Before you attempt the question given to you as an assignment … you must take note of the following information:

◦ A primary goal of terrorism is to disrupt society by causing widespread psychological damage and social disruption

◦ Secondly, the purpose of terrorism is to provoke social, political and economic fall-out

September 11 Attacks◦ Loss of life and property cost insurance

companies close to US$40 million ◦ Loss of business to the airline industry as people

were afraid of flying following the incidents Government bail-outs were necessary to help

support the airline industry and prevent airlines from closing down

Despite this, many airlines cut down by retrenching staff or cutting down orders for new aircraft

As people were afraid to fly, the tourism industry in some countries suffered

Bali Bombings 2002◦ Bali’s main source of income is tourism (resorts,

restaurants, leisure, shopping, etc)◦ Incomes fell by 50% following the bomb attacks

and the effects were devastating on the people Many businesses had to close down

◦ The Indonesian government faced pressure to relieve the hardships of the people If hardships are not relieved, there is a likelihood of

social unrest as people would resort to protesting against the government or turning to crime and looting in order to survive

Economic• Loss of life and property from Sept 11 cost insurance companies US$40 billion• Loss of business for the airline industry had to be ‘cured’ through huge government bail-outs

Political• Tightening of border security and immigration clearance• Counter-terrorism legislation that infringe on individual freedom and personal privacy

Social• Knee-jerk reactions to crises• Extremist rhetoric and sensitive political developments over people• Preparing Singaporeans to be psychologically and socially resilient

Economic• Loss of income for Balinese following the Bali bombings as tourist levels fell by 50%• Government spending on security has also increased (e.g. security personnel, security exercises)

Social• Causes suspicion and tension among different ethnic and religious groups• Causes paranoia and fear• Resulted in the Community Engagement Programme as a long-term effort to ensure social cohension and harmony even in the face of crisis and to put in place response plans

Although Singapore is fortunate enough to have been spared the

horrors faced London, NY, Madrid and Bali, we must not slacken in

our defence

YES. WE ARE PREPARED … ONCE WE COME TOGETHER IN TOTAL

DEFENCE…

OUR SAFETY IS OUR RESPONSIBILITY

OUR NEGLIGENCE IS OUR CONSEQUENCE

Points to take note when evaluating:

◦ Transnational terrorism is a global threat which requires EVERYONE’S efforts

◦ No one country can defeat terrorism on it’s own

ASEAN’s Efforts to Manage Terrorism:◦ Terrorism viewed as a major threat and

challenge to peace and security in the region

◦ Terrorism impedes progress and prosperity◦ ASEAN pledges its support to cooperate

against transnational terrorists through joint-police / armed forces and intelligence measures

ASEAN’s Efforts to Manage Terrorism:◦ The Capture of Fathur Rohman Al-Ghozi

Jemaah Islamiyah bomb-maker Involved in the bombing on a LRT train in the

Philippines Lead character in the plot to bomb targets in

western Singapore Was in possession of explosives intended for

use in Singapore◦ Based on information provided by

Singapore, the Philippines was able to apprehend Fathur, who was killed in a shoot-out with police

International Efforts to Combat Terrorism:◦ UN Resolutions

Freeze financial assets of terrorists and their supporters

Deny terrorists travel and safe haven Prevent terrorist recruitment and weapons supply Co-operate on information sharing and criminal

persecution◦ UN Counter Terrorism Committee

to monitor member countries’ adherence to the resolutions

to strengthen the counter-terrorism capacity of UN member states

provide technical assistance to countries who need help in implementing the resolutions

Successful or Not Successful?

◦ Successful: US$200 million of

terrorist funding seized 4,000 terrorist suspects

arrested through shared information

◦ Not Successful: Ability of terrorists to

escape security restrictions

Ability to recruit and influence people to join their cause (via Internet)

Nurturing an Environment that Censures (Condemns) Terrorism:

◦ Society must be firm in denying terrorists and their warped ideas to have space in society

◦ Society must be firm and actively reject terrorism with ONE VOICE