#CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION

SHERLOCK INSTITUTE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE INDIA (SIFS INDIA)

Crime Scene Investigation!! WHAT IS CRIME !!

* The word Crime is derived from the Latin root Cerno, meaning "I Decide, I Give Judgment.

* Crime is the breach of Rules or Laws for which some Governing Authority (via mechanisms such as legal systems) can Ultimately Prescribe a Conviction.

#Crime Scene Investigation!! PROSPECTUS !!

Module-1: Crime Scene Investigations

Module-2: Physical Evidence

Module-3: Investigation Techniques

Module-4: Glass Evidence

Module-5: Soil Evidence

Module-6: Paint Evidence

Module-7: Tool Marks and Impressions

Module-8: Fiber

#Crime Scene Investigation!! CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION !!

* Based on the Scientific Method and the Locard Exchange Principle, Logic and Forensic Techniques Involve

* Recognition- Scene Survey, Documentation, Collection

* Identification- Comparison Testing

* Individualization- Evaluation and Interpretation

* Reconstruction- Reporting and Presenting

Goals are to determine the following…

* What happened

* Where did it happen

* When did it happen

* Why did it happen

* Who may have perpetrated these actions

* How was the incident carried out

#Crime Scene Investigation!! TYPE OF CRIME SCENE !!

INDOOR CRIME SCENE: Evidence at an indoor scene is generally less susceptible to loss, contamination and deleterious change. Indoor crime scenes are usually easier to secure and protect, and securing a scene can be as simple as closing a door.

OUTDOOR CRIME SCENE: The outdoor crime scene is the most vulnerable to loss, contamination, and deleterious change of physical evidence in a relatively short period of time. Individuals with access to the scene can potentially alter, destroy or contaminate evidence.

#Crime Scene Investigation!! TYPE OF EVIDENCE !!

* Direct Evidence that (if true) proves an alleged fact; includes first hand observations such as eyewitness accounts. Confessions are also considered direct evidence. Also police dash videos

* Circumstantial Evidence is indirect evidence that can be used to imply a fact but that does not directly prove it; but circumstantial evidence at a crime scene may provide a link between the crime scene and the suspect.

* Circumstantial evidence can be either physical or biological in nature.

#Crime Scene Investigation!! PHYSICAL EVIDENCE !!

PHYSICAL EVIDENCE includes impressions such as…

* Fingerprints

* Footprints

* Shoe Prints

* Tire Impressions

* Tool Marks

* Fibers

* Weapons

* Bullets

* Cartridge Cases.

#Crime Scene Investigation!! BIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE !!

BIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE includes…

* Body Fluids

* Hair

* Plant Parts

* Natural Fibers.

#Crime Scene Investigation!! THE 7th CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION !!

* Securing the Scene

* Separating the Witnesses

* Scanning the Scene

* Seeing the Scene

* Sketching the Scene

* Searching for Evidence

* Securing & Collecting Evidence

#Crime Scene Investigation!! SECURING & COLLECTING EVIDENCE !!

1:Evidence can be massive to Microscopic.

2: May only be detected in a Crime Lab, ex. traces of Blood on Clothing, Hair and Fibers from Vacuum Sweeps.

3: It is sometimes necessary to confiscate clothing from victim and perp.

4: Critical areas should be vacuumed; sweepings from different areas must be kept separate.

5: Finger nail scrapings must also be taken from suspects and victims.

#Crime Scene Investigation!! SECURING & COLLECTING EVIDENCE !!

All Evidence Needs to be Properly Packaged, Sealed and Labeled.

The Evidence log should contain all Pertinent Information Including:

* Case No

* Item Inventory No

* Description of the Evidence

* Name of Suspect

* Name of Victim

* Date & Time of Recovery

* Signature of Person Recovering the Evidence

* Signature of any Witnesses Present

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