
Donor lines in Crops identified through phenotyping
Crop Institute Type of stress involvedNo of lines
identified
Wheat
IARI
Terminal heat
23
NBPGRCore set -2760 amp
Reference set- 3200
Rice
IARI Drought 30
CRRIDrought 8
Multiple Abiotic Stresses (Flooding Salinity) 4
DRR Heat 5
ICAR-NEHDrought 7
Heat 3
MaizeCRIDA
Drought 5
Heat 6
ICAR-NEH Heat 3
Pigeonpea IIPR
Drought 13
Water logging 5
Frost 5
Tomato
IIHR Drought 5
IIVRDrought 7
Heat 4
Swarna Sub 1 the Submergence-tolerant Rice Variety for Eastern India
bull Developed by IRRIbull Released in India by CRRI Cuttackbull Survive full submergence for more than 2
weeksbull 3-35 tha
Sci Rep 2013 3 3315Published online 2013 Nov 22 doi 101038srep03315Flood-tolerant rice reduces yield variability and raises expected yield differentially benefitting socially disadvantaged groupsManzoor H Dar Alain de Janvry Kyle Emerick David Raitzer and Elisabeth Sadoulet
Water logging tolerance in Pigeonpea based on plant stand
Blackgram Greengram Pigeonpea
Genotype OA Genotype OA Genotype OA
UH-80-30 07 Samrat 065 VKS1124-1 16
IPU-99-123 068 EC-398885 058 VKS1124-2 11
PGRU-95018 072 IPM-02-3 062 Bahar 12
ML 818 068 MAL-13 09
TTB-7 16
JKM-7 14
Water logging tolerant lines in pulses
Developing Multiple Stress Tolerance for Climate Resilience and Sustainability
bull Molecular Breedingbull Climate Smart Varieties Productivity Livelihoods
Marker-assisted backcross breeding
4
Genetic Yield Potential Enhancement
12222016
Climate Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture through GM
bull Bt cotton and stress tolerance
bull Targeting two main traits
uptake efficiency
utilization efficiency
bull Low Environmental Footprint
CRISPR-Cas9
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
176 of the worldrsquos human amp 15 livestock population and counting
42 of the worldrsquos water
24 of the worldrsquos area
142 m ha cultivated amp 6326 m ha net irrigated
138 cropping intensity
52 of population earns livelihood from agriculture
141 contribution to GDP
115 earning of total exports
India Today
Total Land 3287 mha
Forest Area 70 mha
Misc Tree Crops 335 mha
Agricultural Land 18246 mha
Degraded land 593 mha
World India
Cereals 25277 23676
Rice 4901 10432
Wheat 7341 9350
Coarse Grains
13036 3794
Maize 8892 2181
Oilseed 548 253
Sugar 17235 255
Meat 3196 62
Milk 8028 1600
Fish 1710 958
Exports Rice 10 mmt Wheat 2 mmt Sugar 2 mmt Cotton 22 mmt Fish 08 mmt
Indiarsquos Food Basket
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
19
94
-95
19
98
-99
20
03
-04
20
04
-05
20
05
-06
20
06
-07
20
07
-08
20
08
-09
20
09
-10
20
10
-11
20
11
-12
20
12
-13
20
13
-14
20
14
-15
20
15
-16
Quantity Exported (in quintals)
Forex Earning (in Rs Crores)
Basmati Export 44 mt (2015-16)Total Export 11 MT Rs 43000 Cr
bull Volume increased to ~4 mtbull Earning declined primarily
because of competitive international market as there is no minimum export price
bull No MSP for Basmati
Increase in Production
Food grains 5 X of 1950s
Milk 85 X
Eggs 43 X
Fish 13 X
Horticultural Crops 3 X of 1990s
Demand is driven by population growth and land availability
1960
2 people
2005
gt4 people
People fed per
hectare(247 acres = 1 hectare)
2030
gt5 people
195025 billion
200565 billion
2030 gt8 billion
World Population
Feeding the Billions Foreverhellip
bull By 2050World population grows to 92 billion = growth of 37
bull Food production must increase by more than 70 and be sustainable
A Growing World
Small Farmers The Core of Indian Agriculture
85
45
14
44
1 11
0
20
40
60
80
100
Holdings Area
Holdings amp operated area
Small
Medium
large
More From Less For More
Starch to Protein to Health Foods
Climate change
Increased cost of production
Stress Agriculture Secondary Agriculture Specialty Agriculture
Agriculture-Food-Nutrition-Health-Environment-Employment
One Health (Soil-Plant-Animal-Man)
Shortage of Labour
Skill and Youth in Agriculture
Trade Market and Price
Context and Concerns
World Map of the Global Climate Risk Index 2015
Climate impacts on food security
Average decline in yields of 8 major crops across Africa and South Asia
Marine fisheries to be affected
Increased fisheries yield in higher latitudes
Losses due to extreme
climatological events
USD 114 billion
Covers 60 ( 80 m ha) of the net sown area
Contributes to gt40 of the food grain production
87 coarse cereals 85 pulses 72 oilseeds 64 cotton and 46 rice
Supports more than 60 of the livestock population
Dominated by resource poor small and marginal farmers
Climate Change and Indian Agriculture
Large country with diverse climate (15 ACZs)
Diverse seasons crops and farming systems
High monsoon dependency
Close link between climate and water resources
Two thirds area rain dependent
Small holders poor coping mechanisms and low penetration of risk management products
Rainfed AgricultureMonsoon Dependent
Global Focus on Agriculture
Feeding the Crores Foreverhellip
Where are the hungry
Food Security Risk Index 2015
Sustainability is the Goal hellip
bull sustainable agriculture is the production of food fiber or other plant or animal products using farming techniques that protect the environment public health human communities and animal welfare
an integrated system of plant and animal
production practices having a site-specific
application that will last over the long term
Sustainable Food Systems
A Healthy Sustainable Food System focuses on
Local seasonal Foods
Health of the Population
Building Communities
Local Economic Development
Supporting Local Producers Processors Distributors and Retailers
Linking Food Security with Nutritional Security
How can we make it more resilient and sustainable
How climate resilient and sustainable Indian agriculture is
Accessions 1891Species 139
Accessions 11650Species 727
Cryo-bank
In vitro GenebankSeed Genebank
Accessions 429110Species 1762
Field GenebankAccessions 51473
Conservation of Plant genetic Resources in India
National Active Germplasm Sites (57)
Region (Climatic condition) Crop Varieties
Mid amp high hills (Delayed rains) Buckwheat VL-7 Himgiri
Mid amp high hills (Low rain fall) Grain amaranth Annapurna Durga PRA-1 PRA-2 VL Chua 44
Mid amp high hills (Mixed crops in apple orchards) Chenopodium Him Bhathua
Mid amp lower hills (Sub humidhumid) Rice bean PRR-1 PRR-2 VRB-3 and BRS-1
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH (Humid) Perilla Shillong local and Jayantia local
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH Marshy land (Humid) Jobrsquos tear Mayun Pollin
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Tumba Mansha Marudhara
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Kalingda Gujarat Karingada-1
Peninsular (AridSemi Arid) Grain amaranth Kapilasa Suvarna
Plains NEH Western amp Eastern Ghats (Subhumidhumid )
Winged bean AKWB-1
Screening Agro-biodiversity for Climate Resilience
316 wheat accessions for terminal heat stress
tolerance0
200
400
600
IC536050 IC401940 EC576585 IC252619
Promising bread wheat accessions for THST
Normal Late
Donor lines in Crops identified through phenotyping
Crop Institute Type of stress involvedNo of lines
identified
Wheat
IARI
Terminal heat
23
NBPGRCore set -2760 amp
Reference set- 3200
Rice
IARI Drought 30
CRRIDrought 8
Multiple Abiotic Stresses (Flooding Salinity) 4
DRR Heat 5
ICAR-NEHDrought 7
Heat 3
MaizeCRIDA
Drought 5
Heat 6
ICAR-NEH Heat 3
Pigeonpea IIPR
Drought 13
Water logging 5
Frost 5
Tomato
IIHR Drought 5
IIVRDrought 7
Heat 4
Swarna Sub 1 the Submergence-tolerant Rice Variety for Eastern India
bull Developed by IRRIbull Released in India by CRRI Cuttackbull Survive full submergence for more than 2
weeksbull 3-35 tha
Sci Rep 2013 3 3315Published online 2013 Nov 22 doi 101038srep03315Flood-tolerant rice reduces yield variability and raises expected yield differentially benefitting socially disadvantaged groupsManzoor H Dar Alain de Janvry Kyle Emerick David Raitzer and Elisabeth Sadoulet
Water logging tolerance in Pigeonpea based on plant stand
Blackgram Greengram Pigeonpea
Genotype OA Genotype OA Genotype OA
UH-80-30 07 Samrat 065 VKS1124-1 16
IPU-99-123 068 EC-398885 058 VKS1124-2 11
PGRU-95018 072 IPM-02-3 062 Bahar 12
ML 818 068 MAL-13 09
TTB-7 16
JKM-7 14
Water logging tolerant lines in pulses
Developing Multiple Stress Tolerance for Climate Resilience and Sustainability
bull Molecular Breedingbull Climate Smart Varieties Productivity Livelihoods
Marker-assisted backcross breeding
4
Genetic Yield Potential Enhancement
12222016
Climate Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture through GM
bull Bt cotton and stress tolerance
bull Targeting two main traits
uptake efficiency
utilization efficiency
bull Low Environmental Footprint
CRISPR-Cas9
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
World India
Cereals 25277 23676
Rice 4901 10432
Wheat 7341 9350
Coarse Grains
13036 3794
Maize 8892 2181
Oilseed 548 253
Sugar 17235 255
Meat 3196 62
Milk 8028 1600
Fish 1710 958
Exports Rice 10 mmt Wheat 2 mmt Sugar 2 mmt Cotton 22 mmt Fish 08 mmt
Indiarsquos Food Basket
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
19
94
-95
19
98
-99
20
03
-04
20
04
-05
20
05
-06
20
06
-07
20
07
-08
20
08
-09
20
09
-10
20
10
-11
20
11
-12
20
12
-13
20
13
-14
20
14
-15
20
15
-16
Quantity Exported (in quintals)
Forex Earning (in Rs Crores)
Basmati Export 44 mt (2015-16)Total Export 11 MT Rs 43000 Cr
bull Volume increased to ~4 mtbull Earning declined primarily
because of competitive international market as there is no minimum export price
bull No MSP for Basmati
Increase in Production
Food grains 5 X of 1950s
Milk 85 X
Eggs 43 X
Fish 13 X
Horticultural Crops 3 X of 1990s
Demand is driven by population growth and land availability
1960
2 people
2005
gt4 people
People fed per
hectare(247 acres = 1 hectare)
2030
gt5 people
195025 billion
200565 billion
2030 gt8 billion
World Population
Feeding the Billions Foreverhellip
bull By 2050World population grows to 92 billion = growth of 37
bull Food production must increase by more than 70 and be sustainable
A Growing World
Small Farmers The Core of Indian Agriculture
85
45
14
44
1 11
0
20
40
60
80
100
Holdings Area
Holdings amp operated area
Small
Medium
large
More From Less For More
Starch to Protein to Health Foods
Climate change
Increased cost of production
Stress Agriculture Secondary Agriculture Specialty Agriculture
Agriculture-Food-Nutrition-Health-Environment-Employment
One Health (Soil-Plant-Animal-Man)
Shortage of Labour
Skill and Youth in Agriculture
Trade Market and Price
Context and Concerns
World Map of the Global Climate Risk Index 2015
Climate impacts on food security
Average decline in yields of 8 major crops across Africa and South Asia
Marine fisheries to be affected
Increased fisheries yield in higher latitudes
Losses due to extreme
climatological events
USD 114 billion
Covers 60 ( 80 m ha) of the net sown area
Contributes to gt40 of the food grain production
87 coarse cereals 85 pulses 72 oilseeds 64 cotton and 46 rice
Supports more than 60 of the livestock population
Dominated by resource poor small and marginal farmers
Climate Change and Indian Agriculture
Large country with diverse climate (15 ACZs)
Diverse seasons crops and farming systems
High monsoon dependency
Close link between climate and water resources
Two thirds area rain dependent
Small holders poor coping mechanisms and low penetration of risk management products
Rainfed AgricultureMonsoon Dependent
Global Focus on Agriculture
Feeding the Crores Foreverhellip
Where are the hungry
Food Security Risk Index 2015
Sustainability is the Goal hellip
bull sustainable agriculture is the production of food fiber or other plant or animal products using farming techniques that protect the environment public health human communities and animal welfare
an integrated system of plant and animal
production practices having a site-specific
application that will last over the long term
Sustainable Food Systems
A Healthy Sustainable Food System focuses on
Local seasonal Foods
Health of the Population
Building Communities
Local Economic Development
Supporting Local Producers Processors Distributors and Retailers
Linking Food Security with Nutritional Security
How can we make it more resilient and sustainable
How climate resilient and sustainable Indian agriculture is
Accessions 1891Species 139
Accessions 11650Species 727
Cryo-bank
In vitro GenebankSeed Genebank
Accessions 429110Species 1762
Field GenebankAccessions 51473
Conservation of Plant genetic Resources in India
National Active Germplasm Sites (57)
Region (Climatic condition) Crop Varieties
Mid amp high hills (Delayed rains) Buckwheat VL-7 Himgiri
Mid amp high hills (Low rain fall) Grain amaranth Annapurna Durga PRA-1 PRA-2 VL Chua 44
Mid amp high hills (Mixed crops in apple orchards) Chenopodium Him Bhathua
Mid amp lower hills (Sub humidhumid) Rice bean PRR-1 PRR-2 VRB-3 and BRS-1
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH (Humid) Perilla Shillong local and Jayantia local
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH Marshy land (Humid) Jobrsquos tear Mayun Pollin
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Tumba Mansha Marudhara
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Kalingda Gujarat Karingada-1
Peninsular (AridSemi Arid) Grain amaranth Kapilasa Suvarna
Plains NEH Western amp Eastern Ghats (Subhumidhumid )
Winged bean AKWB-1
Screening Agro-biodiversity for Climate Resilience
316 wheat accessions for terminal heat stress
tolerance0
200
400
600
IC536050 IC401940 EC576585 IC252619
Promising bread wheat accessions for THST
Normal Late
Donor lines in Crops identified through phenotyping
Crop Institute Type of stress involvedNo of lines
identified
Wheat
IARI
Terminal heat
23
NBPGRCore set -2760 amp
Reference set- 3200
Rice
IARI Drought 30
CRRIDrought 8
Multiple Abiotic Stresses (Flooding Salinity) 4
DRR Heat 5
ICAR-NEHDrought 7
Heat 3
MaizeCRIDA
Drought 5
Heat 6
ICAR-NEH Heat 3
Pigeonpea IIPR
Drought 13
Water logging 5
Frost 5
Tomato
IIHR Drought 5
IIVRDrought 7
Heat 4
Swarna Sub 1 the Submergence-tolerant Rice Variety for Eastern India
bull Developed by IRRIbull Released in India by CRRI Cuttackbull Survive full submergence for more than 2
weeksbull 3-35 tha
Sci Rep 2013 3 3315Published online 2013 Nov 22 doi 101038srep03315Flood-tolerant rice reduces yield variability and raises expected yield differentially benefitting socially disadvantaged groupsManzoor H Dar Alain de Janvry Kyle Emerick David Raitzer and Elisabeth Sadoulet
Water logging tolerance in Pigeonpea based on plant stand
Blackgram Greengram Pigeonpea
Genotype OA Genotype OA Genotype OA
UH-80-30 07 Samrat 065 VKS1124-1 16
IPU-99-123 068 EC-398885 058 VKS1124-2 11
PGRU-95018 072 IPM-02-3 062 Bahar 12
ML 818 068 MAL-13 09
TTB-7 16
JKM-7 14
Water logging tolerant lines in pulses
Developing Multiple Stress Tolerance for Climate Resilience and Sustainability
bull Molecular Breedingbull Climate Smart Varieties Productivity Livelihoods
Marker-assisted backcross breeding
4
Genetic Yield Potential Enhancement
12222016
Climate Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture through GM
bull Bt cotton and stress tolerance
bull Targeting two main traits
uptake efficiency
utilization efficiency
bull Low Environmental Footprint
CRISPR-Cas9
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Demand is driven by population growth and land availability
1960
2 people
2005
gt4 people
People fed per
hectare(247 acres = 1 hectare)
2030
gt5 people
195025 billion
200565 billion
2030 gt8 billion
World Population
Feeding the Billions Foreverhellip
bull By 2050World population grows to 92 billion = growth of 37
bull Food production must increase by more than 70 and be sustainable
A Growing World
Small Farmers The Core of Indian Agriculture
85
45
14
44
1 11
0
20
40
60
80
100
Holdings Area
Holdings amp operated area
Small
Medium
large
More From Less For More
Starch to Protein to Health Foods
Climate change
Increased cost of production
Stress Agriculture Secondary Agriculture Specialty Agriculture
Agriculture-Food-Nutrition-Health-Environment-Employment
One Health (Soil-Plant-Animal-Man)
Shortage of Labour
Skill and Youth in Agriculture
Trade Market and Price
Context and Concerns
World Map of the Global Climate Risk Index 2015
Climate impacts on food security
Average decline in yields of 8 major crops across Africa and South Asia
Marine fisheries to be affected
Increased fisheries yield in higher latitudes
Losses due to extreme
climatological events
USD 114 billion
Covers 60 ( 80 m ha) of the net sown area
Contributes to gt40 of the food grain production
87 coarse cereals 85 pulses 72 oilseeds 64 cotton and 46 rice
Supports more than 60 of the livestock population
Dominated by resource poor small and marginal farmers
Climate Change and Indian Agriculture
Large country with diverse climate (15 ACZs)
Diverse seasons crops and farming systems
High monsoon dependency
Close link between climate and water resources
Two thirds area rain dependent
Small holders poor coping mechanisms and low penetration of risk management products
Rainfed AgricultureMonsoon Dependent
Global Focus on Agriculture
Feeding the Crores Foreverhellip
Where are the hungry
Food Security Risk Index 2015
Sustainability is the Goal hellip
bull sustainable agriculture is the production of food fiber or other plant or animal products using farming techniques that protect the environment public health human communities and animal welfare
an integrated system of plant and animal
production practices having a site-specific
application that will last over the long term
Sustainable Food Systems
A Healthy Sustainable Food System focuses on
Local seasonal Foods
Health of the Population
Building Communities
Local Economic Development
Supporting Local Producers Processors Distributors and Retailers
Linking Food Security with Nutritional Security
How can we make it more resilient and sustainable
How climate resilient and sustainable Indian agriculture is
Accessions 1891Species 139
Accessions 11650Species 727
Cryo-bank
In vitro GenebankSeed Genebank
Accessions 429110Species 1762
Field GenebankAccessions 51473
Conservation of Plant genetic Resources in India
National Active Germplasm Sites (57)
Region (Climatic condition) Crop Varieties
Mid amp high hills (Delayed rains) Buckwheat VL-7 Himgiri
Mid amp high hills (Low rain fall) Grain amaranth Annapurna Durga PRA-1 PRA-2 VL Chua 44
Mid amp high hills (Mixed crops in apple orchards) Chenopodium Him Bhathua
Mid amp lower hills (Sub humidhumid) Rice bean PRR-1 PRR-2 VRB-3 and BRS-1
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH (Humid) Perilla Shillong local and Jayantia local
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH Marshy land (Humid) Jobrsquos tear Mayun Pollin
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Tumba Mansha Marudhara
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Kalingda Gujarat Karingada-1
Peninsular (AridSemi Arid) Grain amaranth Kapilasa Suvarna
Plains NEH Western amp Eastern Ghats (Subhumidhumid )
Winged bean AKWB-1
Screening Agro-biodiversity for Climate Resilience
316 wheat accessions for terminal heat stress
tolerance0
200
400
600
IC536050 IC401940 EC576585 IC252619
Promising bread wheat accessions for THST
Normal Late
Donor lines in Crops identified through phenotyping
Crop Institute Type of stress involvedNo of lines
identified
Wheat
IARI
Terminal heat
23
NBPGRCore set -2760 amp
Reference set- 3200
Rice
IARI Drought 30
CRRIDrought 8
Multiple Abiotic Stresses (Flooding Salinity) 4
DRR Heat 5
ICAR-NEHDrought 7
Heat 3
MaizeCRIDA
Drought 5
Heat 6
ICAR-NEH Heat 3
Pigeonpea IIPR
Drought 13
Water logging 5
Frost 5
Tomato
IIHR Drought 5
IIVRDrought 7
Heat 4
Swarna Sub 1 the Submergence-tolerant Rice Variety for Eastern India
bull Developed by IRRIbull Released in India by CRRI Cuttackbull Survive full submergence for more than 2
weeksbull 3-35 tha
Sci Rep 2013 3 3315Published online 2013 Nov 22 doi 101038srep03315Flood-tolerant rice reduces yield variability and raises expected yield differentially benefitting socially disadvantaged groupsManzoor H Dar Alain de Janvry Kyle Emerick David Raitzer and Elisabeth Sadoulet
Water logging tolerance in Pigeonpea based on plant stand
Blackgram Greengram Pigeonpea
Genotype OA Genotype OA Genotype OA
UH-80-30 07 Samrat 065 VKS1124-1 16
IPU-99-123 068 EC-398885 058 VKS1124-2 11
PGRU-95018 072 IPM-02-3 062 Bahar 12
ML 818 068 MAL-13 09
TTB-7 16
JKM-7 14
Water logging tolerant lines in pulses
Developing Multiple Stress Tolerance for Climate Resilience and Sustainability
bull Molecular Breedingbull Climate Smart Varieties Productivity Livelihoods
Marker-assisted backcross breeding
4
Genetic Yield Potential Enhancement
12222016
Climate Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture through GM
bull Bt cotton and stress tolerance
bull Targeting two main traits
uptake efficiency
utilization efficiency
bull Low Environmental Footprint
CRISPR-Cas9
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Small Farmers The Core of Indian Agriculture
85
45
14
44
1 11
0
20
40
60
80
100
Holdings Area
Holdings amp operated area
Small
Medium
large
More From Less For More
Starch to Protein to Health Foods
Climate change
Increased cost of production
Stress Agriculture Secondary Agriculture Specialty Agriculture
Agriculture-Food-Nutrition-Health-Environment-Employment
One Health (Soil-Plant-Animal-Man)
Shortage of Labour
Skill and Youth in Agriculture
Trade Market and Price
Context and Concerns
World Map of the Global Climate Risk Index 2015
Climate impacts on food security
Average decline in yields of 8 major crops across Africa and South Asia
Marine fisheries to be affected
Increased fisheries yield in higher latitudes
Losses due to extreme
climatological events
USD 114 billion
Covers 60 ( 80 m ha) of the net sown area
Contributes to gt40 of the food grain production
87 coarse cereals 85 pulses 72 oilseeds 64 cotton and 46 rice
Supports more than 60 of the livestock population
Dominated by resource poor small and marginal farmers
Climate Change and Indian Agriculture
Large country with diverse climate (15 ACZs)
Diverse seasons crops and farming systems
High monsoon dependency
Close link between climate and water resources
Two thirds area rain dependent
Small holders poor coping mechanisms and low penetration of risk management products
Rainfed AgricultureMonsoon Dependent
Global Focus on Agriculture
Feeding the Crores Foreverhellip
Where are the hungry
Food Security Risk Index 2015
Sustainability is the Goal hellip
bull sustainable agriculture is the production of food fiber or other plant or animal products using farming techniques that protect the environment public health human communities and animal welfare
an integrated system of plant and animal
production practices having a site-specific
application that will last over the long term
Sustainable Food Systems
A Healthy Sustainable Food System focuses on
Local seasonal Foods
Health of the Population
Building Communities
Local Economic Development
Supporting Local Producers Processors Distributors and Retailers
Linking Food Security with Nutritional Security
How can we make it more resilient and sustainable
How climate resilient and sustainable Indian agriculture is
Accessions 1891Species 139
Accessions 11650Species 727
Cryo-bank
In vitro GenebankSeed Genebank
Accessions 429110Species 1762
Field GenebankAccessions 51473
Conservation of Plant genetic Resources in India
National Active Germplasm Sites (57)
Region (Climatic condition) Crop Varieties
Mid amp high hills (Delayed rains) Buckwheat VL-7 Himgiri
Mid amp high hills (Low rain fall) Grain amaranth Annapurna Durga PRA-1 PRA-2 VL Chua 44
Mid amp high hills (Mixed crops in apple orchards) Chenopodium Him Bhathua
Mid amp lower hills (Sub humidhumid) Rice bean PRR-1 PRR-2 VRB-3 and BRS-1
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH (Humid) Perilla Shillong local and Jayantia local
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH Marshy land (Humid) Jobrsquos tear Mayun Pollin
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Tumba Mansha Marudhara
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Kalingda Gujarat Karingada-1
Peninsular (AridSemi Arid) Grain amaranth Kapilasa Suvarna
Plains NEH Western amp Eastern Ghats (Subhumidhumid )
Winged bean AKWB-1
Screening Agro-biodiversity for Climate Resilience
316 wheat accessions for terminal heat stress
tolerance0
200
400
600
IC536050 IC401940 EC576585 IC252619
Promising bread wheat accessions for THST
Normal Late
Donor lines in Crops identified through phenotyping
Crop Institute Type of stress involvedNo of lines
identified
Wheat
IARI
Terminal heat
23
NBPGRCore set -2760 amp
Reference set- 3200
Rice
IARI Drought 30
CRRIDrought 8
Multiple Abiotic Stresses (Flooding Salinity) 4
DRR Heat 5
ICAR-NEHDrought 7
Heat 3
MaizeCRIDA
Drought 5
Heat 6
ICAR-NEH Heat 3
Pigeonpea IIPR
Drought 13
Water logging 5
Frost 5
Tomato
IIHR Drought 5
IIVRDrought 7
Heat 4
Swarna Sub 1 the Submergence-tolerant Rice Variety for Eastern India
bull Developed by IRRIbull Released in India by CRRI Cuttackbull Survive full submergence for more than 2
weeksbull 3-35 tha
Sci Rep 2013 3 3315Published online 2013 Nov 22 doi 101038srep03315Flood-tolerant rice reduces yield variability and raises expected yield differentially benefitting socially disadvantaged groupsManzoor H Dar Alain de Janvry Kyle Emerick David Raitzer and Elisabeth Sadoulet
Water logging tolerance in Pigeonpea based on plant stand
Blackgram Greengram Pigeonpea
Genotype OA Genotype OA Genotype OA
UH-80-30 07 Samrat 065 VKS1124-1 16
IPU-99-123 068 EC-398885 058 VKS1124-2 11
PGRU-95018 072 IPM-02-3 062 Bahar 12
ML 818 068 MAL-13 09
TTB-7 16
JKM-7 14
Water logging tolerant lines in pulses
Developing Multiple Stress Tolerance for Climate Resilience and Sustainability
bull Molecular Breedingbull Climate Smart Varieties Productivity Livelihoods
Marker-assisted backcross breeding
4
Genetic Yield Potential Enhancement
12222016
Climate Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture through GM
bull Bt cotton and stress tolerance
bull Targeting two main traits
uptake efficiency
utilization efficiency
bull Low Environmental Footprint
CRISPR-Cas9
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
World Map of the Global Climate Risk Index 2015
Climate impacts on food security
Average decline in yields of 8 major crops across Africa and South Asia
Marine fisheries to be affected
Increased fisheries yield in higher latitudes
Losses due to extreme
climatological events
USD 114 billion
Covers 60 ( 80 m ha) of the net sown area
Contributes to gt40 of the food grain production
87 coarse cereals 85 pulses 72 oilseeds 64 cotton and 46 rice
Supports more than 60 of the livestock population
Dominated by resource poor small and marginal farmers
Climate Change and Indian Agriculture
Large country with diverse climate (15 ACZs)
Diverse seasons crops and farming systems
High monsoon dependency
Close link between climate and water resources
Two thirds area rain dependent
Small holders poor coping mechanisms and low penetration of risk management products
Rainfed AgricultureMonsoon Dependent
Global Focus on Agriculture
Feeding the Crores Foreverhellip
Where are the hungry
Food Security Risk Index 2015
Sustainability is the Goal hellip
bull sustainable agriculture is the production of food fiber or other plant or animal products using farming techniques that protect the environment public health human communities and animal welfare
an integrated system of plant and animal
production practices having a site-specific
application that will last over the long term
Sustainable Food Systems
A Healthy Sustainable Food System focuses on
Local seasonal Foods
Health of the Population
Building Communities
Local Economic Development
Supporting Local Producers Processors Distributors and Retailers
Linking Food Security with Nutritional Security
How can we make it more resilient and sustainable
How climate resilient and sustainable Indian agriculture is
Accessions 1891Species 139
Accessions 11650Species 727
Cryo-bank
In vitro GenebankSeed Genebank
Accessions 429110Species 1762
Field GenebankAccessions 51473
Conservation of Plant genetic Resources in India
National Active Germplasm Sites (57)
Region (Climatic condition) Crop Varieties
Mid amp high hills (Delayed rains) Buckwheat VL-7 Himgiri
Mid amp high hills (Low rain fall) Grain amaranth Annapurna Durga PRA-1 PRA-2 VL Chua 44
Mid amp high hills (Mixed crops in apple orchards) Chenopodium Him Bhathua
Mid amp lower hills (Sub humidhumid) Rice bean PRR-1 PRR-2 VRB-3 and BRS-1
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH (Humid) Perilla Shillong local and Jayantia local
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH Marshy land (Humid) Jobrsquos tear Mayun Pollin
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Tumba Mansha Marudhara
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Kalingda Gujarat Karingada-1
Peninsular (AridSemi Arid) Grain amaranth Kapilasa Suvarna
Plains NEH Western amp Eastern Ghats (Subhumidhumid )
Winged bean AKWB-1
Screening Agro-biodiversity for Climate Resilience
316 wheat accessions for terminal heat stress
tolerance0
200
400
600
IC536050 IC401940 EC576585 IC252619
Promising bread wheat accessions for THST
Normal Late
Donor lines in Crops identified through phenotyping
Crop Institute Type of stress involvedNo of lines
identified
Wheat
IARI
Terminal heat
23
NBPGRCore set -2760 amp
Reference set- 3200
Rice
IARI Drought 30
CRRIDrought 8
Multiple Abiotic Stresses (Flooding Salinity) 4
DRR Heat 5
ICAR-NEHDrought 7
Heat 3
MaizeCRIDA
Drought 5
Heat 6
ICAR-NEH Heat 3
Pigeonpea IIPR
Drought 13
Water logging 5
Frost 5
Tomato
IIHR Drought 5
IIVRDrought 7
Heat 4
Swarna Sub 1 the Submergence-tolerant Rice Variety for Eastern India
bull Developed by IRRIbull Released in India by CRRI Cuttackbull Survive full submergence for more than 2
weeksbull 3-35 tha
Sci Rep 2013 3 3315Published online 2013 Nov 22 doi 101038srep03315Flood-tolerant rice reduces yield variability and raises expected yield differentially benefitting socially disadvantaged groupsManzoor H Dar Alain de Janvry Kyle Emerick David Raitzer and Elisabeth Sadoulet
Water logging tolerance in Pigeonpea based on plant stand
Blackgram Greengram Pigeonpea
Genotype OA Genotype OA Genotype OA
UH-80-30 07 Samrat 065 VKS1124-1 16
IPU-99-123 068 EC-398885 058 VKS1124-2 11
PGRU-95018 072 IPM-02-3 062 Bahar 12
ML 818 068 MAL-13 09
TTB-7 16
JKM-7 14
Water logging tolerant lines in pulses
Developing Multiple Stress Tolerance for Climate Resilience and Sustainability
bull Molecular Breedingbull Climate Smart Varieties Productivity Livelihoods
Marker-assisted backcross breeding
4
Genetic Yield Potential Enhancement
12222016
Climate Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture through GM
bull Bt cotton and stress tolerance
bull Targeting two main traits
uptake efficiency
utilization efficiency
bull Low Environmental Footprint
CRISPR-Cas9
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Covers 60 ( 80 m ha) of the net sown area
Contributes to gt40 of the food grain production
87 coarse cereals 85 pulses 72 oilseeds 64 cotton and 46 rice
Supports more than 60 of the livestock population
Dominated by resource poor small and marginal farmers
Climate Change and Indian Agriculture
Large country with diverse climate (15 ACZs)
Diverse seasons crops and farming systems
High monsoon dependency
Close link between climate and water resources
Two thirds area rain dependent
Small holders poor coping mechanisms and low penetration of risk management products
Rainfed AgricultureMonsoon Dependent
Global Focus on Agriculture
Feeding the Crores Foreverhellip
Where are the hungry
Food Security Risk Index 2015
Sustainability is the Goal hellip
bull sustainable agriculture is the production of food fiber or other plant or animal products using farming techniques that protect the environment public health human communities and animal welfare
an integrated system of plant and animal
production practices having a site-specific
application that will last over the long term
Sustainable Food Systems
A Healthy Sustainable Food System focuses on
Local seasonal Foods
Health of the Population
Building Communities
Local Economic Development
Supporting Local Producers Processors Distributors and Retailers
Linking Food Security with Nutritional Security
How can we make it more resilient and sustainable
How climate resilient and sustainable Indian agriculture is
Accessions 1891Species 139
Accessions 11650Species 727
Cryo-bank
In vitro GenebankSeed Genebank
Accessions 429110Species 1762
Field GenebankAccessions 51473
Conservation of Plant genetic Resources in India
National Active Germplasm Sites (57)
Region (Climatic condition) Crop Varieties
Mid amp high hills (Delayed rains) Buckwheat VL-7 Himgiri
Mid amp high hills (Low rain fall) Grain amaranth Annapurna Durga PRA-1 PRA-2 VL Chua 44
Mid amp high hills (Mixed crops in apple orchards) Chenopodium Him Bhathua
Mid amp lower hills (Sub humidhumid) Rice bean PRR-1 PRR-2 VRB-3 and BRS-1
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH (Humid) Perilla Shillong local and Jayantia local
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH Marshy land (Humid) Jobrsquos tear Mayun Pollin
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Tumba Mansha Marudhara
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Kalingda Gujarat Karingada-1
Peninsular (AridSemi Arid) Grain amaranth Kapilasa Suvarna
Plains NEH Western amp Eastern Ghats (Subhumidhumid )
Winged bean AKWB-1
Screening Agro-biodiversity for Climate Resilience
316 wheat accessions for terminal heat stress
tolerance0
200
400
600
IC536050 IC401940 EC576585 IC252619
Promising bread wheat accessions for THST
Normal Late
Donor lines in Crops identified through phenotyping
Crop Institute Type of stress involvedNo of lines
identified
Wheat
IARI
Terminal heat
23
NBPGRCore set -2760 amp
Reference set- 3200
Rice
IARI Drought 30
CRRIDrought 8
Multiple Abiotic Stresses (Flooding Salinity) 4
DRR Heat 5
ICAR-NEHDrought 7
Heat 3
MaizeCRIDA
Drought 5
Heat 6
ICAR-NEH Heat 3
Pigeonpea IIPR
Drought 13
Water logging 5
Frost 5
Tomato
IIHR Drought 5
IIVRDrought 7
Heat 4
Swarna Sub 1 the Submergence-tolerant Rice Variety for Eastern India
bull Developed by IRRIbull Released in India by CRRI Cuttackbull Survive full submergence for more than 2
weeksbull 3-35 tha
Sci Rep 2013 3 3315Published online 2013 Nov 22 doi 101038srep03315Flood-tolerant rice reduces yield variability and raises expected yield differentially benefitting socially disadvantaged groupsManzoor H Dar Alain de Janvry Kyle Emerick David Raitzer and Elisabeth Sadoulet
Water logging tolerance in Pigeonpea based on plant stand
Blackgram Greengram Pigeonpea
Genotype OA Genotype OA Genotype OA
UH-80-30 07 Samrat 065 VKS1124-1 16
IPU-99-123 068 EC-398885 058 VKS1124-2 11
PGRU-95018 072 IPM-02-3 062 Bahar 12
ML 818 068 MAL-13 09
TTB-7 16
JKM-7 14
Water logging tolerant lines in pulses
Developing Multiple Stress Tolerance for Climate Resilience and Sustainability
bull Molecular Breedingbull Climate Smart Varieties Productivity Livelihoods
Marker-assisted backcross breeding
4
Genetic Yield Potential Enhancement
12222016
Climate Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture through GM
bull Bt cotton and stress tolerance
bull Targeting two main traits
uptake efficiency
utilization efficiency
bull Low Environmental Footprint
CRISPR-Cas9
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Global Focus on Agriculture
Feeding the Crores Foreverhellip
Where are the hungry
Food Security Risk Index 2015
Sustainability is the Goal hellip
bull sustainable agriculture is the production of food fiber or other plant or animal products using farming techniques that protect the environment public health human communities and animal welfare
an integrated system of plant and animal
production practices having a site-specific
application that will last over the long term
Sustainable Food Systems
A Healthy Sustainable Food System focuses on
Local seasonal Foods
Health of the Population
Building Communities
Local Economic Development
Supporting Local Producers Processors Distributors and Retailers
Linking Food Security with Nutritional Security
How can we make it more resilient and sustainable
How climate resilient and sustainable Indian agriculture is
Accessions 1891Species 139
Accessions 11650Species 727
Cryo-bank
In vitro GenebankSeed Genebank
Accessions 429110Species 1762
Field GenebankAccessions 51473
Conservation of Plant genetic Resources in India
National Active Germplasm Sites (57)
Region (Climatic condition) Crop Varieties
Mid amp high hills (Delayed rains) Buckwheat VL-7 Himgiri
Mid amp high hills (Low rain fall) Grain amaranth Annapurna Durga PRA-1 PRA-2 VL Chua 44
Mid amp high hills (Mixed crops in apple orchards) Chenopodium Him Bhathua
Mid amp lower hills (Sub humidhumid) Rice bean PRR-1 PRR-2 VRB-3 and BRS-1
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH (Humid) Perilla Shillong local and Jayantia local
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH Marshy land (Humid) Jobrsquos tear Mayun Pollin
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Tumba Mansha Marudhara
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Kalingda Gujarat Karingada-1
Peninsular (AridSemi Arid) Grain amaranth Kapilasa Suvarna
Plains NEH Western amp Eastern Ghats (Subhumidhumid )
Winged bean AKWB-1
Screening Agro-biodiversity for Climate Resilience
316 wheat accessions for terminal heat stress
tolerance0
200
400
600
IC536050 IC401940 EC576585 IC252619
Promising bread wheat accessions for THST
Normal Late
Donor lines in Crops identified through phenotyping
Crop Institute Type of stress involvedNo of lines
identified
Wheat
IARI
Terminal heat
23
NBPGRCore set -2760 amp
Reference set- 3200
Rice
IARI Drought 30
CRRIDrought 8
Multiple Abiotic Stresses (Flooding Salinity) 4
DRR Heat 5
ICAR-NEHDrought 7
Heat 3
MaizeCRIDA
Drought 5
Heat 6
ICAR-NEH Heat 3
Pigeonpea IIPR
Drought 13
Water logging 5
Frost 5
Tomato
IIHR Drought 5
IIVRDrought 7
Heat 4
Swarna Sub 1 the Submergence-tolerant Rice Variety for Eastern India
bull Developed by IRRIbull Released in India by CRRI Cuttackbull Survive full submergence for more than 2
weeksbull 3-35 tha
Sci Rep 2013 3 3315Published online 2013 Nov 22 doi 101038srep03315Flood-tolerant rice reduces yield variability and raises expected yield differentially benefitting socially disadvantaged groupsManzoor H Dar Alain de Janvry Kyle Emerick David Raitzer and Elisabeth Sadoulet
Water logging tolerance in Pigeonpea based on plant stand
Blackgram Greengram Pigeonpea
Genotype OA Genotype OA Genotype OA
UH-80-30 07 Samrat 065 VKS1124-1 16
IPU-99-123 068 EC-398885 058 VKS1124-2 11
PGRU-95018 072 IPM-02-3 062 Bahar 12
ML 818 068 MAL-13 09
TTB-7 16
JKM-7 14
Water logging tolerant lines in pulses
Developing Multiple Stress Tolerance for Climate Resilience and Sustainability
bull Molecular Breedingbull Climate Smart Varieties Productivity Livelihoods
Marker-assisted backcross breeding
4
Genetic Yield Potential Enhancement
12222016
Climate Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture through GM
bull Bt cotton and stress tolerance
bull Targeting two main traits
uptake efficiency
utilization efficiency
bull Low Environmental Footprint
CRISPR-Cas9
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Sustainability is the Goal hellip
bull sustainable agriculture is the production of food fiber or other plant or animal products using farming techniques that protect the environment public health human communities and animal welfare
an integrated system of plant and animal
production practices having a site-specific
application that will last over the long term
Sustainable Food Systems
A Healthy Sustainable Food System focuses on
Local seasonal Foods
Health of the Population
Building Communities
Local Economic Development
Supporting Local Producers Processors Distributors and Retailers
Linking Food Security with Nutritional Security
How can we make it more resilient and sustainable
How climate resilient and sustainable Indian agriculture is
Accessions 1891Species 139
Accessions 11650Species 727
Cryo-bank
In vitro GenebankSeed Genebank
Accessions 429110Species 1762
Field GenebankAccessions 51473
Conservation of Plant genetic Resources in India
National Active Germplasm Sites (57)
Region (Climatic condition) Crop Varieties
Mid amp high hills (Delayed rains) Buckwheat VL-7 Himgiri
Mid amp high hills (Low rain fall) Grain amaranth Annapurna Durga PRA-1 PRA-2 VL Chua 44
Mid amp high hills (Mixed crops in apple orchards) Chenopodium Him Bhathua
Mid amp lower hills (Sub humidhumid) Rice bean PRR-1 PRR-2 VRB-3 and BRS-1
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH (Humid) Perilla Shillong local and Jayantia local
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH Marshy land (Humid) Jobrsquos tear Mayun Pollin
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Tumba Mansha Marudhara
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Kalingda Gujarat Karingada-1
Peninsular (AridSemi Arid) Grain amaranth Kapilasa Suvarna
Plains NEH Western amp Eastern Ghats (Subhumidhumid )
Winged bean AKWB-1
Screening Agro-biodiversity for Climate Resilience
316 wheat accessions for terminal heat stress
tolerance0
200
400
600
IC536050 IC401940 EC576585 IC252619
Promising bread wheat accessions for THST
Normal Late
Donor lines in Crops identified through phenotyping
Crop Institute Type of stress involvedNo of lines
identified
Wheat
IARI
Terminal heat
23
NBPGRCore set -2760 amp
Reference set- 3200
Rice
IARI Drought 30
CRRIDrought 8
Multiple Abiotic Stresses (Flooding Salinity) 4
DRR Heat 5
ICAR-NEHDrought 7
Heat 3
MaizeCRIDA
Drought 5
Heat 6
ICAR-NEH Heat 3
Pigeonpea IIPR
Drought 13
Water logging 5
Frost 5
Tomato
IIHR Drought 5
IIVRDrought 7
Heat 4
Swarna Sub 1 the Submergence-tolerant Rice Variety for Eastern India
bull Developed by IRRIbull Released in India by CRRI Cuttackbull Survive full submergence for more than 2
weeksbull 3-35 tha
Sci Rep 2013 3 3315Published online 2013 Nov 22 doi 101038srep03315Flood-tolerant rice reduces yield variability and raises expected yield differentially benefitting socially disadvantaged groupsManzoor H Dar Alain de Janvry Kyle Emerick David Raitzer and Elisabeth Sadoulet
Water logging tolerance in Pigeonpea based on plant stand
Blackgram Greengram Pigeonpea
Genotype OA Genotype OA Genotype OA
UH-80-30 07 Samrat 065 VKS1124-1 16
IPU-99-123 068 EC-398885 058 VKS1124-2 11
PGRU-95018 072 IPM-02-3 062 Bahar 12
ML 818 068 MAL-13 09
TTB-7 16
JKM-7 14
Water logging tolerant lines in pulses
Developing Multiple Stress Tolerance for Climate Resilience and Sustainability
bull Molecular Breedingbull Climate Smart Varieties Productivity Livelihoods
Marker-assisted backcross breeding
4
Genetic Yield Potential Enhancement
12222016
Climate Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture through GM
bull Bt cotton and stress tolerance
bull Targeting two main traits
uptake efficiency
utilization efficiency
bull Low Environmental Footprint
CRISPR-Cas9
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Sustainable Food Systems
A Healthy Sustainable Food System focuses on
Local seasonal Foods
Health of the Population
Building Communities
Local Economic Development
Supporting Local Producers Processors Distributors and Retailers
Linking Food Security with Nutritional Security
How can we make it more resilient and sustainable
How climate resilient and sustainable Indian agriculture is
Accessions 1891Species 139
Accessions 11650Species 727
Cryo-bank
In vitro GenebankSeed Genebank
Accessions 429110Species 1762
Field GenebankAccessions 51473
Conservation of Plant genetic Resources in India
National Active Germplasm Sites (57)
Region (Climatic condition) Crop Varieties
Mid amp high hills (Delayed rains) Buckwheat VL-7 Himgiri
Mid amp high hills (Low rain fall) Grain amaranth Annapurna Durga PRA-1 PRA-2 VL Chua 44
Mid amp high hills (Mixed crops in apple orchards) Chenopodium Him Bhathua
Mid amp lower hills (Sub humidhumid) Rice bean PRR-1 PRR-2 VRB-3 and BRS-1
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH (Humid) Perilla Shillong local and Jayantia local
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH Marshy land (Humid) Jobrsquos tear Mayun Pollin
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Tumba Mansha Marudhara
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Kalingda Gujarat Karingada-1
Peninsular (AridSemi Arid) Grain amaranth Kapilasa Suvarna
Plains NEH Western amp Eastern Ghats (Subhumidhumid )
Winged bean AKWB-1
Screening Agro-biodiversity for Climate Resilience
316 wheat accessions for terminal heat stress
tolerance0
200
400
600
IC536050 IC401940 EC576585 IC252619
Promising bread wheat accessions for THST
Normal Late
Donor lines in Crops identified through phenotyping
Crop Institute Type of stress involvedNo of lines
identified
Wheat
IARI
Terminal heat
23
NBPGRCore set -2760 amp
Reference set- 3200
Rice
IARI Drought 30
CRRIDrought 8
Multiple Abiotic Stresses (Flooding Salinity) 4
DRR Heat 5
ICAR-NEHDrought 7
Heat 3
MaizeCRIDA
Drought 5
Heat 6
ICAR-NEH Heat 3
Pigeonpea IIPR
Drought 13
Water logging 5
Frost 5
Tomato
IIHR Drought 5
IIVRDrought 7
Heat 4
Swarna Sub 1 the Submergence-tolerant Rice Variety for Eastern India
bull Developed by IRRIbull Released in India by CRRI Cuttackbull Survive full submergence for more than 2
weeksbull 3-35 tha
Sci Rep 2013 3 3315Published online 2013 Nov 22 doi 101038srep03315Flood-tolerant rice reduces yield variability and raises expected yield differentially benefitting socially disadvantaged groupsManzoor H Dar Alain de Janvry Kyle Emerick David Raitzer and Elisabeth Sadoulet
Water logging tolerance in Pigeonpea based on plant stand
Blackgram Greengram Pigeonpea
Genotype OA Genotype OA Genotype OA
UH-80-30 07 Samrat 065 VKS1124-1 16
IPU-99-123 068 EC-398885 058 VKS1124-2 11
PGRU-95018 072 IPM-02-3 062 Bahar 12
ML 818 068 MAL-13 09
TTB-7 16
JKM-7 14
Water logging tolerant lines in pulses
Developing Multiple Stress Tolerance for Climate Resilience and Sustainability
bull Molecular Breedingbull Climate Smart Varieties Productivity Livelihoods
Marker-assisted backcross breeding
4
Genetic Yield Potential Enhancement
12222016
Climate Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture through GM
bull Bt cotton and stress tolerance
bull Targeting two main traits
uptake efficiency
utilization efficiency
bull Low Environmental Footprint
CRISPR-Cas9
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
How can we make it more resilient and sustainable
How climate resilient and sustainable Indian agriculture is
Accessions 1891Species 139
Accessions 11650Species 727
Cryo-bank
In vitro GenebankSeed Genebank
Accessions 429110Species 1762
Field GenebankAccessions 51473
Conservation of Plant genetic Resources in India
National Active Germplasm Sites (57)
Region (Climatic condition) Crop Varieties
Mid amp high hills (Delayed rains) Buckwheat VL-7 Himgiri
Mid amp high hills (Low rain fall) Grain amaranth Annapurna Durga PRA-1 PRA-2 VL Chua 44
Mid amp high hills (Mixed crops in apple orchards) Chenopodium Him Bhathua
Mid amp lower hills (Sub humidhumid) Rice bean PRR-1 PRR-2 VRB-3 and BRS-1
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH (Humid) Perilla Shillong local and Jayantia local
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH Marshy land (Humid) Jobrsquos tear Mayun Pollin
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Tumba Mansha Marudhara
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Kalingda Gujarat Karingada-1
Peninsular (AridSemi Arid) Grain amaranth Kapilasa Suvarna
Plains NEH Western amp Eastern Ghats (Subhumidhumid )
Winged bean AKWB-1
Screening Agro-biodiversity for Climate Resilience
316 wheat accessions for terminal heat stress
tolerance0
200
400
600
IC536050 IC401940 EC576585 IC252619
Promising bread wheat accessions for THST
Normal Late
Donor lines in Crops identified through phenotyping
Crop Institute Type of stress involvedNo of lines
identified
Wheat
IARI
Terminal heat
23
NBPGRCore set -2760 amp
Reference set- 3200
Rice
IARI Drought 30
CRRIDrought 8
Multiple Abiotic Stresses (Flooding Salinity) 4
DRR Heat 5
ICAR-NEHDrought 7
Heat 3
MaizeCRIDA
Drought 5
Heat 6
ICAR-NEH Heat 3
Pigeonpea IIPR
Drought 13
Water logging 5
Frost 5
Tomato
IIHR Drought 5
IIVRDrought 7
Heat 4
Swarna Sub 1 the Submergence-tolerant Rice Variety for Eastern India
bull Developed by IRRIbull Released in India by CRRI Cuttackbull Survive full submergence for more than 2
weeksbull 3-35 tha
Sci Rep 2013 3 3315Published online 2013 Nov 22 doi 101038srep03315Flood-tolerant rice reduces yield variability and raises expected yield differentially benefitting socially disadvantaged groupsManzoor H Dar Alain de Janvry Kyle Emerick David Raitzer and Elisabeth Sadoulet
Water logging tolerance in Pigeonpea based on plant stand
Blackgram Greengram Pigeonpea
Genotype OA Genotype OA Genotype OA
UH-80-30 07 Samrat 065 VKS1124-1 16
IPU-99-123 068 EC-398885 058 VKS1124-2 11
PGRU-95018 072 IPM-02-3 062 Bahar 12
ML 818 068 MAL-13 09
TTB-7 16
JKM-7 14
Water logging tolerant lines in pulses
Developing Multiple Stress Tolerance for Climate Resilience and Sustainability
bull Molecular Breedingbull Climate Smart Varieties Productivity Livelihoods
Marker-assisted backcross breeding
4
Genetic Yield Potential Enhancement
12222016
Climate Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture through GM
bull Bt cotton and stress tolerance
bull Targeting two main traits
uptake efficiency
utilization efficiency
bull Low Environmental Footprint
CRISPR-Cas9
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Accessions 1891Species 139
Accessions 11650Species 727
Cryo-bank
In vitro GenebankSeed Genebank
Accessions 429110Species 1762
Field GenebankAccessions 51473
Conservation of Plant genetic Resources in India
National Active Germplasm Sites (57)
Region (Climatic condition) Crop Varieties
Mid amp high hills (Delayed rains) Buckwheat VL-7 Himgiri
Mid amp high hills (Low rain fall) Grain amaranth Annapurna Durga PRA-1 PRA-2 VL Chua 44
Mid amp high hills (Mixed crops in apple orchards) Chenopodium Him Bhathua
Mid amp lower hills (Sub humidhumid) Rice bean PRR-1 PRR-2 VRB-3 and BRS-1
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH (Humid) Perilla Shillong local and Jayantia local
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH Marshy land (Humid) Jobrsquos tear Mayun Pollin
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Tumba Mansha Marudhara
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Kalingda Gujarat Karingada-1
Peninsular (AridSemi Arid) Grain amaranth Kapilasa Suvarna
Plains NEH Western amp Eastern Ghats (Subhumidhumid )
Winged bean AKWB-1
Screening Agro-biodiversity for Climate Resilience
316 wheat accessions for terminal heat stress
tolerance0
200
400
600
IC536050 IC401940 EC576585 IC252619
Promising bread wheat accessions for THST
Normal Late
Donor lines in Crops identified through phenotyping
Crop Institute Type of stress involvedNo of lines
identified
Wheat
IARI
Terminal heat
23
NBPGRCore set -2760 amp
Reference set- 3200
Rice
IARI Drought 30
CRRIDrought 8
Multiple Abiotic Stresses (Flooding Salinity) 4
DRR Heat 5
ICAR-NEHDrought 7
Heat 3
MaizeCRIDA
Drought 5
Heat 6
ICAR-NEH Heat 3
Pigeonpea IIPR
Drought 13
Water logging 5
Frost 5
Tomato
IIHR Drought 5
IIVRDrought 7
Heat 4
Swarna Sub 1 the Submergence-tolerant Rice Variety for Eastern India
bull Developed by IRRIbull Released in India by CRRI Cuttackbull Survive full submergence for more than 2
weeksbull 3-35 tha
Sci Rep 2013 3 3315Published online 2013 Nov 22 doi 101038srep03315Flood-tolerant rice reduces yield variability and raises expected yield differentially benefitting socially disadvantaged groupsManzoor H Dar Alain de Janvry Kyle Emerick David Raitzer and Elisabeth Sadoulet
Water logging tolerance in Pigeonpea based on plant stand
Blackgram Greengram Pigeonpea
Genotype OA Genotype OA Genotype OA
UH-80-30 07 Samrat 065 VKS1124-1 16
IPU-99-123 068 EC-398885 058 VKS1124-2 11
PGRU-95018 072 IPM-02-3 062 Bahar 12
ML 818 068 MAL-13 09
TTB-7 16
JKM-7 14
Water logging tolerant lines in pulses
Developing Multiple Stress Tolerance for Climate Resilience and Sustainability
bull Molecular Breedingbull Climate Smart Varieties Productivity Livelihoods
Marker-assisted backcross breeding
4
Genetic Yield Potential Enhancement
12222016
Climate Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture through GM
bull Bt cotton and stress tolerance
bull Targeting two main traits
uptake efficiency
utilization efficiency
bull Low Environmental Footprint
CRISPR-Cas9
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Region (Climatic condition) Crop Varieties
Mid amp high hills (Delayed rains) Buckwheat VL-7 Himgiri
Mid amp high hills (Low rain fall) Grain amaranth Annapurna Durga PRA-1 PRA-2 VL Chua 44
Mid amp high hills (Mixed crops in apple orchards) Chenopodium Him Bhathua
Mid amp lower hills (Sub humidhumid) Rice bean PRR-1 PRR-2 VRB-3 and BRS-1
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH (Humid) Perilla Shillong local and Jayantia local
Mid amp lower hills ndash NEH Marshy land (Humid) Jobrsquos tear Mayun Pollin
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Tumba Mansha Marudhara
Northern plains (AridSemi Arid) Kalingda Gujarat Karingada-1
Peninsular (AridSemi Arid) Grain amaranth Kapilasa Suvarna
Plains NEH Western amp Eastern Ghats (Subhumidhumid )
Winged bean AKWB-1
Screening Agro-biodiversity for Climate Resilience
316 wheat accessions for terminal heat stress
tolerance0
200
400
600
IC536050 IC401940 EC576585 IC252619
Promising bread wheat accessions for THST
Normal Late
Donor lines in Crops identified through phenotyping
Crop Institute Type of stress involvedNo of lines
identified
Wheat
IARI
Terminal heat
23
NBPGRCore set -2760 amp
Reference set- 3200
Rice
IARI Drought 30
CRRIDrought 8
Multiple Abiotic Stresses (Flooding Salinity) 4
DRR Heat 5
ICAR-NEHDrought 7
Heat 3
MaizeCRIDA
Drought 5
Heat 6
ICAR-NEH Heat 3
Pigeonpea IIPR
Drought 13
Water logging 5
Frost 5
Tomato
IIHR Drought 5
IIVRDrought 7
Heat 4
Swarna Sub 1 the Submergence-tolerant Rice Variety for Eastern India
bull Developed by IRRIbull Released in India by CRRI Cuttackbull Survive full submergence for more than 2
weeksbull 3-35 tha
Sci Rep 2013 3 3315Published online 2013 Nov 22 doi 101038srep03315Flood-tolerant rice reduces yield variability and raises expected yield differentially benefitting socially disadvantaged groupsManzoor H Dar Alain de Janvry Kyle Emerick David Raitzer and Elisabeth Sadoulet
Water logging tolerance in Pigeonpea based on plant stand
Blackgram Greengram Pigeonpea
Genotype OA Genotype OA Genotype OA
UH-80-30 07 Samrat 065 VKS1124-1 16
IPU-99-123 068 EC-398885 058 VKS1124-2 11
PGRU-95018 072 IPM-02-3 062 Bahar 12
ML 818 068 MAL-13 09
TTB-7 16
JKM-7 14
Water logging tolerant lines in pulses
Developing Multiple Stress Tolerance for Climate Resilience and Sustainability
bull Molecular Breedingbull Climate Smart Varieties Productivity Livelihoods
Marker-assisted backcross breeding
4
Genetic Yield Potential Enhancement
12222016
Climate Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture through GM
bull Bt cotton and stress tolerance
bull Targeting two main traits
uptake efficiency
utilization efficiency
bull Low Environmental Footprint
CRISPR-Cas9
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Donor lines in Crops identified through phenotyping
Crop Institute Type of stress involvedNo of lines
identified
Wheat
IARI
Terminal heat
23
NBPGRCore set -2760 amp
Reference set- 3200
Rice
IARI Drought 30
CRRIDrought 8
Multiple Abiotic Stresses (Flooding Salinity) 4
DRR Heat 5
ICAR-NEHDrought 7
Heat 3
MaizeCRIDA
Drought 5
Heat 6
ICAR-NEH Heat 3
Pigeonpea IIPR
Drought 13
Water logging 5
Frost 5
Tomato
IIHR Drought 5
IIVRDrought 7
Heat 4
Swarna Sub 1 the Submergence-tolerant Rice Variety for Eastern India
bull Developed by IRRIbull Released in India by CRRI Cuttackbull Survive full submergence for more than 2
weeksbull 3-35 tha
Sci Rep 2013 3 3315Published online 2013 Nov 22 doi 101038srep03315Flood-tolerant rice reduces yield variability and raises expected yield differentially benefitting socially disadvantaged groupsManzoor H Dar Alain de Janvry Kyle Emerick David Raitzer and Elisabeth Sadoulet
Water logging tolerance in Pigeonpea based on plant stand
Blackgram Greengram Pigeonpea
Genotype OA Genotype OA Genotype OA
UH-80-30 07 Samrat 065 VKS1124-1 16
IPU-99-123 068 EC-398885 058 VKS1124-2 11
PGRU-95018 072 IPM-02-3 062 Bahar 12
ML 818 068 MAL-13 09
TTB-7 16
JKM-7 14
Water logging tolerant lines in pulses
Developing Multiple Stress Tolerance for Climate Resilience and Sustainability
bull Molecular Breedingbull Climate Smart Varieties Productivity Livelihoods
Marker-assisted backcross breeding
4
Genetic Yield Potential Enhancement
12222016
Climate Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture through GM
bull Bt cotton and stress tolerance
bull Targeting two main traits
uptake efficiency
utilization efficiency
bull Low Environmental Footprint
CRISPR-Cas9
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Swarna Sub 1 the Submergence-tolerant Rice Variety for Eastern India
bull Developed by IRRIbull Released in India by CRRI Cuttackbull Survive full submergence for more than 2
weeksbull 3-35 tha
Sci Rep 2013 3 3315Published online 2013 Nov 22 doi 101038srep03315Flood-tolerant rice reduces yield variability and raises expected yield differentially benefitting socially disadvantaged groupsManzoor H Dar Alain de Janvry Kyle Emerick David Raitzer and Elisabeth Sadoulet
Water logging tolerance in Pigeonpea based on plant stand
Blackgram Greengram Pigeonpea
Genotype OA Genotype OA Genotype OA
UH-80-30 07 Samrat 065 VKS1124-1 16
IPU-99-123 068 EC-398885 058 VKS1124-2 11
PGRU-95018 072 IPM-02-3 062 Bahar 12
ML 818 068 MAL-13 09
TTB-7 16
JKM-7 14
Water logging tolerant lines in pulses
Developing Multiple Stress Tolerance for Climate Resilience and Sustainability
bull Molecular Breedingbull Climate Smart Varieties Productivity Livelihoods
Marker-assisted backcross breeding
4
Genetic Yield Potential Enhancement
12222016
Climate Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture through GM
bull Bt cotton and stress tolerance
bull Targeting two main traits
uptake efficiency
utilization efficiency
bull Low Environmental Footprint
CRISPR-Cas9
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Water logging tolerance in Pigeonpea based on plant stand
Blackgram Greengram Pigeonpea
Genotype OA Genotype OA Genotype OA
UH-80-30 07 Samrat 065 VKS1124-1 16
IPU-99-123 068 EC-398885 058 VKS1124-2 11
PGRU-95018 072 IPM-02-3 062 Bahar 12
ML 818 068 MAL-13 09
TTB-7 16
JKM-7 14
Water logging tolerant lines in pulses
Developing Multiple Stress Tolerance for Climate Resilience and Sustainability
bull Molecular Breedingbull Climate Smart Varieties Productivity Livelihoods
Marker-assisted backcross breeding
4
Genetic Yield Potential Enhancement
12222016
Climate Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture through GM
bull Bt cotton and stress tolerance
bull Targeting two main traits
uptake efficiency
utilization efficiency
bull Low Environmental Footprint
CRISPR-Cas9
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Developing Multiple Stress Tolerance for Climate Resilience and Sustainability
bull Molecular Breedingbull Climate Smart Varieties Productivity Livelihoods
Marker-assisted backcross breeding
4
Genetic Yield Potential Enhancement
12222016
Climate Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture through GM
bull Bt cotton and stress tolerance
bull Targeting two main traits
uptake efficiency
utilization efficiency
bull Low Environmental Footprint
CRISPR-Cas9
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
12222016
Climate Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture through GM
bull Bt cotton and stress tolerance
bull Targeting two main traits
uptake efficiency
utilization efficiency
bull Low Environmental Footprint
CRISPR-Cas9
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Climate Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture through GM
bull Bt cotton and stress tolerance
bull Targeting two main traits
uptake efficiency
utilization efficiency
bull Low Environmental Footprint
CRISPR-Cas9
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Evolution of Pathogens under Climate Change
bull Biotic Stress
bull Wheat Blast ndash Transboundary issues
bull Wheat Rust
White Fly in Punjab Cotton 70 affected
Pest Forewarning
SystemClimate change is also putting stem rust resistance due to Sr31 under threat of Ug99 race of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminisf sp tritici
Elevated temperature and CO2 concentration are also posing higher threat perception of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) disease of potato and important diseases of rice namely blast (Pyricularia oryzae) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani)
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
IPM for Climate Resilience amp
Sustainability
Acerophagus papayaePseudleptomastix
mexicana Anagyrus loecki
Agri-Intelligence
Real-time Surveillance
Forecasting
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Livestock for Livelihoods Emphasis on Indigenous Breeds
Indigenous Breed Improvement
Semen Sexing
Infertility Management (Oestrus synchronization)
Fodder Silage Mineral Mix
Small Ruminants (Goat Sheep) Pig amp Poultry
Vertebrate Pest Management Blue bull Boar amp Monkey Menace
Health Management
Tharparkar
Kankrej
Gir
Sahiwal
Red Sindhi
Rathi
Sheep improvement
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Infrared Thermal Imaging for Assessment of Heat Regulation
An infrared thermograph with temperature scale of sahiwalcattle illustrating the insulation breakage from legs at low temperatures
As the temperature increases whole body becomes the hotspot for temperature
Tharparkar maintains the same temperature allover body which is not the case in crossbred
Tharparkar is more adapted to higher temperature than Karan Fries
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Global gene expression have been done in indigenous cattle (Tharparkar) by using bovinegene chip Microarray( Affymetrix )
460 genes altered during heat stress
Maximum effect of heat stress was observed in the genes related to genomic functionthan any other genes
Gene expression profiling in indigenous cattle and buffalo peripheral blood leukocytes in response to heat stress
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control Antioxidant Climat Ch
Cat
alas
e a
ctiv
ity
(nm
ol
min
ml)
bb
abab
aa
Plasma catalase and SOD activity increased significantly in both the antioxidant supplemented amp
temperature controlled animals
0
001
002
003
004
005
Control Antioxidant Climate chamber
Sup
ero
xid
e d
ism
uta
se
(Um
l)
b
aa
b
ab
P1P2
P3
Antioxidant mixture feeding had positive effect on resilience to stress
by lambs during summer (CSWRI)
Mitigation of Heat and Cold Stress in Small Ruminants
Stressol ndashG an herbal crude powder based tablets to reduce the cold
stress in goats during winter (CIRG)
He
at S
tre
ssC
old
Str
ess
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
District Level Vulnerability Mapping
Vulnerability mapping done at district level with IPCC protocol of exposure sensitivity and adaptive capacity
District level vulnerability atlas for agriculture
District level sensitivity factors mapped and opportunities for investments on technology and infrastructure provided for adaptation and mitigation
User - NABARD for funding projects under global adaptation fund
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
NICRA-NMSA Interface Meeting
Temperature and rainfall indices for weather insurance products
Drought Heat submergence stress tolerant varieties
Physiological and molecular basis for heat stress tolerance in indigenous cattle
Adaptation and mitigation technologies with lower GWP identified for major crop production systems
Participatory demonstration of technologies in 100 KVKs across 28 states
Implementation of monsoon action plan
Farmersrsquo risk minimization practice 27 smart technologies for
mainstreaming and up-scaling under NMSA
National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture
NICRA-Technology Demonstration Network
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Climate Vulnerabilities addressed
4 modulesNRM Crops Livestock Fisheries Institutional
NICRA-NMSA Interface
Workshop
151 Climate Resilient Villages Established
Resilient Interventions Adaption towards weather
aberrations In-situ moisture conservation
practices Soil health cards-SSNM Tolerant crops-
varieties breeds fodder Water saving paddy systems Crop residue recycling Community nursery and
planting dates Farm machinery with CHC
Custom hiring of farm machinery (revenue Rs 8 lakhs) Demonstrations in 6803 farmers fields covering 3431 ha 722 training programs organized covering 27887 Smart farmer certificates awarded to 4605 NICRA farmers Identified 27 climate resilient practices for up-scaling under NMSA
Village Carbon Balance GHG Mitigation Potential
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Resilience Indicators in NICRA Villages
0
20
40
60
NICRA Non-NICRA
Re
silie
nce
sco
re
A more diverse cropping pattern is associated with less decline in farm income (more income resilience) on both per ha and per household basis)
NICRA village did better with
respect to indicators related to
technology adoption and showed better
resilience
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Custom Hiring Centers (CHC) ndash Spread of the Concept (5 states considering adopting the model under state funding)
Zone-wise Revenue Generation through Custom Hiring Centers
Zone Highestearning
NICRA-KVK (No)
Revenue (Rs)
Average (Rs)
I Faridkot 12 92995- 7749-
II Saran 15 141735- 9449-
III East Tripura 17 112566- 6621-
IV Kushinagar 13 18651- 1434-
V West Godavari 13 196030- 15079-
VI Kutch 7 394968- 56424-
VII Kendrapara 14 94476- 6748-
VIII Namakkal 9 227898- 25322-
Total 100 1279319- 12793-
Custom Hiring Centres for Farm Implements
Revenue generated through CHC of Odisha KVKs Rs114367
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
NICRACRIDA AICRPDA Research outputsampAgri UniversitiesKVKs
Updating of contingency plans with UniversitiesKVKs
NMSA
Implementationof DCPs
District (with State Government authorities)
TaluqMandal (AICRPDAAICRPAM network)
Villages (through KVKs under NICRA-TDC
District Agriculture Contingency Plans (619 of 651 completed)
Handholding the State Departments for
Climate Resilience
30 Plans for Odisha
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Climate Change and Agriculture Knowledge Portal
Adaptation mitigation strategies
Climate Change Portal
Agri-Science Tube
Fore-casting tools
AgrometAdvisory
Contingency Strategies
FormGroup
Discussions
Knowledge Resources
Historical lnfo
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
126 196 66 37107 177 247 317 78 148 218 288 49 119 189 259
d
evia
tion
Integration with ground data
Rainfall deviations
June
September
October
July
AugustJune 215 dist
July 226 dist
August 124 dist
Sept 115 dist
Oct 179 dist
No of districts under drought
National Agricultural Drought Assessment amp Monitoring System
-027 -026 005 010 020 030 040 050 gt06
Sowing progress
SeptemberJuly
District Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
DSS 4 Agri-Development Space Applications
Land Resource Inventory and Land Use Planning
Soil resource mapping at 1250000 scale for all states
District level soil resource inventory at 150000 scale (6145 lakh ha) and at 110000 scale (308 lakhs ha)
Soil series entered in National Register ndash 293
20 Agro-Ecological Regions 60 Agro-Ecological Sub Regions refined for Indo-Gangetic Plains and Black Soil Region
Land use planning model for districts
Harmonized characterized and quantified 120 m ha of degraded land in India
Soil Loss Classes TGAVery Slight (lt 5tha-1yr-1) 302
Slight ( 5-10 tha-1yr-1) 200
Moderate (10-15 tha-1yr-1) 131
Moderately Severe (15-20 tha-1yr-1) 63
Severe (20-40 tha-1yr-1) 104
Very Severe (40 -80 tha-1yr-1) 72
Extremely severe (gt80 tha-1yr-1) 39
Others 89
AESRrsquos
AERrsquos
Village Soil Map
District Soil Map
Kharif Paddy
Rabi -OnionUpscaling of village LUP to
District level
Estimated Soil Loss India
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Geo-referenced Soil Fertility Maps 4
Crop amp Animal Productivity
GIS based soil fertility maps of Nasik District of
Maharashtra
170 districts spread across 19 states
Soil-Plant-Animal-Human Continuum
Soil Health for Food CropsFodder Crops
Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the
only solution for restoration of soil health
Microbial Consortia
Microbial enriched compost potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) solubilizing bacteria microbial consortia for organic matter decomposition plant growth promoting bacteria for disease control in crops and horticulture
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Water Saving Technologies
Laser land leveling
Raised bed plantingRiceMaize + Potato
Pipeline Networking
R-Rice R-F- Rice- fish R-FHC- Rice- fish ndashhort crops RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system
4
5
6
25
0 2 4 6 8
10
12
14
16
1
2
3
4
5
US Cm3
R R
-F R
-F-H
C
R-
FD
F
Net Water Productivity of
Rice-Fish Farming Systems
Growing needs to bring more cropped area
under irrigation to meet the food demand
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Drought tolerant paddy cultivar for Odisha
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha) Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
240 - 04 12800 180
Sahabhagidhan
310 2917 40 19200 206
Drought tolerant paddy var Sahabhagi dhan
Jharsuguda Sonepuramp Ganjam
Lodging Cracking of soil ampstunted growth occurred in var of gt 120 days duration due to dry spell (Sept20-30) amp Oct 06 -31 2015
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Farmers Covered 16Nos
Area in ha 40
Flood tolerant Paddy variety Swarna Sub-I in cyclone affected regions
Swarna sub-1
Swarna sub-1 can with stand 10 days water logging amp yield is higher than Local ruling var Pratikshya
Ganjam
Treatments Variety Seed
yield
(kgha)
Fodder
yield
(kgha)
Gross cost
(Rsha)
Gross
returns
(Rsha)
Net returns
(Rsha)
Demo Swarna-
sub-1
4140 5670 24200 57960 35760
Farmers practice Pratikshya 4020 5510 24100 56280 32180
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Sesamum Cv- Prachi in upland situation Black gram var Prasad Maize var PAC-745
Demonstration of drought tolerant varieties for upland conditions
Technology demonstrated Critical input (Variety Fertilizer
Chemicals doses)
No of
farmers
Area (ha) Average Yield (qha)
Demoha Localha
Demonstration of stress
tolerant varieties
Sesame Cv- Prachi15 25 32 17
Maize Cv- PAC 74525 50 148 117
Black gram Cv- Prasad55 120 102 78
Kalahandi
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Crop diversification with hybrid Maize in upland region under delayed
monsoon conditions
Treatment Yield(qha) change in yield
Area(ha)
Net Return(Rsha)
BC Ratio
Farmerpractice
230 - 04 73500 31
Hybrid maize 390 6957 40 138500 40
Crop diversification with hybrid maize
Case Study from Jharsuguda Odisha
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Local Ragi ML365
Drought Proofing ndash A case study from village Tumkur
Interventions in four modules (NRM Crops Livestock and Institutional)
Investment US $ 25Kyear over 3 years generated additional wealth and environmental services valued at $ 115K
Enabled farmers to cope with severe drought of 2012-13 where the loss was restricted to 30 as against 70 in neighboring villages
Technology In-situ moisture conservation Land treatments Farm ponds Drought tolerant cultivar Soil test based nutrients
Institutions VCRMC Seed bank Custom hiring of farm machines Water groups
AdaptationMitigation
Adaptation to Droughts Resilient
Household food and livelihoods Enhanced
Village carbon balance +
GHGs reduced
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Conservation Agriculture
CA practices in irrigated rice reduced GHGs besides rice residue management improved soil C sequestration and soil health
Reduced GHGs in Zero Tillage Maize over Tilled Maize
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Ch
eck
dam
Po
ly b
ag c
he
ck d
amR
ech
argi
ng
of
op
en
we
ll
Use of harvested water for rabi crops
Ex-situ rainwater harvesting in farm ponds check dams poly bag check dams
Use of harvested water for pre-sowing and supplemental irrigations in rabi season and high value vegetable crops
Mustard 128 ha 16 qha Rs36000ha 32 BC ratio in Datia MP
Vegetables (tomato chilies brinjal cauliflower) Rs10 to Rs15 lakhsha additional income 4 to 56 BC ratio in Datia MP
Taken up in MP Maharashtra Karnataka Gujarat Rajasthan Chhattisgarh etc
Rainwater Harvesting and its Efficient use Enhanced Productivity and Cropping Intensity
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Integrated Watershed Management
Drought Mitigation and Integrated Development of BundelkhandRegion
Parasai-Sindh Watershed District Jhansi
Rubber Dam
Parasai-Sindh Watershed
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Diversified Farming
Diversified Crops enterprises and
Practices
Higher and sustainable production
Better marketing and returns
Optimum utilization of
resourcesinputs
Opportunity Diversified Farming
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Crop Diversification
Sunflower + pigeonpea (21)
Sunflower + groundnut (15)
Soybean + sunflower (21)
Groundnut + pigeonpea (52)
Castor + groundnut (135)
Castor + mungbean (12)
Castor + clusterbean (12)
Castor + pigeonpea (11)
Chickpea + Mustard (31)
Remunerative Intercropping Systems
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Farming System Options for Livelihood Improvement and Sustainability
Intensive integrated Farming System
Integration of crop-fish-livestock
BC ration 142 to 176
Passion fruits on fences
Multi-tier cropping
Agropastoral based Integrated Farming System
Integration of dairy fodder crops
Residue retention and fodder on risers
Vertical cropping
Gingerturmeric under partial shade of bottle gourd
Fish based farming system
Pond dyke utilization for vegetablesfruits
Fish + duck farming system
Fish feed requirement zero due to dropping spillage of duck feed in pond
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Introduction of improved breeds of duckling var Khaki
camp bell
Improving the livelihoods through farming systems approach
No of Farmers - 29No of Birds - 100 duckling
Result Yield (kgha) Gross Cost Gross Return Net Return(Rsha) BC Ratio
Local 195 kg egg laying-40
220 355 135 16
Demo 3 kg egg laying-180
460 1020 560 22
Kendrapara Odisha
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Agroforestry and the 3 major UN Conventions
AgroforestryUNCCD
UNFCCC CBD
Landscape restoration Reversing land degradation
Carbon sequestration
On-farm adaptation
Species and habitat conservation
Landscape connectivity
Agroforestry systems a major sink of atmospheric CO2
reduce the vulnerability of small-scale farmers
LULUCF of the Kyoto Protocol Article 33 A amp R
Expanding the size of the global terrestrial sink
Harnessing Ecosystem Services
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Addressing the Farmersrsquo Challenges
Farmer-Centric ApproachhellipDoubling Farmersrsquo
Income
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
smart farming4
small farmers
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Agro-Advisories ndash Helping farmers in timely decisions
Comprehensive weather based agro-advisory services
District-level advisories through KVKs
Impact studies showed significant benefits to farmers in saving on input cost time of spraying irrigation scheduling and crop harvesting
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
CentreMaximum
temperature (degC)
Minimum
temperature (degC)Stage
Kanpur 256 ndash 275 99 ndash 113 Milk
Faizabad 320 140 Dough
Anand 269 ndash 281 99 ndash 110 Milk
Ranichauri 138 ndash 163 29 ndash 53 Jointing to Anthesis
Raipur 297 ndash 317 151 ndash 158 Milk
Ludhiana 200 ndash 313 64 ndash 154 Booting to Maturity
Thresholds of temperature in critical stages for obtaining optimum wheat yield at 6 centres
Weather based indices for improved insurance policies
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
KVKs to enable climate resilience and sustainability
Kisan Mobile Advisory
through SMS
`Krishi Dakrsquo - Post Office in Agriculture
Community Radio
650 KVKs 1995-2005 Extension reforms pilot tested
under NATP
2005 Scheme for `Support to State Extension Programmesrsquo
2007 National Development Council highlighted the need for Extension Reforms
2007 NPF ndash farmer-to-farmer learning through Farm Schools
XI Plan KVKs in each district
2012 2 KVKs in larger districts
2016 Specialty KVKS
KVK Portal
Mobile Apps
Seed Hubs
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Policy responses have consistently evolved with successive drought events
1877
Drought Events
Major Policy Interventions
Famine Codes
1965
Green
Revolution
and FCI
Scarcity
relief
1972
Employ
ment
Generation
Programmes
Drought
relief
1979
Contingency
Crop
Plan
Drought
management
1987
Watershed
Approach
Water
management
2002
Improved weather
forecasts and their
applications
Knowledge management
Each round represent
death of one million people
Each round represent around fifty million people affected Source ADPCMOA
2009
bull Fertilizer Policy ndash Subsidybull Agroforestry Policybull Pricing Policy - MSPbull Crop Insurancebull NMSA
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Investment in Agric RampD has High Returns
Source Fan Mogues and Benin 2009
Note ldquonerdquo indicates not estimated
China India Thailand Ghana Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia
Returns to agriculture or rural income
(local currencylocal currency spending)
Agric RampD 68 135 126 168 124 125 014
Education 22 14 21 -02 72 9 056
Health ne 08 ne 13 09 ne -003
Roads 17 53 09 88 27 91 422
Ranking in returns to poverty reduction
Agric RampD 2 2 1 ne 1 2 ne
Education 1 3 3 ne 3 1 ne
Health ne 4 ne ne 4 ne ne
Roads 3 1 2 ne 2 3 ne
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
What more to be done
Large scale replication of climate resilient and sustainable agri-models
Taking the science of climate resilience and sustainability to a higher platform
Land consolidation
Promotion of self-sustaining seed system
Creation of primary processing units at the production sites complete package for use of waste and market linkage
Creation of agri-information and service centres
Value tagging of ecosystem services
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
Climate Resilient Agriculture
Profit-Prestige-Partnerships in Agriculture
Sustainability in Agriculture
A Happy and Healthy India
We foreseehellip
Youth is our Strength
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip
मरा गााव मरा गौरव
Scientists as Social Change Agents
Thank You Allhellip