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IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE DEVICES (IED). Definition. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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IMPROVISED IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE EXPLOSIVE
DEVICESDEVICES (IED) (IED)
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Definition
An IED is a device, assembled by an organization or an individual in contravention to the existing
rules of Law of Nation adopting unconventional or semi-conventional methods of
assembling a standard device, ammunition/explosives or
commercial, with a criminal/anti-national intention.
The design of an IED will depend on the lethality of a bomb
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The effects of an IED explosion are not standard and predictable
The effects will vary in each case, depending on :
Components Quality of explosive Casing Quantity of splinters
IED
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Components of an IED
Explosives Detonator Power Source (Battery) Initiation Mechanism (Switch)
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Components of an IED…
+
-Battery
Switch
Explosive &
Detonator
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Briefcase Bomb with Mechanism
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Initiation Mechanism
The switch is a mechanism incorporated to ensure
initiation of an IED in a predetermined pattern so as to ensure success in destroying the target in
a well deliberated manner.
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Chain of Detonation
Main Charge
Booster
Detonation Wave Carrier (Cordtex)Detonator
Flame Carrier
Flame Producer
1 2 3 4 5 6
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Explosive and its AccessoriesA. Flame Producer : Match fuse, Match box,
Igniter safety fuse strikerB. Flame Carrier : Safety fuseC. Detonator :
Safety FuseMercury Fulminate
ASA Mixture
Base Charge (CE)
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Explosive and its Accessories…
D. Detonation Wave Carrier(Primacord) Length : 150 m Explosive : PETN Deto. Vel. : 6000 to 8000 m/s
E. Booster : To boost up the detonation
waves CE Powder : Brown GC Powder : White
F. Main Filling
11Explosive Accessories
Fuse Burning
Delay Fuse Detonator
Safety FuseCordtex
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Initiation Mechanism The switches can either be classified as Electrical, Mechanical & Miscellaneous.Types of Initiation
Mechanism Anti-handling Delay Ambient Command
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Types of Initiation Mechanism…
Anti-handling Pressure Pressure release Pull Pull/release Tilt Anti-penetration Lift Pendulum Tension
Delay Mechanical Timer Clock/Watch Quartz Watch Electronic Timer Pyrotechnics Thermal Electro Chemical Chemical Expanding seeds
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Types of Initiation Mechanism…
Ambient Temperature Smoke/Gas Sound IR Rays Proximity Humidity X Rays Light
Command Car remote Cordless Bell FM Radio Command Wire Aero Modeling
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Questioning Technique
What time the bomb will explode ? Where is the bomb located ? What type of bomb is ? How will we get rid of the bomb ? What is your good name ? Why have you kept the bomb ? Where are you speaking from ?
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Search Rules & Technique of an IED
Search Rules Search Technique What to look for ? (Tell Tale Sign)
Points to remember Action on locating IED
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Search Rules & Technique
Search Rules Don’t touch or handle suspicious object
Don’t assume only one device is planted
Use maximum two persons per room or for all area up to 250 Sq. ft.
Use Searches in alternate room
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Search Rules & Technique…
Search Rules Give rest after every 10 min. Never use searches more than necessary
Clearly mark the area searched Trust nothing and assume nothing safe
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Search Rules & Technique…
Search Techniques Obtain maximum information about the device
Listen before entering a room Be careful about booby trap, at the door itself and also throughout the search
Make a visual survey of the entire area of the room
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Search Rules & Technique…
Search Techniques Divide the area while carrying out Search : Waist level Eye level Ceiling level Above Ceiling level
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Search Rules & Technique
Search Techniques Search back to back by two persons, meet in center and go back again
Rest after each Search Mark the Searched area Report about the area and suspected object
Ask for help from expert
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Search Rules & Technique
What to look for ? (Tell Tale Sign) Recently disturbed area Saw dust, Brick dust, Wood chips Greasy Paper Wrappings Out of place object Disturbed Carpenter Tin foils
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Search Rules & Technique
What to look for ? (Tell Tale Sign)
Partly open window/door/drawers Fresh plaster/Cement Loose Electric Fittings Fish-line, dirty ropes, electric wire
Cut vegetation
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Search Rules & Technique
What to look for ? (Tell Tale Sign)
Military container of explosive Dirty foot prints Scratched or new paint New brick work/plaster
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Search Rules & Technique
Points to Remember Don’t touch or remove the packet Don’t open with hands or puncture Don’t submerge in water Don’t accept identification mark on the face value
Don’t bring suspect bomb to police station
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Search Rules & Technique
Points to Remember Don’t open unless duty bound Evacuate the people to a safe area Don’t use radio Open all doors and windows Don’t be a Dead Hero
27Scooter Bomb found at Bombay in March,1993
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Search Rules & Technique
Action on locating an IED Buttress : It’s an action of putting sand bags near the object to protect
Baffling : It’s an action of putting mattress etc. to minimise damage due to blast and fragments
Venting : It’s an action of opening all doors and windows of the room.
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Bomb Incident Planning CycleBomb Threat/Incident Notification
IED Location not known
IED Detonates a
Search
RSP
TPT
Remove
Remove
RSP
TPT
TPT
Remove
RSP
Investigation
Collect Evidence
Reconstruction
Analysis
Establish modus operandi
Conduct apprehension
Conviction
Disposal
IED Location known
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Render Safe Procedure (RSP) Tool Kit
31Render Safe Procedure (RSP) Tool Kit
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Counter IED Operation We can use mnemonic
“UNITED NATIONS”
U -Useful information prior to responding
N-Notify appropriate people
I-Initial Response to scene
T-Time element involved
E-Establish Command Post
D-Decide Techniques
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N- Notify the Field Commander
A- Attack an IED
T-Transport the physical evidence
I-Investigate Crime
O-Orientate Pertinent Facts
N-Notify Appropriate People
S-Synopsis
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Bomb Detection Technique
Technician Neutralizing an IED
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Bomb Detection Technique
Snake Eye Camera
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Bomb Detection Technique
Confirming presence of Explosive by Sniffer Dog
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Bomb Detection Technique
Removing a suspected Car Bomb with Robot
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Bomb Detection Technique
Mini Detector
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Bomb Detection Technique
Electronic Stethoscope
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Bomb Detection Technique
The door of a suspected Car being opened by Car Remote Opening Tool Kit (CROT)
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Bomb Disposal Technique
Robot
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Bomb Disposal Technique
Cordtex Opening Technique
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Bomb Disposal Technique
Cutting a wire of a Detonator by Mechanical Wire Cutter
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Bomb Disposal Technique
Neutralizing an IED with Water Cannon
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Bomb Disposal Technique
Cutting the wire by Remote Wire Cutter
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Bomb Disposal Technique
Explosive Opening Techniques-Shot Gun Method
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Bomb Disposal Technique
Disrupting the Power Source by Disrupter
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Bomb Disposal Technique
Burning of Explosives
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Bomb Disposal Technique
Making a hole in a suspected package with thermal cutter
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Bomb Disposal Gears
Bomb Suit
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Bomb Disposal Gears
Bomb Blanket
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Bomb Disposal Gears
Bomb Basket
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Bomb Disposal Gears
Bomb Transport Trailer
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Bomb Disposal Gears
Robot (Wheel Barrow)
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Safety Precautions
Do’s for Common Men Inform the police on seeing any suspicious object
Move away from the suspicious object in a quiet manner
Follow instructions of guide in case of threat
Carry your own personal belongings during evacuation
Help ladies, old and children
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Safety Precautions
Do’s for Common Men When a vehicle is parked, close all windows and lock the doors
Inspect vehicles for any suspicious object before moving out of garage
Switch off all electrical mains, gas lines etc.
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Safety Precautions
Don’ts for Common Men Touch or handle any suspicious object
Pick up attractive items lying at odd places
Open or cut any suspicious object
Panic but remain cool Obstruct the passage of security/bomb squad
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Safety Precautions
Don’ts for Common Men Spread rumors Assume only one device is planted
Submerge in water Bring suspected bomb to police station
Leave vehicle unattended
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IED : BOOK & LETTER BOMBStarted by Black September Group
(Palestine)
Components of Letter Bomb
Sheet Explosives Detonator Switch Mechanism Power Source (9V Polaroid Cell)
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Recognition SignWe can use mnemonic “EXPLOSIVE PARCEL”
E-Excessive Securing Material
X-Excessive Weight
P-Protruding Wire
L-Lop Sided/Unevenly weighted
O-Oily Stains
S-Stiff or rigid envelope
I-Is pack expected ?
V-Visual distraction
E-Excessive Postage
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Recognition SignWe can use mnemonic “EXPLOSIVE PARCEL”
P-Proper Name & Title incorrect
A-Address hand written or poorly typed
R-Restrictive Marking
C-Common Words misspell
E-European/Foreign Mail
L-Lacks address of sender
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Safety Precautions
Evacuate all persons Stop entry into the room Don’t open letter by hand Don’t smoke near bomb Don’t cut any protruding wire Don’t jerk the letter Put letter through Mail Bomb Detector
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The Value of Taking Cover
Standing in the open
Lying down in the open lying
behind a low
coverInside brick house In Shelters
or trench
100%
50%
35%
10%
5%
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Bomb Threat Contingency Plan for an Industry
Important Features Designate a bomb threat co-ordinator
Bomb threat co-ordination control room
Bomb threat assessment committee
Evacuation of area Search team Evacuation signal
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Bomb Threat Contingency Plan for an Industry
Important Features Liaison arrangements Responsibilities of various agencies
Telephone numbers Completion Certificate
Remember that every Ex-Serviceman need not be an IED expert
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ANY QUESTIONS